125 lines
16 KiB
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125 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="4DA16241F0555DCC1F410449FB3E75D7" ID-CLB-Dataset="36729" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3917.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="39ff92ed-ddb8-4ec4-af8a-19e3288fdbd1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287785" ID-ZooBank="D8CB263D-645B-46CE-B797-461B6A86A98A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460978373835" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Łukowiak, Magdalena" docDate="2015" docId="2125D91F1B03295F7ED9C698F701FEC9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03917p065.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3917 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Acarnidae Dendy 1922" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="DD1CA1671B20297B7E4EC039F41BFF89" masterDocTitle="Late Eocene siliceous sponge fauna of southern Australia: reconstruction based on loose spicules record" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1732591284560" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CF79DA6C38F1C503DECC07E6612FADE2">Late Eocene siliceous sponge fauna of southern Australia: reconstruction based on loose spicules record</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5933B3D13D33F2FA9A6F7DCDEF2C1EE3">Łukowiak, Magdalena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4B363DF4A5CDAB81A27356A2B51C6CAA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2A897F77E30D763B9D2D7A0AE5538D0D">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="037C750FFB664CA885B75F95B0100119">3917</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CE7DACDB341FC1DC2A1E948466E56C57" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3917.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2125D91F1B03295F7ED9C698F701FEC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6108601" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127671521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6108601" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2125D91F1B03295F7ED9C698F701FEC9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2125D91F1B03295F7ED9C698F701FEC9" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" scope_order="Poecilosclerida">
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<subSubSection id="E1963B821B03295F7ED9C698F701FEC9" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A93368091B0329587ED9C698F602F932" blockId="35.[151,537,1697,1723]" box="[151,537,1697,1723]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="F27BDF651B0329587ED9C698F602F932" bold="true" box="[151,537,1697,1723]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587ED9C698F602F932" bold="true" box="[151,537,1697,1723]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587EB8C698F602F932" ID-CoL="84JTS" ID-ENA="561729" authority="Dendy, 1922" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1922" box="[246,537,1697,1723]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
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Acarnidae
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587FCEC698F602F932" author="Dendy" box="[384,537,1697,1723]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Dendy, A. (1922) Report on the Sigmatotetraxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Sealark' in the Indian Ocean. In: Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, 7. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 18 (1), pp. 1 - 164. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1922. tb 00547. x" type="journal article" year="1922">Dendy, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A93368091B03295F7ED9C6DEF16CFF71" blockId="35.[151,1436,1767,2009]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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There are also extremely rare cladotylotes found in the studied material. Even though the fragment of the cladotylote (the pointed end) is absent (see
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<figureCitation id="31B7748C1B0329587C34C735F6D1F8AD" box="[634,714,1804,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1333,1355]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1311]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1437,373,1312]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Spicules of sponges of the order Poecilosclerida; A, B—Punctated oxeas of Histodermella australis Dendy, 1924, family Coelosphaeridae; C, D—Acanthoxeas of Histodermella sp., family Coelosphaeridae; E – H—Different types of acantooxeas of the order Poecilosclerida; I—Isochelae microsclere of the order Poecilosclerida; J, K—Sigma microscleres of the order Poecilosclerida; L, M—Tylotes of the order Poecilosclerida; N—Cladotylote of Acarnus sp., family Acarnidae (not complete); O—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme, family Raspailiidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287806/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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N), the size and the morphology of the rest of the spicule suggest that it most probably belongs to the poecilosclerid genus
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587D02C709F05FF8C1" authority="Gray, 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[844,1092,1839,1864]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587D02C709F7B2F8CE" box="[844,937,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Acarnus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587DF8C709F05FF8C1" author="Gray" box="[950,1092,1839,1864]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867 a) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558." type="journal article" year="1867" yearSuffix="a">Gray, 1867a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. There are 6 species of this cosmopolitan genus currently known in Australian waters:
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587D70C76DF033F8E4" box="[830,1064,1876,1901]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bergquistae">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587D70C76DF033F8E4" box="[830,1064,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Acarnus bergquistae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991,
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587E91C741F606F819" authority="Dendy, 1896" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1896" box="[223,541,1911,1936]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="guentheri">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587E91C741F577F819" box="[223,364,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. guentheri</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587F30C74EF60EF819" author="Dendy" box="[382,533,1911,1936]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Dendy, A. (1896) Catalogue of Non-Calcareous Sponges collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, Esq., M. A., in the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads. Part II. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, New Series, 8, 14 - 51." type="journal article" year="1896">Dendy, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587C65C741F6B6F819" box="[555,685,1911,1936]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hoshinoi">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587C65C741F6B6F819" box="[555,685,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. hoshinoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991,
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587A3DC741F16DF819" authority="Dendy, 1896" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1896" box="[1139,1398,1911,1936]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenuis">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587A3DC741F09FF806" box="[1139,1156,1912,1935]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587ADBC740F0C3F819" box="[1173,1240,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">tenuis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587AACC74EF16DF819" author="Dendy" box="[1250,1398,1911,1936]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Dendy, A. (1896) Catalogue of Non-Calcareous Sponges collected by J. Bracebridge Wilson, Esq., M. A., in the neighbourhood of Port Phillip Heads. Part II. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, New Series, 8, 14 - 51." type="journal article" year="1896">Dendy, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587BCAC741F597F83D" authority="Ridley, 1884" authorityName="Ridley" authorityYear="1884" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ternatus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587BCAC741F4E8F83D" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. ternatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587EB4C7A5F597F83D" author="Ridley" box="[250,396,1948,1973]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1884) Spongiida. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Alert', 1881 - 2. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 366 - 482, 582 - 630. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 22498" type="book chapter" year="1884">Ridley, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587F88C7A5F6F4F83D" authority="Keller, 1889" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[454,751,1948,1973]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wolffgangi">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587F88C7A5F646F83C" box="[454,605,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. wolffgangi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587C2AC7A5F6F4F83D" author="Keller" box="[612,751,1948,1973]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Keller, C. (1889) Die Spongienfauna des rothen Meeres (I. Halfte). Zeitschrift Fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 48, 311 - 405." type="journal article" year="1889">Keller, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Atlas of Living
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<collectingCountry id="D19B28991B0329587DFDC7A5F000F83C" box="[947,1051,1948,1973]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Australia</collectingCountry>
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) so it is most probable is that they belong to one of these species. The spicules described here may belong to
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587DAEC7F8F041F851" box="[992,1114,1985,2008]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="ternatus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587DAEC7F8F041F851" box="[992,1114,1985,2008]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. ternatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as they possess very similar cladotyles (compare with van Soest
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B04295F7C60C0A0F644FF39" box="[558,607,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
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. 1991, pl. 3, fig. 6) but a certain assignment is not possible because other species of
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B04295F7F58C085F568FF5A" box="[278,371,188,211]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B04295F7F58C085F568FF5A" box="[278,371,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acarnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(e.g.,
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B04295F7F8AC085F65CFF5C" box="[452,583,188,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hoshinoi">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B04295F7F8AC085F65CFF5C" box="[452,583,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A. hoshinoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) also have similar spicules.
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B04295F7DD2C085F7E2FF5A" box="[924,1017,188,211]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Acarnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B04295F7DD2C085F7E2FF5A" box="[924,1017,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Acarnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is noted today from temperate and tropical seas, including
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<collectingCountry id="D19B28991B04295F7FEFC0E6F613FF71" box="[417,520,223,248]" name="Australia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Australia</collectingCountry>
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(Atlas of Living
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<collectingCountry id="D19B28991B04295F7C84C0E6F72EFF71" box="[714,821,223,248]" name="Australia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Australia</collectingCountry>
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), in predominantly shallow waters (Hooper 2002a).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A93368091B04295F7E89C13DF701FEC9" blockId="36.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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The articulated spicules of this genus were already recorded from the Miocene of Blake-Bahama Basin (western Central Atlantic) by
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B04295F7FABC11EF70DFEC9" author="Bukry" box="[485,790,295,320]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refString="Bukry, D. (1978) Cenozoic coccolith, silicoflagellate, and diatom stratigraphy, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 44. In: Benson, W. E., Sheridan, R. E. et al. (Eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, 44, pp. 807 - 864. [U. S. Goverment Printing Office, Washington] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2973 / dsdp. proc. 44.137.1978" type="journal article" year="1978">Bukry (1978, pl. 10, fig. 8)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |