205 lines
22 KiB
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205 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C9CA9410F03BF398E1BF84EF3EE8B38F">The bats of the Congo and of Rwanda and Burundi revisited (Mammalia: Chiroptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A99384E4EFD3DEB30513D1054693D58B">Cakenberghe, Victor Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E2EB4FF4EAD310F2A147F7A665051D38">University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Functional Morphology, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein, 1, B- 2610 Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium. & AfricanBats NPC, 357 Botha Ave, Kloofsig, 0157, Republic of South Africa. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 9 A 0 E 1 AF 5 - C 248 - 4648 - 9 D 64 - 443112890346 & Corresponding author: Victor. VanCakenberghe @ uantwerpen. be</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="28C50E85F913E0E7E3581F59C8148D94" type="email">akenberghe@uantwerpen.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="077017296CF76273F84C534FFF7FD02B">Tungaluna, Guy-Crispin Gembu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C9F0D1BC662390C7B82B7A617C22258D">Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo. & Email: gembuguycrispin @ gmail. com & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 2 AE 2 F 96 F-A 138 - 419 B-B 650 - 6 DB 44 D 535 D 14 & Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo. & Email: prescottmusaba @ yahoo. fr & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 4 C 40421 C- 1 D 84 - 4 BD 1 - A 444 - 360300 ECBEEC</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8EDDA916D37D93276689C3B9D76F0521" type="email">gembuguycrispin@gmail.com&prescottmusaba@yahoo.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F53FCFC9287E75F397CC54BC02186F20">Akawa, Prescott Musaba</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="22D0C718C315488C902F4FBB415187D1">Seamark, Ernest</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5E51F3095BC9027557E475D5E7C365D4">AfricanBats NPC, 357 Botha Ave, Kloofsig, 0157, Republic of South Africa. & Centre for Wildlife Management, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X 20 Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, Republic of South Africa. & Email: ernest. seamark @ africanbats. org & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: B 60 CA 9 A 1 - D 288 - 468 E-AEEB-D 0 F 136 E 96 F 5 B</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A76B9EB954A067DF4B5B412721FAF1FF" type="email">ernest.seamark@africanbats.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="675C24EED2AD4656754F01FA0A5A21BB">Verheyen, Erik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F35EC211461C494C78DBBE15127C756E">Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences - OD Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. & University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, B- 2610 Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium. & Email: erik. verheyen @ naturalsciences. be & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 86 B 40463 - E 3 D 9 - 4147 - 9 ED 3 - D 7302 E 0 D 64 B 6</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2BE97CE2A09B880BAA487492553F824E" type="email">erik.verheyen@naturalsciences.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="FC66B8FF88FB9B79BD273F43C18E4B4F">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7F406350E97C82F0CB1FC04BF8A07BBD">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2A4A3DC00641538C0F1CFC9EDB1CBCA7">2017-12-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="30D77A0831227638071AD94D83CCD3D0">382</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5E66E6CE00D950E6175576D503EEE6FF" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.382</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0389878798535A51D857FBB4D765F80B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3861739" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164362440" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3861739" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0389878798535A51D857FBB4D765F80B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0389878798535A51D857FBB4D765F80B" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<subSubSection id="C33A651A98535A51D857FBB4D1E8FBBA" box="[566,1021,1087,1114]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51D857FBB4D1E8FBBA" blockId="79.[566,1021,1087,1152]" box="[566,1021,1087,1114]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<heading id="D0D781FD98535A51D857FBB4D1E8FBBA" box="[566,1021,1087,1114]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51D857FBB4D1E8FBBA" ID-CoL="4VY56" authority="(A. Smith, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[566,1021,1087,1114]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dinganii">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51D857FBB4D125FBBA" bold="true" box="[566,816,1087,1114]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Scotophilus dinganii</emphasis>
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(A. Smith, 1833)
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<subSubSection id="C33A651A98535A51D8B9FBEDD149FB60" box="[728,860,1126,1152]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51D8B9FBEDD149FB60" blockId="79.[566,1021,1087,1152]" box="[728,860,1126,1152]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<figureCitation id="131B2A1498535A51D8B9FBEDD13CFB60" box="[728,809,1126,1152]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="80.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[233,1353,304,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[225,1363,296,1885]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="Fig. 36. Distribution maps. A–B. Myotis tricolor (Temminck, 1832). C–D. Myotis welwitschii (Gray, 1866). E–F. Scotophilus dinganii (A. Smith, 1833). A, C, E. Distribution in the CRB area. B, D, F. Pan- African distribution." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860159/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
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E–F
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33A651A98535A51DADCFB28D0ECFAEB" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51DADCFB28D08CFB5E" blockId="79.[189,761,1187,1291]" box="[189,665,1187,1214]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3011BF98535A51DADCFB28D08CFB5E" box="[189,665,1187,1214]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81108098535A51DADCFB28D080FB5E" box="[189,661,1187,1214]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51DADCFB28D080FB5E" ID-CoL="86JY" authority="Dinganii A. Smith, 1833: 59" authorityName="Dinganii A. Smith" authorityYear="1833" box="[189,661,1187,1214]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DADCFB28D3BFFB5D" box="[189,426,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Vespertilio Dinganii</emphasis>
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A. Smith, 1833: 59
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51DADCFB41D0A6FB05" blockId="79.[189,761,1187,1291]" box="[189,691,1226,1253]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3011BF98535A51DADCFB41D0A6FB05" box="[189,691,1226,1253]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DADCFB41D2D9FB04" box="[189,204,1226,1252]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">*</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81108098535A51DAB2FB41D0BAFB05" box="[211,687,1226,1253]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51DAB2FB41D096FB05" ID-CoL="4VY5Q" authority="(Schreber, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[211,643,1226,1253]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrita">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DAB2FB41D3A6FB04" box="[211,435,1226,1252]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Scotophilus nigrita</emphasis>
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(Schreber, 1775)
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</taxonomicName>
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: 58
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51DADCFB7AD0ECFAEB" blockId="79.[189,761,1187,1291]" box="[189,761,1264,1291]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3011BF98535A51DADCFB7AD0ECFAEB" box="[189,761,1264,1291]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DADCFB7AD2D9FAEB" box="[189,204,1265,1291]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">*</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81108098535A51DAB2FB7BD0ECFAEB" box="[211,761,1264,1291]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51DAB2FB7BD0E1FAEB" ID-CoL="8LKNQ" authority="Thomas, 1906: 174" authorityName="Thomas" authorityPageNumber="174" authorityYear="1906" box="[211,756,1264,1291]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="nigrita" subSpecies="herero">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DAB2FB7BD013FAEA" box="[211,518,1264,1290]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Scotophilus nigrita herero</emphasis>
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Thomas, 1906: 174
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</taxonomicName>
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.
|
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33A651A98535A51DADCFABFD765F80B" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51DADCFABFD725FA94" blockId="79.[189,1399,1331,1396]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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As indicated below,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51DBD1FABFD00AFAAD" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[432,543,1332,1358]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DBD1FABFD00AFAAD" box="[432,543,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. nigrita</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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was erroneously used to identify the medium-sized African
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51DE8FFAB8D762FAAD" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[1262,1399,1331,1357]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DE8FFAB8D762FAAD" box="[1262,1399,1331,1357]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Scotophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
species. Robbins (1978: 212) showed that the correct name for this species should be
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51DEC8FAD1D73CFA94" baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[1193,1321,1370,1396]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dinganii">
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||
<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DEC8FAD1D73CFA94" box="[1193,1321,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. dinganii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51DADCFA14D67FF99A" blockId="79.[189,1399,1439,1658]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B6098535A51DADCFA14D3FEFA5A" author="Hayman" box="[189,491,1439,1466]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hayman" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref265860" refString="Hayman R. W., Misonne X. & Verheyen W. N. 1966. The bats of the Congo and of Rwanda and Burundi. Annalen van het Koninklijk Museum voor Midden Afrika, Zoologische Wetenschappen, Ser. 8, 154: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1966">
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||
Hayman
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DB4AFA2BD37CFA59" box="[299,361,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(1966: 57
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
, map 83) reported “
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51D883FA14D146FA59" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[738,851,1439,1465]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrita">
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||
<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51D883FA14D146FA59" box="[738,851,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. nigrita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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” from over almost the entire
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51DEA0FA14D6E8FA59" box="[1217,1277,1439,1465]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
and from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51DB4BFA4ED398FA3F" box="[298,397,1477,1503]" name="Rwanda" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with the exception of the northwestern part of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51D99CFA4ED62CFA3F" box="[1021,1081,1477,1503]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the most central part. Here, we include additional specimens from the northwestern, southwestern and southeastern parts of the country as well as from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51DB99F999D04DF9CC" box="[504,600,1554,1580]" name="Rwanda" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51D8EFF999D0E7F9CC" box="[654,754,1554,1580]" name="Burundi" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Burundi</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This still leaves the central part of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51DECCF998D6FCF9CD" box="[1197,1257,1555,1581]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
unoccupied by this species. The only central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51D85AF9B2D062F9B3" box="[571,631,1593,1619]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
record is a specimen from Boende (Tshuapa Province), but this is a juvenile specimen, which is probably too young to be identified with certainty.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51DADCF92FD084F905" blockId="79.[189,1398,1700,1766]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
Furthermore, we removed a number of localities from the northeastern part of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51DE0CF92ED6BCF95F" box="[1133,1193,1701,1727]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
as the underlying specimens belonged to the next species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F369198535A51DADCF89BD765F80B" blockId="79.[189,1399,1808,2027]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B6098535A51DADCF89BD378F8CA" author="Happold" box="[189,365,1808,1834]" firstAuthor="Happold" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref264870" refString="Happold M. & Happold D. 2013. Mammals of Africa Volume IV. Hedgehogs, Shrews and Bats. Bloomsbury, London." type="book" year="2013">Happold (2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
am: 674) based her distribution map on data from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B6098535A51D9C5F89BD6D6F8CB" author="Robbins" box="[932,1219,1808,1835]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Robbins" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="51 - 84" refId="ref271652" refString="Robbins C. B., De Vree F. & Van Cakenberghe V. 1985. A systematic revision of the African bat genus Scotophilus (Vespertilionidae). Annalen van het Koninklijk Museum voor Midden Afrika, Zoologische Wetenschappen 246: 51 - 84. Available from https: // www. academia. edu / 4426030 / A _ systematic _ revision _ of _ the _ African _ bat _ genus _ Scotophilus _ Vespertilionidae _ [accessed 29 Nov. 2017]." type="journal article" year="1985">
|
||
Robbins
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DE6BF89AD656F8CA" box="[1034,1091,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1985: 63)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which resulted in a rather detailed map with a lot of finger-like extrusions and areas which almost touch one another. We believe that the species has a wider distribution, only lacking in eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51DE57F8D6D68CF897" box="[1078,1177,1885,1911]" name="Somalia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Somalia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51DF70F8D6D763F897" box="[1297,1398,1885,1911]" name="Namibia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and most of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198535A51DBEBF80FD3D6F87E" box="[394,451,1924,1950]" name="South Africa" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">RSA</collectingCountry>
|
||
and probably also from the west and central African rainforest as mentioned by Happold. However, we need to point out that some of the east African records might need to be reassigned to a separate species, e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298535A51D817F85AD0CFF80B" box="[630,730,2001,2027]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colias">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51D817F85AD0CFF80B" box="[630,730,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. colias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as was tentatively suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B6098535A51DE39F85AD779F80B" author="Vallo" box="[1112,1388,2000,2027]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vallo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="350 - 361" refId="ref274527" refString="Vallo P., Benda P. & Reiter A. 2011. Yellow-bellied or white-bellied? Identity of Arabian house bats (Vespertilionidae: Scotophilus) revealed from mitochondrial DNA and morphology. African Zoology 46 (2): 350 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 15627020.2011.11407508" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Vallo
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EA8398535A51DEFCF859D6CDF80B" box="[1181,1240,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011: 350)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |