175 lines
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175 lines
17 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.25.5556" ID-PMC="PMC3819129" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-25-47" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF9971002B28FFD9C613FFD4FFE5FF9F" ID-PubMed="24198711" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576242" ModsDocID="1314-2003-25-47" checkinTime="1451251853702" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Robinson, Harold & Skvarla, John J." docDate="2013" docId="FB469EEEF6BF546B9D52C8D3B0D90FE7" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 25: 47-53" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 25" docPubDate="2013-07-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.25.5556" docTitle="Lettowia H. Rob. & Skvarla 2013, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FF9971002B28FFD9C613FFD4FFE5FF9F" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FF9971002B28FFD9C613FFD4FFE5FF9F" masterDocTitle="Lettowia, a new genus of Vernonieae from East Africa (Asteraceae)" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1668140878233" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Lettowia, a new genus of Vernonieae from East Africa (Asteraceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Robinson, Harold</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Dept. of Botany, MRC 166, National Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 37012, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20013 - 7012</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">robinsoh@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skvarla, John J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Dept. of Botany and Microbiology, Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73018 - 6131, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-07-19</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>47</mods:start>
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<mods:end>53</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.25.5556</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.25.5556</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-25-47</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FF9971002B28FFD9C613FFD4FFE5FF9F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576242</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229030" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB469EEEF6BF546B9D52C8D3B0D90FE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FB469EEEF6BF546B9D52C8D3B0D90FE7" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName LSID="FB469EEE-F6BF-546B-9D52-C8D3B0D90FE7" authority="H. Rob. & Skvarla" authorityName="H. Rob. & Skvarla" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lettowia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lettowia" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Lettowia H.Rob. & Skvarla</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="48">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Herbarium specimen of Lettowia nyassae (Oliv.) H. Rob. & Skvarla (A. Stolz 103, US)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10849" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F SEM of pollen. A-B Lettowia nyassae (Oliv.) H. Rob. & Skvarla (A. Stolz 103, US) A View with a pore B Surface lacking pores C-F Vernoniastrum nestor (S. Moore) H. Rob. (Burundi, Prov. Burundi, Gihofi (Mosso), 20 May 1980, Reekmans 9185, US) C View with a pore D Surface lacking pores E Closer view of lacuna with a pore F Closer view of surface without pores showing extra rows of baculae." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10850" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">, 2A, B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Robinson & Skvarla" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Robinson & Skvarla" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyassae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Vernonia nyassae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Oliv.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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Erect or decumbent perennial herbs from creeping rhizome or perennial root crown, all becoming erect, rosettiform, with erect pedunculate scapiform inflorescence; hirsute or pilose with long white hairs, hairs of stems, leaves and peduncles with cells uniseriate and with few short basal cells and long, acicular, rather stiff apical cell. Leaves alternate in loose basal rosette, mostly 2-4 cm long, petiole narrow, blade obovate, to 9 cm long and 1.5 cm wide, apically obtuse, cuneate into petiole at base, margins entire, slightly paler abaxially, pilose on margins and both surfaces, more densely pilose abaxially, few glandular dots adaxially, numerous dots abaxially. Scape
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="49" start="start">mostly</pageBreakToken>
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5-11 cm long, densely and stiffly hirsute, sometimes with small bract near middle, bearing 1 terminal head. Heads broadly campanulate, up to 2 cm high, 1.5-1.8 cm broad. Involucre with ca. 15-20 persistent, mostly subequal ovate-lanceolate bracts in ca. 2 series, up to ca. 1.5 cm long, apices acute, without acumination, densely pilose outside with long simple hairs, with 3 longitudinal veins, margins narrowly scarious, sometimes reddish. Receptacle epaleaceous; florets ca. 40 in a head; corollas lavender,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="50" start="start">ca</pageBreakToken>
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. 12 mm long, narrowly funnelform distally from slender basal tube, tube ca. 7 mm long, with stalked narrowly capitate glands outside, throat ca. 0.7 mm long, lobes linear, ca. 4.3 mm long, with glandular dots outside and numerous stiff uniseriate hairs distally; anther thecae ca. 3 mm long, with tapering bases, with short clavate tails, apical appendage oblong, glabrous, with tenuous cell walls; style base with narrow annular node; with acicular sweeping hairs restricted almost completely to branches; achenes weakly 5-costate, densely sericeous on and between ribs with long setulae, setulae slightly split at tips, glandular dots present near base, without evident idioblasts, raphids linear; carpopodium narrowly annuliform, with small quadrate cells; pappus of ca. 40 persistent barbellate bristles ca. 8 mm long, mostly of even width, tapering at extreme tips, with outer series of short narrowly lanceolate squamae. Chromosome number not known. Chemistry not known.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
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Pollen grains of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lettowia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nyassae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Lettowia nyassae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F SEM of pollen. A-B Lettowia nyassae (Oliv.) H. Rob. & Skvarla (A. Stolz 103, US) A View with a pore B Surface lacking pores C-F Vernoniastrum nestor (S. Moore) H. Rob. (Burundi, Prov. Burundi, Gihofi (Mosso), 20 May 1980, Reekmans 9185, US) C View with a pore D Surface lacking pores E Closer view of lacuna with a pore F Closer view of surface without pores showing extra rows of baculae." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10850" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
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) ca. 55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diam in fluid, ca. 45
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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dry, echinolophate, triporate, muri shortly echinate with 2-3 spicules on each mural segment, perforated tectum restricted to the muri. The lacunae are irregular in position and rather irregular in shape. The baculae are elongate, in a mostly single partially unaligned series under each murus, and they are firmly attached to the footlayer. In these features, the pollen is nearly like that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="H.E.Robinson" authorityYear="1999" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernoniastrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Vernoniastrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F SEM of pollen. A-B Lettowia nyassae (Oliv.) H. Rob. & Skvarla (A. Stolz 103, US) A View with a pore B Surface lacking pores C-F Vernoniastrum nestor (S. Moore) H. Rob. (Burundi, Prov. Burundi, Gihofi (Mosso), 20 May 1980, Reekmans 9185, US) C View with a pore D Surface lacking pores E Closer view of lacuna with a pore F Closer view of surface without pores showing extra rows of baculae." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10850" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
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), and the relationship to that genus in the subtribe
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Erlangeinae">Erlangeinae</taxonomicName>
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is assumed. In direct comparison with the single species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="H.E.Robinson" authorityYear="1999" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernoniastrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Vernoniastrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for which SEM study of the pollen is available (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-F SEM of pollen. A-B Lettowia nyassae (Oliv.) H. Rob. & Skvarla (A. Stolz 103, US) A View with a pore B Surface lacking pores C-F Vernoniastrum nestor (S. Moore) H. Rob. (Burundi, Prov. Burundi, Gihofi (Mosso), 20 May 1980, Reekmans 9185, US) C View with a pore D Surface lacking pores E Closer view of lacuna with a pore F Closer view of surface without pores showing extra rows of baculae." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10850" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Fig. 2C-F</figureCitation>
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), a number of subtle differences can be seen. In
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<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Rob. & Skvarla" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lettowia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Lettowia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the lacunae are larger in general and less numerous (ca. 25-30 in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Rob. & Skvarla" authorityYear="2013" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lettowia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Lettowia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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versus 35-40 in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="H.E.Robinson" authorityYear="1999" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernoniastrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Vernoniastrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), the spicules on the muri are shorter and less numerous, and the baculae under the muri are mostly in a single row. In both genera there are lacunae that are elongate as if two lacunae are joined, but these do not seem to be aligned in positions where colpi might be located.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10849" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Herbarium specimen of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lettowia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nyassae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Lettowia nyassae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Oliv.) H. Rob. & Skvarla (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">A. Stolz 103</emphasis>
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, US).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10850" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">A-F</emphasis>
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SEM of pollen.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">A-B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lettowia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nyassae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Lettowia nyassae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Oliv.) H. Rob. & Skvarla (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">A. Stolz 103</emphasis>
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, US)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">A</emphasis>
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View with a pore
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">B</emphasis>
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Surface lacking pores
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">C-F</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernoniastrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nestor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Vernoniastrum nestor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(S. Moore) H. Rob. (Burundi, Prov. Burundi, Gihofi (Mosso), 20 May 1980,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Reekmans 9185</emphasis>
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, US)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">C</emphasis>
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View with a pore
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">D</emphasis>
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Surface lacking pores
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">E</emphasis>
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Closer view of lacuna with a pore
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">F</emphasis>
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Closer view of surface without pores showing extra rows of baculae.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
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The genus is named for Colonel Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, 1870-1964 (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gunther, J" journalOrPublisher="Grana" pageId="4" pageNumber="51" refId="B5" refString="Gunther, J, 1956. Prussian Lion of Africa. True Magazine February issue: 33-35, 92-96." title="Prussian Lion of Africa. True Magazine February issue: 33 - 35, 92 - 96." year="1956">Gunther 1956</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoyt, EP" journalOrPublisher="Grana" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refId="B6" refString="Hoyt, EP, 1981. Guerilla; Colonel von Lettow-Vorbeck and Germany's East African Empire. MacMillan, New York, London, i-iv, 1-216." title="Guerilla; Colonel von Lettow-Vorbeck and Germany's East African Empire. MacMillan, New York, London, i-iv, 1 - 216." year="1981">Hoyt 1981</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Lettow-Vorbeck, PE von" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refId="B8" refString="Lettow-Vorbeck, PE von, 1920. My reminiscences of East Africa. Hurst and Blackett, Paternoster House, London, 1-336." title="My reminiscences of East Africa. Hurst and Blackett, Paternoster House, London, 1 - 336." year="1920">Lettow-Vorbeck 1920</bibRefCitation>
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), who led the defense of German East Africa in WWI until the surrender of Germany, and was remembered fondly by the people of the former German colony on a return visit after WWII.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="50">The genus contains the following single species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |