treatments-xml/data/B7/E1/3D/B7E13D0EBEDF57E39E9E311C41BC5ECE.xml

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<mods:title id="B9F7C14532BD2213982698B7CB214A21">New records of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from Morocco</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D171BAC829B205EC172F9EB3E2BD573F">Rosa, Paolo</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="2185B8CF477C3C83EC3F1E3B23623E70" italics="true">Coelioxys ruficauda</emphasis>
Lepeletier, 1841
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<heading id="3D59E125478FA97EFDB13CD6934A0254" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
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</date>
; 
<collectorName id="705BFEE002A14B0DB338D14531B4E9CC">A. Sentil</collectorName>
leg.; 
<collectingMethod id="07D2C56322182229A397B302F7148B41">sweep net</collectingMethod>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELGAG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE774FF7A52A81B6D7F037646A370FD7">
<heading id="89657DC429F57983E9D1113E25574F41" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="76B5EF31563C8E9EA02A867B21CC3CF5">
The species belongs to the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="F77210D1E0876E08227F2E6E82F83275" authorityName="Tkalcu" authorityYear="1974" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Allocoelioxys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="392820428FE72033F2E2210A7EF2310E" italics="true">Allocoelioxys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which comprises usually smaller species with scale-like hair on the body (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="10827FA36788307F7DF6E7D927CD589F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Coelioxys ruficauda, female A lateral view B dorsal view. Coelioxys ruficauda, male C lateral view D dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069144">5 A – D</figureCitation>
). This species has snow-white hairs on the body and short last metasomal segments. Very often and especially in populations from North Africa, the bees display reddish pattern, especially on the last metasomal segments, parts of legs, flagellum and mandible. The portion of reddish colouration is smaller than in other related species, except 
<taxonomicName id="760D2416F2C1A6179D3A35222230F20C" authority="(Warncke 1992)" baseAuthorityName="Warncke" baseAuthorityYear="1992" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="echinatus">
<emphasis id="E0D0908D81DFC297FC8725B1CCB43503" italics="true">Coelioxys echinatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="134B9457F9C7A0CE8E24A8803E196DFF" author="Warncke" firstAuthor="Warncke" journalOrPublisher="Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg" pagination="31-77" refId="B46" refString="Warncke K (1992) Die westpaläarktischen Arten der Bienengattung Coelioxys Latr. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Megachilidae). Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg 196: 31–77." title="Die westpaläarktischen Arten der Bienengattung Coelioxys Latr. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Megachilidae)." volume="196" year="1992">Warncke 1992</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Both sexes have unbroken whitish apical bands on T 1 – T 5, while the band on male T 5 is wider than in the other species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3CCB9399C407FF67740776A4D9ECD4DA" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure5" ID-arpha="10EA3E18-2F27-56D5-A5FE-E4DB08F33F7B" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069144" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="5F10994CC3BD833C932F31647F4D3607">
<label id="7E9D5C84C917ACB2164B9CBA1BD51C70">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00C239122B4C281017D408C1E4691096">
<taxonomicName id="1623B4899528B5370983CBF56D053F4B" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficauda">
<emphasis id="7E7F5B5A561FCB55F2B4670B05C84AAC" italics="true">Coelioxys ruficauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female 
<emphasis id="20F3AF94B7EEC86E93DD2D84FF0AB755" bold="true">A</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="D35026CF04EEEAD5999C922525529FCE" bold="true">B</emphasis>
dorsal view. 
<taxonomicName id="86E67B6F0134F93F11EDD043D836CE33" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficauda">
<emphasis id="58FFCDAB9DB80410D0AD9FBD36734F89" italics="true">Coelioxys ruficauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male 
<emphasis id="C5CC25150321639C2E3FB3469832566A" bold="true">C</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="B61C2695E907CEF5A41C991DAF9E1242" bold="true">D</emphasis>
dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E8B855E75148A830A41EE11DEAFB9A96">
The male has unbroken whitish bands of scale-like hair on the metasoma (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="A39D6CBB1FD9F78E9F43BB45A01DE933" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Coelioxys ruficauda, female A lateral view B dorsal view. Coelioxys ruficauda, male C lateral view D dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069144">5 D</figureCitation>
) and the S 4 is without emargination. The T 2 has a transverse carina, which can differ this species from 
<taxonomicName id="794E5B5997B60684C3118AF6F13FF41C" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1941" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afer">
<emphasis id="0FF492C46DB5F260324CB48D85BD8795" italics="true">C. afer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which this carina is absent (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7B6F3122D754FD1833A56AAC3DAE9BA1" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Coelioxys ruficauda, female A lateral view B dorsal view. Coelioxys ruficauda, male C lateral view D dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069144">5 D</figureCitation>
). Medial teeth on T 6 are reduced and the whole S 6 is much more narrowed than in other related species (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="197B73E0AE47803D07F4823C2ABE7126" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Coelioxys ruficauda, female A last metasomal terga, dorsal view. Coelioxys ruficauda, male B last metasomal terga, dorsal view C genitalia, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069145">6 B</figureCitation>
). The female can be recognized by its slightly elongate last tergum and sternum of reddish colour (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C7934AC6FB1C05C28CB65E34FC7F8675" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Coelioxys ruficauda, female A last metasomal terga, dorsal view. Coelioxys ruficauda, male B last metasomal terga, dorsal view C genitalia, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069145">6 A</figureCitation>
). The apex of S 6 is triangular-shaped and bears reddish hairs, and is considered typical for this species (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E8FBD7574B41A8AFED236BCDE1FCBBF5" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Coelioxys ruficauda, female A last metasomal terga, dorsal view. Coelioxys ruficauda, male B last metasomal terga, dorsal view C genitalia, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069145">6 A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1E7FE338CA2270FF50B299CD3883CB03" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure6" ID-arpha="17872AF3-AD11-53EC-AF86-3724226FB994" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069145" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="9C018EBDABDE4032AF507854225EC130">
<label id="E986364C1D66D9DD7C8FED8A95851077">Figure 6.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="33872A71E1BD7E11054EA55AA92B6CD3">
<taxonomicName id="DDA043AB3C17DD078FB42F634BDA7ABC" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficauda">
<emphasis id="B3F6DA77EA9EAD7C4D4FABEDEE06F6C0" italics="true">Coelioxys ruficauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female 
<emphasis id="09E1D5C9FC64D71B01FAA12A7BB221F0" bold="true">A</emphasis>
last metasomal terga, dorsal view. 
<taxonomicName id="3D9382F556101BD6F5FE6F2E46997836" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficauda">
<emphasis id="849C7D031E1B894751CE61636701D639" italics="true">Coelioxys ruficauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male 
<emphasis id="90879C99C212F471D331481B35CB9110" bold="true">B</emphasis>
last metasomal terga, dorsal view 
<emphasis id="64C863A263AB3E8F0BB00AB30D9FE948" bold="true">C</emphasis>
genitalia, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="CBAF759BD09E1FC01496B664EED7C4C8">
The last metasomal segments are much narrower than those of all related species and the distance between apical tooth-like processes on last tergum and sternum is very small, much smaller than in all other similar species (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="30434554FBD44BE35BE00626BF75DB83" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Coelioxys ruficauda, female A last metasomal terga, dorsal view. Coelioxys ruficauda, male B last metasomal terga, dorsal view C genitalia, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.97.125408.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1069145">6 B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EILAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="53EA315399BD3611566AA124F6E5C333">
<heading id="26D2527F45099F527CEB186E15795156" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56142D4AE1F0795273B601C9BCC1E44B">
The species is known from southern and Central Europe, Middle East and North Africa (
<bibRefCitation id="0C6C589FBA53BB6C421411CD96D1A011" author="Warncke" firstAuthor="Warncke" journalOrPublisher="Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg" pagination="31-77" refId="B46" refString="Warncke K (1992) Die westpaläarktischen Arten der Bienengattung Coelioxys Latr. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Megachilidae). Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg 196: 31–77." title="Die westpaläarktischen Arten der Bienengattung Coelioxys Latr. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Megachilidae)." volume="196" year="1992">Warncke 1992</bibRefCitation>
), with the northern distribution border going through the 
<collectingCountry id="2BB7CD828AC1BCE44DCAD01D5A486A32" name="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2A2D1B5DEE0F1FCF344331B27E84CBC7" DOI="10.1111/icad.12680" author="Reverte" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Reverte" journalOrPublisher="Insect Conservation and Diversity" pagination="758-775" refId="B35" refString="Reverté S, Miličić M, Ačanski J, Andrić A, Aracil A, Aubert M, Balzan MV, Bartomeus I, Bogusch P, Bosch J, Budrys E, Cantú-Salazar L, Castro S, Cornalba M, Demeter I, Devalez J, Dorchin A, Dufrêne E, Đorđević A, Fisler L, Fitzpatrick Ú, Flaminio S, Földesi R, Gaspar H, Genoud D, Geslin B, Ghisbain G, Gilbert F, Gogala A, Grković A, Heimburg H, Herrera-Mesías F, Jacobs M, Janković Milosavljević M, Janssen K, Jensen JK, Ješovnik A, Józan Z, Karlis G, Kasparek M, Kovács-Hostyánszki A, Kuhlmann M, Le Divelec R, Leclercq N, Likov L, Litman J, Ljubomirov T, Madsen HB, Marshall L, Mazánek L, Milić D, Mignot M, Mudri-Stojnić S, Müller A, Nedeljković Z, Nikolić P, Ødegaard F, Patiny S, Paukkunen J, Pennards G, Pérez-Bañón C, Perrard A, Petanidou T, Pettersson LB, Popov G, Popov S, Praz C, Prokhorov A, Quaranta M, Radchenko VG, Radenković S, Rasmont P, Rasmussen C, Reemer M, Ricarte A, Risch S, Roberts SPM, Rojo S, Ropars L, Rosa P, Ruiz C, Sentil A, Shparyk V, Smit J, Sommaggio D, Soon V, Ssymank A, Ståhls G, Stavrinides M, Straka J, Tarlap P, Terzo M, Tomozii B, Tot T, van der Ent LJ, van Steenis J, van Steenis W, Varnava AI, Vereecken NJ, Veselić S, Vesnić A, Weigand A, Wisniowski B, Wood TJ, Zimmermann D, Michez D, Vujić A (2023) National records of 3000 European bee and hoverfly species: A contribution to pollinator conservation. Insect Conservation and Diversity 16: 758–775. https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12680" title="National records of 3000 European bee and hoverfly species: A contribution to pollinator conservation." volume="16" year="2023">Reverté et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
). In Europe, most records are known from the South-West (South of 
<collectingCountry id="19EB7D98B2DB9DCB88F284FD500E0C6B" name="France">France</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="58F56C05B29F97F6E22F1B09B0267DD1" name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="9D73B89860A2A3B401DF65814EFA3ED3" name="Portugal">Portugal</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="E96E088A20F0010EB8E42C492493E13C" author="Baldock" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Baldock" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna Supplement" pagination="1-164" refId="B2" refString="Baldock DW, Wood TJ, Smit JT (2018) The bees of Portugal (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). Entomofauna Supplement 22: 1–164." title="The bees of Portugal (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila)." volume="22" year="2018">Baldock et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). It occurs mainly in dry habitats with a high proportion of salt in the ground and it is everywhere considered to be a rare species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1LAG" type="host">
<paragraph id="3378BB3A62E7E02506781CD58418B42B">
<heading id="02003A1402D5736FC4805800C357AED5" reason="title">Host.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D46160BED75C704570C5C045991D833">
This species is a cuckoo bee and therefore does not collect pollen. 
<taxonomicName id="ECD4535E69DE4977BAEB409861EA7895" authorityName="Perez" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptoria">
<emphasis id="D8D86406F4DA2180618F1CB07ED9D61A" italics="true">Megachile deceptoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(P. Bogusch, personal observation) is its main host species in Central Europe. Both sexes feed on nectar of various plants, usually of the family 
<taxonomicName id="0F72F180EFCD4BCDD5EE16F12E32E5C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="16312E543F841472BCA5C7829DC3F141" italics="true">e. g.</emphasis>
, genera 
<taxonomicName id="2BF52727EDB1384F92F883E15652F34D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1E1DAEE44521415C5D252A24B7172C63" italics="true">Centaurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3ED9A61314F64055447EBC37F04D9E16" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A43E1D1AC87C9DAC9FF9D74185B682D0" italics="true">Cirsium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="EA151B1287DBFB6FE8820159662EE166" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Inula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5C86EA3DB614636055E095987BB59567" italics="true">Inula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHNAG" type="Further information">
<paragraph id="6D79B56B481E229C89A333A39ABF3C61">
<heading id="A7CC2820DF411DC21DB4BD287753864B" reason="title">Further information.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E691C5E1F6A1A0B7751A78D59377FBEB">
<bibRefCitation id="49DD3CB0AD87674ABDAE4CA0AEE59B11" author="Warncke K" firstAuthor="Warncke" journalOrPublisher="Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg" pagination="31-77" refId="B46" refString="Warncke K (1992) Die westpaläarktischen Arten der Bienengattung Coelioxys Latr. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Megachilidae). Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg 196: 31–77." title="Die westpaläarktischen Arten der Bienengattung Coelioxys Latr. (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Megachilidae)." volume="196" year="1992">Warncke (1992)</bibRefCitation>
found out that this species was for a long time recorded under the junior synonym 
<taxonomicName id="9CB65F045E5B78A5F2BE4683EB09595C" authority="Perez, 1884" authorityName="Perez" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Coelioxys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusa">
<emphasis id="7BF28E0445A5093F5BECAA6505732AC9" italics="true">Coelioxys obtusa</emphasis>
Pérez, 1884
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>