445 lines
56 KiB
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445 lines
56 KiB
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<mods:title id="C3CBAD1DF9691098D505A2BC98325824">Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FF458B7F0EEC4628E37AED6F6EDF69C1">Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DE6B86ACBFECC5F0F3EFE4803DB29A54">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="364380BCC96339659201653A6971D14A" type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EE490DA1D50E20389766DEFB97B9A388">Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3490BB41C794901B098A18EC4B74C582">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CF58DCBD6614B63C08EB77ABD095BFD5">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA00DBE65B74AE2A0CD511A6648D5C85">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="69BE0BD3620515588426B74DA246F086">Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3B1D7B1793D6CEAB269041AF11009EFD">South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4DE44429256DEE236921927B62EAB110">Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="10B510BB55FCAEEF8BC5CAF68C23DB53">Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="DCCFC2B6021D694C6D260E6E537F6AAD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599852" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DCCFC2B6021D694C6D260E6E537F6AAD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DCCFC2B6021D694C6D260E6E537F6AAD" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Micrabaciidae" scope_order="Scleractinia" scope_phylum="Cnidaria">
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<subSubSection id="FF3097ABE07B260524D76DE4962542DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="70D8F1DB73AB8F6CB0962B7DC12236D1" authority="(Moseley, 1876)" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Letepsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Letepsammia formosissima" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="formosissima">Letepsammia formosissima (Moseley, 1876)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="7E948F07AEE988CB5F66D917EC6BF54A" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A, B. Letepsammia formosissima (SAM _ H 1429, off Kidds Beach, 79 m) A calicular view B basal view C, D Letepsammia franki (SAMC _ A 090070, off Durban, 95 m) C calicular view D basal view E, F Rhombopsammia niphada (SAM _ H 1390, off Port Alfred, 90 m) E calicular view F basal view G, H Stephanophyllia fungulus (SAMC _ A 073106, Cape Vidal, 140 m) G calicular view H basal view I Madrepora oculata (SAM _ H 3038, off St Lucia, 825 m) full view J, L Culicia sp. cf. Culicia australiensis (SAMC _ A 073032, off Shaka's Rock, 50 m) J calicular view K full view L septa details M, N Culicia excavata. M (UCTES _ DBN 85 H, off Ispongo, depth unknown): full view N (BMNH 1840.09.30.19, Cape of Good Hope, depth unknown): Calicular view O, P Stenocyathus vermiformis (SAM _ H 3213, off Cintsa, 630 m) O calicular view P lateral view Scale bars: 10 mm (A-H, J-N); 100 mm (I); 2 mm (O, P)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604117" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 14A, B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C306455DD006D452A7F4CF065ADA2A86" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="198D55A007B8D887ED5603CBB9EA0A28" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D327BDCDECFDE759C3BB0BDFBC7D96BA" authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Stephanophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanophyllia formosissima" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="formosissima">Stephanophyllia formosissima</taxonomicName>
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Moseley, 1876: 561-562. -
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<bibRefCitation id="99ECA42867C6C6D5F573B1ED5334FEBC" author="Moseley, H" journalOrPublisher="Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 23" refId="B194" refString="Moseley, H, 1877. On the coloring matters of various animals, and especially of deep-sea forms dredged by H.M.S. Challenger. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 17 (65): 1 - 23" title="On the coloring matters of various animals, and especially of deep-sea forms dredged by H. M. S. Challenger." volume="17" year="1877">Moseley 1877</bibRefCitation>
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: 4. -Mosely 1881: 201-201, pl. 4, fig. 11, pl. 13, figs 6-7, pl. 16, figs 8, 9
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<bibRefCitation id="9409D094B3B1164E9576B5D9530D62ED" author="Vaughan, T" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States National Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 427" refId="B287" refString="Vaughan, T, 1907. Recent Madreporaria of the Hawaiian Islands and Laysan. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 59: 1 - 427" title="Recent Madreporaria of the Hawaiian Islands and Laysan." volume="59" year="1907">. -Vaughan 1907</bibRefCitation>
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: 17, 23-24, 27, 28, 35, 38, 43-44, 146-147, 419, 426, pl. 44, figs 2, 2A. -
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<bibRefCitation id="398A0CE43D477AE244EF02F8E2EDE2AD" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Tethys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B18" refString="Boschma, H, 1923. The Madreporaria of the Siboga expedition, part 4: Fungia patella. Siboga-Expeditie 16d, 20 pp." title="The Madreporaria of the Siboga expedition, part 4: Fungia patella. Siboga-Expeditie 16 d, 20 pp." year="1923">Boschma 1923</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 144-145, pl. 10, fig. 31. -
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<bibRefCitation id="E36618E4536B37F21271913787AB8721" author="Yabe, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Imperial Academy (Japan)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B318" refString="Yabe, H, Eguchi, M, 1932d. Some Recent and fossil corals of the genus Stephanophyllia H. Michelin from Japan. Scientific Reports of Tohoku Imperial University, series 2 (Geology) 15(2): 55-63." title="Some Recent and fossil corals of the genus Stephanophyllia H. Michelin from Japan. Scientific Reports of Tohoku Imperial University, series 2 (Geology) 15 (2): 55 - 63." year="1932 d">Yabe and Eguchi 1932d</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 61-63, pl. 8, figs 7, 8
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<bibRefCitation id="80F2C2E11C91DA425AB97CF565024C5D" author="Eguchi, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Geological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="365 - 369" refId="B80" refString="Eguchi, M, 1934. Eupsammidae, a family of the so-called deep sea coral. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 41 (489): 365 - 369" title="Eupsammidae, a family of the so-called deep sea coral." volume="41" year="1934">. -Eguchi 1934</bibRefCitation>
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: 368. -
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<bibRefCitation id="A7B4D72BC3D712BE4EFC9BBBDA91AF65" author="Eguchi, M" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Geological Society of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B81" refString="Eguchi, M, 1938. On Some deep-sea corals. Transactions of the Biological Society of Manchuria l(3): 62-65." title="On Some deep-sea corals. Transactions of the Biological Society of Manchuria l (3): 62 - 65." year="1938">Eguchi 1938</bibRefCitation>
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: table 2. -
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<bibRefCitation id="D304864350E0735CF79A011006B457A1" author="Yabe, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B326" refString="Yabe, H, Eguchi, M, 1942b. Fossil and Recent Simple Corals from Japan. Scientific Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, series 2 (Geology) 22(2): 105-178." title="Fossil and Recent Simple Corals from Japan. Scientific Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, series 2 (Geology) 22 (2): 105 - 178." year="1942 b">Yabe and Eguchi 1942b</bibRefCitation>
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: 107, 138, 139
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<bibRefCitation id="80F7BAC415791D617E4C498E80E45D31" author="Crossland, C" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="85 - 257" refId="B65" refString="Crossland, C, 1952. Madreporaria, Hydrocorallinae, Heliopora and Tubipora. Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928-29. Scientific Reports 6 (3): 85 - 257" title="Madreporaria, Hydrocorallinae, Heliopora and Tubipora. Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928 - 29." volume="6" year="1952">. -Crossland 1952</bibRefCitation>
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: 92. -
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<bibRefCitation id="4F49441C334D5687142B72866885B7B5" author="Wells, J" journalOrPublisher="Reports (Series B)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="257 - 275" refId="B304" refString="Wells, J, 1958. Scleractinian corals. B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. Reports (Series B) 6 (11): 257 - 275" title="Scleractinian corals. B. A. N. Z. A. R. E." volume="6" year="1958">Wells 1958</bibRefCitation>
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: 263, pl. 1, figs 1, 2. -
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<bibRefCitation id="18496F95FB3C68C4392BBCBCD851737B" author="Squires, D" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 48" refId="B262" refString="Squires, D, 1961. Deep sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory. 2. Scotia Sea corals. American Museum Novitates 2046: 1 - 48" title="Deep sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory. 2. Scotia Sea corals." volume="2046" year="1961">Squires 1961</bibRefCitation>
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:19. -
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<bibRefCitation id="54F4A565CF0F26BE83DD991FE9C66523" author="Ralph, P" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Publications from Victoria University of Wellington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 19" refId="B233" refString="Ralph, P, Squires, D, 1962. The extant scleractinian corals of New Zealand. Zoological Publications from Victoria University of Wellington 29: 1 - 19" title="The extant scleractinian corals of New Zealand." volume="29" year="1962">Ralph and Squires 1962</bibRefCitation>
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: 4, 16. -Uitnomi 1965: 249. -
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<bibRefCitation id="B6C6E3A4BDA8ED274997E675B73C362E" author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 138" refId="B343" refString="Zibrowius, H, Grygier, M, 1985. Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda). Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series 61 (2): 115 - 138" title="Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda)." volume="61" year="1985">Zibrowius and Grygier 1985</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 120
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<bibRefCitation id="00F37D7248E6FF79B05DD76D369ECF09" author="Owens, J" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="586 - 590" refId="B208" refString="Owens, J, 1994. Letepsammia franki, a new species of deep-sea coral (Coelenterata: Scleractinia: Micrabaciidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 107 (4): 586 - 590" title="Letepsammia franki, a new species of deep-sea coral (Coelenterata: Scleractinia: Micrabaciidae)." volume="107" year="1994">. -Owens 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 586.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A60558AAA3CBACF2C522B08959D95583" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="941600E73EBEC0A72A3F2DCE9D7E30C8" authorityName="Michelin" authorityYear="1841" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Stephanophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanophyllia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stephanophyllia</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="EE46EE3B948791D00C0E4335F10EED16" authorityName="Yabe & Eguchi" authorityYear="1932" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Letepsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Letepsammia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="genus">Letepsammia</taxonomicName>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="8BD610B7633DAD566C9F6CAFFB8A0F6F" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Letepsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Letepsammia formosissima" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="formosissima">Letepsammia formosissima</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation id="F2E00D5DA4817F6A643D217D1F411F5B" author="Yabe, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the Imperial Academy (Japan)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="442 - 445" refId="B317" refString="Yabe, H, Eguchi, M, 1932b. Deep-water corals from the Riukiu limestone of Kikaijima, Riukiu Islands. Proceeding of the Imperial Academy (Japan) 8 (9): 442 - 445" title="Deep-water corals from the Riukiu limestone of Kikaijima, Riukiu Islands." volume="8" year="1932 b">Yabe and Eguchi 1932b</bibRefCitation>
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: 443.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B6CA760E4A4D8FEC3450E3464A915DA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="19536E758B3ACB68DFC0AB7E77017747" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Leptopenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptopenus discus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="discus">Leptopenus discus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C2D245B272981B10D3185267FE13104" author="Dennant, J" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="151 - 165" refId="B67" refString="Dennant, J, 1906. Madreporaria from the Australian and New Zealand margins. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 30: 151 - 165" title="Madreporaria from the Australian and New Zealand margins." volume="30" year="1906">. -Dennant 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 162.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="265D156C9CC3A03B46607EBDA94FDC4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="F8E1FC12367C995116D513408D31EEA9" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Letepsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Letepsammia formosissima" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="formosissima">Letepsammia formosissima</taxonomicName>
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. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4EE87A86ED75FB4BF063B7DA232470E4" author="Owens, J" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="486 - 188" refId="B207" refString="Owens, J, 1986b. On the elevation of Stephanophyllia subgenus Letepsammia to generic rank. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99 (3): 486 - 188" title="On the elevation of Stephanophyllia subgenus Letepsammia to generic rank." volume="99" year="1986 b">Owens 1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 486-487
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58D1C05AD7EE1C5ABA8479A534618971" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 30" refId="B33" refString="Cairns, S, 1984. New records of ahermatypic corals (Scleractinia) from the Hawaiian and Line Islands. Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum 25 (10): 1 - 30" title="New records of ahermatypic corals (Scleractinia) from the Hawaiian and Line Islands." volume="25" year="1984">. -Cairns 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 6-7. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9835756C20D6D8665BF401CA745E0DF" author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 138" refId="B343" refString="Zibrowius, H, Grygier, M, 1985. Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda). Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series 61 (2): 115 - 138" title="Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda)." volume="61" year="1985">Zibrowius and Grygier 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 120. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7637E16607CDC1234465D29AB0C67247" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Fifth International Symposium on Fossil Cnidaria, Brisbane," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 68" refId="B35" refString="Cairns, S, 1989b. Discriminant analysis of Indo-West Pacific Flabellum. In Memoir Association of Australian Paleontologists. Fifth International Symposium on Fossil Cnidaria, Brisbane, 8: 61 - 68" title="Discriminant analysis of Indo-West Pacific Flabellum. In Memoir Association of Australian Paleontologists." volume="8" year="1989 b">Cairns 1989b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 15-18, pl. 6, fig. J, pl. 7, figs G-I, pl. 8, figs A-D
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5B3CD307AD7F9A4B9BB34129A8FD95C5" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Monograph Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B52" refString="Cairns, S, Parker, S, 1992. Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series 3: 1 - 82" title="Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum." volume="3" year="1992">. -Cairns and Parker 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 8-9, pl. 1, figs F, H. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="371CB267CBF3C5F93716E0A0044826B3" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 230-231. fig. 3D
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="889F4ABCB0C8E183F54D3F4F9D27867B" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">. -Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 40-41, pl. 5, figs C, F. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="57D030A416C5C76921234821E52AC320" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 73-75. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BF971868C93339CE08E4F22E36AC2AE1" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 371. -Cairns 1999: 59. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A28BEB529C90080FD0F5CB214C40A094" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 34. -Plusquellee et al. 1999: 998. -Riemann-Zurneck and Iken 2003: 383
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3073DA5E6185B41EF1162F8D5F016A6" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 264, 271. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3BAEC2C182FFCB90151C1FF83FC7B0D2" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Paper of the Bernice P Bishop Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 53" refId="B47" refString="Cairns, S, 2006. New records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Hawaiian Islands. Occasional Paper of the Bernice P Bishop Museum 87: 45 - 53" title="New records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Hawaiian Islands." volume="87" year="2006">Cairns 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 47. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C2EBA1840F505ECE938E49E700432EFF" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Paper of the Bernice P Bishop Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B48" refString="Cairns, S, 2009. Online appendix: Phylogenetic list of 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species, with their junior synonyms and depth ranges. In: Roberts J, Wheeler, A, Freiwald, A, Cairns S (Eds) Cold water corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-sea Corals Habitats. Cambridge University Press. https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/7548" title="Online appendix: Phylogenetic list of 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species, with their junior synonyms and depth ranges. In: Roberts J, Wheeler, A, Freiwald, A, Cairns S (Eds) Cold water corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-sea Corals Habitats. Cambridge University Press. https: // repository. si. edu / handle / 10088 / 7548" year="2009">Cairns 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 2
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B90F171223CF96AA64ED2BD230A56DE1" author="Janiszewska, K" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Morphology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="191 - 203" refId="B140" refString="Janiszewska, K, Stolarski, J, Benzerara, K, Meibom, A, Mazur, M, Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2011. A unique skeletal microstructure of the deep-sea micrabaciid scleractinian corals. Journal of Morphology 231 (2): 191 - 203" title="A unique skeletal microstructure of the deep-sea micrabaciid scleractinian corals." volume="231" year="2011">. -Janiszewska et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 10. -
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE1BAA66515E434E24D50404C43AFC40" author="Quattrini, A" journalOrPublisher="Nature Ecology & Evolution," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1531 - 1538" refId="B228" refString="Quattrini, A, Rodriguez, E, Faircloth, B, Cowman, P, Brugler, M, Farfan, G, Hellberg, M, Kitahara, M, Morrison, C, Paz-Garcia, D, Reimer, J, 2020. Palaeoclimate ocean conditions shaped the evolution of corals and their skeletons through deep time. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 4 (11): 1531 - 1538" title="Palaeoclimate ocean conditions shaped the evolution of corals and their skeletons through deep time." volume="4" year="2020">Quattrini et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1538, fig. 2. -Seilitz et al. 2020: 6, fig. 1A-C. -Kitahara and Carins 2021: 55-56, figs 12I-L, 13.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F1654F7717ADE5762E7819EF6F1CFE00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A963CD3444A092DFFA6BA252FFFD85F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B0BCE2E8FE4D28C6C6C808AA7BFF6CF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Philippines and Indonesia (HMS
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CE6F5BE1F9FBFE5550F92A73555E2F07" originalValue="‘Challenger’">'Challenger'</normalizedToken>
|
||
stns. 192 and 209:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="223BB42DEAFB5AD44E1A51FD388BBF05" degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-5.82">5°49'12"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9086DAC5DB83D71CDFF9200F5592FEB0" degrees="132" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="132.24">132°14'24"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="41272BEAB3CF6BAAF8326AC9F27AF63B" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-10.233334">10°14'00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="501487309483D8F93ED7CA7CBAEFCADC" degrees="123" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="123.9">123°54'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, respectively); 174-236 m
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8B1B4B94A297CF35FBD903D8E12EA65E" author="Moseley, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="544 - 569" refId="B193" refString="Moseley, H, 1876. Preliminary report to professor Wyville Thomson, F.R.S., director of the civilian staff, on the true corals dredged up by H.M.S. Challenger in deep water between the dates Dec. 30th, 1870, and August 31st, 1975. Proceedings of the Royal Society 24: 544 - 569" title="Preliminary report to professor Wyville Thomson, F. R. S., director of the civilian staff, on the true corals dredged up by H. M. S. Challenger in deep water between the dates Dec. 30 th, 1870, and August 31 st, 1975." volume="24" year="1876">(Moseley 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E5C28CD20AC1C21274E44F7E4D2EC785" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="09D5F7C08F3FA235CEF9A90B0917EF37" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1A33812D8C6A1A98EDD1DCD12B1C996" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Five syntypes are deposited at the BMNH (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DDE05E0147F7E21CD8E52467D81DEC17" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 136" refId="B34" refString="Cairns, S, 1989a. A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 486: 1 - 136" title="A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters, Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, Guyniidae, and Flabellidae." volume="486" year="1989 a">Cairns 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6D6A1401768705B320D05B9322906FAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="51F18E1DE9ECB4DC05ECF5665B8041B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D2B9D4B2BC4B5F2DF66A99E533B98F97" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
DEFF_NANSEN-INV 18: Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity id="182F2B5EC2E53388CF186CF6E1A60A9D" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
from Durban/
|
||
<quantity id="3ED326B1AA6EAC052FBC589B9D2A3C30" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
|
||
off Beachwood Mangroves,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6F3D118697D80F2C596E5C89BB000063" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="56.39" value="-29.88233">29°52'56.39"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E8E403936258F8CB9F6C7420DA2F38BF" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="15.59" value="31.20433">31°12'15.59"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="D78B07C41EA54CF7D1F51CBEA0F8C8D8" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="A809803B1118E86D405787A156C03788" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2399999999999998" unit="m" value="224.0">224 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="6DF53BA160F86F9BCFAF97A98251A4BF" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Eastern" elevation="183" location="Umdloti River" specimenCount="1">
|
||
SAM_H1395 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="B0203C28A45E1471B8E35003EDBFFB65" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectorName id="F4FD1B64AADFC1303E913313680EABB7">Eastern</collectorName>
|
||
margin, off
|
||
<location id="40E3E65BC9A0F2FF311DB9422D8A0020" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DCCFC2B6021D694C6D260E6E537F6AAD:40E3E65BC9A0F2FF311DB9422D8A0020" name="Umdloti River">Umdloti River</location>
|
||
mouth;
|
||
<specimenCount id="EA7F52724A77DC04C73BB6018753A5B8" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="6F68EA4F4D1AB99558DCC73AB0179EEB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" unit="m" value="183.0">
|
||
<elevation id="A99D9545987FCE715936E3DAF97A9D9F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" unit="m" value="183.0">183 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0A1F0040F0436FB61D8FB33724204FD2" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Southern" elevation="183" location="Great Fish River" specimenCount="1">
|
||
SAM_H1426 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="11780BFDBB6EF600DE5B864328F89941" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectorName id="22FBEF0F06877C05656FECE21A708320">Southern</collectorName>
|
||
margin, off
|
||
<location id="48BCBAC92C2B5BD391F33EA691F4E02C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DCCFC2B6021D694C6D260E6E537F6AAD:48BCBAC92C2B5BD391F33EA691F4E02C" name="Great Fish River">Great Fish River</location>
|
||
mouth;
|
||
<specimenCount id="F1C945755794C0BDE037DED66C333F54" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="F161BB058E21AEA782A655C4572B22DE" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" unit="m" value="183.0">
|
||
<elevation id="649CFEB03EFE273E1C02C2AD28CFB5C9" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" unit="m" value="183.0">183 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
SAM_H1429 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="480D89D94FBCB16D75DB5D98D3FFDB99" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
): Southern margin,
|
||
<quantity id="C84B87C481D2D2701DEBB9BAAD41A069" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
from Kidds Beach/
|
||
<quantity id="F29D723FC042A510F10E7525D206CFC2" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
off Ncera Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="714CA5A2AEE0D4A68E10C1EC4F3ABEEA" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="-33.199997">33°11'59.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9215AFD90BB381F4EF71A27395132E5C" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="27.68333">27°40'59.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="AA4F9D7A8CA3EDE7C7667B258B1F0108" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="DA157D0A9FA9A0A2DB37DCDE1CD4F7F2" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" unit="m" value="79.0">79 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3691CC58E91ADE3068529F25F9717A49" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Locality" elevation="99" location="Eastern" municipality="Durban Harbor" specimenCount="10">
|
||
SAM_H1452 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="8131DE62188ABD3FFF1DAA0719A3FB76" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectorName id="6FB1D12EF426DD75FEC61265E01E358A">Locality</collectorName>
|
||
data unknown. SAM_H1473 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="A9F8D3E627E28D184A5D3CFEF11089AD" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
):
|
||
<location id="BA2A98E9E720C4ABDEAB830879377753" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DCCFC2B6021D694C6D260E6E537F6AAD:BA2A98E9E720C4ABDEAB830879377753" municipality="Durban Harbor" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
|
||
margin, off
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="180D3C8D975C00354D914FA21E1094D6">Durban Harbor</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="87DA0B40ED004811CC9BDF5F71DBE697" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="70C31253EDD7258274BA333DA1334E67" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" unit="m" value="99.0">
|
||
<elevation id="A2560B986E7885132474F8115AAC8A91" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" unit="m" value="99.0">99 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="3F1C643ADF47686E76BA6C88E4E69B18" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
USNM 91505 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="E05D6B6F1A333FA8A1C5FAF7F816CA01" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity id="7E2B035C9538C14DE13EC60116FFE38D" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cape Vidal/
|
||
<quantity id="840BABAC627361CAF8AB377A61F03FCA" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
|
||
off St Lucia Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C69EA9AB2DA0BFD389D8AB444CB1CA68" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.00" value="-27.904999">27°54'18.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="164E8FB8159387C9F5BFBF3F829C6325" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.87" value="32.633297">32°37'59.87"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="DBBE7ED554B8FA7C9E94BEE29083BBEA" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="576D8F35F6EE2B49B5394B5FFF5A1E92" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="m" value="105.0">105 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5D78E9E25A1D340361F594E06FE2DC9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="7C080689D0ED654B3EDE4C367EE976DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E3CBC4B205BEE1377C4553D0CC014B75" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Corallum discoidal (GCD:H = 3.5-3.7) with a flat to convex porous base, giving a low density to corallum. Largest specimen examined (SAM_H1426) 25.3 mm in CD and 7.0 mm in H. Calice circular, with serrated calicular margin. Costae ridged and thin, with closely packed granules resulting in serrated edges. Costal bifurcations correspond to septal pattern. Intercostal spaces porous, broader towards calicular margin and thinner towards epicentre of base. Synapticular bars connect each costa to neighbouring septa near calicular margin, and near epicentre of base synapticular bars connect adjacent costae. Marginal shelf low, reaching a maximum of 3 mm in width. Corallum white.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="38729C8125B1CF2A2E5BA6C9A0E7333D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Up to 120 septa arranged in a typical micrabaciid fashion. S1-2 non-bifurcate and straight, with subsequent S3 leading to multiple bifurcations. S1 extend from calicular margin to columella with vertical axial margins. S2 also straight, extending from calicular margin to columella, but joined by S3 near columella. S2-3 fusion forms a delta bearing ≤ two spines. S3 bifurcates repeatedly. The first bifurcation produces two S3i on either side of S2. The resultant edges of S3i adjacent to S2 bifurcates three more times in which the first bifurcation produces one S3ii, second one S3iii, and the last two S3iv. The S3i adjacent to S1 bifurcates four times, in which the first gives three S3iii and two S3iv. Axial edge of S1-2 and sometimes S3 join the spongy columella.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7EFEFA794072C29B31F853BCB37FCE08" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="3BCBB836CA574B9F87796AA45A98657A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="86BA5BABD7EB31154EA099902C98ECA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Great Fish River mouth extending towards Cape Vidal; 79-183 m. Elsewhere: Tanzania (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="05A681A5DEC1956ADD5A35FF868D2BA9" author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B105" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1939. Madreporaria excluding Flabellidae and Turbinolidae. Scientific Reports of the John Murray Expedition 1933-34 6(5): 225-242." title="Madreporaria excluding Flabellidae and Turbinolidae. Scientific Reports of the John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34 6 (5): 225 - 242." year="1939">Gardiner and Waugh 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Mozambique; Madagascar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CAA2FC67B689A5430C8598FA1D4328A4" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Philippines; Indonesia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="88BA9BB02CBD55815F08A4368541E9A7" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 243" refId="B54" refString="Cairns, S, Zibrowius, H, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 172: 27 - 243" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippines and Indonesian regions." volume="172" year="1997">Cairns and Zibrowius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Malaysia; Wallis and Futuna; Vanuatu; Australia; New Zealand (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F2E4789BC61247818E1FEDD91EEBD7E" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 210" refId="B38" refString="Cairns, S, 1995. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 103: 1 - 210" title="The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria Anthozoa)." volume="103" year="1995">Cairns 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40641390E2BCC83EB4FF18C1872A5380" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;1999); Japan
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E70E34BE18ED326869F94B125C240CC0" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 150" refId="B37" refString="Cairns, S, 1994. Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 557: 1 - 150" title="Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific." volume="557" year="1994">(Cairns 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); 270-610 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E1344FC8B1C857B7970F7DF3B93B1B39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="56296A9CBA75B86A04009266EE2A35EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9197E7A2839DBC41D78F7080D8DCE2F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D78C8C293E057406E0E190BEF456549F" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Letepsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Letepsammia formosissima" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="formosissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB2A55BBA82E936F09DC01DE98939B31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Letepsammia formosissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the two species in the genus known from South African waters. It differs from the other reported species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4802B8CCC86BAAF22934E5E70E0CDEC7" lsidName="L. franki" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="franki">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6D7A1F3712C28351D42EAE55766CEF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. franki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Owens, 1994) in its coarser septal dentition.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13BC266CCEE47687C8C004C0AAA535F9" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Letepsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Letepsammia formosissima" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="formosissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B0A290862264D394A61B3EB719BFCFE7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Letepsammia formosissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first reported in the region by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="288672554E36B0E28B98C73739F93E3B" author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B133" refString="Horst, van der C, 1927. Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1-7." title="Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1 - 7." year="1927">van der Horst (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
off Durban (towards St Lucia). Cairns (1989) subsequently alluded that three of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E0C067F4D7DCEE1509D7312E0B6567C0" author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B133" refString="Horst, van der C, 1927. Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1-7." title="Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1 - 7." year="1927">
|
||
van der
|
||
<normalizedToken id="BE41F9CADC75E811C433D4A70E7D2C5E" originalValue="Horst’s">Horst's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1927)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
specimens were an undescribed species (USNM 82091). Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD76C9F2901DFB6AA5E7E201239BEBC6" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also documented specimens resembling this undescribed species, which were later described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9F9F982C9A2EB274E37CF6F1858FF745" lsidName="L. franki" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="franki">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B26EEB8213B65288FDDDC8840CA861D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. franki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0EE61398C691AA659DF862106ECEEFA" author="Owens, J" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="586 - 590" refId="B208" refString="Owens, J, 1994. Letepsammia franki, a new species of deep-sea coral (Coelenterata: Scleractinia: Micrabaciidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 107 (4): 586 - 590" title="Letepsammia franki, a new species of deep-sea coral (Coelenterata: Scleractinia: Micrabaciidae)." volume="107" year="1994">(Owens 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9206FD1599A9E644C6873FA11B4249C3" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604117" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
|
||
<paragraph id="B4EA79FE5B56A922F07B116B140AD309" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="51176F02AF45C797F8434D8017EDCD27" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="EEE0A0CEBC337ED6D779964F52E37AF0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="76FC5F0E1F7534C75591E477DAE7DAE2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="647771D2710529559F112377FEBC168E" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Letepsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Letepsammia formosissima" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="formosissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="A084B484CDA767B6E730396DC5419647" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Letepsammia formosissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAM_H1429, off Kidds Beach, 79 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="A7B8A16B588C9D4351B7447FD48160B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="028E6166E2E713FA4A4082C20183B859" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
basal view
|
||
<emphasis id="2656A6030DBDCA0D150EF335679155F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="171AD4C8B647977C3C88EDF4E00521B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A44CC4BF7B8E653260FF80483F17734D" authorityName="Owens" authorityYear="1994" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Letepsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Letepsammia franki" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="franki">
|
||
<emphasis id="14B6625E495283F87B74B127049C780C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Letepsammia franki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_A090070, off Durban, 95 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="024AA5D3D1B0C9B2E5F808B1B0257CEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="13A30EC18D43165357E2B1BCC254499B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
basal view
|
||
<emphasis id="DBFFA9577451546EB6397B664E2E0322" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="A91E1C72F01B0FF7E06681130FC5D43D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3C2BAE269BEF56042B9236BD8888604" authorityName="Owens" authorityYear="1986" class="Anthozoa" family="Micrabaciidae" genus="Rhombopsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhombopsammia niphada" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="niphada">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF96A8C22A1AFE3F7A4A2FBABCEEE55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhombopsammia niphada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAM_H1390, off Port Alfred, 90 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="85F9611155EF775029406D06FE934F9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="EE50AAE332F0070A5B719F14E4DFFBF8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
basal view
|
||
<emphasis id="5BF09D412C6904CB2EC699874CCD042D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="063302E2C511CC532C492CC2C6DA20EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05A6457AD8CE11B3FDE6C3B630CC00BB" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Stephanophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stephanophyllia fungulus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fungulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4A2BEE1BE4BED4DB089C6086F6E6E740" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stephanophyllia fungulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_A073106, Cape Vidal, 140 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="CA144E0C2B13EF3B90232C771CD596E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="8C06D609C41BD16D98C26E6139719D84" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
basal view
|
||
<emphasis id="831BE9EB81BA1362ABF76CF325702CEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5D8595C786265C6537A8EAD81384C0E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Madrepora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madrepora oculata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="oculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ECBB4EAAD2E33A289AB7B6BB1166043" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Madrepora oculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAM_ H3038, off St Lucia, 825 m) full view
|
||
<emphasis id="BABF1ED07ECC6CEDFB91E90B5648D813" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="08336A102D15E02F0117DE66E9D78A2D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CED831B25C903F02873AC69B361039D" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Culicia</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21D9B596F99E662CFB9B0D3C76A55918" authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1933" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia australiensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">Culicia australiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC_ A073032, off
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1A9CED471A789F3CA0659C138D1DA145" originalValue="Shaka’s">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rock, 50 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="98A125BC49E93D1517772F350CC5CB99" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="562AA3FCC6DB73E14324EC39598CCF20" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||
full view
|
||
<emphasis id="4B7FD30CAF5BC6C4B7B538DB7BA78668" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||
septa details
|
||
<emphasis id="8F1E1DEFFB16006C032999628650FF2B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CAB8502E66A354E1FBF7E63EB81408A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8AF4610527037FED8267E4A5CA06F7E" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia excavata." order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="excavata.">
|
||
<emphasis id="241814716DF5FDAC7A06F261A94DC4E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Culicia excavata.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9512E63E66E5C3CB9AFB8A87200C3FAA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
|
||
(UCTES_DBN85H, off Ispongo, depth unknown): full view
|
||
<emphasis id="DFECA5D49DFE95B467F492C714B9FA40" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
(BMNH 1840.09.30.19, Cape of Good Hope, depth unknown): Calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="45EBF184AE756C624CD4B334836C90E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="F2A1A6E1152549AF95BB36AF111C1BE5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7394C8BBC957D8CBD2B69E33BFED168D" baseAuthorityName="Pourtales" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Stenocyathidae" genus="Stenocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenocyathus vermiformis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="vermiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="074AE3C019700D998CEF4547F1B113F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stenocyathus vermiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAM_H3213, off Cintsa, 630 m)
|
||
<emphasis id="AA71F99349734114715F115872CF3307" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
|
||
calicular view
|
||
<emphasis id="017B1C61DF039E14A170A64559239267" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view Scale bars: 10 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="D119CE48BAF2E13ADFED7FB5B6AF5D80" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-H</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="8F30ED07C136D101E88CF6104CB84FD4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J-N</emphasis>
|
||
); 100 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="E172EEC7702F635C27B304DC7C8F71AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
); 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="C1E472083542750B4F30701EF15D52D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="4394F714D55018EAB0A7242C4CD2ECC7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |