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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6066865" ID-GBIF-Dataset="09101595-7414-42fa-b53f-5a1e9baadd98" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121067100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6066865" checkinTime="1467004166608" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sydney K. Brannoch &amp; Gavin J. Svenson" docDate="2016" docId="4A09B002342DFFAEFF80FA246244FA30" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectSystematicsEvoluition.47.4.209.pdf" docOrigin="Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution 47" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Ilomantis Giglio-Tos 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="228" masterDocId="B630C87A3421FFBDFFEAFFFB666EFF94" masterDocTitle="Leveraging female genitalic characters for generic and species delimitation in Nilomantis Werner, 1907 and Ilomantis Giglio-Tos, 1915 (Mantodea, Nilomantinae)" masterLastPageNumber="244" masterPageNumber="209" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" updateTime="1644787795423" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Leveraging female genitalic characters for generic and species delimitation in Nilomantis Werner, 1907 and Ilomantis Giglio-Tos, 1915 (Mantodea, Nilomantinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sydney K. Brannoch</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Gavin J. Svenson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Insect Systematics &amp; Evolution</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>47</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>209</mods:start>
<mods:end>244</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1163/1876312X-47032141</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">09101595-7414-42fa-b53f-5a1e9baadd98</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">269839</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection box="[106,428,1503,1530]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="12.[106,428,1503,1530]" box="[106,428,1503,1530]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221">
<heading bold="true" box="[106,428,1503,1530]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" reason="0">
<taxonomicName authority="Giglio-Tos, 1915" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1915" box="[106,428,1503,1530]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,428,1503,1530]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,220,1503,1530]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="221">Ilomantis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Giglio-Tos, E." box="[227,428,1503,1529]" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" pagination="1 - 16" part="30" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi esotici. VIII. Acromantinae. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino 30: 1 - 16." title="Mantidi esotici. VIII. Acromantinae" type="journal article" year="1915">
Giglio-Tos,
<number box="[367,428,1503,1529]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="1915.0">1915</number>
</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="221" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="12.[106,1074,1556,1652]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221">
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="12" pageNumber="221">
<taxonomicName authority="Giglio-Tos, 1915: 46" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1915" box="[106,467,1556,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[106,208,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="221">Ilomantis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation author="Giglio-Tos, E." box="[219,467,1556,1583]" page="46" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation author="Giglio-Tos, E." box="[219,420,1556,1583]" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" pagination="1 - 16" part="30" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi esotici. VIII. Acromantinae. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino 30: 1 - 16." title="Mantidi esotici. VIII. Acromantinae" type="journal article" year="1915">
Giglio-Tos,
<number box="[358,420,1556,1583]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="1915.0">1915</number>
</bibRefCitation>
: 46
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 1927:
<number box="[560,607,1556,1582]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="136.0">136</number>
;
<treatmentCitation author="Beier, M." box="[622,798,1556,1583]" page="54" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" year="1935">
<bibRefCitation author="Beier, M." box="[622,754,1556,1583]" journalOrPublisher="Wytsman, Brussels" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" refString="Beier, M. (1935) Genera Insectorum, Vol. 201. Mantodea. Subfamilie: Orthoderinae, Choeradodinae, Deroplatinae. Wytsman, Brussels." title="Genera Insectorum, Vol. 201. Mantodea. Subfamilie: Orthoderinae, Choeradodinae, Deroplatinae" type="book" year="1935">
Beier
<number box="[692,754,1556,1583]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="1935.0">1935</number>
</bibRefCitation>
:
<number box="[769,842,1556,1583]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="54.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="54.0">54–55</number>
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with
<taxonomicName box="[106,228,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Nilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[106,228,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="221">Nilomantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<treatmentCitation author="Paulian, R." box="[250,442,1590,1617]" page="30" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" year="1957">
<bibRefCitation author="Paulian, R." box="[250,402,1590,1617]" journalOrPublisher="Insectes Mantodea. Publications de l'Institut de Recherche Scientifique Tananarive - Tsimbazaza" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" pagination="1 - 102" part="5" refString="Paulian, R. (1957) Faune de Madagascar. Insectes Mantodea. Publications de l'Institut de Recherche Scientifique Tananarive - Tsimbazaza 5: 1 - 102." title="Faune de Madagascar" type="journal article" year="1957">
Paulian
<number box="[340,402,1590,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="1957.0">1957</number>
</bibRefCitation>
:
<number box="[413,442,1591,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="30.0">30</number>
</treatmentCitation>
(resurrected
<taxonomicName box="[587,689,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[587,689,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="221">Ilomantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<treatmentCitation author="Roy, R." box="[712,882,1591,1617]" page="121" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation author="Roy, R." box="[712,826,1591,1617]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" pagination="117 - 125" part="112" refString="Roy, R. (1987) Le peuplement en Mantes des iles situees au large de l'Afrique. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France 112: 117 - 125." title="Le peuplement en Mantes des iles situees au large de l'Afrique" type="journal article" year="1987">
Roy
<number box="[764,826,1591,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="1987.0">1987</number>
</bibRefCitation>
:
<number box="[836,882,1591,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="121.0">121</number>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation author="Ehrmann, R." page="242" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation author="Ehrmann, R." box="[894,1069,1590,1617]" journalOrPublisher="Munster, Natur und Tier Verlag Munster" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" refString="Ehrmann, R. (2002) Mantodea: Gottesanberinnen der Welt. Munster, Natur und Tier Verlag Munster." title="Mantodea: Gottesanberinnen der Welt" type="book" year="2002">
Ehrmann
<number box="[1007,1069,1591,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="2002.0">2002</number>
</bibRefCitation>
:
<number box="[106,153,1625,1651]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="242.0">242</number>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation author="Otte, D. &amp; Spearman, L. A." box="[164,495,1625,1652]" page="120" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation author="Otte, D. &amp; Spearman, L. A." box="[164,437,1625,1652]" journalOrPublisher="Catalog of the mantids of the world" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" part="1" refString="Otte, D. &amp; Spearman, L. A. (2005) Mantida species file. Catalog of the mantids of the world, volume 1. Association of Insect Diversity, Philadelphia, PA." title="Mantida species file" type="journal volume" year="2005">
Otte &amp; Spearman
<number box="[375,437,1625,1652]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="2005.0">2005</number>
</bibRefCitation>
:
<number box="[449,546,1625,1651]" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" value="120.5" valueMax="121.0" valueMin="120.0">120-121</number>
</treatmentCitation>
(re-synonymized with
<taxonomicName box="[807,929,1625,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Nilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="12" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[807,929,1625,1651]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="221">Nilomantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269848/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" targetBox="[147,1015,131,925]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph blockId="13.[98,1066,951,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[98,160,951,973]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
Male genitalic complex of
<taxonomicName box="[419,596,951,972]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis box="[419,596,951,972]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">Ilomantis thalassina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Abbreviations: an, anterior apodeme; ap, anterior process; bm, right arm; L1, L2, L4B, a sub-sclerite of the dorsal sclerotization of the left phallomeric complex; L4A, the ventral sclerotization of the left phallomeric complex; loa, lobo membranoso; paa, apical process; pda, processo distale; pia, piastra ventrale; pva, processo ventrale sclerificato; R1, a sub-sclerite of the right phallomere; R3, a sub-sclerite of the right phallomere. Red lettering indicates structures; black lettering indicates characters. This figure is published in colour in the online edition of this journal, which can be accessed via http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/1876312x.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="222" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="13.[98,222,1179,1204]" box="[98,222,1179,1204]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
<heading box="[98,222,1179,1204]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" reason="1">
<emphasis box="[98,222,1179,1204]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
<typeStatus box="[98,147,1179,1204]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[98,672,1230,1257]" box="[98,672,1230,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
<taxonomicName authority="Saussure, 1899: 593" authorityName="Saussure" authorityPageNumber="593" authorityYear="1899" box="[98,606,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Tropidomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis box="[98,370,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">Tropidomantis thalassina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Saussure, H." box="[377,550,1230,1256]" editor="Voeltzkow, A." journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 1" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" pagination="567 - 664" part="24" refString="Saussure, H. (1899). In: Voeltzkow, A.: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Reisen in Madagaskar und Ostafrika in den Jahren 1889 - 1895. Orthoptera: Mantidae. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 1 (24): 567 - 664." type="journal article" volumeTitle="Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Reisen in Madagaskar und Ostafrika in den Jahren 1889 - 1895. Orthoptera: Mantidae" year="1899">
Saussure,
<number box="[488,550,1230,1256]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" value="1899.0">1899</number>
</bibRefCitation>
:
<number box="[561,668,1230,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" value="593.5" valueMax="594.0" valueMin="593.0">593–594</number>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="222" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="13.[98,202,1292,1317]" box="[98,202,1292,1317]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
<heading box="[98,202,1292,1317]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" reason="1">
<emphasis box="[98,202,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[98,1067,1343,1544]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
Small, slender mantises (body length
<quantity box="[525,693,1343,1370]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0524999999999998" metricValueMax="2.705" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" unit="mm" value="20.525" valueMax="27.05" valueMin="14.0">14–27.05 mm</quantity>
), green to ochre, fully developed wings. Body surface and anterior margin of forewings lightly ciliated. Pronotal medial keel present. Head capsule dorsoventrally compressed. Compound eyes dorsoventrally compressed, laterally conical, blunted. Cranial vertex with a cosinusoidal margin, juxtaocular bulges present; elevation on the vertex in the shape of a truncated pyramid. Lower frons featuring a medially bifurcated carina.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="13.[98,241,1578,1604]" box="[98,241,1578,1604]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
<heading box="[98,241,1578,1604]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" reason="1">
<emphasis box="[98,241,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">Redescription</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[98,1066,1630,1691]" lastBlockId="15.[98,1066,134,230]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="224" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis box="[98,157,1630,1656]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[174,242,1630,1656]" captionStart="Fig. 8" captionStartId="12.[106,139,1140,1162]" captionTargetBox="[155,1023,131,1114]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[155,1024,131,1115]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Illustrations of anterior perspective of the Ilomantis and Nilomantis head (scale bar = 1 mm). (A) Ilomantis thalassina, female; (B) Ilomantis thalassina, male; (C) Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n., female; (D) Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n., male; (E) Nilomantis floweri, female; (F) Nilomantis floweri, male. (B, D, E, F) Ilomantis species feature a cosinusoidal vertical margin, whereas Nilomantis species feature a relatively straight vertical margin. Gray markings on the ocellar tubercle and within the corridors of the frontal sulci represent the presence of reddish-brown markings. LF, lower frons." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269847/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="222">
Fig.
<number box="[226,242,1630,1656]" pageId="13" pageNumber="222" value="8.0">8</number>
</figureCitation>
). Prognathous (based on observed resting position); head capsule wider than long. Juxtaocular bulges present, highlighted by parietal sulci. Head capsule dorsoventrally compressed with likewise compressed, laterally conical compound eyes. Four gently sloping carinal ridges on the vertex (two of which originate from the mid-vertex, the other two originate from the mid-ocular region) converge into an elevation on the postero-medial vertex in the shape of a truncated pyramid, which is bisected apically by the coronal suture. Vertex slightly concave posterior to lateral ocelli. Ocelli of both sexes are situated atop an elevated region; ocelli amber to yellow. Lower frons transverse, featuring a subtle, medially bifurcated sulcus. Clypeus broad, with elevated margins. Labrum rounded anteriorly. Maxillary and labial palpi pale, light green to ochre. Compound eye pigmentation darker than cuticle of the head capsule. Antenna long and filiform, lightly ciliated, tapering to a point, with darkened terminal antennomeres.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269849/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="223" targetBox="[155,1024,131,1220]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph blockId="14.[106,1074,1247,1387]" pageId="14" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,180,1247,1269]" pageId="14" pageNumber="223">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
Male genitalic complex of
<taxonomicName box="[435,618,1248,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="14" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[435,618,1248,1269]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="223">Ilomantis ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[624,668,1248,1269]" pageId="14" pageNumber="223" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A) Right phallomere, ventral sclerotization of the left phallomeric complex, and dorsal (i.e., “left”) sclerotization of the left phallomeric complex (from left to right, respectively); (B, C, D) examples of shape and sclerotization variability present within the anterior process (ap) of L4B. This figure is published in colour in the online edition of this journal, which can be accessed via http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/1876312x.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="15.[98,1067,273,924]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis box="[98,182,273,299]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Thorax.</emphasis>
Pronotum roughly
<number box="[413,448,273,300]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="2.5">2.5</number>
-times longer than wide at supracoxal sulcus dilation, featuring a pronounced medial keel that bisects the anteriorly positioned supracoxal sulcus and terminates at the posterior margin of the metazone (
<figureCitation box="[844,930,342,369]" captionStart="Fig. 11" captionStartId="16.[106,139,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[243,935,131,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[243,937,131,1492]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 11. Illustrations of dorsal perspective of the Ilomantis pronotum (scale bar = 1 mm). (A) Ilomantis thalassina, female; (B) Ilomantis thalassina, male; (C) Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n., female; (D) Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n., male. Ilomantis thalassina exhibits a medial keel that fully traverses the pronotum (A and B); Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n. exhibits a medial keel that originates in the mid-prozone and concludes at the posterior pronotal margin (C and D). MK, medial keel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269850/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
Fig.
<number box="[899,930,343,369]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="11.0">11</number>
</figureCitation>
). Metazone posterior margin elevated into a shelf extending slightly over anterior margin of the mesothorax. Margin of the lateral lamellar expansion of the pronotum is relatively smooth with socketed setae projecting around the perimeter. Region containing pronotal medial keel elevated, sloping down to lateral margins. Thorax medially traversed by a yellow stripe (
<figureCitation box="[306,389,516,542]" captionStart="Fig. 12" captionStartId="17.[98,131,1460,1482]" captionTargetBox="[147,1015,131,1433]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[147,1016,131,1434]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 12. Example of yellow stripe that originates in the posterior half of the ocellar tubercle and traverses the thorax of both Nilomantis and Ilomantis species. Species shown: Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n., male. This figure is published in colour in the online edition of this journal, which can be accessed via http: // booksandjournals. brillonline. com / content / journals / 1876312 x." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269851/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
Fig.
<number box="[357,389,516,542]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="12.0">12</number>
</figureCitation>
). Prozone with bilaterally symmetric sculpting, which tapers to the edge just prior to the lateral margins. Anterior metazone features a slight indentation on either side of the medial keel. Cervix bears lateral cervical sclerites and intercervical sclerites; ventral cervical sclerites absent. Lateral cervical sclerite anterior margin extends just past the anterior margin of the prozone and is lightly ciliated. Postcervical plate and exposed thoracic membrane is contained within the boundaries of the intercervical sclerites and the episternum, with either a broad or narrow hexagonal shape (
<figureCitation box="[216,298,758,785]" captionStart="Fig. 13" captionStartId="18.[106,139,1269,1291]" captionTargetBox="[155,1024,131,1244]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[155,1024,131,1244]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 13. Illustrations of ventral perspective of the Ilomantis cervix (scale bar = 1 mm). (A) Ilomantis thalassina, female; (B) Ilomantis thalassina, male; (C) Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n., female; (D) Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n., male. The postcervical plate and exposed thoracic membrane are contained within the boundaries of the intercervical sclerites and the episternum, with either a broad (Ilomantis thalassina, A and B) or narrow (Ilomantis ginsburgae sp. n., C and D) hexagonal shape. Abbreviations: eps, episternum; etm, exposed thoracic membrane; ics, intercervical sclerite; lcs, lateral cervical sclerite; pcpl, postcervical plate; tss, T-shaped sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269852/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
Fig.
<number box="[266,298,759,785]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="13.0">13</number>
</figureCitation>
). A furcasternal tubercle projects medially at the base of the T-shaped sclerite, posterior to the prothoracic coxae, surfaced with setation (
<figureCitation box="[852,936,793,819]" captionStart="Fig. 14" captionStartId="19.[98,131,607,629]" captionTargetBox="[365,799,131,582]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[365,800,131,582]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 14. Oblique ventral view of the furcasternal tubercle (FT) located medially at the base of the T-shaped sclerite, posterior to the prothoracic coxae. Arrow indicates FT. Species shown: Nilomantis floweri, male. This figure is published in colour in the online edition of this journal, which can be accessed via http: // booksandjournals. brillonline. com / content / journals / 1876312 x." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269853/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
Fig.
<number box="[904,936,793,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="14.0">14</number>
</figureCitation>
). DK hearing organ present on metathoracic ventral surface (see
<bibRefCitation author="Yager, D. D. &amp; Svenson, G. J." box="[737,1023,828,854]" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" pagination="541 - 568" part="94" refString="Yager, D. D. &amp; Svenson, G. J. (2008) Patterns of praying mantis auditory system evolution based on morphological, molecular, neurophysiological, and behavioural data. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 94: 541 - 568." title="Patterns of praying mantis auditory system evolution based on morphological, molecular, neurophysiological, and behavioural data" type="journal article" year="2008">
Yager &amp; Svenson (
<number box="[954,1015,828,854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="2008.0">2008</number>
)
</bibRefCitation>
for hearing organ description). Wings of both sexes well developed, extending beyond base of terminalia, hyaline to opaque; variably ciliated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[98,1067,966,1374]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis box="[98,268,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Prothoracic legs</emphasis>
. Lightly ciliated. Forecoxae long, extending past the base of the pronotum; postero- and anteroventral margins with socketed setae; apical lobes squared, convergent. Forefemora feature relatively straight dorsal margins that narrow distally. Posteroventral femoral spines robust and darkened apically, interspersed with cilia and a row of crenulation. Genicular lobes of the femora each with a slightly curved spine. Tibial spur groove lies between first discoidal spine and the first anteroventral femoral spine. Anteroventral femoral spines alternate between short and long, darkened apically. Second discoidal spine significantly longer than the first and third. Posteroventral and anteroventral tibial spines gradually elongating towards the tibial spur, darkening apically, interspersed with cilia. Tarsi
<number box="[717,730,1278,1305]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="5.0">5</number>
-segmented, ciliated, with an enlarged penultimate euplantulae; darkened ungues.
<emphasis box="[777,793,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">F</emphasis>
=
<number box="[809,821,1313,1339]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="3.0">3</number>
DS/
<number box="[869,937,1313,1339]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="11.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="11.0">11–12</number>
AvS/
<number box="[999,1014,1313,1339]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="4.0">4</number>
PvS;
<emphasis box="[98,117,1349,1374]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">T</emphasis>
=
<number box="[133,203,1348,1374]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="12.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="10.0">10–14</number>
AvS/
<number box="[265,321,1348,1374]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="11.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="9.0">9–14</number>
PvS.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[98,1066,1417,1548]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis box="[98,424,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Meso- and metathoracic legs.</emphasis>
Lightly ciliated across surface with increased ciliation density distally. Femoral carina on the posteroventral margin; femoral genicular lobes lacking spines. Tibiae tubular with an apical lobe and two apical spurs. Tarsi
<number box="[98,111,1521,1548]" pageId="15" pageNumber="224" value="5.0">5</number>
-segmented, ciliated, with an enlarged penultimate euplantulae; darkened ungues.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[98,1066,1590,1686]" lastBlockId="19.[98,1066,810,1011]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis box="[98,198,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="224">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Smooth, surface ciliated. Segmentation of tergites straightly traversing the abdomen. Female supra-anal plate triangular, ciliated; narrower than the subgenital plate. Female subgenital plate posterior margin bifid, ciliated, narrowing towards the terminus; cerci long, filiform, tapering. Male supra-anal plate triangular, ciliated; narrower than subgenital plate. Male subgenital plate approximately rounded at the terminus; cerci long, compressed, tapering; styli short. Female genitalia: gonoplac (GL) features a rectangular dilation on the anteroventral margin; gonapophysis IX (GP) apex approximately mammiform to rounded. Male genitalia: lobo membranoso (loa) lightly sclerotized and without apical crenulation; processo distale (pda) narrow and rounded apically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269850/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" targetBox="[243,935,131,1491]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph blockId="16.[106,1074,1517,1657]" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,182,1517,1539]" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">Fig. 11.</emphasis>
Illustrations of dorsal perspective of the
<taxonomicName box="[570,652,1517,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[570,652,1517,1538]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">Ilomantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pronotum (scale bar = 1 mm). (A)
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">Ilomantis thalassina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female; (B)
<taxonomicName box="[311,484,1547,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis box="[311,484,1547,1568]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">Ilomantis thalassina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male; (C)
<taxonomicName box="[591,771,1547,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[591,771,1547,1568]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">Ilomantis ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[777,822,1547,1568]" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, female; (D)
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">Ilomantis ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[171,216,1577,1598]" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male.
<taxonomicName box="[283,456,1576,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis box="[283,456,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">Ilomantis thalassina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits a medial keel that fully traverses the pronotum (A and B);
<taxonomicName box="[106,287,1605,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[106,287,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="225">Ilomantis ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[295,339,1606,1627]" pageId="16" pageNumber="225" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
exhibits a medial keel that originates in the mid-prozone and concludes at the posterior pronotal margin (C and D). MK, medial keel.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269851/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="226" targetBox="[147,1015,131,1433]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph blockId="17.[98,1066,1460,1570]" pageId="17" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[98,173,1460,1482]" pageId="17" pageNumber="226">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
Example of yellow stripe that originates in the posterior half of the ocellar tubercle and traverses the thorax of both
<taxonomicName box="[342,446,1489,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Nilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[342,446,1489,1510]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="226">Nilomantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[494,581,1489,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[494,581,1489,1510]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="226">Ilomantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Species shown:
<taxonomicName box="[816,1007,1489,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[816,1007,1489,1510]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="226">Ilomantis ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1014,1062,1490,1511]" pageId="17" pageNumber="226" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male. This figure is published in colour in the online edition of this journal, which can be accessed via http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/1876312x.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269852/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" targetBox="[155,1024,131,1244]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph blockId="18.[106,1074,1269,1468]" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[106,179,1269,1291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
Illustrations of ventral perspective of the
<taxonomicName box="[563,646,1270,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[563,646,1270,1291]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">Ilomantis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cervix (scale bar = 1 mm). (A)
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">Ilomantis thalassina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female; (B)
<taxonomicName box="[259,435,1299,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis box="[259,435,1299,1320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">Ilomantis thalassina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male; (C)
<taxonomicName box="[538,721,1299,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[538,721,1299,1320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">Ilomantis ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[725,772,1300,1321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, female; (D)
<taxonomicName box="[891,1074,1299,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[891,1074,1299,1320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">Ilomantis ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[106,152,1329,1350]" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male. The postcervical plate and exposed thoracic membrane are contained within the boundaries of the intercervical sclerites and the episternum, with either a broad (
<taxonomicName box="[765,944,1358,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis box="[765,944,1358,1379]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">Ilomantis thalassina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, A and B) or narrow (
<taxonomicName box="[189,376,1387,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[189,376,1387,1408]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="227">Ilomantis ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[385,432,1388,1409]" pageId="18" pageNumber="227" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, C and D) hexagonal shape. Abbreviations: eps, episternum; etm, exposed thoracic membrane; ics, intercervical sclerite; lcs, lateral cervical sclerite; pcpl, postcervical plate; tss, T-shaped sclerite.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269853/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" targetBox="[365,799,131,582]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph blockId="19.[98,1066,607,718]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[98,177,607,629]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
Oblique ventral view of the furcasternal tubercle (FT) located medially at the base of the T-shaped sclerite, posterior to the prothoracic coxae. Arrow indicates FT. Species shown:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Nilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floweri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">Nilomantis floweri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male. This figure is published in colour in the online edition of this journal, which can be accessed via http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/1876312x.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="228" type="key">
<paragraph blockId="19.[98,595,1087,1114]" box="[98,595,1087,1114]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">
<heading bold="true" box="[98,595,1087,1114]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[98,595,1087,1114]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">
Key to
<taxonomicName authority="Giglio-Tos, 1915" authorityName="Giglio-Tos" authorityYear="1915" box="[184,506,1087,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[184,298,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">Ilomantis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Giglio-Tos, E." box="[305,506,1087,1113]" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" pagination="1 - 16" part="30" refString="Giglio-Tos, E. (1915) Mantidi esotici. VIII. Acromantinae. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino 30: 1 - 16." title="Mantidi esotici. VIII. Acromantinae" type="journal article" year="1915">
Giglio-Tos,
<number box="[445,506,1087,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" value="1915.0">1915</number>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="19.[98,1066,1140,1270]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">
<number box="[98,114,1140,1166]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" value="1.0">1</number>
. Medial keel of pronotum originates from the anterior margin of prozone. The lower frons features a latitudinal, medially bifurcated sulcus that traverses the anterior margin of the sclerite. Postcervical plate and exposed thoracic membrane broadly framed by the intercervical sclerites and episternum.
<taxonomicName box="[957,1064,1244,1270]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalassina">
<emphasis box="[957,1064,1244,1270]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">thalassina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="19.[98,1066,1313,1444]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">
<number box="[98,113,1313,1339]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" value="1.0">1</number>
’. Medial keel of pronotum originates from the mid-prozone. The lower frons features a latitudinal, medially bifid sulcus that traverses the anterior region of the sclerite, but not across the anterior margin. Postcervical plate and exposed thoracic membrane narrowly framed by the intercervical sclerites and episternum.
<taxonomicName box="[896,1007,1417,1443]" class="Insecta" family="Iridopterygidae" genus="Ilomantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ginsburgae" status="sp.n.">
<emphasis box="[896,1007,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="228">ginsburgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1013,1066,1418,1444]" pageId="19" pageNumber="228" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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