132 lines
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132 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.621.9725" ID-GBIF-Dataset="74277125-3b76-4f7e-bdf6-fd6cab5c43fc" ID-PMC="PMC5096046" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-621-37" ID-PubMed="27833418" ID-ZBK="8D67FF6F1ADC4CCE85272C6267F1C61D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-621-37" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 621" ModsDocTitle="The identity of the tropical African Polichnemukonja Griffini, 1908 (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae)" checkinTime="1475543017108" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Massa, Bruno" docDate="2016" docId="9435B6FFFA56C75BF1465026E5DE1B24" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 621: 37-44" docOrigin="ZooKeys 621" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.621.9725" docTitle="Catoptropterigini Massa, 2016, trib. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="7A9E56A9-2D0C-41C7-88F1-A6E836D84276" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFFBFFDACE70AF10B939FFB27E630A37" masterDocTitle="The identity of the tropical African Polichnemukonja Griffini, 1908 (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae)" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1668163586853" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The identity of the tropical African Polichnemukonja Griffini, 1908 (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Massa, Bruno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>621</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
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<mods:end>44</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.621.9725</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.621.9725</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-621-37</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">8D67FF6F1ADC4CCE85272C6267F1C61D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8D67FF6F1ADC4CCE85272C6267F1C61D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127876291" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A9E56A9-2D0C-41C7-88F1-A6E836D84276" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9435B6FFFA56C75BF1465026E5DE1B24" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Taxon classification Animalia Orthoptera Tettigoniidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7A9E56A9-2D0C-41C7-88F1-A6E836D84276" family="Tettigoniidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" rank="tribe" tribe="Catoptropterigini">Catoptropterigini</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="41">trib. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="type genus">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Type genus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Catoptropteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catoptropteryx" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catoptropteryx</taxonomicName>
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Karsch, 1890.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
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Currently the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Catoptropteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catoptropteryx" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catoptropteryx</taxonomicName>
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Karsch, 1890 belongs to the species group Ephippithytae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, together with another eleven genera found in Australia and Papua New Guinea. This group of species is very heterogeneous and probably the sole character that brings them together is the reduction of the female ovipositor, even if its structure is much different in some of them. To include the African genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Catoptropteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catoptropteryx" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catoptropteryx</taxonomicName>
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in this heterogeneous group of Australasian genera seems like a biogeographical nonsense. As a first step, the comparison of the African species
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Polichne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polichne mukonja" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukonja">Polichne mukonja</taxonomicName>
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described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Griffini, A" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe entomologique belgique" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="201 - 226" title="Phasgonuridae africane del R. Museo di Storia Naturale in Bruxelles. 6. Phaneropteridae pars 2 a (reliquae species omnes)." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/41740page/215/mode/1up" volume="15" year="1908">Griffini (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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was carried out on the type species
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Polichne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polichne parvicauda" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvicauda">Polichne parvicauda</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1861) (♀ from Australia, NMW), originally described as
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Phaneroptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phaneroptera" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaneroptera</taxonomicName>
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, and the following differences were noticed (Fig. 8): presence of fronto-genal carinae, eyes oval, fastigium sulcate, short ovipositor, but not as reduced as in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="mukonja" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="mukonja">mukonja</taxonomicName>
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, pronotum with a deep humeral excision, just longer than high, of different shape compared to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="mukonja" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" rank="species" species="mukonja">mukonja</taxonomicName>
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. Then, the type species of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ephippitytha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephippitytha" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ephippitytha</taxonomicName>
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1 Serville, 1838 [
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Ephippithyta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephippithyta trigintiduoguttata" order="Orthoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigintiduoguttata">Ephippithyta trigintiduoguttata</taxonomicName>
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(Serville, 1838)] was examined (6 specimens of both sexes from Australia, NMW). It has clear fronto-genal carinae, large spines on both margins of the hind femora, one spine on both apices of fore, mid and hind femur knees, pronotum centrally narrowed, similar to
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="42" start="start">a</pageBreakToken>
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saddle, ovipositor much reduced, but slender and pointed. In addition, the ovipositor of the other nine genera in the Ephippithytae group is heterogeneous even if reduced, eyes may be round or elongate and fronto-genal carinae may be both present or absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
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When the first species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Catoptropteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catoptropteryx" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catoptropteryx</taxonomicName>
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were discovered, they were described within the Australian genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Caedicia</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1874 (e.g.: afra: Karsch 1888; apicalis:
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<bibRefCitation author="Bolivar, I" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="169 - 185" title="Voyage de M. Ch. Alluaud dans le territoire d'Assinie (Afrique occidentale) en juillet et aout 1886. Orthopteres." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/34137page/175/mode/1up" volume="62" year="1893">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
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1893
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</bibRefCitation>
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), also included in the Ephippithytae group. Thus, when
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<bibRefCitation author="Karsch, F" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Nachrichten" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="353 - 369" title="Verzeichnis der von Herrn Dr. Paul Preuss auf der Barombi-Station in Deutsch-Westafrika 1890 gesammelten Locustodeen aus den Familien der Phaneropteriden, Mekonemiden und Gryllakriden." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/81935page/367/mode/1up" volume="16" year="1890">Karsch (1890)</bibRefCitation>
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erected for them the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Catoptropteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catoptropteryx" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catoptropteryx</taxonomicName>
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it was considered logical at the time to include this genus in the Ephippithytae group, erected by Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1878. However, also
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Caedicia</taxonomicName>
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is evidently different from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Catoptropteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catoptropteryx" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catoptropteryx</taxonomicName>
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(examined 6♂ of the type species of the genus,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia pictipes" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictipes">Caedicia pictipes</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
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, 1874, and a few specimens of the other six species,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia marginata" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">Caedicia marginata</taxonomicName>
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Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia concisa" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concisa">Caedicia concisa</taxonomicName>
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Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia septentrionalis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">Caedicia septentrionalis</taxonomicName>
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Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia simplex" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">Caedicia simplex</taxonomicName>
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(Walker, 1869),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia inermis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">Caedicia inermis</taxonomicName>
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Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Caedicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caedicia scalaris" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scalaris">Caedicia scalaris</taxonomicName>
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Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, all from Australia, NMW, coll. Brunner von Wattenwyl). The characteristics of this genus are: eyes round, small spines on femur knees, presence of spines on lower margins of femora, fronto-genal carinae. While these characters are evident in the type species, they are not always present in other species (e.g.: eyes may be oval, spines in femur knees may be absent). Overall, it may be confirmed that the Ephippithytae group is very heterogeneous and therefore it cannot be considered as a tribe.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
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Presently, in the light of the revision of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Catoptropteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Catoptropteryx" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Catoptropteryx</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Huxley, J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin British Museum natural History (Entomology)" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" pagination="129 - 170" title="A revision of the genus Catoptropteryx Karsch (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)." url="http://www.archive.org/details/bulletinofbritis24entolond" volume="24" year="1970">Huxley (1970)</bibRefCitation>
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and the discovery of the identity of the African
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Polichne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polichne mukonja" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukonja">Polichne mukonja</taxonomicName>
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Griffini, 1908 (now
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Griffinipteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Griffinipteryx mukonja" order="Orthoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukonja">Griffinipteryx mukonja</taxonomicName>
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), the new tribe
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="tribe" tribe="Catoptropterigini">Catoptropterigini</taxonomicName>
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seems a logical taxonomical consequence.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Characters of the tribe are the following. Fastigium narrower than first antennal segment, furrowed, face smooth without fronto-genal carinae, eyes round, very small spines or unarmed lower margins of fore and mid femora, hind femora with few small spines or unarmed, tegmina longer than wings, ovipositor very reduced.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |