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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="100335" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fc6193c-cd79-4419-a24e-7c5545e0bd30" ID-PMC="PMC9848802" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1113-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" ID-PubMed="36762231" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1113-1" checkinTime="1658252710949" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe, Dahlgren, Thomas G., Amon, Diva J., Cairns, Stephen, Drennan, Regan, Durden, Jennifer M., Eleaume, Marc P., Hosie, Andrew M., Kremenetskaia, Antonina, McQuaid, Kirsty, O'Hara, Timothy D., Rabone, Muriel, Simon-Lledo, Erik, Smith, Craig R., Watling, Les, Wiklund, Helena &amp; Glover, Adrian G." docDate="2022" docId="E00FBA210CEF58FEAF039DC6E4BA83C9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1113: 1-110" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1113" docPubDate="2022-07-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" docTitle="Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ _ 194" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" masterDocTitle="Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732669336981" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="53152907742599E591D6C34CB31ECCAE">Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="472CB5EB12F32FA3F2BD53835C04DCA3">Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9901BB37926BF8ED75EE43BA6E3E8CD0" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8163-8724</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6A74C8117F2546334F438EC617BA19AA">Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A8400330EA4BB80213452D3CC5C0A8C6">Dahlgren, Thomas G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3CD3DEEB6A525B26E8A626BB07F15824" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6854-2031</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2F0F5868B7C57CC1C184BA29A1A5DDDE">Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden &amp; Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="F10C282376470DA77AC49ED82B4DD12F">Amon, Diva J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4C5FF771C20B373CBEB433683466A4A3">SpeSeas, D'Abadie, Trinidad and Tobago</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F1AD15A25C27283F6A716DA0F70E83BD">Cairns, Stephen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="41BDAD79D3DC8677FEFAA3BC8997A78B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7209-9271</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="37FED9FE8714C0B8265E7F2FE78425B9">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="AF30BC726DF86B5EF31255A833CC1A9E">Drennan, Regan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E90CA79E7FF3405F1051162364C8F604" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0137-5464</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B9FCF64B748364B24DFD6A277836193D">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="46E5F30A88465C3AAD188ED54752357B">Durden, Jennifer M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C115A97F88137A88DDE3836A66D6CC55" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-9109</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="052F3BBA8B42AE367425DF51477B75C8">UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="26C0E9B25C08289E7968DA2D96DCCBC1">Eleaume, Marc P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FD52EBF6B9ACCBBB748B843DB746A771">Collections &amp; Research, Western Australia Museum, Perth, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FDECF399FAC4F22E07006BF18FD6C109">Hosie, Andrew M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1BB1762BEE44889668CA0949FF0EED94" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-662X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6A8532121667BA4BFB2B3BF355280EF6">Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="DC2CF5A6A951A62C85D6929971CA9DAC">Kremenetskaia, Antonina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9EA74E51466C6EE700A11BE6425DB4AA" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8851-3318</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0F9D2D4D949EB087EB20F204EA7D535A">School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BBAD27B29101F3E8A31AE666A6A6D5C3">McQuaid, Kirsty</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F7095D2E3153748EB85B3A22C1551C66" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-8332</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5E84649772D888AB63F0F8AACFE457E6">Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D59BC9AB7438830E025FEFD374DA2149">O'Hara, Timothy D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C19F156CBFB21A3D2E909E5693AD8C45">Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1A2D7D4F936BEBEB18EBB86171D8F47F">Rabone, Muriel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE0E856BAC70B5A06061BACB1C541475" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-2313</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AAEEE426674A3AE7D4DAC19B59371F7F">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="0769670C52BA7EA4022199D97BC26F5F">
<mods:roleTerm id="BEE8F837EE3858A4218462C3ADF48586">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3653AF3FD99E7299431D756EA6AAD124">Simon-Lledo, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="38C86C2B449E21433893D9A52F124D10">UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6C0F2728ED8F4A42115C5DE85998F4F6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9A3F2BFC25760B366DD58EB4A4B28822">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A30E6E851882344933AA1072B72002EC">Smith, Craig R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4A401CF094DF4C29CF89CD64FAEEE69F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-0889</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="24D4C1DA95A6631B8CDDB04CF90C9E8C">School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="69DC3AB64E0F1C4DBF8075D50D74A524">Watling, Les</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="80F5C7A41BA2B4CBA56FDCD711518FA1" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6901-1168</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FE29195A2BE509246E93BA812E65A7E7">School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6120F1D46EDA342A3C62EBB0F2ACD1A2">Wiklund, Helena</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="49F9EC3CA92BCCBFD177B6FAF09911D7" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-3504</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1436849DFCCE8C122798C04756FF7E4A">Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="13C42B9D231B06FC599790DB13C3B064" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5054DA2BA608F4C6E1E8CE92B16E31F7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="877FBCE79DFD38F3DF907D626FCDEEA6">Glover, Adrian G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5F836A3A63AEBF4271CFA0C802177879" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-074X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="546ADBAF339D94B422BA2B72AE58576F">National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="709F9AFB0F1B4F6C0846A97E0A4E6514">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="63D076905E6347BFD9EEDDC8E15ECC25">
<mods:title id="B1EC5B8B7E12A80B87031B8FE83FAC7B">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="15133C22A20BF37C7DFC8FCF34F2951F">
<mods:date id="87AB5D951C1F07DCF245F15B6EBD5ECD">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9DC93EFE4720DC9C66F23A152E9DC741" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E1623F7C14C7F479EA78F43E56E73408">2022-07-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="59DE03B5590CF95C4431E4FF20658443" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9E1A427525B43E65EC7344EB52372B77">1113</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="BD7F243F5819A27A29603F9E9D3B31D3" unit="page">
<mods:start id="A1C22E1FF28893CA13C4C3B4BEDB2086">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="4865C41FF9A8C30B98A0C4C4E2695309">110</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="23B69D96A71EF2F8CC9F8555B6F1D2AE">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="20E4D8D313140B493F935827CB79E9C2">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3779F0CCD0866D24DF7370E125E5BF77" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="11BA73969F62BA174FF77B85B8933517" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1113-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E00FBA210CEF58FEAF039DC6E4BA83C9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197823844" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E00FBA210CEF58FEAF039DC6E4BA83C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E00FBA210CEF58FEAF039DC6E4BA83C9" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Polychaeta" scope_family="Aphroditidae" scope_order="Phyllodocida" scope_phylum="Annelida" scope_subOrder="Aphroditiformia">
<subSubSection id="D2AD0408412EB37C3D384874CD242BF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9202BBC4E882C6F6ED38E47F00F50859" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6F9FBF4384A6429B4B7FEC1131AB1778" ID-CoL="7PKB9" LSID="E00FBA21-0CEF-58FE-AF03-9DC6E4BA83C9" authority="stet. CCZ _ 194" authorityName="stet. CCZ _ 194" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiodemidae" genus="Molpadiodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Molpadiodemas" order="Persiculida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ_194</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8ACEEFF52C18FEBA8CF61477F7853880" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="9B3C10F316A9669DDDA36394C19312D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="5B409415441774D67530ACC9E6135B13" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ _ 194 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles C epibionts on ventral surface D detail of epibionts E dorsal surface F ventral view of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 25 μm (B); 1 cm (E, F). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B-D); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DB163902FA868C6D52E2175760C48858" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E92D998E89AB84B460DB7D08EBF896A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACA7F5DA6D7746CEAE317E8D256C8610" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="3500444CFCB9BD752E0AE9BDC4E1523A" accessionNumber="ON400725" collectingDate="2018-06-10" collectorName="Smith, Durden, GenBank, Voucher" elevation="5205" latitude="11.2517" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-153.6055" specimenCount="1">
Clarion-Clipperton Zone •
<specimenCount id="4316A30B260FCD215CACC91E80E9A174" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
; APEI 1;
<geoCoordinate id="01F9AAA3CD329124552B198184941211" degrees="11.2517" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="11.2517">11.2517°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EF051B378FED627E452C237A49ADF415" degrees="153.6055" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-153.6055">153.6055°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="21F3D7CAE8137729ABBB038E4189B7E6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.205" unit="m" value="5205.0">
<elevation id="2A7FC54B8206C375ECE46FB6E831306B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.205" unit="m" value="5205.0">5205 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep;
<collectingDate id="79D970970A3E8AC1CD4B0289382E576C" value="2018-06-10">10 Jun. 2018</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="996761DF48068A444A3FBA3C5800D202">Smith</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="5E8346E13AA38E63124298B3E0A8BADF">Durden</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName id="8F67507A62CACFE25CEFFA504884FF63">GenBank</collectorName>
:
<accessionNumber id="80BB7FE232BD3C399CA983223CA0BCB2" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON400725">ON400725</accessionNumber>
(COI); NHMUK 2022.71;
<collectorName id="CC1DD552199ACD6AA9AD6FD6F2DBC9E8">Voucher</collectorName>
code: CCZ_194
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DC5230C1909E019DC1E3834CCC0015C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE5FB13C4005E9E1313BD6B3987D16A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F3AFB5DC0110D692148ED0A9907F12C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Single specimen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0BEDBE7EC2ED67535E820773A01D81DA" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ _ 194 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles C epibionts on ventral surface D detail of epibionts E dorsal surface F ventral view of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 25 μm (B); 1 cm (E, F). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B-D); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36A</figureCitation>
). Colouration of live specimen is whitish yellow, with skin somewhat translucent (Fig.
<figureCitation id="57B61A4C09795AB2B996F8B32D32DD04" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ _ 194 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles C epibionts on ventral surface D detail of epibionts E dorsal surface F ventral view of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 25 μm (B); 1 cm (E, F). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B-D); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36A, E</figureCitation>
). Body subcylindrical in live specimen, but dorso-ventrally flattened when preserved, tapering anteriorly, ~ 4
<normalizedToken id="5AB5326232815FE6049D23607F1D2D5E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide (L = 25 cm, W = 8.2 cm); semi-translucent body wall, longitudinal muscles visible through it; colouration of preserved specimen is yellowish (Fig.
<figureCitation id="382D2E16EDA352FE0B38AE69E2CF87A5" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ _ 194 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles C epibionts on ventral surface D detail of epibionts E dorsal surface F ventral view of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 25 μm (B); 1 cm (E, F). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B-D); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36E</figureCitation>
), darker on the ventral side (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B3D3FCB782FCF2B78A56C82F407B6A75" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ _ 194 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles C epibionts on ventral surface D detail of epibionts E dorsal surface F ventral view of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 25 μm (B); 1 cm (E, F). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B-D); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36F</figureCitation>
). Ventral surface with small, black, unidentified epibionts embedded in the skin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3D40BBC4E3671334C881CC7688C6B09E" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ _ 194 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles C epibionts on ventral surface D detail of epibionts E dorsal surface F ventral view of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 25 μm (B); 1 cm (E, F). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B-D); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36C, D</figureCitation>
). Specimen barely covered by sediment. Ossicles in tentacles; unbranched rods with thick central swelling; and branched rods, often with branches intertwining at the ends creating an irregular perforated mesh (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A26208F46CD776E3899BF3269F36054C" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Molpadiodemas stet. CCZ _ 194 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles C epibionts on ventral surface D detail of epibionts E dorsal surface F ventral view of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 25 μm (B); 1 cm (E, F). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B-D); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="EB99872032B597DE51151206CE185021" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716362" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 36" startId="F36">
<paragraph id="FC9A2CF58C7635797530AE65B4E5EDCC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="EA4F79BD33124FC40E1AFA78861C9017" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="37777962B7BFFAE88AC975B46F3C4720" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiodemidae" genus="Molpadiodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Molpadiodemas" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7A50B2C6A1A9B54470F75C51FA2D0F5D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molpadiodemas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_194
<emphasis id="98A1FB6391B87720837EF9F56A3EC87E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
in situ image
<emphasis id="F408C4BA335A71416D75B14763665829" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
tentacle ossicles
<emphasis id="D55E76061091CBC09D8755C2CBFF0061" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
epibionts on ventral surface
<emphasis id="60DF18340365A4323AA398C47F7BFB57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
detail of epibionts
<emphasis id="8DDFB36A94187308FAEC0EEEBD6FEC97" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
dorsal surface
<emphasis id="CD5D37E58419E828BFF738CC1A469470" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
ventral view of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (
<emphasis id="E3A6261CAF5DE31E2A6B40EF9F3582F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 25
<normalizedToken id="2AD8CF491BB274755A3F0DD16F11FF02" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="4DF47497868ED797D393230FBA882588" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
); 1 cm (
<emphasis id="F24FCE306BF8852654CB1004DCC4441C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (
<emphasis id="A52827ADEC2607A1A5D9CAB00236C562" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); Bribiesca-Contreras (
<emphasis id="4563D7E2227FEB87A4876A1DF3E95BBC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D</emphasis>
); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (
<emphasis id="CCD3D1DD997E2046C9246572BE208EB2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B84F5CB29D2D584C24C20E83B5C96F18" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="97FDA8F84615A539C744A81C69892646" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D5EF00F79C6E4AB949D154706557B05" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The COI sequence of
<taxonomicName id="C8D2E07BFFA2DAB4EBD36F779F2E6249" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiodemidae" genus="Molpadiodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Molpadiodemas" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BA475DB0BDA2E05D61DBB7320AB5590F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molpadiodemas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_194 is similar to sequences of other species of
<taxonomicName id="D1503BE92D91B1FEDFF1154900623042" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiodemidae" genus="Molpadiodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Molpadiodemas" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9D0E563FDEFB12228DB619109B080D5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molpadiodemas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including
<taxonomicName id="2893026B3B73733776BE915333186D7A" lsidName="M. villosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="villosus">
<emphasis id="2532A56C0A6E646AFC82E1DB5ABDE821" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. villosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3FB02B576A8F43A0A91C42BB9D42AF1F" lsidName="M. morbillus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="morbillus">
<emphasis id="7600C8AE9A586A133DE15823EC1ADAB7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. morbillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BBC49606794D0549644F2F50641F42FB" lsidName="M. crinitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="crinitus">
<emphasis id="4B27830A7ABD0400E592758144A5CABF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. crinitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="72C7862A72D1930F1683DC0999423389" lsidName="M. involutus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="involutus">
<emphasis id="33DB87DE31432AC4E81289AEC8020D5D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. involutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="8F40CF9839EDBC86FA31C7647D6D7AF5" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiodemidae" genus="Molpadiodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Molpadiodemas" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3269A43700A4A8DB13CAC4AAEF3D3097" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molpadiodemas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_102. COI genetic divergence between both specimens collected in the CCZ is 6%, in accordance with values of genetic interspecific divergence for the genus. The specimen is recovered in a well-supported clade along with other members of the genus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E70AA334EFB72C79FE3DB759C294CB8C" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Phylogenetic tree of the class Holothuroidea. Concatenated (12 S, 16 S, 18 S, 28 S, COI, and H 3) median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716360" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
), but species are not well delimited. As mentioned above, three species of
<taxonomicName id="6D4188BAEFABEABB88B590EE85B4F1FD" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiodemidae" genus="Molpadiodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Molpadiodemas" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1BF49CFE6FFB313572698609BAB4B7F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molpadiodemas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been previously reported in the CCZ (
<bibRefCitation id="6558D0AF82B96F8A1477D0682AD86F10" DOI="https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2005.62.5" author="O'Loughlin, PM" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="147 - 179" refId="B73" refString="O'Loughlin, PM, Ahearn, C, 2005. A review of pygal-furrowed Synallactidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), with new species from the Antarctic, Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 62 (2): 147 - 179, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2005.62.5" title="A review of pygal-furrowed Synallactidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), with new species from the Antarctic, Atlantic and Pacific oceans." url="https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2005.62.5" volume="62" year="2005">
<normalizedToken id="2C62A690C61B657C72B4AFB4F161F33D" originalValue="O’Loughlin">O'Loughlin</normalizedToken>
and Ahearn 2005
</bibRefCitation>
). The tentacle ossicles from specimen CCZ_194 are very similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="7C60DDFF66DA4DF241E851DE3DAA57D3" lsidName="M. helios" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="helios">
<emphasis id="5D2C0E333F0ADEAF5F3DBD4E6100D21B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. helios</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but this latter species is distinguished by the prominent tube feet that are barely visible in our specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A409CB1547869C9CD28EDB35BADF8780" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="A6B5864F2493146E48BEA6A38689F301" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92CC815E75A57E1FB4B78820B03A8F6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This specimen was found on the sedimented seafloor of an abyssal plain on APEI 1 at 5205 m depth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDA1AC6AE23EBC9FE4304B12CCB5FE51" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comparisons">
<paragraph id="EE883F5CCB5FF84561F6D409EC21E1F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BCCE587C6DCA2A2E54D9E976B35F4B47" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A very similar
<taxonomicName id="1AF843E935482ED2049F6A03C0B38C47" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiodemidae" genus="Molpadiodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Molpadiodemas" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="869C141425152E3E7F73F6D46BA2E28D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molpadiodemas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. morphotype (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="284EC730323ECEE2085FB8F910FEA01E" class="Holothuroidea" family="Molpadiodemidae" genus="Molpadiodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Molpadiodemas" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="66AC81B4E1D001B2792B1DEC02357C80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Molpadiodemas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. indet., HOL_004) has been commonly encountered in seabed image surveys conducted across nodule fields areas of the eastern CCZ (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="31BD456C26D8AFBF33383E557BD07151" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" author="Amon, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B6" refString="Amon, DJ, Ziegler, AF, Kremenetskaia, A, Mah, CL, Mooi, R, O'Hara, T, Pawson, DL, Roux, M, Smith, CR, 2017b. Megafauna of the UKSRL exploration contract area and eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 11794: e11794. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" title="Megafauna of the UKSRL exploration contract area and eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 11794: e 11794." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" year="2017 b">Amon et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
), but not in abyssal areas surveyed within the Kiribati EEZ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19BDDCF421E3E5BB3F890D8AF23AA282" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="6C232E5C447B7AE26AC120730212F7EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Order
<taxonomicName id="C9D150934794B30623DACEC6349D5441" class="Holothuroidea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="order">Synallactida</taxonomicName>
Miller, Kerr, Paulay, Reich, Wilson, Carvajal &amp; Rouse, 2017
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="93D8EB7905B6540E994A1554F6EFDE03" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="1D4509C4EFC83F2F89CE68B47348E6D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Family
<taxonomicName id="BCFBFC941C9FD781DCBA9C45F5939527" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
Ludwig, 1894
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B31EE33DCFAE13624DE2461084C7277" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="A3075BCADD8AF4DCAF82358D17156EAD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="A080CB9DC17D75C44A0E0FCD33D74171" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_061
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C35BA0333DEA2546486B6B6E8FF17CF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Fig.
<figureCitation id="EB1F3FBD22584419A07DE300C66387B9" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 061 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 50 μm (B). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716363" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F10C190E7831A63ED95D5F1406DAFA6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="AEDF19768277670D3407C56BE1FEC4F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</emphasis>
Clarion-Clipperton Zone • 1 specimen; APEI 7;
<geoCoordinate id="E66E81E58F0063C499CF28A730A71504" degrees="4.8877" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.8877">4.8877°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A76F60C2FF04FD98EFEBEC26743B5FBB" degrees="141.7569" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-141.7569">141.7569°W</geoCoordinate>
; 3132 m deep; 27 May. 2018; Smith &amp; Durden leg.; GenBank: ON400688 (COI), ON406640 (18S); NHMUK 2022.75; Voucher code: CCZ_061.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8DD018240C9503AA4DC2610A6004A89" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="917CF7F7DF7530E9AF2CACAEE1CFC438" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</emphasis>
Single specimen; description of external morphological features only from in situ image as the specimen was damaged during collection (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7593E925BEC805DA745032C528A30D6F" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 061 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 50 μm (B). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716363" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37A</figureCitation>
). Body semi-circular, with ventral surface flattened, tapering distally; very wide, widest part of body ~ 7 cm; anus posterodorsal; mouth anteroventral. Tegument seems thick. Ossicles present in tentacles, slightly curved rods, &lt;250
<normalizedToken id="7CB3919484D768D4F269AC0F25D11147" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="880326BA08A00F9E491EA116FAB820EE" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 061 A in situ image B tentacle ossicles. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 50 μm (B). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716363" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="0C5AB00991C5408E46132220D9566B31" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716363" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F37">
<paragraph id="9965F64E593A8CB706117E984902D33A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="894417EF632E0213197B9DCBC3040A37" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0134301EF863C8866E7D138255C600AF" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_061
<emphasis id="1A559B88116CDF03A2D97AF306274248" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
in situ image
<emphasis id="E7B5A879DFBE9B7B79E57831FA9FC648" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
tentacle ossicles. Scale bars: 2 cm (
<emphasis id="018C2E6AF5DD7619C477FBB07C467FD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 50
<normalizedToken id="F13EAED21269468808A469854FF6BD8D" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="F4F25775683312683195C78A06851A1D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (
<emphasis id="EDBEE63C8186BA6F9D9080C784BBBA6D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); Bribiesca-Contreras (
<emphasis id="24EE38D186AC71DD6FC4756A18265952" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="59092F14590BDC6F45BA4F23AC809DE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="9775C8F9D8738E5368261C337A643C5B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
There are no close matches to the COI sequence of
<taxonomicName id="C2FCAD68AC13B38CBFAAF86191F552E9" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_061 in public databases. The closest match is to
<taxonomicName id="ABDF4D6428B00CB5CD47E769C65E0A48" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_066 (14% K2P). Both specimens are recovered in a well-supported clade representing the family
<taxonomicName id="360E00B4D4FBB4E937197FC244CF62C6" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="1A71D3E2C3DE90ED040608B7C3930A3E" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Phylogenetic tree of the class Holothuroidea. Concatenated (12 S, 16 S, 18 S, 28 S, COI, and H 3) median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716360" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
). They are recovered very close to
<taxonomicName id="DCFE4427DA1B532C5E65DD3565013B30" authorityName="Theel" authorityYear="1886" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Paelopatides" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paelopatides" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A0EAE65C7A23BCE7B052E3A0A9C3724B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paelopatides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="7C07203832FD72608105440D6D7C21CA" originalValue="Théel">Theel</normalizedToken>
, 1886, but COI divergence suggest they belong to different genera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E51FECD187EA0B2236499758CC7F7B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="CD79B6F66B474F57AD3359C60E8F98C6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</emphasis>
No similar
<taxonomicName id="A75E7311204CB65459C63F63DEAC22D6" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
morphotypes have been so far catalogued from seabed imagery collected in the eastern CCZ or in abyssal areas of the Kiribati EEZ. Consequently, the in situ image of
<taxonomicName id="4C32DF88E6DDDEF70CED8AD0ABC0D938" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_061 was catalogued as a new morphotype (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="82C4C406CD724BFA4940EE635306AA49" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
gen. indet., HOL_120).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAE6E10F923620CC36E3F2505A8D92BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3015D189507F7EF1E3B4C1FB566D6A75" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</emphasis>
This specimen was collected on the sedimented seafloor of a seamount in APEI 7 at 3132 m depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C43F2DC7CF80C2968FBEEDD04600D966" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3033FB3BEFFD03E3CBDA2DEFFC4B5AD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="CF5B6D68FE39BD1EEDDD54656FAD2F94" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_066
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6D64D3C3086CDBCAF260FD868F4B5B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Fig.
<figureCitation id="E3768F8302763121AC465CAD1D9D089D" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 066 A in situ image B ossicles on dorsal skin C tentacle ossicles D dorsal surface E ventral surface of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A, D, E); 50 μm (B, C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B, C); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D903417F999E57D6B5C9FFFA73CC551" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="39BC9BA20284BCD4437529E38E5ED3D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</emphasis>
Clarion-Clipperton Zone • 1 specimen; APEI 7;
<geoCoordinate id="2E45F140793076CF6319F6666FD1E615" degrees="4.8896" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="4.8896">4.8896°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="12C421E20C9FB78364A0DE1FCF313D76" degrees="141.75" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-141.75">141.75°W</geoCoordinate>
; 3095 m deep; 27 May. 2018; Smith &amp; Durden leg.; GenBank: ON400692 (COI), ON406642 (18S); NHMUK 2022.63; Voucher code: CCZ_066.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C0D7785DC229D9FB6A50399E0D5CD344" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="8E8E918BB59287D641685B19C91F6F99" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</emphasis>
Single specimen, body semi-circular with ventral surface flattened; ~ 3
<normalizedToken id="91350BE0A7F61F77EF2D8CFF39555F08" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide (L = 21 cm, W = 6 cm; Fig.
<figureCitation id="46B767D831AA32B3A09AB7CB19A14FE5" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 066 A in situ image B ossicles on dorsal skin C tentacle ossicles D dorsal surface E ventral surface of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A, D, E); 50 μm (B, C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B, C); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38A</figureCitation>
). Mouth anteroventral, anus posterodorsal. Colouration in live specimen is bright red (Fig.
<figureCitation id="83186A33D786A22556F196B9722D1572" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 066 A in situ image B ossicles on dorsal skin C tentacle ossicles D dorsal surface E ventral surface of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A, D, E); 50 μm (B, C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B, C); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38D, E</figureCitation>
). Specimen severely damaged during collection, guts separated from skin. Tegument is thick and leathery, with wart-like protrusions on the dorsal surface, more evident on live specimen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DE8A47591270116A65920775492F6B8C" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 066 A in situ image B ossicles on dorsal skin C tentacle ossicles D dorsal surface E ventral surface of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A, D, E); 50 μm (B, C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B, C); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38A</figureCitation>
), and with a small, very short, triangular dorsal appendage. Brim evident on ventral surface. Small tube feet arranged in two irregular rows, one on each side of ventrum, running longitudinally. Tentacles 18. Ossicles present in dorsal skin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DB6A9797CA76393E9B2780512C27E514" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 066 A in situ image B ossicles on dorsal skin C tentacle ossicles D dorsal surface E ventral surface of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A, D, E); 50 μm (B, C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B, C); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38B</figureCitation>
) and tentacles (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8EB36CFDD62D297EFF5161DDD7DA5789" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synallactidae stet. CCZ _ 066 A in situ image B ossicles on dorsal skin C tentacle ossicles D dorsal surface E ventral surface of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (A, D, E); 50 μm (B, C). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Bribiesca-Contreras (B, C); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">38C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A34D9065C6AA0C851C03ACD8D611DE49" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716364" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 38" startId="F38">
<paragraph id="48E743B5E886D07F61088271D4222FB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="ED3736DD4935A9AFD27C8D751641254A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 38.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F24A87730B57BD3A69EFE16CDC99C0CA" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_066
<emphasis id="9E22DFFF6182110583509BB76A40A900" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
in situ image
<emphasis id="8202094559EB20C8DA9D431A79A0BF84" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
ossicles on dorsal skin
<emphasis id="24169FA09C49D131CB0DAD185084B214" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
tentacle ossicles
<emphasis id="9182303B3D0227FACD400E6F1A6B6C3F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
dorsal surface
<emphasis id="C309B267413ECCC11735C99AD428C78C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
ventral surface of specimen before preservation. Scale bars: 2 cm (
<emphasis id="76CE3D6EE7638396FFAD95298EE332B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, D, E</emphasis>
); 50
<normalizedToken id="1C3F2514A8C17217B0B1CC85C6736FDD" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="87EBD1AAD6C04BEB4660A9A766C55C57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (
<emphasis id="EC127198FA3BFCE172CF0CEE23C808A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); Bribiesca-Contreras (
<emphasis id="8CBAEBD0B90696351CD738F81E483ABC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (
<emphasis id="A68E231CD7A7634F7B594C77CC40E644" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3715561F8AE07C380695ABD34F6C6E2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="45D4E4372D3426735511795077A0516F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
There are no close matches to the COI sequence of
<taxonomicName id="83625193972C16039B1F9383F01E87F5" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_066 in public databases. The closest match is to specimen
<taxonomicName id="A98DABAFB7FF272B00294B1CA6E1BFEC" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_061 (14% K2P). Both specimens are recovered in a well-supported clade representing the family
<taxonomicName id="A8568461987DD9738814557EAC16B1DA" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="843681DA666EBF222942859DE249B8E8" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Phylogenetic tree of the class Holothuroidea. Concatenated (12 S, 16 S, 18 S, 28 S, COI, and H 3) median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716360" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">34</figureCitation>
). They are recovered very close to
<taxonomicName id="46D5FB7548824DF7AB350A0FCA6A29E5" authorityName="Theel" authorityYear="1886" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Paelopatides" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paelopatides" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BFA216015F40EF5772B82836371006CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paelopatides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="28550FDDCC4D7A5F2AA747C0C7F64B88" originalValue="Théel">Theel</normalizedToken>
, 1886, but COI divergence suggest they belong to different genera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C17E4A12E4543C5A68CB4DB38F4ED73" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="43A0171F296D49E70E05C8102B6AA933" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</emphasis>
This specimen was collected on the sedimented seafloor of a seamount on APEI 7 at 3095 m depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9BC80C6CED0A5ADB4D0188EF1163B11" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="F04AFA0268F8D4232CD556529022BD5F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</emphasis>
No similar
<taxonomicName id="BE94293BEB294B076D1253978AC27614" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
morphotypes have been so far catalogued from seabed imagery collected in the eastern CCZ nor in abyssal areas of the Kiribati EEZ. Consequently, the in situ image of CCZ_066 was catalogued as a new morphotype (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="3644AE37295224E00A62A2DC48BC6D78" authorityName="Ludwig" authorityYear="1894" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Synallactida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Synallactidae</taxonomicName>
gen. indet., HOL_121). The dorsal protrusions that differentiate HOL_121 from HOL_120 may not be clearly visible in vertically-facing seabed imagery, and hence these two taxa might only be classifiable into a single, generic morphotype (i.e., HOL_120) in quantitative analyses.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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