145 lines
14 KiB
XML
145 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="FCDB965AEF4B88FD1730860E84669869" ID-DOI="10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1" ID-ISSN="1536-9307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13237351" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1721353212353" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Soleglad, Michael E. & Fet, Victor" docDate="2003" docId="038A87D5D72FF52AFF615D1DFE78502C" docLanguage="en" docName="Euscorpius.11.1-175.pdf" docOrigin="Euscorpius 2003 (11)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A.3:Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A" docStyleName="Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Chactini Pocock 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="96" masterDocId="FFB3FFADD74CF549FFA15E77FFB0560F" masterDocTitle="High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni)" masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="96" updateTime="1722954143772" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9A3E3FD158A6F162254D5F83543B3FD0">High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8789A681ECC79F4680AED19372930153">Soleglad, Michael E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="95250ED35C19E775D071981F4CA0BB76">Fet, Victor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="136FD20AE649E206207E55DA2AF4E375">Euscorpius</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0D2E84D847CAD6D5201BC9BDB93555B7">
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<mods:date id="0CB9E1816D091A16D7ED8323D57D23E3">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A99753B73A8E4ABAFD5E0539E4F0009F">2003-12-26</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E3A785E8CB469FC24A88AFDE47D0E76F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F514DB016467C02D6585E7FB568B5D14">2003</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1876A11C93C20779522DE47B5D01E075">11</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="2C15D8E74974E4ECE44F898D4CD84B99">http://dx.doi.org/10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="B8764DA38BCA1B20AC06E1E6398E15A6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5527EC1E99DEDB3182B25585CF73618F" type="DOI">10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CBEE4C243289F14DC39421E6B0F3C8A9" type="ISSN">1536-9307</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038A87D5D72FF52AFF615D1DFE78502C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12785201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12785201" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87D5D72FF52AFF615D1DFE78502C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A87D5D72FF52AFF615D1DFE78502C" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D72FF52AFF615D1DFDB3558E" box="[192,515,874,897]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D72FF52AFF615D1DFDB3558E" blockId="99.[192,802,874,1571]" box="[192,515,874,897]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<heading id="D0D481AFD72FF52AFF615D1DFDB3558E" box="[192,515,874,897]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFF615D1DFDB3558E" bold="true" box="[192,515,874,897]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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Tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D72FF52AFEA75D1DFDB3558E" authority="Pocock, 1893" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1893" box="[262,515,874,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Chactini">
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Chactini
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B32D72FF52AFECE5D1DFDB3558E" author="Pocock" box="[367,515,874,897]" firstAuthor="Pocock" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" pagination="303 - 330" refId="ref95745" refString="POCOCK, R. I. 1893. Notes on the clasification of scorpions, followed by some observations on synonymy, with descriptions of new genera and species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (6), 12: 303 - 330." type="journal article" year="1893">Pocock, 1893</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D72FF52AFF515DFFFE9155F4" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D72FF52AFF515DFFFDCB5590" blockId="99.[192,802,874,1571]" box="[240,635,904,927]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<typeStatus id="54988861D72FF52AFF515DFFFE955590" box="[240,293,904,927]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Type</typeStatus>
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Genus.
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D72FF52AFE205DFFFDC85590" ID-CoL="3LFM" authority="Gervais, 1844" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1844" box="[385,632,904,927]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" genus="Chactas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFE205DFFFE685590" box="[385,472,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Chactas</emphasis>
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Gervais, 1844
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D72FF52AFF515DD0FE9155F4" blockId="99.[192,802,874,1571]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFF515DD0FE3255B1" bold="true" box="[240,386,935,958]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Composition.</emphasis>
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The tribe is established here. It includes three genera (
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFE0D5DB1FEA255F4" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D72FF52AFE0D5DB1FDB655D2" ID-CoL="3LFM" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1844" box="[428,518,966,989]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" genus="Chactas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chactas</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D72FF52AFDB75DB1FD1255D2" ID-CoL="646VC" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1878" box="[534,674,966,989]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" genus="Teuthraustes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Teuthraustes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D72FF52AFD125DB1FEA255F4" ID-CoL="85LT" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1978" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" genus="Vachoniochactas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Vachoniochactas</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D72FF52AFF515A74FD3252DD" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D72FF52AFF515A74FD1D5215" blockId="99.[192,802,874,1571]" box="[240,685,1027,1050]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFF515A74FEC55215" bold="true" box="[240,373,1027,1050]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Distribution</emphasis>
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. Central and South America.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D72FF52AFF515A55FDDC5258" blockId="99.[192,802,874,1571]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFF515A55FE785236" bold="true" box="[240,456,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Taxonomic history</emphasis>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B32D72FF52AFE7C5A55FD3C5236" author="Sissom" box="[477,652,1058,1081]" firstAuthor="Sissom" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" refId="ref96906" refString="SISSOM, W. D. 2000 a. Family Chactidae Pocock, 1893. Pp. 287 - 322 in Fet, V., W. D. Sissom, G. Lowe & M. E. Braunwalder. Catalog of the Scorpions of the World (1758 - 1998). New York, NY: New York Entomological Society, 690 pp." type="book" year="2000" yearSuffix="a">Sissom (2000a)</bibRefCitation>
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retained the division of
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D72FF52AFE9B5A37FE225258" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1844" box="[314,402,1088,1111]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" genus="Chactas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFE9B5A37FE225258" box="[314,402,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Chactas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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into five subgenera.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D72FF52AFF515A28FD3252DD" blockId="99.[192,802,874,1571]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFF515A28FE575279" bold="true" box="[240,487,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Biogeographic history</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D72FF52AFE575A28FDE05279" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1893" box="[502,592,1119,1142]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Chactini">Chactini</taxonomicName>
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mainly inhabit the tropical South America, where they exhibit a high diversity (
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<tableCitation id="C6A10378D72FF52AFF545AEBFEE852BC" box="[245,344,1180,1203]" captionStart="Table 10" captionStartId="100.[192,257,705,728]" captionText="Table 10: Distribution of chactid subfamilies Chactinae and Brotheinae in Central and South America. Data based primarily on species listed in Sissom (2000a), with addition of new data (González-Sponga, 1993, 1996a, 1997; Kovařík, 1999; Lourenço, 1999d; Lourenço & Pinto-da-Rocha, 2000; Lourenço & Dastych, 2001; Monod & Lourenço, 2001; Pinto-da-Rocha et al., 2002; Vignoli & Kovařík, 2003). Entries denote the number of species for each genus. Note the dominant distribution of Chactinae in northwestern to central areas and Brotheinae in north-central to eastern areas, both overlapping and concentrating in Venezuela (shaded area), which accounts for over fifty percent of the species. This concentration, however, could be an artifact due to the detailed research of M. A. González-Sponga (1996a, etc.) in Venezuela for many decades." pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Table 10</tableCitation>
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). A single species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D72FF52AFD865AEBFD0D52BC" baseAuthorityName="Werner" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[551,701,1180,1203]" class="Arachnida" family="Chactidae" genus="Chactas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exsul">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFD865AEBFD0D52BC" box="[551,701,1180,1203]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Chactas exsul</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is found in Central America (
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<collectingCountry id="F3347653D72FF52AFE3B5ACCFE4352DD" box="[410,499,1211,1234]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Panama</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3347653D72FF52AFE5F5ACCFDC752DD" box="[510,631,1211,1234]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D72FF52AFF515AADFE78502C" pageId="99" pageNumber="96" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D72FF52AFF515AADFE78502C" blockId="99.[192,802,874,1571]" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFF515AADFEEE52FE" bold="true" box="[240,350,1242,1265]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Synapomorphies. Chelal finger outer denticles (OD) removed outward from the MD row; chelal finger median denticle (MD) row divided into 7–9 groups; pectinal middle lamellae composed of a single plate or two, semi-fused with anterior lamellae, fulcra quite reduced. Important Symplesiomorphies. Chelal trichobothria
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFEF65BE5FEC853A6" box="[343,376,1426,1449]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Db</emphasis>
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basal,
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFE6E5BE5FE5A53A6" box="[463,490,1426,1449]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Dt</emphasis>
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situated at palm midpoint; patellar trichobothria series
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFE555BC7FDE253C6" box="[500,594,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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em
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<subScript id="17A73486D72FF52AFDB25BCDFDAC53C6" attach="left" box="[531,540,1466,1481]" fontSize="6" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">1</subScript>
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–em
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<subScript id="17A73486D72FF52AFDE85BCDFDE253C6" attach="left" box="[585,594,1466,1481]" fontSize="6" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">2</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFD2A5BC7FD0853C6" box="[651,696,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">
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esb
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<subScript id="17A73486D72FF52AFD0E5BCDFD0853C6" attach="left" box="[687,696,1466,1481]" fontSize="6" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">1</subScript>
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</emphasis>
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proximal of segment midpoint; neobothriotaxy
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFDD05BB8FD2D53E9" box="[625,669,1487,1510]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Ch1</emphasis>
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present on patellar ventral surface; neobothriotaxy
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D72FF52AFDD85B99FD15500A" box="[633,677,1518,1541]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="96">Ch1</emphasis>
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present on patellar external surface.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |