216 lines
23 KiB
XML
216 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="32321A0B0F49B36F2A0BCED6CD843ED4">The bats of the Congo and of Rwanda and Burundi revisited (Mammalia: Chiroptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4C10934AEC90C4417942D26043B37EE6">Cakenberghe, Victor Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F04D3DF4422C9B71B310D8223F42D25A">University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Functional Morphology, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein, 1, B- 2610 Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium. & AfricanBats NPC, 357 Botha Ave, Kloofsig, 0157, Republic of South Africa. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 9 A 0 E 1 AF 5 - C 248 - 4648 - 9 D 64 - 443112890346 & Corresponding author: Victor. VanCakenberghe @ uantwerpen. be</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5D4D2B2D3CEA4DDB2E6F2CEC3FE4BCDA" type="email">akenberghe@uantwerpen.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B63F30C65A6A6437C668D5959EA0831C">Tungaluna, Guy-Crispin Gembu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="228A73C21DE425CB41BDC87CE38CF51B">Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo. & Email: gembuguycrispin @ gmail. com & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 2 AE 2 F 96 F-A 138 - 419 B-B 650 - 6 DB 44 D 535 D 14 & Faculté des Sciences, Université de Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo. & Email: prescottmusaba @ yahoo. fr & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 4 C 40421 C- 1 D 84 - 4 BD 1 - A 444 - 360300 ECBEEC</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="40874B484BA60B76CDE82C29A971B7E5" type="email">gembuguycrispin@gmail.com&prescottmusaba@yahoo.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="22D19F971C748AB45DC1A59B6B2DD384">Akawa, Prescott Musaba</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="94BE33ECFECAE5169E379C45C26F0859">Seamark, Ernest</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D04A3A9820327B02388E345F831F7007">AfricanBats NPC, 357 Botha Ave, Kloofsig, 0157, Republic of South Africa. & Centre for Wildlife Management, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X 20 Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, Republic of South Africa. & Email: ernest. seamark @ africanbats. org & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: B 60 CA 9 A 1 - D 288 - 468 E-AEEB-D 0 F 136 E 96 F 5 B</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9FE0D882A587F167A22F1131893B0773">Verheyen, Erik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4B62D6A8F51D718BDB02D8540D396219">Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences - OD Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. & University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, B- 2610 Antwerpen (Wilrijk), Belgium. & Email: erik. verheyen @ naturalsciences. be & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 86 B 40463 - E 3 D 9 - 4147 - 9 ED 3 - D 7302 E 0 D 64 B 6</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="441CBAB13CC0E243AF758BFF123EA06E" type="email">erik.verheyen@naturalsciences.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E5E6A254CFC2C8180A7E5477B383ACB3">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="95A4436757081CF7554DF914E0B7A077">
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<mods:date id="8498CE8547827C15EF66D8BFAF66A1A2">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0389878798255A27D87EFB81D0BFF80B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3861809" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164362486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3861809" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0389878798255A27D87EFB81D0BFF80B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0389878798255A27D87EFB81D0BFF80B" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="C33A651A98255A27D87EFB81D600FBC5" box="[543,1045,1034,1061]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0D781FD98255A27D87EFB81D600FBC5" box="[543,1045,1034,1061]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298255A27D87EFB81D600FBC5" ID-CoL="T9YB" authority="(Cretzschmar, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Cretzschmar" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[543,1045,1034,1061]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Chaerephon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pumilus">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398255A27D87EFB81D10BFBC5" bold="true" box="[543,798,1034,1061]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Chaerephon pumilus</emphasis>
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(Cretzschmar, 1826)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198255A27D8B9FBBAD149FBAA" blockId="57.[543,1045,1034,1099]" box="[728,860,1072,1099]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<figureCitation id="131B2A1498255A27D8B9FBBAD13CFBAA" box="[728,809,1072,1099]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[233,1353,304,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[225,1363,296,1885]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 26. Distribution maps. A–B. Chaerephon major (Trouessart, 1897). C–D. Chaerephon nigeriae Thomas, 1913. E–F. Chaerephon pumilus (Cretzschmar, 1826). A, C, E. Distribution in the CRB area. B, D, F. Pan-African distribution." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860139/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
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E–F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33A651A98255A27DADCFBE5D155FB4E" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198255A27DADCFBE5D088FB67" blockId="57.[189,832,1133,1198]" box="[189,669,1133,1159]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3011BF98255A27DADCFBE5D088FB67" box="[189,669,1133,1159]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81108098255A27DADCFBE5D08CFB67" box="[189,665,1133,1159]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298255A27DADCFBE5D08CFB67" ID-CoL="6DQWB" authority="Cretzschmar, 1826: 69" authorityName="Cretzschmar" authorityPageNumber="69" authorityYear="1826" box="[189,665,1133,1159]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Dysopes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pumilus">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398255A27DADCFBE5D390FB67" box="[189,389,1133,1159]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Dysopes pumilus</emphasis>
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Cretzschmar, 1826: 69
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198255A27DADCFB1FD155FB4E" blockId="57.[189,832,1133,1198]" box="[189,832,1171,1198]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3011BF98255A27DADCFB1FD155FB4E" box="[189,832,1171,1198]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398255A27DADCFB1FD2D9FB4E" box="[189,204,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">*</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81108098255A27DAB2FB1FD155FB4E" box="[211,832,1171,1198]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298255A27DAB2FB1FD129FB4E" authority="(Cretzschmar, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Cretzschmar" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[211,828,1171,1198]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pumila" subGenus="Chaerephon">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398255A27DAB2FB1FD054FB4E" box="[211,577,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tadarida (Chaerephon) pumila</emphasis>
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(Cretzschmar, 1826)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33A651A98255A27DADCFB5CD0BFF80B" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9F369198255A27DADCFB5CD0BFF80B" blockId="57.[189,1399,1238,2027]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B6098255A27DADCFB5CD3CAFB10" author="Hayman" box="[189,479,1238,1265]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hayman" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref265860" refString="Hayman R. W., Misonne X. & Verheyen W. N. 1966. The bats of the Congo and of Rwanda and Burundi. Annalen van het Koninklijk Museum voor Midden Afrika, Zoologische Wetenschappen, Ser. 8, 154: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1966">
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Hayman
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398255A27DB49FB5CD376FB10" box="[296,355,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
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(1966: 62
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</bibRefCitation>
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, map 95) reported this species from almost over the entire CRB area, with the exception of the northwestern and central parts of the
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D946FB77D172FAF6" box="[807,871,1276,1302]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">DRC</collectingCountry>
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. The only more central locality is Stanleyville (= Kisangani, Tshopo Province), where a single specimen was collected in the 19
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<superScript id="7C559BD998255A27DE05FAAAD664FACF" attach="left" box="[1124,1137,1313,1327]" fontSize="6" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">th</superScript>
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century (RMCA 283). The additional records, we have found, seem to confirm this distribution. The distribution map given by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B6098255A27DA82FAE5D3F9FA69" author="Happold" box="[227,492,1390,1417]" firstAuthor="Happold" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="528 - 530" refId="ref263707" refString="Happold M. 2013 v. Tadarida pumila Little Free-tailed Bat. In: Happold M. & Happold D. (eds) Mammals of Africa Volume IV. Hedgehogs, Shrews and Bats: 528 - 530. Bloomsbury Publishing, London." type="book chapter" year="2013" yearSuffix="v">
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Happold (
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<date id="FF9E105198255A27DB3BFAE4D3BCFA69" box="[346,425,1391,1417]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2013-05">2013v</date>
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: 529)
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</bibRefCitation>
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shows two main areas where
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D1298255A27D936FAE4D1CDFA69" authorityName="Cretzschmar" authorityYear="1826" box="[855,984,1391,1417]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Dysopes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pumilus">
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<emphasis id="B954EA8398255A27D936FAE4D1CDFA69" box="[855,984,1391,1417]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">C. pumilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs: one in West Africa, where it occurs from
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DB0EFA1ED3D9FA4F" box="[367,460,1429,1455]" name="Senegal" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Senegal</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DB94FA1ED058FA4F" box="[501,589,1429,1455]" name="Nigeria" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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and northern
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D897FA1ED166FA4F" box="[758,883,1429,1455]" name="Cameroon" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, although lacking in the coastal forest, and a second in eastern Africa, from the Red Sea coast in
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D937FA30D1B3FA35" box="[854,934,1467,1493]" name="Eritrea" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
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over eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DE2CFA30D68CFA35" box="[1101,1177,1467,1493]" name="Sudan" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Sudan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DEC8FA30D754FA35" box="[1193,1345,1467,1493]" name="South Sudan" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
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and western
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DB42FA6AD39CFA1B" box="[291,393,1505,1531]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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, eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DB99FA6AD022FA1B" box="[504,567,1505,1531]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">DRC</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D827FA6AD0B6FA1B" box="[582,675,1505,1531]" name="Zambia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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, northern
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<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D940FA6AD1B7FA1B" box="[801,930,1505,1531]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D9D0FA6AD61BFA1B" box="[945,1038,1505,1531]" name="Malawi" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DE7CFA6AD6ADFA1B" box="[1053,1208,1505,1531]" name="Mozambique" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
to northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DADCF98CD2EFF9C1" box="[189,250,1543,1569]" name="South Africa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">RSA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It also occurs in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D827F983D083F9C2" box="[582,662,1544,1570]" name="Kenya" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, reaching the coast, going north into
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DE3EF98CD6AAF9C1" box="[1119,1215,1543,1569]" name="Somalia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Somalia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and south into
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DADCF9A6D333F9A7" box="[189,294,1581,1607]" name="Tanzania" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DB3FF9A6D3E8F9A7" box="[350,509,1581,1607]" name="Mozambique" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Furthermore, she indicates a peculiar extension across the southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DF7DF9A6D74DF9A7" box="[1308,1368,1581,1607]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
to reach the Atlantic coast in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D860F9D8D0EDF98D" box="[513,760,1619,1645]" name="Angola" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Cabinda and Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and going south almost to the border with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DF6BF9D8D766F98D" box="[1290,1395,1619,1645]" name="Namibia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B6098255A27DADCF9F1D390F974" author="ACR" box="[189,389,1657,1684]" firstAuthor="ACR" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref254905" refString="ACR. 2016. African Chiroptera Report. AfricanBats, Pretoria. Available from http: // www. africanbats. org / index. php / publications / africa-chiroptera-report [accessed 28 Sep. 2017]." type="url" year="2016">ACR (2016: 387</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1135) mentions additional records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D90DF9F1D1FCF974" box="[876,1001,1658,1684]" name="Cameroon" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D994F9F2D656F973" box="[1013,1091,1657,1683]" name="Gabon" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DE1FF9F1D6D9F974" box="[1150,1228,1658,1684]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
which narrow the gap between the western and eastern distribution ranges. However, there still seems to be a gap in the north between 20° and
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14505698255A27D841F94DD071F900" box="[544,612,1734,1761]" degrees="25" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" precision="55555" value="25.0">25° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D8EDF94DD0D8F900" box="[652,717,1734,1760]" name="Chad" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Chad</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D8BBF94DD133F900" box="[730,806,1734,1760]" name="Sudan" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D955F94DD64BF900" box="[820,1118,1734,1760]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DEA6F94DD716F900" box="[1223,1283,1734,1760]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
(with the exception of the single specimen from Kisangani), which might continue further in central and eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DADCF899D306F8CC" box="[189,275,1810,1836]" name="Angola" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DB2DF899D3A4F8CC" box="[332,433,1810,1836]" name="Namibia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
towards the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27D826F899D091F8CC" box="[583,644,1810,1836]" name="South Africa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">RSA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This would suggest that the western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DE58F899D660F8CC" box="[1081,1141,1810,1836]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens, as well as those from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337760198255A27DB20F8B3D38FF8B2" box="[321,410,1848,1874]" name="Angola" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
, might be closer related to the specimens from western Africa than to those from the eastern part of the distribution area. A connection between the western and eastern populations might indeed be along the line suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B6098255A27D8E8F80FD142F87F" author="Happold" box="[649,855,1924,1951]" firstAuthor="Happold" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="528 - 530" refId="ref263707" refString="Happold M. 2013 v. Tadarida pumila Little Free-tailed Bat. In: Happold M. & Happold D. (eds) Mammals of Africa Volume IV. Hedgehogs, Shrews and Bats: 528 - 530. Bloomsbury Publishing, London." type="book chapter" year="2013" yearSuffix="v">
|
||
Happold (
|
||
<date id="FF9E105198255A27D961F80ED15BF87F" box="[768,846,1925,1951]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2013-05">2013v</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but it might also be that the specimens from the Kasaï Provinces are the easternmost representatives of the western populations or the westernmost representatives of the eastern populations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |