266 lines
32 KiB
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266 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298" ID-GBIF-Dataset="21975627-96b7-45c7-9c80-0a73a850169a" ID-PMC="PMC7387366" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-950-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" ID-PubMed="32774101" ID-ZooBank="3E805885D3354FB3AE8DFA443FAD82AE" ModsDocID="1313-2970-950-51" checkinTime="1595285263451" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Takaoka, Hiroyuki, Srisuka, Wichai, Fukuda, Masako & Saeung, Atiporn" docDate="2020" docId="29E090A6CBD15523B41C236188BC5925" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 950: 51-152" docOrigin="ZooKeys 950" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298" docTitle="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) phapeungense Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="25D1EED4-BFCB-4080-9122-9D511575114C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" masterDocTitle="Twenty-one new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships" masterLastPageNumber="152" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1668169112888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Twenty-one new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Srisuka, Wichai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Entomology Section, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, P. O. Box 7, Maerim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fukuda, Masako</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Research Promotion, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1 - 1, Hasama, Yufu City, Oita, 879 - 5593, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Saeung, Atiporn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-5992</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">atisaeung.noi@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>950</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
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<mods:end>152</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-950-51</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3E805885D3354FB3AE8DFA443FAD82AE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="165843377" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:25D1EED4-BFCB-4080-9122-9D511575114C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/29E090A6CBD15523B41C236188BC5925" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName LSID="29E090A6-CBD1-5523-B41C-236188BC5925" authority="Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda" authorityName="Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) phapeungense" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phapeungense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">Simulium (Gomphostilbia) phapeungense Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figs 10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 25N</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Holotype</emphasis>
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: Male (thorax for DNA analysis) (with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon) (in 80% ethanol) labeled as "Holotype:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium phapeungense" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phapeungense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Simulium phapeungense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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male, QSBG col. no. 107, Thailand, 12-VII-2017, by W. Srisuka", collected from a stream (width 120 cm, depth 2 cm, bed sandy, fast flow, pH 7.6, 21.2 °C, partially shade, elevation 1,034 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.5" value="19.616251">19°36'58.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.2" value="97.99672">97°59'48.2"E</geoCoordinate>
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), at Pha Peung, Muang District, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand, 12-VII-2017, by W. Srisuka (Coll. No.107).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Paratype</emphasis>
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: One male (thorax for DNA analysis) (with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon) (in 80% ethanol), same data as for holotype; five mature larvae (one mature larva for DNA analysis) (in 80% ethanol), collected from a stream (width 80 cm, depth 2.5 cm, moderate flow, pH 7.2, 20.1 °C, partially shaded, elevation 1,157 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="10.3" value="19.186193">19°11'10.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.7" value="101.07825">101°04'41.7"E</geoCoordinate>
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), Nam Dan Village, Pua District, Nan Province, Thailand, 25-VII-2017, by W. Srisuka (Coll. No. 60).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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Male: small number of brown upper-eye (large) facets in eleven vertical columns and 13 horizontal rows, and widened hind basitarsus (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10A</figureCitation>
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) 1.2 times as wide as the hind femur. Pupa: dorsum of pupal abdominal segments 1 and 2 without minute tubercles. Larva: abdominal segments 1, 3, 4, and 5 light grey (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">25N</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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Male, pupa and larva of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. phapeungense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="phapeungense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. phapeungense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A-E</emphasis>
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male
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">F-H</emphasis>
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pupa
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">I, J</emphasis>
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larva
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
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hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
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coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
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style (right side; ventrolateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">D</emphasis>
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ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">E</emphasis>
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ventral plate (caudal view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">F</emphasis>
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gill filaments (right side; lateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">G</emphasis>
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terminal hooks (caudal view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">H</emphasis>
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cocoon (dorsal view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">I</emphasis>
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head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">J</emphasis>
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postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">H</emphasis>
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); 0.1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">F, I, J</emphasis>
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); 0.02 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A-E</emphasis>
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); 0.01 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">G</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Male</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
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= 2). Body length 2.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
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Somewhat wider than thorax. Upper eye dark brown, consisting of large facets in eleven vertical columns and 13 horizontal rows on each side. Antenna: first flagellomere elongate, 1.5 times length of second. Maxillary palpus: proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth palpomeres 1.0:1.3:2.7; sensory vesicle ellipsoidal, 0.18-0.21 times length of third palpomere.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Legs.</emphasis>
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Foreleg: tibia whitish except apical three-tenths dark brown; basitarsus somewhat dilated, 6.9 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: tarsus dark brown except basal one-third of basitarsus dark yellow (border not well defined). Hind leg: coxa light brown; tibia light to dark brown except little less than basal half whitish; tarsus (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10A</figureCitation>
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) dark brown except basal half of basitarsus and basal one-third of second tarsomere whitish to yellowish white; basitarsus (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10A</figureCitation>
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) enlarged, 3.5 times as long as wide, and 1.0 and 1.2 times as wide as greatest width of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10A</figureCitation>
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) 0.27 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Wing.</emphasis>
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Length 2.0 mm. Subcosta with five hairs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Genitalia.</emphasis>
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Style in ventral view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10B</figureCitation>
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) bent inward, with round apex. Ventral plate in ventral view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10B</figureCitation>
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) with basal arms nearly parallel-sided, then convergent apically; ventral plate in caudal view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10E</figureCitation>
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) with ventral margin nearly straight or slightly concave. Cercus with 12 or 13 hairs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Pupa</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
|
|
= 2). Body length 2.5 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
|
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Integument yellow.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Integument yellow, moderately covered with round tubercles except dorsal surface of posterior two-thirds sparsely covered with tubercles and dorsolateral surfaces of posterior two-thirds almost bare. Gill (Fig.
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10F</figureCitation>
|
|
) composed of eight slender thread-like filaments, arranged as (3+3)+2 from dorsal to ventral; common basal stalk 0.7-0.8 times length of interspiracular trunk; dorsal and middle triplets each composed of three individual filaments arising at same level; stalk of ventral pair of filaments variable in length, 0.9-1.3 times length of common basal stalk, and 0.7-1.0 times length of interspiracular trunk; primary stalk of dorsal triplet lying against that of lower pair at angle of 50-60° when viewed laterally; filaments of dorsal triplet subequal in length (1.9-2.0 mm) and thickness to one another; filaments of middle triplet subequal in length (2.0-2.2 mm) and thickness to one another; two filaments of ventral pair, of which apical tips were lost, probably ca. 2.5 mm long and 1.3-1.8 times as thick as six other filaments of dorsal and middle triplets when compared basally.
|
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</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
|
Dorsally, all segments light yellowish except bases of spine-combs of segments 6-8 yellow; segments 1 and 2 without minute tubercles; segment 9 with pair of wide flat terminal hooks (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10G</figureCitation>
|
|
), of which outer margin 2.5-2.6 times length of inner margin and crenulated when viewed caudally.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10H</figureCitation>
|
|
). Pale yellow or medium brown, slipper-shaped, roughly or moderately woven, somewhat extended ventrolaterally; anterior margin thickly woven medially, often with small bulge; individual threads visible; 2.8-3.3 mm long by 2.0 mm wide.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Mature larva</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
|
|
= 4). Body length 4.8-5.2 mm. Body creamy white to light ochreous with following color markings: thoracic segment 1 encircled with distinct grey band (though disconnected ventromedially), thoracic segments 2 and 3 grey on ventral surface; abdominal segments 1, 3, 4, and 5 light grey, abdominal segment 4 with reddish brown small spots dorsolaterally in one larva, abdominal segments 5 and 6 each with distinct reddish brown, W-shaped, transverse band dorsally (though that on abdominal segment 6 partially faded, leaving one round dorsomedial spot and two lateral spots of various size and shape), dorsal and dorsolateral surface of abdominal segments 7 and 8 faintly greyish partially, overlaid by reddish brown pigment (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">25N</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
|
|
Head capsule yellow except narrow portion along posterior margin moderately darkened connected to dark posterolateral spots; head spots faintly to moderately positive. Antenna: proportional lengths of first, second, and third articles 1.0:0.8:0.8. Labral fan with 30-33 primary rays. Hypostoma: lateral margin with four to six hypostomal bristles per side. Postgenal cleft (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10I, J</figureCitation>
|
|
) rounded (in three larvae) or somewhat pointed (in two larvae), 1.0-2.0 times length of postgenal bridge.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
|
Rectal organ compound, each of three lobes with 11-14 finger-like secondary lobules. Posterior circlet with 85-87 rows of hooklets with up to 14 or 15 hooklets per row.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Female.</emphasis>
|
|
Unknown.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
|
The species name,
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="phapeungense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="phapeungense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">phapeungense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, refers to the name of the village, Pha Peung, where this species was collected.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Thailand (Mae Hong Son and Nan).</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium phapeungense" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phapeungense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Simulium phapeungense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. loeiense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="loeiense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. loeiense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. described above by having the small number of brown upper-eye (large) facets in eleven vertical columns and 13 horizontal rows and a widened hind basitarsus (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male, pupa and larva of S. phapeungense sp. nov. A-E male F-H pupa I, J larva A hind basitarsus and second tarsomere (left side; lateral view) B coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view) C style (right side; ventrolateral view) D ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view) E ventral plate (caudal view) F gill filaments (right side; lateral view) G terminal hooks (caudal view) H cocoon (dorsal view) I head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view) J postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (H); 0.1 mm (F, I, J); 0.02 mm (A-E); 0.01 mm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433874" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10A</figureCitation>
|
|
) 1.2 times as wide as the hind femur. However, this new species is readily distinguished from the latter species by the dorsum of pupal abdominal segments 1 and 2 without minute tubercles and larval abdominal segments 1, 3, 4, and 5 light grey (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Schematic illustrations of larval body color patterns (dorsal view). A S. teerachanense sp. nov. B S. pitasawatae sp. nov. C S. sutheppuiense sp. nov. D S. asakoae E S. klonglanense sp. nov. F S. namdanense sp. nov. G S. chaowaense sp. nov. H S. loeiense sp. nov. I S. huaimorense sp. nov. J S. nanoiense sp. nov. K S. junkumae sp. nov. L S. myanmarense M S. maewongense sp. nov. N S. phapeungense sp. nov. O S. muangpanense sp. nov. P S. maehongsonense sp. nov. Q S. thungchangense sp. nov. R S. chiangdaoense S S. inthanonense (morph 1) T S. inthanonense (morph 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433889" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">25N</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |