460 lines
64 KiB
XML
460 lines
64 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="875BBB08D2C13F796CE2AE039C737B00">Systematics and ecology of species of the Polydora - complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) of the Black Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="306FCA2458EF0A69F30FD25D78180537">Surugiu, Victor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1B2461D866955DF3B948FFB4ACF5B632">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C990179364215CE26D735B2B7CF0B3FA">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="DD1587CF4A75DF3FFF0FD105AF46FDE5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6172875" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119528570" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6172875" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD1587CF4A75DF3FFF0FD105AF46FDE5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD1587CF4A75DF3FFF0FD105AF46FDE5" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="1DA665524A75DF3CFF0FD105AAD9FA6B" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="550336D94A75DF3CFF0FD105A859FA8A" blockId="8.[151,884,1339,1433]" box="[151,629,1374,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
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<heading id="0E4B81B54A75DF3CFF0FD105A859FA8A" bold="true" box="[151,629,1374,1400]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFF0FD105A859FA8A" ID-CoL="36PZC" authority="Jacobi, 1883" authorityName="Jacobi" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,629,1374,1400]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
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<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFF0FD105A859FA8A" bold="true" box="[151,629,1374,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFF0FD105ABECFA8A" bold="true" box="[151,448,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Dipolydora quadrilobata</emphasis>
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(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFE57D105A841FA8A" author="Jacobi" box="[463,621,1374,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jacobi, R. (1883) Anatomisch-histogische Untersuchung der Polydoren der Keiler Bucht. Inaugural Dissertation, Keil: 1 - 35." type="book chapter" year="1883">Jacobi, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="550336D94A75DF3CFF0FD1DAAAD9FA6B" blockId="8.[151,884,1339,1433]" box="[151,245,1409,1433]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
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<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A75DF3CFF0FD1DAAAD9FA6B" box="[151,245,1409,1433]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1DA665524A75DF3CFF0FD192A8F6F9AB" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="550336D94A75DF3CFF0FD192A9DBF9EE" blockId="8.[151,1437,1481,1626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="75AC11F74A75DF3CFF0FD192A9DBF9EE" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFF0FD192A806FA2D" ID-CoL="784FV" authority="Jacobi, 1883: 3" authorityName="Jacobi" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,554,1481,1503]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
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<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFF0FD192ABAEFA2D" box="[151,386,1481,1503]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Polydora quadrilobata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFE13D192A806FA2D" author="Jacobi" box="[395,554,1481,1503]" page="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="1883">
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<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFE13D192A83DFA2D" author="Jacobi" box="[395,529,1481,1503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jacobi, R. (1883) Anatomisch-histogische Untersuchung der Polydoren der Keiler Bucht. Inaugural Dissertation, Keil: 1 - 35." type="book chapter" year="1883">Jacobi, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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: 3
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 2 pls;
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<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFDE3D192A90AFA2D" author="Mesnil" box="[635,806,1481,1503]" page="87" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="1897">
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<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFDE3D192A8D3FA2D" author="Mesnil" box="[635,767,1481,1503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Mesnil, F. (1897) Etudes de morphologie externe chez les Annelides. II. Remarques complementaires sur les Spionidiens, la famille nouvelle de disomidiens. La place des Aonides (sensu Tauber, Levinsen). Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique, 30, 83 - 100, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1897">Mesnil 1897</bibRefCitation>
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: 87
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</treatmentCitation>
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–88, pl. 3, figs. 9–11;
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<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFB97D192AE96FA2D" author="Fauvel" box="[1039,1210,1481,1503]" page="54" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="1927">
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<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFB97D192AEBFFA2D" author="Fauvel" box="[1039,1171,1481,1503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Fauvel, P. (1927) Polychetes sedentaires. Addenda aux Errantes, Archiannelides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16, Paul Lechevalier, Paris, 494 pp." type="book" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
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: 54
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 18l–r;
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<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFAAFD192AB1FFA0F" author="Uschakov" page="272" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="1955">
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<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFAAFD192AAD1FA0C" author="Uschakov" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Uschakov, P. V. (1955) Polychaeta of the Far Eastern Seas of the U. S. S. R. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Moscow-Leningrad, 445 pp." type="book" year="1955">Uschakov 1955</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 272
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 94A–D;
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<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFE5FD1B3A858FA0C" author="Blake" box="[455,628,1512,1534]" page="37" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="1969">
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<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFE5FD1B3A861FA0C" author="Blake" box="[455,589,1512,1534]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969 a) Reproduction and larval development of Polydora from northern New England (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Ophelia, 7, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="1969" yearSuffix="a">Blake 1969a</bibRefCitation>
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: 37
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</treatmentCitation>
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–51, figs. 27–37 (larvae); 1971: 13–15, fig. 9 (synonymy);
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<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFB7FD1B2AAC7F9EE" author="Rasmussen" page="111" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFB7FD1B2AFB4FA0F" author="Rasmussen" box="[1255,1432,1512,1534]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Rasmussen, E. (1973) Systematics and ecology of the Isefjord marine fauna (Denmark). Ophelia, 11, 1 - 507." type="journal article" year="1973">Rasmussen 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 111
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–112; Radashevsky 1993: 18–21, fig. 9 (synonymy);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFC9DD25DA9DFF9EE" author="Sato-Okoshi" box="[773,1011,1542,1564]" page="445" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFC9DD25DA9EDF9EE" author="Sato-Okoshi" box="[773,961,1542,1564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (2000) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 2. Non-boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 80, 443 - 456." type="journal article" year="2000">Sato-Okoshi 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 445
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A75DF3CFF0FD27EA9C0F9C9" blockId="8.[151,1437,1481,1626]" box="[151,1004,1573,1595]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="75AC11F74A75DF3CFF0FD27EA9C0F9C9" box="[151,1004,1573,1595]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFF0FD27EABD9F9C9" ID-CoL="784FV" box="[151,501,1573,1595]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata" subGenus="Polydora">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFF0FD27EABD9F9C9" box="[151,501,1573,1595]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Polydora (Polydora) quadrilobata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFD9AD27EA91BF9C9" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[514,823,1573,1595]" page="319" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFD9AD27EA92BF9C9" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[514,775,1573,1595]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1996) Annelida, Borstenwurmer, Polychaeta. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Vol. 2. Neubearbeitete Auflage, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 58, 648 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hartmann-Schröder 1996</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 319
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–320, fig. 144a–f.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="550336D94A75DF3CFF0FD21FA8F6F9AB" blockId="8.[151,1437,1481,1626]" box="[151,730,1603,1626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="75AC11F74A75DF3CFF0FD21FA8F6F9AB" box="[151,730,1603,1626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
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||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFF0FD21FABBAF9A8" ID-CoL="36PZC" box="[151,406,1604,1626]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFF0FD21FABBAF9A8" box="[151,406,1604,1626]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Dipolydora quadrilobata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D41D10C84A75DF3CFE3BD218A860F9AB" author="Blake" box="[419,588,1603,1625]" page="198" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A75DF3CFE3BD218A836F9AB" author="Blake" box="[419,538,1603,1625]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Spionidae Grube, 1850. Including a review of the genera and species from California and a revision of the genus Polydora Bosc, 1802. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. & Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, pp. 81 - 223." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 198
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 4.32I–N.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DA665524A75DF3DFF0FD2DDAFB0FE06" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A75DF3DFF0FD2DDAFB0FE06" blockId="8.[151,1436,1670,2019]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFF0FD2DDABD6F96D" bold="true" box="[151,506,1670,1695]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DAB76494A75DF3CFE11D2DDABDAF96D" box="[393,502,1670,1695]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sta. 190–4/VA2, Varna (43°08.17ʹN, 28°14.41ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFBA3D2DDAEA0F96C" box="[1083,1164,1670,1694]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.37" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="33.7">33.7 m</quantity>
|
||
, muddy seabed,
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||
<date id="210210194A75DF3CFAD1D2DDAAFEF930" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2008-03-23">23 Mar 2008</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY044 (46);
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFD2BD2F1A905F931" bold="true" box="[691,809,1706,1731]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DAB76494A75DF3CFD2BD2F1A908F931" box="[691,804,1706,1731]" name="Romania" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Romania</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sta. 89, Eforie Nord,
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFBB5D2F1AE47F930" box="[1069,1131,1706,1730]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
, medium-grained sand,
|
||
<date id="210210194A75DF3CFA18D2F1AB25F914" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2003-08-20">20 Aug 2003</date>
|
||
, coll. V. Abaza (1); Sta. 91, Tuzla,
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFD0CD295A8E3F914" box="[660,719,1742,1766]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
, sand mixed with shell debris,
|
||
<date id="210210194A75DF3CFBB4D295AEEEF914" box="[1068,1218,1742,1767]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2003-08-20">20 Aug 2003</date>
|
||
, coll. V. Abaza (6); Sta. BS07/MA07 (43°46.47ʹN, 28°31.05ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFD0CD2A9A8CBF8F8" box="[660,743,1778,1802]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="33.5">33.5 m</quantity>
|
||
, silty mud,
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||
<date id="210210194A75DF3CFCE9D2A9AE2AF8F8" box="[881,1030,1778,1803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2007-04-20">20 Apr 2007</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY045 (2); Sta. BS05/66 (44°13.37ʹN, 29°38.03ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFD07D34DA8DEF8DC" box="[671,754,1814,1838]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.029999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="60.3">60.3 m</quantity>
|
||
, mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFCE2D34DAF1AF8DC" authority="Philippi, 1844" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1844" box="[890,1334,1814,1838]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaseolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFCE2D34DAE58F8DC" box="[890,1140,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Modiolula phaseolina</emphasis>
|
||
(Philippi, 1844)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="210210194A75DF3CFADDD34DAAFEF8A0" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2007-08-10">10 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY046 (2); Sta. BS05/01 (44°19.29ʹN, 29°30.27ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFBE2D361AE94F8A0" box="[1146,1208,1850,1874]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="56.0">56 m</quantity>
|
||
, greenish-grey mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFF57D305ABC4F884" box="[207,488,1886,1910]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFF57D305ABC4F884" box="[207,488,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Mytilus galloprovincialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFD86D33BA892F884" box="[542,702,1886,1911]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaseolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFD86D33BA892F884" box="[542,702,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">M. phaseolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shells,
|
||
<date id="210210194A75DF3CFC8AD305A989F884" box="[786,933,1886,1911]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2007-08-11">11 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY047 (99); Sta. BS05/03 (44°19ʹ27ʹ N, 29°33ʹ35ʹ E),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFDD8D3D9A8BFF868" box="[576,659,1922,1946]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.45" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="54.5">54.5 m</quantity>
|
||
, mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFC82D3DFA991F869" box="[794,957,1923,1947]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaseolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFC82D3DFA991F869" box="[794,957,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">M. phaseolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="210210194A75DF3CFC56D3D9AE44F868" box="[974,1128,1922,1947]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2007-08-11">11 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY048 (357); Sta. BS05/28 (44°11.29ʹN, 29°40.57ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFC81D3FDA946F84C" box="[793,874,1958,1982]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.06" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="60.6">60.6 m</quantity>
|
||
, mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A75DF3CFC76D3F3AEBCF84C" box="[1006,1168,1958,1983]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaseolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A75DF3CFC76D3F3AEBCF84C" box="[1006,1168,1958,1983]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">M. phaseolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="210210194A75DF3CFB39D3FDAF15F84C" box="[1185,1337,1958,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2007-08-11">11 Aug 2007</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY049 (3); Sta. S–RO1–02 Portiţa (44°38.482ʹN, 29°39.845ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A75DF3CFBEAD391AEEBF810" box="[1138,1223,1994,2018]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.01" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="50.1">50.1 m</quantity>
|
||
, black muds with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFF0FD4C3AB71FF42" box="[151,349,152,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Melinna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="palmata">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFF0FD4C3AB71FF42" box="[151,349,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Melinna palmata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFE07D4C2A813FF42" box="[415,575,153,176]" class="Bivalvia" family="Myidae" genus="Mya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arenaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFE07D4C2A813FF42" box="[415,575,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Mya arenaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="210210194A74DF3DFDCBD4C3A8CCFF5D" box="[595,736,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" value="2008-04-07">7 Apr 2008</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY050 (114); Sta. BS08/91–1 (43°50ʹ29.43ʹ N, 29°15ʹ27.68ʹ E),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFD8BD4E7A84EFF26" box="[531,610,188,212]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="62.5">62.5 m</quantity>
|
||
, mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFD45D4E6A951FF26" box="[733,893,188,212]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaseolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFD45D4E6A951FF26" box="[733,893,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">M. phaseolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="210210194A74DF3DFC12D4E7AE39FF26" box="[906,1045,188,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" value="2008-06-21">21 Jun 2008</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY051 (2); Sta. BS08/05 (43°59ʹ31.00ʹ N, 29°21ʹ31.18ʹ E),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFD7FD484A908FF05" box="[743,804,223,247]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="56.0">56 m</quantity>
|
||
, greenish-grey mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFBD1D4BBAEB1FF0A" box="[1097,1181,224,248]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFBD1D4BBAEB1FF0A" box="[1097,1181,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Mytilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFB40D4BBAF61FF0A" box="[1240,1357,224,248]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFB40D4BBAF61FF0A" box="[1240,1357,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Modiolula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shells,
|
||
<date id="210210194A74DF3DFF0FD55FAB0BFEEE" box="[151,295,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" value="2008-06-22">22 Jun 2008</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY052 (92); Sta. BS08/45–1 (43°55ʹ29.71ʹ N, 29°21ʹ24.84ʹ E),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFADDD55FAFBBFEEE" box="[1349,1431,260,284]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9799999999999995" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="59.8">59.8 m</quantity>
|
||
, greenish-grey mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFE29D573A829FEB2" box="[433,517,296,320]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFE29D573A829FEB2" box="[433,517,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Mytilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFDD8D573A898FEB2" box="[576,692,296,320]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFDD8D573A898FEB2" box="[576,692,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Modiolula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shells,
|
||
<date id="210210194A74DF3DFC97D57CA98CFECD" box="[783,928,295,319]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" value="2008-06-22">22 Jun 2008</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY053 (9); Sta. BS08/22 (43°57ʹ31ʹ N, 29°17ʹ81ʹ E),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFDA3D517A8A1FE96" box="[571,653,332,356]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.529999999999999" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="55.3">55.3 m</quantity>
|
||
, greenish-grey mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFC28D517AE28FE96" box="[944,1028,332,356]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFC28D517AE28FE96" box="[944,1028,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Mytilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFBA5D517AE9EFE96" box="[1085,1202,332,356]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFBA5D517AE9EFE96" box="[1085,1202,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Modiolula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shells,
|
||
<date id="210210194A74DF3DFA91D517AFB4FE96" box="[1289,1432,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" value="2008-06-23">23 Jun 2008</date>
|
||
, coll. A. Teacä, MNINGA PLY054 (5);
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFDC8D534A890FE7A" bold="true" box="[592,700,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DAB76494A74DF3DFDC8D534A89AFE7A" box="[592,694,367,392]" name="Ukraine" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sta. 140–3/Phy4a (45°39.11ʹN, 31°20.78ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFB26D534AF22FE75" box="[1214,1294,367,391]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.61" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="46.1">46.1 m</quantity>
|
||
, pelitic sand with shell rubble and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFE34D5CFA814FE5E" box="[428,568,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Phyllophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFE34D5CFA814FE5E" box="[428,568,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Phyllophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="210210194A74DF3DFDD7D5CFA8D8FE5E" box="[591,756,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" value="2008-03-15">15 Mar 2008</date>
|
||
, MNINGA PLY055 (3); Sta. 156–2/DN10 (45°26.95ʹN, 30°59.28ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFEB5D5ECAB52FE3D" box="[301,382,439,463]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="45.5">45.5 m</quantity>
|
||
, pelitic sand with shell rubble and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFC92D5E3A9BAFE22" box="[778,918,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Phaneropteridae" genus="Phyllophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFC92D5E3A9BAFE22" box="[778,918,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Phyllophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="210210194A74DF3DFC3DD5ECAE15FE3D" box="[933,1081,439,463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" value="2008-03-17">17 Mar 2008</date>
|
||
, MNINGA PLY056 (287); Sta. 159–4/Phy7 (45°34.13ʹN, 30°17.38ʹE),
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFDC8D587A88CFE06" box="[592,672,476,500]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="23.4">23.4 m</quantity>
|
||
, silty mud with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFCCBD587A98BFE06" box="[851,935,476,500]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFCCBD587A98BFE06" box="[851,935,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Mytilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shells,
|
||
<date id="210210194A74DF3DFC63D587AEA1FE06" box="[1019,1165,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" value="2008-03-18">18 Mar 2008</date>
|
||
, MNINGA PLY057 (2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DA665524A74DF3DFF5FD5A4A9CDF94D" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD5A4A90EFDCE" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFF5FD5A4AB75FDEA" bold="true" box="[199,345,511,536]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Up to
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFE31D5A4ABD5FDE5" box="[425,505,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFDDBD5A4A884FDE5" box="[579,680,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at chaetiger 5, with up to 90 chaetigers. Colour of preserved worms pale yellowish. Body without dorsal pigmentation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD61CA8C3FD1D" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Prostomium more or less distinctly incised anteriorly, forming two rounded lobes; caruncle indistinct, extending to posterior end of chaetiger 3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A74DF3DFD0AD637A8F6FD76" box="[658,730,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Occipital antenna absent. Eyes usually absent in adults; juveniles with four eyes arranged in nearly straight transverse row with the outer pair larger and irregular in shape. Nuchal organs as long, narrow ciliary bands on lateral sides of caruncle. Palps long, flexible, with prominent ciliated groove, extending posteriorly to chaetiger 15.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD6A7ABFFFBFD" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Chaetiger 1 biramous, with well-developed podial lobes, carrying both short notopodial capillaries and more numerous neuropodial capillaries (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A74DF3DFD87D744A84FFCC5" box="[543,611,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Chaetigers 2–4 and 6 with noto- and neuropodial fascicles of winged capillary chaetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A74DF3DFEFDD71FAB86FCAE" box="[357,426,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). Notochaetae arranged in two vertical rows of shorter and thicker capillaries plus a dorsal superior tuft of longer and thinner capillaries. Neurochaetae also as two vertical rows of thick capillaries and a ventral inferior tuft of thinner and shorter capillaries. Number of capillary notochaetae diminishing toward posterior end. In far posterior notopodia capillaries completely replaced by stout, sharply pointed spines arranged in semicircular row (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A74DF3DFE12D78FABE3FC1E" box="[394,463,980,1004]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
E–F); number of spines increasing from
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFC31D78FA9DFFC1E" box="[937,1011,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="in" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 in</quantity>
|
||
a tuft up to 16, providing a spinous appearance to posterior end.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD047AE18FB36" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Chaetiger 5 modified, larger than adjacent segments, without postchaetal lamellae and carrying a horizontal curved row of 4–6 large spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A74DF3DFE64D064A813FBA5" box="[508,575,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). Modified spines of chaetiger 5 falcate, distally curved, with two nearly equal teeth and a tuft of fine bristles in concavity between teeth. Companion chaetae absent (see Remarks). Dorsal superior fascicle of chaetiger 5 with up to seven geniculate limbate chaetae arranged in a vertical or oblique row (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A74DF3DFF07D0F7AACFFB36" box="[159,227,1196,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C–D); ventral inferior fascicle as compact tuft of up to 9 winged capillaries.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD094AE2CFAA6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Neuropodial bidentate hooded hooks, up to six in vertical row from chaetiger 7. Main fang of hook at obtuse angle to shaft and at reduced angle to distal smaller tooth. Shafts of hooks strongly curved, without constriction and manubrium. In anterior neuropodia up to four inferior capillaries present ventral to hooks. In posterior neuropodia inferior capillaries diminishing in number, becoming narrow and non-winged.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD104A870FA6E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Branchiae from chaetiger 7, short at first, reaching full size by chaetiger 10–12, absent from posterior third of body, not connected to notopodial lobes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD1FCA8EDFA4D" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" box="[199,705,1447,1471]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Pygidium with four subequal lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A74DF3DFDC6D1FCA88EFA4D" box="[606,674,1447,1471]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD190AEBAF9DD" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFF5FD190ABECFA16" bold="true" box="[199,448,1483,1508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Habitat and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
On the Romanian coast
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFD45D196A9B8FA16" box="[733,916,1484,1508]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFD45D196A9B8FA16" box="[733,916,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">D. quadrilobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in soft sediments (fine sand, muddy sand, sandy mud, silty mud, and mud) at
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFDF0D1B4A8F1F9F5" box="[616,733,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="55.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
10–
|
||
<specimenCount id="43BAFD504A74DF3DFD0AD1B4A8F1F9F5" box="[658,733,1519,1543]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="generic">100 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. However, the species is most common and abundant between
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFF0FD24CAAD6F9DD" box="[151,250,1559,1583]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="40.0">40–60 m</quantity>
|
||
in mud between beds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFD8BD24CA926F9DD" box="[531,778,1559,1583]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Modiolula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="phaseolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFD8BD24CA926F9DD" box="[531,778,1559,1583]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Modiolula phaseolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with densities up to 2600 ind. m–2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD261AF42F968" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
The worm constructs permanent tubes that stand erect in the substrate, extending
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFBD7D261AEE7F9A0" box="[1103,1227,1594,1618]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Tubes straight, up to
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFF2BD204AB2DF985" box="[179,257,1631,1655]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="92449B3C4A74DF3DFEF6D204ABE8F985" box="[366,452,1631,1655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, built of fine sand grains bound by silt and detrital particles. The upper part of tube is smooth and greyish-brown in colour, while the lower part, buried in sediment, is coarser and rusty-coloured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD2FDA9CDF94D" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" box="[199,993,1702,1727]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFF5FD2FDA86AF94D" bold="true" box="[199,582,1702,1727]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Reproduction and development.</emphasis>
|
||
Not known to date in the Black Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DA665524A74DF3DFF5FD291A9BDF880" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3DFF5FD291A9BDF880" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFF5FD291AB4CF911" bold="true" box="[199,352,1738,1763]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Arctic-boreal species, reported from the Pacific (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFC37D291AE1BF910" author="Blake" box="[943,1079,1738,1762]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Spionidae Grube, 1850. Including a review of the genera and species from California and a revision of the genus Polydora Bosc, 1802. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. & Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, pp. 81 - 223." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Atlantic coasts of North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DAB76494A74DF3DFF0FD2B4AADBF8F5" box="[151,247,1775,1799]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFE94D2B4ABBBF8F5" author="Blake" box="[268,407,1775,1799]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the Genus Polydora from the East Coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 75, 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1971">Blake 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DAB76494A74DF3DFD92D2ABA866F8F5" box="[522,586,1776,1799]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sea of Okhotsk (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFCC0D2B4AE03F8F5" author="Sato-Okoshi" box="[856,1071,1775,1799]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (2000) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 2. Non-boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 80, 443 - 456." type="journal article" year="2000">Sato-Okoshi 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Bering Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFB46D2B4AFBBF8F5" author="Uschakov" box="[1246,1431,1775,1799]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Uschakov, P. V. (1955) Polychaeta of the Far Eastern Seas of the U. S. S. R. Akademia Nauk SSSR, Moscow-Leningrad, 445 pp." type="book" year="1955">Uschakov 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Radashevsky 1993), White Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFD89D349A8D5F8D8" author="Khaitov" box="[529,761,1810,1835]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Khaitov, V. M., Fokin, M. V. & Nicolaeva, A. M. (1999) Structure of communities associated with dense assemblages of the tube-dwelling polychaete Polydora quadrilobata Jacobi (Spionidae) in the White Sea. Hydrobiologia, 393, 221 - 226." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Khaitov
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFDEFD34FA880F8D9" box="[631,684,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); North Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFC0FD349AE70F8D8" author="Rasmussen" box="[919,1116,1810,1834]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Rasmussen, E. (1973) Systematics and ecology of the Isefjord marine fauna (Denmark). Ophelia, 11, 1 - 507." type="journal article" year="1973">Rasmussen 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFBF3D349AFBCF8D8" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[1131,1424,1810,1834]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1996) Annelida, Borstenwurmer, Polychaeta. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Vol. 2. Neubearbeitete Auflage, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 58, 648 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hartmann-Schröder 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), British Channel, Kiel Bay, Baltic Sea, Atlantic coast of Europe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFCEED36CAE2BF8BD" author="Fauvel" box="[886,1031,1847,1871]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Fauvel, P. (1927) Polychetes sedentaires. Addenda aux Errantes, Archiannelides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16, Paul Lechevalier, Paris, 494 pp." type="book" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Adriatic Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFB22D36CAFBBF8BD" author="Castelli" box="[1210,1431,1847,1871]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Castelli, A., Abbiati, M., Badalamenti, F., Bianchi, C. N., Cantone, G., Gambi, M. C., Giangrande, A., Gravina, M. F., Lanera, P., Lardicci, C., Somaschini, A. & Sordino, P. (1995) Annelida Polychaeta, Pogonophora, Echiura, Sipuncula. In: Minelli, A., Ruffo, S. & La Posta, S. (Eds.), Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. Vol. 19. Annelida: Polychaeta, Pogonophora, Echiura, Sipuncula. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, pp. 1 - 45." type="book" year="1995">
|
||
Castelli
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFA82D363AF61F8BD" box="[1306,1357,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFF0FD300AB5CF880" author="Pozar-Domac" box="[151,368,1882,1907]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Pozar-Domac, A. (1978) Catalogue of the polychaetous annelids of the Adriatic Sea. 1. Northern and central Adriatic. Acta Adriatica, 19, 2 - 59." type="journal article" year="1978">Požar-Domac 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Black Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A74DF3DFDB6D301A9A9F880" author="Todorova" box="[558,901,1882,1907]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" refString="Todorova, V. R. & Panayotova, M. D. (2006) Alien aquatic fauna from the Bulgarian Black Sea and coastal lakes - an inventory of introductions and impacts. NEOBIOTA. From Ecology to Conservation. 4 th European Conference on Biological Invasions, Vienna (Austria), 27 - 29 September 2006. Book of Abstracts, pp. 251 - 252." type="journal article" year="2006">Todorova & Panayotova 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DA665524A74DF3FFF5FD324AF46FDE5" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A74DF3FFF5FD324A9F2FECD" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1979]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,535]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFF5FD324AB11F865" bold="true" box="[199,317,1919,1943]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
There is little confusion regarding the taxonomic position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFBA8D324AF79F865" box="[1072,1365,1919,1943]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFBA8D324AF79F865" box="[1072,1365,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Dipolydora quadrilobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This species is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A74DF3DFE49D3FFA87AF849" box="[465,598,1955,1979]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="caulleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A74DF3DFE49D3FFA87AF849" box="[465,598,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">D. caulleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having heavy, protruding, awl-shaped notopodial spines in far posterior segments and a pygidium divided into four nearly equal lobes, both falling into the ʹ
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A76DF3FFBF0D4C3AF08FF42" box="[1128,1316,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
|
||
armata/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A76DF3FFB5CD4C3AF08FF42" box="[1220,1316,152,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="caulleryi">caulleryi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ʹ subgroup (
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A76DF3FFF38D4E6AAF2FF26" box="[160,222,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFF75D4E7AB55FF26" author="Blake" box="[237,377,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Spionidae Grube, 1850. Including a review of the genera and species from California and a revision of the genus Polydora Bosc, 1802. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. & Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, pp. 81 - 223." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFE0BD4E7A841FF26" author="Soderstrom" box="[403,621,188,212]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Soderstrom, A. (1920) Studien uber die Polychaetenfamilie Spionidae. Inaugural-Dissertation. Almquist & Wicksells, Uppsala, 286 pp. [not seen]" type="book" year="1920">Söderström (1920)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
even considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A76DF3FFCDFD4E6AE2FFF26" box="[839,1027,188,212]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A76DF3FFCDFD4E6AE2FFF26" box="[839,1027,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">D. quadrilobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a juvenile of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A76DF3FFA90D4E6AFB9FF26" box="[1288,1429,188,212]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="caulleryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A76DF3FFA90D4E6AFB9FF26" box="[1288,1429,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">D. caulleryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A76DF3FFEA1D4BBA87BFF0A" box="[313,599,224,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A76DF3FFEA1D4BBA87BFF0A" box="[313,599,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Dipolydora quadrilobata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unique among species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A76DF3FFC42D4BBAE6EFF0A" box="[986,1090,224,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A76DF3FFC42D4BBAE6EFF0A" box="[986,1090,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex by having modified spines of chaetiger 5 expanded distally into two nearly equal teeth with a bushy tuft of fine bristles between them, and by four eyes arranged in a nearly straight transverse row (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFCD3D57CA9FDFECD" author="Blake" box="[843,977,295,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Spionidae Grube, 1850. Including a review of the genera and species from California and a revision of the genus Polydora Bosc, 1802. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. & Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, pp. 81 - 223." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="01C366514A77DF3EFF0FD359AFB1F81D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A77DF3EFF0FD359AFB1F81D" blockId="10.[151,1437,1794,2032]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A77DF3EFF0FD359AB3BF8EA" bold="true" box="[151,279,1794,1817]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrographs of adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92BC4D5A4A77DF3EFD48D358AE58F8E8" authority="Jacobi, 1883" authorityName="Jacobi" authorityYear="1883" box="[720,1140,1795,1818]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="67C8EACB4A77DF3EFD48D358A9FEF8EB" box="[720,978,1795,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Dipolydora quadrilobata</emphasis>
|
||
(Jacobi, 1883)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Sta. BS05/01 (44°19.29ˏN, 29°30.27ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="550336D94A76DF3FFF5FD517AF46FDE5" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
|
||
The Black Sea specimens match the morphological descriptions of specimens from northern Europe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFF06D534ABE0FE75" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[158,460,367,391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1996) Annelida, Borstenwurmer, Polychaeta. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Vol. 2. Neubearbeitete Auflage, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 58, 648 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hartmann-Schröder 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or from northern Pacific (Radashevsky 1993). However, brown reticulated pigmentation on anterior end of body reported by many authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFC11D5CFAE30FE5E" author="Fauvel" box="[905,1052,404,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Fauvel, P. (1927) Polychetes sedentaires. Addenda aux Errantes, Archiannelides, Myzostomaires. Faune de France 16, Paul Lechevalier, Paris, 494 pp." type="book" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFBB3D5CFAE9DFE5E" author="Blake" box="[1067,1201,404,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the Genus Polydora from the East Coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 75, 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1971">Blake 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFB26D5CFAED5FE5E" author="Blake" box="[1214,1273,404,428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Spionidae Grube, 1850. Including a review of the genera and species from California and a revision of the genus Polydora Bosc, 1802. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. & Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, pp. 81 - 223." type="book chapter" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Radashevsky 1993;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFF47D5ECABD3FE3D" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[223,511,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1996) Annelida, Borstenwurmer, Polychaeta. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Vol. 2. Neubearbeitete Auflage, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, 58, 648 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hartmann-Schröder 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was absent in the Black Sea specimens.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="312D4B284A76DF3FFC43D5ECAE91FE3D" author="Sato-Okoshi" box="[987,1213,439,463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (2000) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 2. Non-boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 80, 443 - 456." type="journal article" year="2000">Sato-Okoshi (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, indicates that in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DAB76494A76DF3FFF71D586AB05FE06" box="[233,297,477,500]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
this pigmentation was present only in some specimens. Also, in one individual were observed two limbate capillaries near the bases of the major spines of chaetiger 5, like normal companion chaetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD872A5C4A76DF3FFA9AD5A4AF6BFDE5" box="[1282,1351,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,185,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[268,1319,185,1774]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron micrographs of adult Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883), Sta. BS 05 / 01 (44 ° 19.29 ˏN, 29 ° 30.27 ˏE), 11 Aug 2007: (A) Anterior end, dorsal view, showing palp scars and ciliary bands of nuchal organs; (B) Anterior end, left lateral view, showing enlarged chaetiger 5 with heavy modified spines arranged in horizontal curved row, dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae, parapodial lobes and postchaetal lamellae; (C) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (D) Chaetiger 5, right side lateral view, showing heavy modified spines and bundles of dorsal superior and ventral inferior capillary chaetae; (E) Posterior segments, left lateral view, showing specialized notopodial capillaries and awl-shaped spines and neuropodial rows of hooded hooks; (F) Posterior end with pygidium, right dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A, E and F, 200 μm; B, 500 μm; C, 30 μm; D, 20 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208950/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |