304 lines
36 KiB
XML
304 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="813FAE80C5014F62BBB74A9A675EE8AF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.179122" ID-GBIF-Dataset="316ed56f-f327-4129-a3de-c19c2d6cc37b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="179122" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459938721091" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kondo, Takumasa & Gullan, Penny J." docDate="2007" docId="0397AD19FFB5FF98C6CDF91D42436AFE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01617p041.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1617" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paratachardina theae Green" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="FFAED561FF95FFBBC65AFFAF412D692C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of the lac insect genus Paratachardina Balachowsky (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Kerriidae), with a revised key to genera of Kerriidae and description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1698230318835" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A6DC592AAA1DCAD01B635D499CBF300E">
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<mods:title id="AC2910A04EE67D808F4F43CB1F42B3FE">Taxonomic review of the lac insect genus Paratachardina Balachowsky (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Kerriidae), with a revised key to genera of Kerriidae and description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5882F7E8F04AC615EB5427771ED8C4E4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="53E53E2A3A9BC80C790F1C1DC72B5368">Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="D978945365105EDDD8A72743844B83F6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="97F112BEEB10D837042EB97E6B709210">Gullan, Penny J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8D0407665D507E3198B975C09D4AEE30">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A40EBD8329947A81997679C8B21A2639">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7A1475B828138C59615877363A6B10D0">
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<mods:date id="58FDDE4BA5F14CDAACC1294ABC0066A8">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="EC70E774F3A26B7C77CED8A2DB286201" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="74E09F1CE03658B0F353C46A940E0E3F">1617</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D12B6F863F22617C3B76A3F3FE4E29E5">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="2939BBF4A8172799AC9D80D7955F1DA3">41</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="1E8BFB3BE58FD68190F153D286453443" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.179122</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3E6BC97F91AB455FE5B882A7AF99AFDF" type="GBIF-Dataset">316ed56f-f327-4129-a3de-c19c2d6cc37b</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D7B17ED6525BF3E3256E4A662992EF49" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A94EE45A5EBAC1877206748B5C6D63BE" type="Zenodo-Dep">179122</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0397AD19FFB5FF98C6CDF91D42436AFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6247492" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119375695" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6247492" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0397AD19FFB5FF98C6CDF91D42436AFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0397AD19FFB5FF98C6CDF91D42436AFE" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="C3244F84FFB5FF9BC6CDF91D40476FC3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB5FF9BC6CDF91D432B6FE0" blockId="32.[151,518,1714,1775]" box="[151,518,1714,1740]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0C9AB63FFB5FF9BC6CDF91D432B6FE0" bold="true" box="[151,518,1714,1740]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB5FF9BC6CDF91D432B6FE0" ID-CoL="75QD6" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" box="[151,518,1714,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Paratachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
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||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB5FF9BC6CDF91D432B6FE0" bold="true" box="[151,518,1714,1740]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB5FF9BC6CDF91D40B06FE0" bold="true" box="[151,413,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Paratachardina theae</emphasis>
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||
(Green)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB5FF9BC6CDF97A40476FC3" blockId="32.[151,518,1714,1775]" box="[151,362,1749,1775]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="1305008AFFB5FF9BC6C5F97A41C46FC3" box="[159,233,1749,1775]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1675,1699]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,535,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,514,1651]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Tests of Paratachardina spp. A, P. decorella, adult female, from W. M. Maskell's dry material; B, P. pseudolobata sp. nov., adult female, ex mango, type material; C, P. pseudolobata sp. nov., adult female after removal of test (al, anterior lobe; pl, posterior lobe; for other abbreviations see Glossary); D, P. silvestri, adult female, ex sandalwood tree, type material; E, P. mahdihassani sp. nov., adult female, type material; F, P. minuta, three adult females with three first-instar nymphs near their bases, type material; G, P. t e r n a t a, adult female, type material; H, P. thea e, two semifused adult females and two male pupae below, type material; I, P. t h e a e, adult females from China (note smoother texture of each ridge of test) (Photos: A, Rosa Henderson, B – I, T. Kondo)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179124/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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H & I, 12)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3244F84FFB5FF9BC6CDF88A43E46E90" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB5FF9BC6CDF88A43696E50" blockId="32.[151,967,1829,1980]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2E3B21FFB5FF9BC6CDF88A43696E50" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB5FF9BC6CDF88A40D86E10" ID-CoL="5LDNC" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" box="[151,501,1829,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="decorella" subSpecies="theae">
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<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB5FF9BC6CDF88A40836E10" box="[151,430,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tachardia decorella theae</emphasis>
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Green
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9F3A1EFFB5FF9BC44DF88A42196E10" author="Green" box="[535,820,1829,1852]" page="348" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1907">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF61FEFFB5FF9BC44DF88A43D26E10" author="Green" box="[535,767,1829,1852]" pageId="32" pageNumber="40" refString="Green, E. E. & Mann, H. H. (1907) The Coccidae attacking the tea plant in India and Ceylon. Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture in India, Entomological Series, 1, 337 - 355." type="journal article" year="1907">
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Green &
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<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB5FF9BC420F88A43966E10" box="[634,699,1829,1852]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mann</collectingCountry>
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, 1907
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 348
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB5FF9BC6CDF8EA40D16E70" ID-CoL="7BCBB" authority="Green & Mann" authorityName="Green & Mann" box="[151,508,1861,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
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<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB5FF9BC6CDF8EA407D6E70" box="[151,336,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tachardina theae</emphasis>
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Green &
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<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB5FF9BC7E0F8EA40D16E70" box="[442,508,1861,1884]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mann</collectingCountry>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9F3A1EFFB5FF9BC45CF8EA422D6E70" author="Chamberlin" box="[518,768,1861,1884]" page="210" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1923">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF61FEFFB5FF9BC45CF8EA43E76E70" author="Chamberlin" box="[518,714,1861,1884]" pageId="32" pageNumber="39" refString="Chamberlin, J. C. (1923) A systematic monograph of the Tachardiinae or lac insects (Coccidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 14, 147 - 212." type="journal article" year="1923">Chamberlin, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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: 210
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Incorrect authors.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB5FF9BC6CDF8CA40516E50" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" box="[151,380,1893,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Laccifer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
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<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB5FF9BC6CDF8CA401D6E50" box="[151,304,1893,1916]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Laccifer theae</emphasis>
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Green
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9F3A1EFFB5FF9BC7DCF8CA436D6E50" author="Misra" box="[390,576,1893,1916]" page="161" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1930">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF61FEFFB5FF9BC7DCF8CA43276E50" author="Misra" box="[390,522,1893,1916]" pageId="32" pageNumber="40" refString="Misra, A. B. (1930) On a collection of lac insects from northern India. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 21, 161 - 164." type="journal article" year="1930">
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<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB5FF9BC7DCF8CA40EA6E50" box="[390,455,1893,1916]" name="Egypt" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Misra</collectingCountry>
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, 1930
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 161
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB5FF9BC6CDF82A43E46E90" blockId="32.[151,967,1829,1980]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2E3B21FFB5FF9BC6CDF82A43E46E90" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB5FF9BC6CDF82A430D6EB0" ID-CoL="7BCBB" authority="Green and Mann" authorityName="Green and Mann" box="[151,544,1925,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
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||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB5FF9BC6CDF82A407D6EB0" box="[151,336,1925,1948]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tachardina theae</emphasis>
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(Green and
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<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB5FF9BC78FF82A43356EB0" box="[469,536,1925,1948]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mann</collectingCountry>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9F3A1EFFB5FF9BC470F82A43F76EB0" author="Kapur" box="[554,730,1925,1948]" page="40" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1958">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF61FEFFB5FF9BC470F82A439F6EB0" author="Kapur" box="[554,690,1925,1948]" pageId="32" pageNumber="40" refString="Kapur, A. P. (1958) A Catalogue of the Lac Insects (Lacciferidae, Hemiptera). Lac Cess Commission, Ranchi, India, 47 pp." type="book" year="1958">Kapur, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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: 40
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
. Incorrect authors.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB5FF9BC6CDF80A40F06E90" ID-CoL="75QD6" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" box="[151,477,1957,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Paratachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
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<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB5FF9BC6CDF80A40AC6E90" box="[151,385,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Paratachardina theae</emphasis>
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(Green)
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</taxonomicName>
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; Varshney, 1968: 489.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3244F84FFB4FF99C6CDFF3841F36CA6" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB4FF9AC6CDFF384547687E" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,338]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB4FF9AC6CDFF384318699D" bold="true" box="[151,565,151,177]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<typeStatus id="5485A2ADFFB4FF9AC6CDFF3841F9699D" box="[151,212,151,177]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material studied.
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<typeStatus id="5485A2ADFFB4FF9AC7E7FF384302699D" box="[445,559,151,177]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Adult females.
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<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB4FF9AC4ADFF38427A699D" bold="true" box="[759,855,151,177]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB4FF9AC4ADFF38427F699D" box="[759,850,151,177]" name="India" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">INDIA</collectingCountry>
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||
:
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</emphasis>
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Darjeeling, ex tea plant, from E.E. Green 1918, 2(3) (BME); Darjeeling, ex tea plant, date not given, coll. H.H.
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<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB4FF9AC5D1FF6F42FF69F6" box="[907,978,192,218]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mann</collectingCountry>
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||
, No. 8972, E.E. Green, dry material in small box (BME); same label data except newly slide-mounted by TK 2007 from dry material No. 8972, 2(2) (BME); Darjeeling, ex tea plant, date not given, coll. H.H.
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB4FF9AC500FEBF428C6806" box="[858,929,272,298]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mann</collectingCountry>
|
||
, from E.E. Green 1918, G.F. Ferris collection, dry material in small box (BME). [See 'Notes' for discussion of
|
||
<typeStatus id="5485A2ADFFB4FF9AC5E4FE9742DC687E" box="[958,1009,312,338]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF414C87FFB4FF9AC6CDF8E042246E4A" box="[151,777,1871,1895]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179133/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[196,1394,404,1863]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB4FF9AC6CDF8E042246E4A" blockId="33.[151,777,1871,1895]" box="[151,777,1871,1895]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB4FF9AC6CDF8E0400B6E4B" bold="true" box="[151,294,1871,1895]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB4FF9AC777F8FF435E6E4A" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" box="[301,627,1871,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Paratachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB4FF9AC777F8FF433A6E4B" box="[301,535,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Paratachardina theae</emphasis>
|
||
(Green)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, adult female.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
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<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB4FF99C69CF83542CE69F6" blockId="33.[151,1436,1946,2012]" lastBlockId="34.[151,1437,151,2020]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB4FF9AC69CF835434B6E98" bold="true" box="[198,614,1946,1972]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Other material studied.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB4FF9AC7A0F835434C6E98" box="[506,609,1946,1972]" name="China" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Canton [now Guangzhou], Lingnan University,
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||
<date id="FF803ACFFFB4FF9AC2F0F835440E6E98" box="[1194,1315,1946,1972]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1948-10-20">20.x.1948</date>
|
||
, coll. G.F. Ferris, Ferris field number 12, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB4FF9AC47AF86D42086EF7" box="[544,805,1986,2011]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Photinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="benthamiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB4FF9AC47AF86D42086EF7" box="[544,805,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Photinia benthamiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, slide-mounted by PJG 2006 from BME dry material, 15(15) (BME).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB7FF99C717FF384080699D" bold="true" box="[333,429,151,177]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB7FF99C717FF384085699D" box="[333,424,151,177]" name="India" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Darjeeling, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB7FF99C43BFF374211699D" box="[609,828,152,177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cinchona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calisaya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB7FF99C43BFF374211699D" box="[609,828,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Cinchona calisaya</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, date not given, coll. H.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB7FF99C201FF37458F699E" box="[1115,1186,152,178]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Mann</collectingCountry>
|
||
, No. 8971, from E.E. Green, G.F. Ferris collection, dry material in small box and 8(8) (BME).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB7FF99C69CFF47404D682E" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2020]" box="[198,352,232,258]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Adult female</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB7FF99C69CFEA040526B36" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2020]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB7FF99C69CFEA040FD6805" bold="true" box="[198,464,271,297]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Unmounted material</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1305008AFFB7FF99C7BEFEBF43006806" box="[484,557,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1675,1699]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,535,1629]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,514,1651]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Tests of Paratachardina spp. A, P. decorella, adult female, from W. M. Maskell's dry material; B, P. pseudolobata sp. nov., adult female, ex mango, type material; C, P. pseudolobata sp. nov., adult female after removal of test (al, anterior lobe; pl, posterior lobe; for other abbreviations see Glossary); D, P. silvestri, adult female, ex sandalwood tree, type material; E, P. mahdihassani sp. nov., adult female, type material; F, P. minuta, three adult females with three first-instar nymphs near their bases, type material; G, P. t e r n a t a, adult female, type material; H, P. thea e, two semifused adult females and two male pupae below, type material; I, P. t h e a e, adult females from China (note smoother texture of each ridge of test) (Photos: A, Rosa Henderson, B – I, T. Kondo)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179124/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
H & I). Test of adult female brown, convex, subcircular, with about 16 smooth and well defined ridges or often poorly defined nodulose ridges, with test of first-instar nymph present centrally on adult test, either inconspicuous or slightly purplish-brown to wine red in colour, often with a small orifice to one end of incorporated first-instar test. Tests of adult females becoming fused when crowded. The test of specimens on tea plant are apparently more nodulose, with Indian specimens collected on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB7FF99C332FE1F406668DD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cinchona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calisaya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB7FF99C332FE1F406668DD" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Cinchona calisaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Chinese specimens collected on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB7FF99C54BFE77453768DD" box="[785,1050,472,497]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Photinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="benthamiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB7FF99C54BFE77453768DD" box="[785,1050,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Photinia benthamiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having a smoother texture with well defined ridges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB7FF99C69CFD8844206B46" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2020]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB7FF99C69CFD8840866B6D" bold="true" box="[198,427,551,577]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Mounted material</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1305008AFFB7FF99C7E6FD8743206B6E" box="[444,525,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1871,1895]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,404,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[166,1421,376,1865]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 12. Paratachardina theae (Green), adult female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/179133/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig.12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body outline broadly pyriform, slightly trilobate to transversely oval, often with a constriction at anterior stigmatic areas. Body
|
||
<quantity id="4CC6B1EAFFB7FF99C4A1FDFF42A56B46" box="[763,904,592,618]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC6B1EAFFB7FF99C588FDFF454D6B46" box="[978,1120,592,618]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (n = 28).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB7FF99C69DFDD841F36CA6" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2020]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB7FF99C69DFDD8401E6BBD" bold="true" box="[199,307,631,657]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Dorsum.</emphasis>
|
||
Brachia membranous, becoming slightly sclerotized at maturity, short, less than about half length of a brachial plate. Brachial plates subcircular to oblong, often with an irregular outline, each plate 90– 100 µm long, 65–83 µm wide; brachial crater very shallow, with a subcircular group of 40–50 pseudospines on narrower side of plate; with 5–10 brachial pores just anterior to group of pseudospines, each pore with 5- loculi; with about one seta on each side of pseudospine group and on apex near narrower side of plate. Anterior spiracles each 55–78 µm long, peritreme 38–43 µm wide, surrounded by a sclerotized area 108–150 µm long and 70–85 µm wide; with a group of 5–12 pores within spiracular sclerotization around peritreme, each pore 3–4 µm wide, deeply embedded within sclerotization; canella represented by a group of 17–30 canellar pores on area just outside spiracular sclerotization; canellar pores each ca 4 µm wide, mostly with 5 loculi. Dorsal spine well-developed, 83–103 µm long, 68–83 µm wide at base, with an opening at apex; membranous pedicel of dorsal spine well developed, as long as or longer than dorsal spine and almost as wide as length of dorsal spine. Anal tubercle well developed, tapering, highly sclerotized; pre-anal plate plus supra-anal plate, 185–230 µm long, 200–225 µm at widest point, pre-anal plate with a fibrous texture, supra-anal plate with a granular texture. With a pair or round outpockets of membranous cuticle with a reticulate surface between area surrounded by anal tubercle, dorsal spine and pre-anal lobes. Pygidial apodemes absent. Anal fringe incomplete, composed of 4 plates, each plate 30–80 µm long and 5–23 µm wide, serrated or at least with some teeth. Anal ring 50–53 µm wide, tip of setae surpassing anal fringe. Microducts scarce, present marginally and submarginally, each 3 µm wide. Spermatoid ducts: 1–2 associated with most microducts. Dorsal setae each 10–20 µm long marginally or submarginally, with longer setae, each 20–30 µm long, lateral to pygidial apodeme.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3244F84FFB7FF98C69DFA38421C682E" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB7FF98C69DFA38421C682E" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,2020]" lastBlockId="35.[151,1437,152,978]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB7FF99C69DFA3840306C9D" bold="true" box="[199,285,1431,1457]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Venter.</emphasis>
|
||
Antennae 93–125 µm long, 3 segmented, segmentation poorly defined, with a sclerotizated area delineating each segment, 2 longer setae and 2 or 3 shorter setae on sclerotized area at apex of terminal segment. Clypeolabral shield 148–175 µm long, 90–115 µm wide. Labium apparently 1 segmented, 50–68 µm long, 55–65 µm wide. Pre-oral lobes elongate, poorly developed, present along margins of clypeolabral shield on each side; post-oral lobes present, dome shaped, somewhat pointed, with microtrichia. Legs completely absent. Posterior spiracles each 43–48 µm long, peritremes each 25–28 µm wide, with 9–15 spiracular pores present around each spiracle, each pore 3–4 µm wide, mostly with 5 loculi. Marginal duct clusters (mdc) distinct, subcircular,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC6B1EAFFB7FF99C731F91F40846FE6" box="[363,425,1712,1738]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="in" value="16.0">16 in</quantity>
|
||
total: 2 on each side of anterior lobe between antennae, and 6 on each posterior lobe between antennae and posterior body apex. Each mdc composed of 2
|
||
<typeStatus id="5485A2ADFFB7FF99C5A9F977451C6FDE" box="[1011,1073,1752,1778]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of microducts: medium-sized microducts, elongate oval, each ca. 4.0–4.5 µm wide, most abundant, making bulk of each marginal duct cluster, also in an outer loose single row present around half circumference of a mdc; large-sized microducts subcircular, each 5–6 µm wide, present on inner areas of each cluster. Ventral duct clusters present in loose subcircular or irregular groups, all composed of medium-sized microducts, 6 or 7 pairs in total: 1 pair on head region (vdc-1) and 5 or 6 pairs of clusters posterior to antennae, when 7th pair (vdc-7) present, then represented by 1–3 pores. Microducts outside ventral and marginal duct clusters smallest, each ca. 3.0 µm wide, present marginally and submarginally, abundant particularly around marginal duct clusters. Spermatoid ducts: 1 or 2 ducts associated with each microduct. Ventral setae usually 6–10 µm long, with longer setae, each 10–15 µm long, present on abdomen between vulva and body apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3244F84FFB6FF98C69DFEA042436AFE" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB6FF98C69DFEA043116B36" blockId="35.[151,1437,152,978]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C69DFEA0406A6805" bold="true" box="[199,327,271,297]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C708FEBF437A6805" box="[338,599,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Paratachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C708FEBF437A6805" box="[338,599,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paratachardina theae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by the following features: (i) lac test with about 16 poorly to well defined longitudinal ridges, each ridge smooth or with a nodulose texture; (ii) a subcircular group of 40–50 pseudospines on narrower part of each brachial plate; (iii) pedicel of dorsal spine as long as or longer than spine, with a constriction at its base; (iv) rather long membranous brachia; and (v) 6 or 7 pairs of ventral duct clusters present in loose subcircular or irregular groups. This species is indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C3DCFE1F41C768DD" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Paratachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithila">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C3DCFE1F41C768DD" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. mithila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at this point (see 'Notes' under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C43BFE7743FF68DD" box="[609,722,472,497]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Paratachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithila">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C43BFE7743FF68DD" box="[609,722,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. mithila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C5CDFE77452568DD" box="[919,1032,472,497]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Paratachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithila">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C5CDFE77452568DD" box="[919,1032,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. mithila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C242FE77455C68DD" box="[1048,1137,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. t h e a e</emphasis>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C30EFE7741E66B35" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. t e r - nata</emphasis>
|
||
(see 'Diagnosis' for
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C7E3FDAF430A6B35" box="[441,551,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. t e r n a t a</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B811C0FFFB6FF98C69DFD8842436AFE" blockId="35.[151,1437,152,978]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C69DFD8840396B6D" bold="true" box="[199,276,551,577]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
The transfer of this species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C4CBFD8742666B6D" box="[657,843,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Paratachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C4CBFD8742666B6D" box="[657,843,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paratachardina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was by Varshney (1968), not
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF61FEFFB6FF98C2E1FD8741C86B46" author="Varshney" pageId="35" pageNumber="41" refString="Varshney, R. K. & Teotia, T. P. S. (1968) A supplementary list of the host-plant of lac insects. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 64, 488 - 511." type="journal article" year="1968">Varshney & Teotia (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as listed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF61FEFFB6FF98C72FFDFF43166B46" author="Ben-Dov" box="[373,571,592,618]" pageId="35" pageNumber="39" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (2006) A systematic catalogue of eight scale insect families (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the world: Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Beesoniidae, Carayonemidae, Conchaspididae, Dactylopiidae, Kerriidae and Lecanodiaspididae. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 368 pp." type="book" year="2006">Ben-Dov (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Although the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5485A2ADFFB6FF98C4B0FDFF42306B46" box="[746,797,592,618]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
|
||
depository for this species is listed only as BMNH in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF61FEFFB6FF98C6CDFDD740776BBE" author="Ben-Dov" box="[151,346,632,658]" pageId="35" pageNumber="39" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (2006) A systematic catalogue of eight scale insect families (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the world: Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Beesoniidae, Carayonemidae, Conchaspididae, Dactylopiidae, Kerriidae and Lecanodiaspididae. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 368 pp." type="book" year="2006">Ben-Dov (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we consider that the specimens deposited at BME are syntypic since they match the host, the main locality and the collector given in the original description of the species (i.e., on tea plants in Darjeeling in
|
||
<date id="FF803ACFFFB6FF98C6EFFD6740496BCE" box="[181,356,712,738]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1907-02">February 1907</date>
|
||
, by H.H.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB6FF98C782FD67430C6BCE" box="[472,545,712,738]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Mann</collectingCountry>
|
||
), and were sent by its author E. E. Green to G. F. Ferris and originally were labelled as "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C774FD5F43906A26" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" box="[302,701,752,778]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="decorella" subSpecies="theae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C774FD5F43456A25" box="[302,616,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tachardia decorella theae</emphasis>
|
||
Green
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" or "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C55BFD5F42C26A25" box="[769,1007,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C55BFD5F42C26A25" box="[769,1007,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tachardia decorella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C5A1FD5F458E6A26" authority="Gr." authorityName="Gr." box="[1019,1187,752,778]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="decorella" variety="theae">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C26BFD5F455D6A25" box="[1073,1136,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">theae</emphasis>
|
||
Gr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" although the genus name was subsequently edited to "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C466FCB743EC6A1D" box="[572,705,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C466FCB743EC6A1D" box="[572,705,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tachardina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
", presumably by Chamberlin, who initialled the slide labels "JCC". Furthermore, a small box containing lac insects labelled as "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C5E9FCEF45C26A76" authority="Mask." authorityName="Mask." box="[947,1263,832,858]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C5E9FCEF45B26A75" box="[947,1183,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tachardia decorella</emphasis>
|
||
Mask.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C370FCEF41D46AAD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cinchona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calisaya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C370FCEF41D46AAD" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Cinchona calisaya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Darjeeling,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3295C9FFFB6FF98C7C1FCC740FA6AAE" box="[411,471,872,898]" name="India" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
/ from the Govt.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C4FFFCC742386AAE" box="[677,789,872,898]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cinchona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cinchona</taxonomicName>
|
||
Station / 8971, EEG", listed in the original description as the typical form (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3E678CFFB6FF98C7F1FC3F43BB6A85" box="[427,662,912,937]" class="Insecta" family="Kerriidae" genus="Tachardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94AC01DFFB6FF98C7F1FC3F43BB6A85" box="[427,662,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tachardia decorella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), is deposited in the BME collection. We have not examined specimens in the BMNH and thus have not designated a
|
||
<typeStatus id="5485A2ADFFB6FF98C4A1FC1742476AFE" box="[763,874,952,978]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |