310 lines
38 KiB
XML
310 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4ABCEF2FDBB200394B67FD1F1B5C0F6F">A review of the families and genera of the superfamily PLATYSCELOIDEA Bowman & Gruner, 1973 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea), together with keys to the families, genera and species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="4A6415141869FFA0FF5EFF64FCD0F816" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6069289" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124691929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6069289" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A6415141869FFA0FF5EFF64FCD0F816" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A6415141869FFA0FF5EFF64FCD0F816" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF5EFF64FD87FF40" blockId="35.[151,526,152,211]" box="[151,526,152,178]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF5EFF64FD87FF40" bold="true" box="[151,526,152,178]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FF27FF64FD87FF40" authority="Claus, 1879" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1879" box="[238,526,152,178]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF27FF64FEFCFF40" bold="true" box="[238,373,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paralycaea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FEB5FF64FD87FF40" author="Claus" box="[380,526,152,178]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1879) Die Gattungen und Arten der Platysceliden in Systematischer Ubersicht. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universitat zu Wien und der Zoologischen Station Triest, 2, 1 - 52 (147 - 198)." type="journal article" year="1879">Claus, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF5EFF46FEACFF21" blockId="35.[151,526,152,211]" box="[151,293,186,211]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5AF6B8871869FFA0FF56FF46FE94FF21" box="[159,285,186,211]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="36.[151,250,1896,1918]" captionStartId-1="37.[151,250,1887,1909]" captionTargetBox-0="[193,1372,280,1821]" captionTargetBox-1="[178,1421,228,1846]" captionTargetId-0="figure@36.[151,1436,195,1875]" captionTargetId-1="figure@37.[151,1436,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId-0="36" captionTargetPageId-1="37" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Paralycaea gracilis Claus, 1879, female (4.6 mm), Tasman Sea, SAMA C 5174; male (3.2 mm), Indian Ocean, off South Africa, SAMA C 5813. A – C, cuticular sculpture, habitus and dorsal view of head of female. Mouthparts from male. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (B, C), 0.2 mm (G 1 & 2), 0.1 mm (A 1 & 2), 0.05 mm (mouthparts)." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Paralycaea gracilis Claus, 1879, female (4.6 mm), Tasman Sea, SAMA C 5174. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/166430/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/166431/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs 11–12</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891869FFA0FF5EFEFEFDF6FE86" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF5EFEFEFDF6FE86" blockId="35.[151,1436,258,372]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E2DD832C1869FFA0FF5EFEFEFDF6FE86" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FF5EFEFEFE34FEEA" authority="Claus, 1879: 32" authorityName="Claus" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,445,258,280]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF5EFEFEFE85FEEA" box="[151,268,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paralycaea</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FEDFFEFEFE34FEEA" author="Claus" box="[278,445,258,280]" page="32" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1879">
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FEDFFEFEFE1FFEEA" author="Claus" box="[278,406,258,280]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1879) Die Gattungen und Arten der Platysceliden in Systematischer Ubersicht. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universitat zu Wien und der Zoologischen Station Triest, 2, 1 - 52 (147 - 198)." type="journal article" year="1879">Claus, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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: 32
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(key), 40.—
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<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FD8AFEFEFCBDFEEA" author="Gerstaecker" box="[579,820,258,280]" page="486" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1886">
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FD8AFEFEFD76FEEA" author="Gerstaecker" box="[579,767,258,280]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Gerstaecker, A. (1886) Dr. H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs, wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bilt. 5 (2). Gliederfussler; Arthropoda. Leipzig und Heidelberg, 1886, pp. 417 - 512." type="journal article" year="1886">Gerstaecker 1886</bibRefCitation>
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: 486
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.—
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<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FC9BFEFEFC7AFEEA" author="Claus" box="[850,1011,258,280]" page="56" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1887">
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FC9BFEFEFC45FEEA" author="Claus" box="[850,972,258,280]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1887) Die Platysceliden. Alfred Holder, Vienna, 77 pp., plates 1 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1887">Claus 1887</bibRefCitation>
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: 56
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key), 63–64.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FB56FEFEFAF5FEEA" author="Stebbing" box="[1183,1404,258,280]" page="1567" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1888">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FB56FEFEFAB5FEEA" author="Stebbing" box="[1183,1340,258,280]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1888) Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76. Zoology, 29, i - xxiv & 1 - 1737, plates 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1888">Stebbing 1888</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 1567
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FF0EFEDDFE3FFEC5" author="Schellenberg" box="[199,438,289,311]" page="648" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1927">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FF0EFEDDFE0EFEC5" author="Schellenberg" box="[199,391,289,311]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Schellenberg, A. (1927) Amphipoda des Nordischen Plankton, pp. 589 - 722. In: Nordisches Plankton, Zoologischer Teil. Kiel, Leipzig. Volume 3, 722 pp." type="book chapter" year="1927">Schellenberg 1927</bibRefCitation>
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: 648
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(key), 651–652.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FDBDFEDDFC91FEC5" author="Pirlot" box="[628,792,289,311]" page="135" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1929">
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FDBDFEDDFD62FEC5" author="Pirlot" box="[628,747,289,311]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Pirlot, J. M. (1929) Resultats zoologiques de la croisiere atlantique de'l'Armauer Hansen' (Mai-Juin 1922). 1. Les Amphipodes Hyperides. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, serie 3, 15 (2), 1 - 196." type="journal article" year="1929">Pirlot 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 135
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FCFEFEDDFC65FEC5" author="Hurley" box="[823,1004,289,311]" page="174" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1955">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FCFEFEDDFC34FEC5" author="Hurley" box="[823,957,289,311]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Hurley, D. E. (1955) Pelagic amphipods of the sub-order Hyperiidea in New Zealand waters. I. Systematics. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 83 (1), 119 - 194." type="journal article" year="1955">Hurley 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 174
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key), 175.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FBBFFEDDFA12FEC5" author="Bowman" box="[1142,1435,289,311]" page="42" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FBBFFEDDFAF0FEC5" author="Bowman" box="[1142,1401,289,311]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Bowman, T. E. & Gruner, H. - E. (1973) The families and genera of Hyperiidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 146, 1 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.146" type="book chapter" year="1973">Bowman & Gruner 1973</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 42
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key), 43–44.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FEACFEBCFD86FEA4" author="Zeidler" box="[357,527,320,342]" page="21" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1978">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FEACFEBCFE65FEA4" author="Zeidler" box="[357,492,320,342]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Zeidler, W. (1978) Hyperiidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from Queensland waters. Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplementary Series, No. 59, 1 - 93. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / AJZS 059" type="book chapter" year="1978">Zeidler 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 21
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 25.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FD45FEBCFC22FEA4" author="Vinogradov" box="[652,939,320,342]" page="361" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1982">
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FD45FEBCFCF5FEA4" author="Vinogradov" box="[652,892,320,342]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Vinogradov, M. E., Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N. (1982) Amfipody-Giperiidy (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) Mirovogo Okeanea. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR No. 132. Leningrad, 492 pp. [In Russian, English translation, 1996, Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington D. C., D. Siegel-Causey, Scientific Editor]." type="book" year="1982">
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||
Vinogradov
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FCC4FEBDFCB3FEA4" box="[781,826,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 361
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 377–378.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FBA3FEBCFAD3FEA4" author="Shih" box="[1130,1370,320,342]" page="146" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FBA3FEBCFAA3FEA4" author="Shih" box="[1130,1322,320,342]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Shih, C. - T. & Chen, Q. - C. (1995) Zooplankton of China Seas (2) - The Hyperiidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda). China Ocean Press, Beijing, 295 pp." type="book" year="1995">Shih & Chen 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 146
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 158.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131869FFA0FEC1FEA2FE74FE86" author="Vinogradov" box="[264,509,350,372]" page="1202" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1999">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FEC1FEA2FE49FE86" author="Vinogradov" box="[264,448,350,372]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Vinogradov, G. M. (1999) Amphipoda, pp. 1141 - 1240. In: Boltovskoy, D. (Ed.), South Atlantic Zooplankton. Vol. 2. Backhuys, Leiden, The Netherlands, 1705 pp." type="book chapter" year="1999">Vinogradov 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1202
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 1203.
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891869FFA0FF5EFE60FC46FE0E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF5EFE60FC46FE0E" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
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<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF5EFE60FEBCFE47" bold="true" box="[151,309,412,437]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Type species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FEF6FE60FD3AFE46" authority="Claus, 1879" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1879" box="[319,691,412,437]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FEF6FE60FD96FE47" box="[319,543,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paralycaea gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FDE3FE60FD3AFE46" author="Claus" box="[554,691,412,437]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1879) Die Gattungen und Arten der Platysceliden in Systematischer Ubersicht. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universitat zu Wien und der Zoologischen Station Triest, 2, 1 - 52 (147 - 198)." type="journal article" year="1879">Claus, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by monotypy. Type material could not be found at the MFN or ZMH and is considered lost. However, the description and figures provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FB95FE43FB67FE2A" author="Claus" box="[1116,1262,447,472]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1879) Die Gattungen und Arten der Platysceliden in Systematischer Ubersicht. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universitat zu Wien und der Zoologischen Station Triest, 2, 1 - 52 (147 - 198)." type="journal article" year="1879">Claus (1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FAC9FE3CFAB0FE2A" author="Claus" box="[1280,1337,448,472]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1887) Die Platysceliden. Alfred Holder, Vienna, 77 pp., plates 1 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1887">1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) readily characterise this genus. The type locality is unknown (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FD31FE18FCF2FE0E" author="Claus" box="[760,891,484,509]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1879) Die Gattungen und Arten der Platysceliden in Systematischer Ubersicht. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universitat zu Wien und der Zoologischen Station Triest, 2, 1 - 52 (147 - 198)." type="journal article" year="1879">Claus 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FC4FFE18FC4AFE0E" author="Claus" box="[902,963,484,508]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1887) Die Platysceliden. Alfred Holder, Vienna, 77 pp., plates 1 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1887">1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891869FFA0FF0EFDFBFC6DFB02" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
|
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<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF0EFDFBFF70FB3F" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF0EFDFBFEC8FDD2" bold="true" box="[199,321,519,544]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Body shape robust or globular. Head rounded. Eyes occupying most of head surface, grouped in one field on each side of head. Antennae 1 of males with 1-articulate peduncle; flagellum with large, crescentshaped callynophore, with aesthetascs arranged in one-field brush medially; with two smaller articles inserted on antero-dorsal corner. Antennae 1 of females without peduncle; callynophore narrowly rectangular; with one smaller article inserted terminally. Antennae 2 absent in females. Antennae 2 of males 5-articulate; strongly zigzagged, with most articles folded back on each other; extending anteriorly under head and posteriorly between the gnathopoda and pereopoda to pereonite 2; basal article distinctly inflated, about half or less the length of following article; last two articles sub-equal in length to preceding one; terminal article pointing anteriorly. Mandibular incisor relatively broad, with several teeth; in male orientated more or less parallel to palp. Maxillae 1 very reduced in size, consisting of plate-like lobes, with four rounded teeth distally on medial margin. Maxillae 2 very reduced in size; bi-lobed, with two terminal teeth or robust setae on each lobe. Maxilliped with inner lobes completely fused; medial margin of outer lobes with membranous fringe. Gnathopods 1 & 2 simple. Pereopods 3 & 4 distinctly shorter than pereopods 5 & 6. Pereopod 5; basis about
|
||
<date id="B67382C21869FFA0FD35FC44FC96FC3D" box="[764,799,952,976]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">3 x</date>
|
||
as wide as merus, non-locking but may overlap with P6; articles 3–7 inserted terminally to basis. Pereopod 6; basis very wide proximally, as wide or less than
|
||
<date id="B67382C21869FFA0FAC8FC20FAAAFC06" box="[1281,1315,988,1013]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">5 x</date>
|
||
as wide as merus, but not operculate, does not overlap, or lock, with opposing pereopod; articles 3–7 inserted sub-terminally on basis; merus with antero-distal corner extended, distinctly overlapping carpus medially. Pereopod 7 reduced in size with basis not particularly enlarged, usually with only 1–3 terminal articles, but sometimes all articles are present. Uropod 1 with articulated exopoda and endopoda. Uropod 2; endopod sometimes fused with peduncle. Uropod 3; endopod fused with peduncle. Rami of all uropoda more-or-less lanceolate, usually with serrated margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF0EFB2BFC6DFB02" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" box="[199,996,1239,1264]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF0EFB2BFEACFB02" bold="true" box="[199,293,1239,1264]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FEE5FB2BFD1FFB02" authority="Claus, 1879" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1879" box="[300,662,1239,1264]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FEE5FB2BFD83FB02" box="[300,522,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paralycaea gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FDD8FB2BFD1FFB02" author="Claus" box="[529,662,1239,1264]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1879) Die Gattungen und Arten der Platysceliden in Systematischer Ubersicht. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universitat zu Wien und der Zoologischen Station Triest, 2, 1 - 52 (147 - 198)." type="journal article" year="1879">Claus, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FD05FB25FC69FB02" authority="Stebbing, 1888" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1888" box="[716,992,1239,1264]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoylei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FD05FB25FCA5FB02" box="[716,812,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. hoylei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FCFDFB2BFC69FB02" author="Stebbing" box="[820,992,1239,1264]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1888) Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76. Zoology, 29, i - xxiv & 1 - 1737, plates 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1888">Stebbing, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891869FFA0FF0EFB00FD9BFACA" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF0EFB00FD9BFACA" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF0EFB00FE35FAE7" bold="true" box="[199,444,1276,1301]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
|
||
Apart from the morphology of the mandibles and the antennae, no obvious sexual dimorphism could be determined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891869FFA0FF0EFAB8FCD0F816" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF0EFAB8FBA5FA72" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF0EFAB8FEB2FAAF" bold="true" box="[199,315,1348,1373]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This genus differs from the other two in the family in that the basis of pereopod 6 lacks a fissure, and opposing pereopods do not seem to overlap. Also, the gnathopoda are simple.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF0EFA70FE25F9E2" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The number of valid species in this genus is contentious.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FC81FA70FBD5FA56" box="[840,1116,1420,1445]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Vinogradov, M. E., Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N. (1982) Amfipody-Giperiidy (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) Mirovogo Okeanea. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR No. 132. Leningrad, 492 pp. [In Russian, English translation, 1996, Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington D. C., D. Siegel-Causey, Scientific Editor]." type="book">
|
||
Vinogradov
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FC1BFA71FB8BFA57" box="[978,1026,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1982)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
consider it to be monotypic, but Harbison
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FEFBFA4DFEEDFA3A" box="[306,356,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1977) argue for the recognition of at least two, if not all, of the three nominal species, viz.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FA4EFA4DFE09FA1E" authority="Claus, 1879" authorityName="Claus" authorityYear="1879" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FA4EFA4DFF64FA1F" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FF3CFA28FE09FA1E" author="Claus" box="[245,384,1492,1517]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Claus, C. (1879) Die Gattungen und Arten der Platysceliden in Systematischer Ubersicht. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institut der Universitat zu Wien und der Zoologischen Station Triest, 2, 1 - 52 (147 - 198)." type="journal article" year="1879">Claus, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FE44FA29FD61FA1E" authority="Bovallius, 1887" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1887" box="[397,744,1492,1517]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="newtoniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FE44FA29FDA4FA1E" box="[397,557,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. newtoniana</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FDFCFA28FD61FA1E" author="Bovallius" box="[565,744,1492,1517]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Bovallius, C. (1887) Systematical list of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea. Bihang till Kungliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 11 (16), 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1887">Bovallius, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FCEAFA29FBB2FA1E" authority="Stebbing, 1888" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1888" box="[803,1083,1492,1517]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoylei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FCEAFA29FC0DFA1F" box="[803,900,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. hoylei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FC44FA28FBB2FA1E" author="Stebbing" box="[909,1083,1492,1517]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1888) Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76. Zoology, 29, i - xxiv & 1 - 1737, plates 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1888">Stebbing, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Clearly a thorough taxonomic revision is long overdue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF0EF9E0FCC2F91A" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The validity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FEB6F9E1FE7DF9C7" box="[383,500,1564,1589]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FEB6F9E1FE7DF9C7" box="[383,500,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FDFBF9E1FD1FF9C7" box="[562,662,1564,1589]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoylei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FDFBF9E1FD1FF9C7" box="[562,662,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. hoylei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was established more recently (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FBC6F9E0FB2EF9C6" author="Zeidler" box="[1039,1191,1564,1589]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Zeidler, W. (1998) Pelagic amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) collected from eastern and south-eastern Australian waters by the C. S. I. R. O. research vessel ' Warreen' during the years 1938 - 41. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series, No. 4, 1 - 143." type="book chapter" year="1998">Zeidler 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but the status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FA4EF9E1FE93F9AA" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="newtoniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FA4EF9E1FE93F9AA" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. newtoniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is uncertain, as the description given by Bovallius is limited, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D761AA01869FFA0FBDFF9BCFBCFF9AA" box="[1046,1094,1600,1624]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material appears lost, and no figures are available in the literature. It seems to be very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FC5FF999FC7EF98F" box="[918,1015,1636,1661]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoylei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FC5FF999FC7EF98F" box="[918,1015,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. hoylei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, except for pereopod 6, in which the antero-distal corner of the merus does not overlap the carpus, but the two species may yet prove to be synonymous. The specimens mentioned by Harbison
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FD95F951FD06F937" box="[604,655,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1977) were not available for examination, and until more material becomes available, only two species are currently recognised.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF0EF909FDD8F86F" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Very little is known about the biology of species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FCD2F908FC79F8FF" author="Stephensen" box="[795,1008,1780,1805]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Stephensen, K. (1925) Hyperiidea-Amphipoda (Part 3: Lycaeopsidae, Pronoidae, Lycaeidae, Brachyscelidae, Oxycephalidae, Parascelidae, Platyscelidae). Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas, 2 (Biology - D 5), 151 - 252." type="journal article" year="1925">Stephensen (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FBA0F909FB57F8FF" box="[1129,1246,1780,1805]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FBA0F909FB57F8FF" box="[1129,1246,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a medusa,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FF5EF8EBFF77F8C2" box="[151,254,1815,1840]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Rhopalonematidae" genus="Aglantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trachymedusae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF5EF8EBFF77F8C2" box="[151,254,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Aglantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(?), but most species seem to be associated with siphonophores, Harbison
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FBF4F8E5FBE4F8C2" box="[1085,1133,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1977) having recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FA4EF8E5FF64F8A7" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FA4EF8E5FF64F8A7" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FE88F8C0FD6DF8A7" box="[321,740,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FE88F8C0FE64F8A7" box="[321,493,1852,1877]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Agalmatidae" genus="Agalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="clausi">Agalma clausi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FDC9F8C0FD6DF8A7" box="[512,740,1852,1877]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Diphyidae" genus="Sulculeolaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="chuni">Sulculeolaria chuni</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FCE2F8C1FC26F8A6" box="[811,943,1853,1876]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Diphyidae" genus="Sulculeolaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="monoica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FCE2F8C1FC26F8A6" box="[811,943,1853,1876]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. monoica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FC0FF8C1FBA3F8A6" box="[966,1066,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. h oy l ei</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FB4AF8C1FAC8F8A7" box="[1155,1345,1852,1877]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Agalmatidae" genus="Nanomia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bijuga">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FB4AF8C1FAC8F8A7" box="[1155,1345,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Nanomia bijuga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FA4EF8C1FEAAF88A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Diphyidae" genus="Sulculeolaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadrivalvis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FA4EF8C1FEAAF88A" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. quadrivalvis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FEAAF89DFD8BF88A" box="[355,514,1889,1912]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="newtoniana">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FEAAF89DFD8BF88A" box="[355,514,1889,1912]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. newtoniana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FD80F89CFD2DF88A" box="[585,676,1887,1912]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Diphyidae" genus="Sulculeolaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="chuni">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FD80F89CFD2DF88A" box="[585,676,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. chuni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FD7AF89CFCB9F88A" box="[691,816,1888,1912]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Diphyidae" genus="Sulculeolaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="monoica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FD7AF89CFCB9F88A" box="[691,816,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. monoica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FCA0F89CFB9BF88A" box="[873,1042,1887,1912]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Diphyidae" genus="Sulculeolaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadrivalvis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FCA0F89CFB9BF88A" box="[873,1042,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. quadrivalvis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31869FFA0FBEBF89CFB73F88A" box="[1058,1274,1887,1912]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Gasca, R., Suarez-Morales, E. & Haddock, S. H. D. (2006) Symbiotic associations between crustaceans and gelatinous zooplankton in deep and surface waters off California. Marine Biology (2007), 151, 233 - 242. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 006 - 0478 - y" type="journal article">
|
||
Gasca
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FBA7F89DFB21F88A" box="[1134,1192,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also record
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FA4EF89DFF55F86F" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoylei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FA4EF89DFF55F86F" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. hoylei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FEE9F878FDD8F86F" box="[288,593,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FEE9F878FDC4F86F" box="[288,589,1924,1949]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Diphyidae" genus="Chelophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="appendiculata">Chelophyes appendiculata</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021869FFA0FF0EF854FCD0F816" blockId="35.[151,1437,412,2021]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811869FFA0FF0EF854FEC1F833" box="[199,328,1960,1985]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pronoidae" genus="Paralycaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101869FFA0FF0EF854FEC1F833" box="[199,328,1960,1985]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paralycaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be a relatively uncommon but widely distributed genus in tropical and temperate regions of the world’s oceans, occurring mainly in near-surface waters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |