472 lines
52 KiB
XML
472 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="83273A5C61CCA9D7E0F4687BDE8AE41F" ID-CLB-Dataset="46924" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9581ddd0-efed-4ff4-a955-4f6db2dad6c9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199951" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460350412969" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pinto, Roberta Richard, Passos, Paulo, Portilla, José Rances Caicedo, Arredondo, Juan Camilo & Fernandes, Ronaldo" docDate="2010" docId="864C87F9FF84145BFF7B5AB2FA10AD5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02724p028.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2724" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Tricheilostoma nicefori Dunn 1946" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="7A75FF81FF8D1457FFEC5806FF86A855" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the Threadsnakes of the tribe Epictini (Squamata: Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) in Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698293673783" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="37ED3D4A4EC07F27F05A794D234C746F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="2E793CFDC6BE238E1CC6EE420CAB495F">Taxonomy of the Threadsnakes of the tribe Epictini (Squamata: Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) in Colombia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FE3BC2BA2712FAD6C076F3C6515BEB9B">Pinto, Roberta Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0BA77BAC45140A3D5728986F447E9902">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C0F9A8A1507FB2BA5FA7C73A8D741C15">Passos, Paulo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="EFF18C2AC5C7CBE96EBF290FFADABC55">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E0B072474AFB12EDF57F94845D006E7B">Portilla, José Rances Caicedo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="4003C8BE3DD42D324386AD2018AEE2C7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5356E77FC7A3B7E2D6A10502855A1F72">Arredondo, Juan Camilo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="FFCD57A1A6F125587FEBE225CD0E3473" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9193CAAF06AA63B7F146550F25686447">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1B3396AB49A4BA789D2C54FC82B15462">Fernandes, Ronaldo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FC3FE80A0C23D09699AD0A17A2966430">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E260BFF19C2B754C79319C549A56A8FE">
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<mods:date id="3DCFCABCE62455E46959722BCA2205DA">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="06FDD21DD0EF0AFE6D3E79B57634C0FE" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E6784211252C66CE4922CAC52B84A902">2724</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="473B09DA22F2292CEF0D180286B322E8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199951</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="864C87F9FF84145BFF7B5AB2FA10AD5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6204211" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119407854" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6204211" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:864C87F9FF84145BFF7B5AB2FA10AD5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/864C87F9FF84145BFF7B5AB2FA10AD5A" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="46FF6564FF84145EFF7B5AB2FF79AABB" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145EFF7B5AB2FCCEAA98" blockId="9.[151,840,691,750]" box="[151,840,691,718]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<heading id="55128183FF84145EFF7B5AB2FCCEAA98" bold="true" box="[151,840,691,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5AB2FCCEAA98" bold="true" box="[151,840,691,718]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF84145EFF7B5AB2FDD2AA98" authority="Dunn 1946" authorityName="Dunn" authorityYear="1946" box="[151,596,691,718]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Tricheilostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5AB2FE37AA9B" bold="true" box="[151,433,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tricheilostoma nicefori</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF84145EFE2D5AB5FDCAAA98" author="Dunn" box="[449,588,691,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1946) A new snake from the eastern Andes of Colombia. Caldasia, 4, 121 - 122." type="journal article" year="1946">Dunn 1946</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFDB85AB2FDF7AA9B" bold="true" box="[596,625,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">—</emphasis>
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new combination
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145EFF7B5AD0FF79AABB" blockId="9.[151,840,691,750]" box="[151,255,726,750]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||
<figureCitation id="96DE2A6AFF84145EFF7B5AD0FF63AABB" box="[151,229,726,750]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,255,2000,2024]" captionTargetBox="[226,1360,826,1979]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[226,1361,812,1979]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. General view of Tricheilostoma nicefori (MLS 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199956/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="96DE2A6AFF84145EFF1D5AD1FF79AABB" box="[241,255,727,750]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1988,2012]" captionTargetBox="[340,1252,194,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[340,1252,194,1969]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dorsal (A), lateral (B), and ventral (C) views of head of the Tricheilostoma nicefori (ICN 5727)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199957/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="46FF6564FF84145EFF7B5B19FBE0AB98" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145EFF7B5B19FD22AB61" blockId="9.[151,1304,798,974]" box="[151,676,798,821]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF84145EFF7B5B19FE73AB61" authority="Dunn 1946" authorityName="Dunn" authorityYear="1946" box="[151,501,798,821]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5B19FEFDAB60" box="[151,379,799,821]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leptotyphlops nicefori</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF84145EFE6E5B19FE73AB61" author="Dunn" box="[386,501,798,820]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1946) A new snake from the eastern Andes of Colombia. Caldasia, 4, 121 - 122." type="journal article" year="1946">Dunn 1946</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Caldasia, 4:121.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145EFF7B5B3BFD77ABC5" blockId="9.[151,1304,798,974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5B3BFE17AB06" box="[151,401,829,851]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF84145EFF7B5B3BFEA0AB06" box="[151,294,829,851]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Leptotyphlops</taxonomicName>
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nicefori—
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF84145EFE7E5B3BFDEBAB06" author="Orejas-Miranda" box="[402,621,829,851]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1967) El genero " Leptotyphlops " en la region Amazonica. Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica, 5, 421 - 442." type="journal article" year="1967">Orejas-Miranda 1967</bibRefCitation>
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, Atas do Simpósio sobre a Biota Amazonica, 5:421–442.
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5B5AFE17AB27" box="[151,401,860,882]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF84145EFF7B5B5AFEA0AB27" box="[151,294,860,882]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Leptotyphlops</taxonomicName>
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nicefori—
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</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF84145EFE7E5B5BFD4AAB24" author="Peters" box="[402,716,859,882]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Peters, J. A., & Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1970) Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part 1. Snakes. Bulletin of the United States of National Museum, 297, 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1970">Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970</bibRefCitation>
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, Bulletin of the
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<collectingCountry id="76F2767FFF84145EFC825B5DFC70AB24" box="[878,1014,859,881]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">United States</collectingCountry>
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National Museum, 297:171.
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5B7CFE17ABC5" box="[151,401,890,912]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF84145EFF7B5B7CFEA0ABC5" box="[151,294,890,912]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Leptotyphlops</taxonomicName>
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nicefori—
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF84145EFE7E5B7CFD82ABC5" author="Hahn" box="[402,516,890,912]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Hahn, D. E. (1980) Liste der rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien Anomalepididae, Leptotyphlopidae, Typhlopidae. Das Tierreich, 101, 1 - 93." type="journal article" year="1980">Hahn 1980</bibRefCitation>
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, Das Tierreich, 101:22.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145EFF7B5B9FFBE0AB98" blockId="9.[151,1304,798,974]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5B9FFE17ABFA" box="[151,401,921,943]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF84145EFF7B5B9FFEA0ABFA" box="[151,294,921,943]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Leptotyphlops</taxonomicName>
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nicefori—
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF84145EFE7E5B9FFC8BABFA" author="McDiarmid" box="[402,781,921,943]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="McDiarmid, R. W., Campbell, J. A. & Toure, T. (1999) Snake species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference, vol. 1. Washington DC: The Herpetologists' League, 512 pp." type="book" year="1999">McDiarmid, Campbell & Touré 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, Snakes Species of the World, 1:39.
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5BBFFEBAAB9B" box="[151,316,952,974]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF84145EFF7B5BBFFEA6AB9B" box="[151,288,952,974]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">Rena nicefori</taxonomicName>
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—
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</emphasis>
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Hedges, Adalsteinsson & Branch
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFD7F5BBFFD20AB9B" box="[659,678,953,974]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">in</emphasis>
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Adalsteisson
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFCD95BBFFCE6AB9B" box="[821,864,952,974]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
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. 2009, Zootaxa, 2244:11.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="46FF6564FF84145EFF7B5BFBFE8BAC6C" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145EFF7B5BFBFE8BAC6C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1018,2017]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF7B5BFBFE8DAC40" bold="true" box="[151,267,1021,1045]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||
<typeStatus id="D15E884DFF84145EFF7B5BFBFE80AC40" box="[151,262,1021,1045]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="68F4AE2AFF84145EFEF85BFBFECBAC40" box="[276,333,1021,1045]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mztg-j2c7" name="Museo del Instituto de La Salle" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">MLS</collectionCode>
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17, from municipality of Mogotes (
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<geoCoordinate id="6BD15028FF84145EFD1C5BFBFCD4AC40" box="[752,850,1018,1045]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="6.483333">06o 29'N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="6BD15028FF84145EFC8C5BFBFC14AC5D" box="[864,914,1018,1045]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="1.2">
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0
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||
<geoCoordinate id="6BD15028FF84145EFC815BFBFC14AC5D" box="[877,914,1018,1045]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-72.96667">72o</geoCoordinate>
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||
</geoCoordinate>
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58'W; ca.
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||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF84145EFBE05BFBFBE0AC40" box="[1036,1126,1021,1045]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.824" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="1824.0">1824 m</quantity>
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), department of Santander,
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<collectingCountry id="76F2767FFF84145EFF7B5C27FE8FAC6C" box="[151,265,1057,1081]" name="Colombia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="46FF6564FF84145EFF255C43FADCAD44" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145EFF255C43FADCAD44" blockId="9.[151,1437,1018,2017]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF255C43FEC5AC0B" bold="true" box="[201,323,1093,1118]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF84145EFEA05C43FDD3AC08" box="[332,597,1093,1117]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Tricheilostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
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||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFEA05C43FDD3AC08" box="[332,597,1093,1117]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tricheilostoma nicefori</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of the following characters: snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views; supraocular present; ocular subhexagonal, dorsal apex straight and anterior border rounded in the eye level; first supralabial not reaching nostril level; two supralabials (1+1); three infralabials; fused caudals; temporal scale indistinct; rostral triangular in dorsal view; 167–168 middorsal scales; 153 midventral scales; 13–16 subcaudal scales; 10 scales around the middle of tail; dorsum with seven dorsal scale rows uniformly brown, contrasting to the beige covering the seven scale rows of the belly.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="46FF6564FF84145BFF255D1BFD6AA881" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145EFF255D1BFE64AD28" blockId="9.[151,1437,1018,2017]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF84145EFF255D1BFDB7AD63" bold="true" box="[201,561,1309,1334]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Redescription of the
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<typeStatus id="D15E884DFF84145EFE285D18FDABAD63" box="[452,557,1310,1334]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Juvenile male,
|
||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF84145EFD085D1BFCB5AD60" box="[740,819,1309,1333]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL,
|
||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF84145EFC805D18FC28AD60" box="[876,942,1310,1333]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
TAL;
|
||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF84145EFC155D1BFBD6AD60" box="[1017,1104,1309,1333]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
MB; 12.9 TL/TAL; 42.9 TL/ MB;
|
||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF84145EFF3D5D47FEAEAD0C" box="[209,296,1345,1369]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
HL,
|
||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF84145EFE8E5D47FE3EAD0C" box="[354,440,1345,1369]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
HW; head slightly depressed; body subcylindrical, not enlarged on the head and slightly tapered caudally near the tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF84145DFF255D8FFCFEAA0A" blockId="9.[151,1437,1018,2017]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,788]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Head subcylindrical, almost twice as long as wide, slightly depressed, cervical constriction indistinct; snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views; rostral straight in frontal and ventral views, dorsal apex triangular, crossing the transverse imaginary line between anterior margins of ocular scales; rostral contacting supranasal and infranasal laterally and frontal dorsally; nasal completely divided horizontally by oblique suture crossing nostril; nostril roughly elliptic, obliquely oriented and placed in the middle of the nasal suture; supranasal about twice as high as long, bordering rostral anteriorly, infranasal inferiorly, first supralabial and ocular posteriorly, and frontal and supraocular dorsally; infranasal twice as high as long; upper lip border formed by rostral, infranasal, anterior supralabial, ocular, and posterior supralabial scales; temporal scale indistinct from the dorsal scales of lateral rows; two supralabials, entirely separated by ocular (1+1); first supralabial slightly higher than long, not reaching the level of nostril and eye; second supralabial slightly longer than high, its posterior margin in broad contact with temporal, not reaching eye level; ocular enlarged, subhexagonal, rounded in the eye level, twice as high as long, contacting the posterior margins of supranasal and first supralabial anteriorly, parietal and second supralabial posteriorly, and supraocular dorsally, its dorsal apex straight; eye distinct, situated in the middle area of the expanded upper part of ocular, displaced above the level of nostril; supraocular twice as long as wide, subtly longer than frontal scale, contacting supranasal anteriorly, frontal, postfrontal and ocular laterally, and parietal posteriorly; midsaggital head scales (frontal, postfrontal, interparietal and interoccipital) similar in size, hexagonal in dorsal view, weakly imbricate; frontal barely wider than long, contacting rostral, supranasals, supraoculars and postfrontal; postfrontal slightly wider than long, contacting frontal, supraoculars, parietals and interparietal; interparietal wider than long, contacting postfrontal, parietals, occipitals, and interoccipital; interoccipital slightly wider than long, contacting interparietal, occipitals, and the first dorsal scale of the vertebral row; parietal and occipital similar in shape, irregularly pentagonal; parietal almost twice as wide as long, lower margin contacting the upper border of second supralabial, posterior margin contacting respective temporal, occipital and interparietal, postfrontal laterally, anterior border in broad contact with ocular and supraocular; occipital twice as wide as long, its lower limit not attaining the level of the upper margin of second supralabial; symphysial trapezoidal, four times wider than long, anterior and posterior borders straight and slightly convex, respectively; three infralabials behind symphysial on both sides; third infralabial twice as long as high, longer than others, as wide as second supralabial; dorsal scales homogeneous, cycloid, smooth, weekly imbricate, slightly wider than long; 167 (170 according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF87145DFF7B5A06FE90AA42" author="Dunn" box="[151,278,511,535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1946) A new snake from the eastern Andes of Colombia. Caldasia, 4, 121 - 122." type="journal article" year="1946">Dunn 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) middorsal scales; 153 midventral scales; 14 scale rows around midbody, reducing to 10 scale rows in the middle of tail; cloacal shield rounded, twice as wide as long; 16 subcaudals (14 according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF87145DFB265A22FACAAA69" author="Dunn" box="[1226,1356,548,572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1946) A new snake from the eastern Andes of Colombia. Caldasia, 4, 121 - 122." type="journal article" year="1946">Dunn,1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); fused caudals; terminal spine conical, with stout base, longer than wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF87145DFF255A6DFC33AA99" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF87145DFF255A6DFD13AAD1" bold="true" box="[201,661,619,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Colour of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="D15E884DFF87145DFE835A6AFE53AAD1" box="[367,469,620,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in preservative.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Seven dorsal scale rows uniformly brown and seven remaining scale rows beige; lower margins of scales forming the upper lip border and infralabials cream; cloacal shield beige, darker than venter coloration; terminal spine follows the dorsal pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF87145DFF255AD1FEC7AB41" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF87145DFF255AD1FED4AAA5" bold="true" box="[201,338,727,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Hemipenis:</emphasis>
|
||
Left organ partially everted with chalice shape and strait base; protected area has no evident ornamentation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5A9A6667FF87145DFF7B5FD6FCC5AFB2" box="[151,835,2000,2024]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199956/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[226,1360,826,1979]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF87145DFF7B5FD6FCC5AFB2" blockId="10.[151,835,2000,2024]" box="[151,835,2000,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF87145DFF7B5FD6FE9FAFBD" bold="true" box="[151,281,2000,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
General view of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF87145DFE3E5FD7FD4DAFBD" box="[466,715,2001,2024]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Tricheilostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF87145DFE3E5FD7FD4DAFBD" box="[466,715,2001,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tricheilostoma nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MLS 17).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="5A9A6667FF86145CFF7B5FC2FAA2AF89" box="[151,1316,1988,2012]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199957/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[340,1252,194,1967]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF86145CFF7B5FC2FAA2AF89" blockId="11.[151,1316,1988,2012]" box="[151,1316,1988,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF86145CFF7B5FC2FE9FAF89" bold="true" box="[151,281,1988,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (A), lateral (B), and ventral (C) views of head of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF86145CFC4D5FC3FB1CAF89" box="[929,1178,1989,2012]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Tricheilostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF86145CFC4D5FC3FB1CAF89" box="[929,1178,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tricheilostoma nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ICN 5727).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF81145BFF255891FD6AA881" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,1296]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFF255891FEB8A8E5" bold="true" box="[201,318,151,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Middorsal scales 167–168 (
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFD97589FFD0FA8E5" box="[635,649,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2); subcaudal scales 13–16 (
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFC0C589FFC68A8E5" box="[992,1006,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2); TL
|
||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF81145BFBB45891FB58A8FA" box="[1112,1246,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.185" metricValueMax="1.47" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="118.5" valueMax="147.0" valueMin="90.0">90–147 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFB02589FFB7AA8E5" box="[1262,1276,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 3); TL/TAL ratio 12.9–14.7 (
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFEBD58BBFED9A881" box="[337,351,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2); TAL 6.8–7.8% of TL (
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFD4E58BBFD36A881" box="[674,688,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46FF6564FF81145BFF2558E4FB17A94A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF81145BFF2558E4FB17A94A" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,1296]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFF2558E4FEE4A8AE" bold="true" box="[201,354,226,251]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
East versant of Cordillera Oriental from Mogotes (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BD15028FF81145BFC3858E4FBBFA8AF" box="[980,1081,223,250]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="6.483333">06o 29'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BD15028FF81145BFBA758E4FBFBA8B8" box="[1099,1149,223,250]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="1.2">
|
||
0
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BD15028FF81145BFBB458E4FBFBA8B8" box="[1112,1149,223,250]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-72.96667">72o</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
58'W; ca.
|
||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF81145BFAED58E4FADBA8AF" box="[1281,1373,226,250]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.824" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="1824.0">1824 m</quantity>
|
||
) and Cañaverales (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BD15028FF81145BFEC35901FE16A94A" box="[303,400,263,287]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="6.1">06º06’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="6BD15028FF81145BFE705901FD85A94A" box="[412,515,263,287]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-73.21667">73º13’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; ca.
|
||
<quantity id="C91D9B0AFF81145BFDD95901FD0BA94A" box="[565,653,263,287]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="1750.0">1750 m</quantity>
|
||
), department of Santander,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76F2767FFF81145BFC2D5901FBA9A94A" box="[961,1071,263,287]" name="Colombia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="96DE2A6AFF81145BFBD35901FB05A94A" box="[1087,1155,263,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1139,1163]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1117]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,194,1118]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of species of the tribe Epictini in Colombia. Type localities correspond to white symbols." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199954/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46FF6564FF81145BFF25592DFA10AD5A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF81145BFF25592DFAA7ABF2" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,1296]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFF25592DFEBBA916" bold="true" box="[201,317,299,323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFEA9592DFE5FA917" author="Dunn" box="[325,473,298,322]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1946) A new snake from the eastern Andes of Colombia. Caldasia, 4, 121 - 122." type="journal article" year="1946">Dunn (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, based on morphological features (e.g., low middorsal scales) and distribution range suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFEA95949FDC0A932" box="[325,582,335,359]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFEA95949FDC0A932" box="[325,582,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptotyphlops nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was closely related to some species of the Leptotyphlopids occurring in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76F2767FFF81145BFF7B5974FE83A9DF" box="[151,261,370,394]" name="Colombia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFEF55972FE13A9DE" box="[281,405,371,395]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Tricheilostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dugandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFEF55972FE13A9DE" box="[281,405,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. dugandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFE4B5972FD9DA9DE" box="[423,539,371,395]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="joshuai">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFE4B5972FD9DA9DE" box="[423,539,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. joshuai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFDB45972FD73A9DE" box="[600,757,371,395]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Stenostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFDB45972FD73A9DE" box="[600,757,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. macrolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76F2767FFF81145BFCD05974FC1FA9DF" box="[828,921,370,394]" name="Ecuador" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFC405972FBD5A9DE" box="[940,1107,371,395]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anthracinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFC405972FBD5A9DE" box="[940,1107,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. anthracinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Nonetheless,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFAE45975FA1AA9DF" author="Dunn" box="[1288,1436,370,394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1946) A new snake from the eastern Andes of Colombia. Caldasia, 4, 121 - 122." type="journal article" year="1946">Dunn (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFEBC599EFE43A9FA" box="[336,453,407,431]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFEBC599EFE43A9FA" box="[336,453,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all of them by having just one supralabial before the ocular scale. He also affirmed that this supralabial pattern could have significant systematic importance, placing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFB7359BAFA93A986" box="[1183,1301,443,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFB7359BAFA93A986" box="[1183,1301,443,467]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an allied of the species having a higher middorsal scale counts.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFCEB59D9FB8DA9A2" author="Orejas-Miranda" box="[775,1035,479,503]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1967) El genero " Leptotyphlops " en la region Amazonica. Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica, 5, 421 - 442." type="journal article" year="1967">Orejas-Miranda (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFB6759E6FA87A9A2" box="[1163,1281,479,503]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFB6759E6FA87A9A2" box="[1163,1281,479,503]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was possibly related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFEE25A02FEEDAA4E" box="[270,363,515,539]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFEE25A02FEEDAA4E" box="[270,363,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L dulcis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFE915A02FD9DAA4E" box="[381,539,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFE915A02FD91AA4E" box="[381,535,515,539]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimidiatus">L. dimidiatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFDB55A02FD47AA4E" box="[601,705,515,539]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Stenostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFDB55A02FD47AA4E" box="[601,705,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of the number of supralabials. Moreover, Orejas-
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFF7B5A21FECBAA6A" author="Miranda" box="[151,333,551,575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1967) El genero " Leptotyphlops " en la region Amazonica. Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica, 5, 421 - 442." type="journal article" year="1967">Miranda (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented that the taxon was known only from the brief original description, which lacks illustrations of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="D15E884DFF81145BFE805A4CFE54AA37" box="[364,466,586,610]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. For that reason,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFD7A5A4CFC1FAA37" author="Orejas-Miranda" box="[662,921,586,610]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1967) El genero " Leptotyphlops " en la region Amazonica. Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica, 5, 421 - 442." type="journal article" year="1967">Orejas-Miranda (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFBC55A4AFB18AA36" box="[1065,1182,587,611]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFBC55A4AFB18AA36" box="[1065,1182,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be close related to species lacking supraocular scale, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFD725A76FC96AAD2" box="[670,784,623,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFD725A76FC96AAD2" box="[670,784,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. humilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFCCD5A76FC65AAD2" box="[801,995,624,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septemstriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFCCD5A76FC65AAD2" box="[801,995,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. septemstriatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFC1F5A76FB22AAD2" box="[1011,1188,623,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borrichianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFC1F5A76FB22AAD2" box="[1011,1188,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. borrichianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFB585A76FACCAAD2" box="[1204,1354,624,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFB585A76FACCAAD2" box="[1204,1354,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. cupinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFA695A76FE9EAAFE" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFA695A76FE9EAAFE" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. brasiliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFEC65A94FDB7AAFF" author="Orejas-Miranda" box="[298,561,658,682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1967) El genero " Leptotyphlops " en la region Amazonica. Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica, 5, 421 - 442." type="journal article" year="1967">Orejas-Miranda (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also considered the
|
||
<typeStatus id="D15E884DFF81145BFCCB5A94FC0FAAFF" box="[807,905,658,682]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFC5A5A92FBA9AAFE" box="[950,1071,659,683]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFC5A5A92FBA9AAFE" box="[950,1071,659,683]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as missing. Peters and Orejas- Miranda (1970) allocated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFE505ABEFDB7AA9A" box="[444,561,695,719]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFE505ABEFDB7AA9A" box="[444,561,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFD605AB1FC10AA9A" box="[652,918,695,719]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFD605AB1FC10AA9A" box="[652,918,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptotyphlops albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” species group. However, the characters used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFF565ADDFDB0AAA7" author="Peters" box="[186,566,730,754]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Peters, J. A., & Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1970) Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part 1. Snakes. Bulletin of the United States of National Museum, 297, 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1970">Peters and Orejas-Miranda (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to diagnose “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFD3C5ADDFC3EAAA6" box="[720,952,731,755]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFD3C5ADDFC3EAAA6" box="[720,952,731,755]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptotyphlops dulcis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” from the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFBD25ADDFAC1AAA6" box="[1086,1351,731,755]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFBD25ADDFAC1AAA6" box="[1086,1351,731,755]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptotyphlops albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” group are variable, not distinguishing any group unambiguously (Pinto & Curcio
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFC0C5B06FBB1AB42" box="[992,1079,768,791]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">in press</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFBA25B06FAACAB42" box="[1102,1322,767,791]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Passos, P., Caramaschi, U. & Pinto, R. R. (2006) Redescription of Leptotyphlops koppesi Amaral, 1954, and description of a new species of the Leptotyphlops dulcis group from Central Brazil (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Amphibia- Reptilia, 27, 347 - 357." type="journal article">
|
||
Passos
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFB4C5B06FB5FAB42" box="[1184,1241,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Pinto and Curcio (
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFECE5B22FEFFAB6E" box="[290,377,804,827]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">in press</emphasis>
|
||
) proposed some additional characters of external and internal morphology that can support the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFF4F5B41FE0BAB0A" box="[163,397,839,863]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFF4F5B41FE0BAB0A" box="[163,397,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptotyphlops dulcis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” group, such as: midsaggital cephalic scales with moderate size, rostral scale subtriangular in dorsal view, presence of fused caudals, subhexagonal ocular scale with rounded shape at the eye level, enlarged terminal spine, longer than wide, and narrow basal and robust terminal portions of the hemipenial body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0E5A36EFFF81145BFF255BB4FA10AD5A" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,1296]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFF255BB4FD9BAB9F" box="[201,541,946,971]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Adalsteinsson, S. A., Branch, W. R., Trape, S., Vitt, L. J. & Hedges, S. B. (2009) Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of snakes of the family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata). Zootaxa, 2244, 1 - 50." type="journal article">
|
||
Adalsteinsson
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFE965BB2FE39AB9E" box="[378,447,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
allocated the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFD005BB5FC64AB9E" box="[748,994,947,971]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dulcis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFD005BB5FC64AB9E" box="[748,994,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptotyphlops dulcis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” group in two genera (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFACA5BB2FAE6AB9E" box="[1318,1376,948,971]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFACA5BB2FAE6AB9E" box="[1318,1376,948,971]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFF7B5BD1FEB9ABBA" box="[151,319,983,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Tricheilostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFF7B5BD1FEB9ABBA" box="[151,319,983,1007]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tricheilostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFE505BD1FD40ABBA" box="[444,710,983,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFE505BD1FD40ABBA" box="[444,710,983,1007]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leptotyphlops albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” group into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFCB95BDEFC20ABBA" box="[853,934,984,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFCB95BDEFC20ABBA" box="[853,934,984,1007]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Epictia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFC315BDEFB90ABBA" box="[989,1046,984,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFC315BDEFB90ABBA" box="[989,1046,984,1007]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A744B1EFF81145BFB535BD1FF62AC47" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Adalsteinsson, S. A., Branch, W. R., Trape, S., Vitt, L. J. & Hedges, S. B. (2009) Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of snakes of the family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata). Zootaxa, 2244, 1 - 50." type="journal article">
|
||
Adalsteinsson
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFA885BDEFA13ABBA" box="[1380,1429,983,1007]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFF1C5BFAFE0EAC46" box="[240,392,1019,1043]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFF1C5BFAFE0EAC46" box="[240,392,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rena nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFDF35BFAFD03AC46" box="[543,645,1019,1043]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Stenostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFDF35BFAFD03AC46" box="[543,645,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFD7F5BFAFC9BAC46" box="[659,797,1019,1043]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFD7F5BFAFC9BAC46" box="[659,797,1019,1043]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. dimidiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFCC05BFAFC55AC46" box="[812,979,1020,1043]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unguirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFCC05BFAFC55AC46" box="[812,979,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. unguirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and North and Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="76F2767FFF81145BFB305BFCFABAAC47" box="[1244,1340,1018,1042]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
species, based on small size of supraocular scales, white venter, two supralabials and higher number of middorsal scales. However, the diagnostic characters used by the authors for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFC415C42FC61AC0E" box="[941,999,1092,1115]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFC415C42FC61AC0E" box="[941,999,1092,1115]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are ambiguous, since the white venter does not occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFEB35C6EFE53AC2A" box="[351,469,1127,1151]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFEB35C6EFE53AC2A" box="[351,469,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFDE05C6EFDF7AC2A" box="[524,625,1127,1151]" class="Squamata" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Stenostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFDE05C6EFDF7AC2A" box="[524,625,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. affinis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(R.R. Pinto pers. obs.). Furthermore, the higher number (on average) of middorsal scales diagnosing them from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFDB35C8DFC81ACF6" box="[607,775,1163,1187]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Tricheilostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFDB35C8DFC81ACF6" box="[607,775,1163,1187]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tricheilostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(according to the authors) was not cited on their Table 2, suggesting to us that this is not a relevant character in the generic level recognition. Therefore, herein we transfer
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFF7B5CD2FE8AACBE" box="[151,268,1235,1259]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Rena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFF7B5CD2FE8AACBE" box="[151,268,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9E54D6CFF81145BFE4C5CD5FDCEACBE" box="[416,584,1235,1259]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Tricheilostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFE4C5CD5FDCEACBE" box="[416,584,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tricheilostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the characters proposed above and detailed in Pinto and Curcio (
|
||
<emphasis id="3C91EAFDFF81145BFA6A5CD2FF57AD5A" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">in press</emphasis>
|
||
), and we emphasize the needs of corroboration of these genera also through morphological synapomorphies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |