131 lines
20 KiB
XML
131 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="5A6957ACBBCB376E1A1C499E958BB5ED" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3917.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="39ff92ed-ddb8-4ec4-af8a-19e3288fdbd1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287785" ID-ZooBank="D8CB263D-645B-46CE-B797-461B6A86A98A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460978373835" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Łukowiak, Magdalena" docDate="2015" docId="2125D91F1B0329587ED9C3EBF62DF9C7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03917p065.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3917 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Coelosphaeridae Dendy 1922" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="DD1CA1671B20297B7E4EC039F41BFF89" masterDocTitle="Late Eocene siliceous sponge fauna of southern Australia: reconstruction based on loose spicules record" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1698559848102" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2373125F8122F8242AE88F6020FD1266">Late Eocene siliceous sponge fauna of southern Australia: reconstruction based on loose spicules record</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14EF11F291342329E2117EB64AAA9167">Łukowiak, Magdalena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D5D022C353B3CA68908335793B9018AE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="70BBC48BF94848E4207DD697274B78D9">3917</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2125D91F1B0329587ED9C3EBF62DF9C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6108599" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127671522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6108599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2125D91F1B0329587ED9C3EBF62DF9C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2125D91F1B0329587ED9C3EBF62DF9C7" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection id="E1963B821B0329587ED9C3EBF62DF9C7" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A93368091B0329587ED9C3EBF67CFC65" blockId="35.[151,615,978,1004]" box="[151,615,978,1004]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<heading id="F27BDF651B0329587ED9C3EBF67CFC65" bold="true" box="[151,615,978,1004]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587ED9C3EBF67CFC65" bold="true" box="[151,615,978,1004]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587EB8C3EBF67CFC65" ID-CoL="84K33" authority="Dendy, 1922" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1922" box="[246,615,978,1004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
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Coelosphaeridae
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587F80C3EBF67CFC65" author="Dendy" box="[462,615,978,1004]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Dendy, A. (1922) Report on the Sigmatotetraxonida collected by H. M. S. ' Sealark' in the Indian Ocean. In: Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, 7. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 18 (1), pp. 1 - 164. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1922. tb 00547. x" type="journal article" year="1922">Dendy, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A93368091B0329587ED9C423F6C7FA83" blockId="35.[151,1437,1049,1614]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Among studied acanthoxeas, there are some characteristic enough to assign them to the genus level. These are heavily spined, megasclere-sized (170–300 µm) oxeas with coarse spines that undoubtedly belong to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587ED9C458F5EEFBF3" authority="Lundbeck, 1910" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,501,1121,1146]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587ED9C458F52CFBF3" box="[151,311,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Histodermella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587F71C458F5EEFBF3" author="Lundbeck" box="[319,501,1121,1146]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Lundbeck, W. (1910) Porifera. (Part III.) Desmacidonidae (pars.). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition, 6 (3), pp. 1 - 124. [Bianco Luno, Copenhagen]" type="journal article" year="1910">Lundbeck, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="31B7748C1B0329587C4BC458F67AFBF3" box="[517,609,1121,1146]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1333,1355]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1311]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1437,373,1312]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Spicules of sponges of the order Poecilosclerida; A, B—Punctated oxeas of Histodermella australis Dendy, 1924, family Coelosphaeridae; C, D—Acanthoxeas of Histodermella sp., family Coelosphaeridae; E – H—Different types of acantooxeas of the order Poecilosclerida; I—Isochelae microsclere of the order Poecilosclerida; J, K—Sigma microscleres of the order Poecilosclerida; L, M—Tylotes of the order Poecilosclerida; N—Cladotylote of Acarnus sp., family Acarnidae (not complete); O—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme, family Raspailiidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287806/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
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A–D). Besides the acanthoxeas, this genus is also characterized by sigma and isochelae microscleres. The isochelae were not found in the studied samples, probably because of their small size (with a single exception; see
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<figureCitation id="31B7748C1B0329587C54C490F676FB4B" box="[538,621,1193,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1333,1355]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1311]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1437,373,1312]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Spicules of sponges of the order Poecilosclerida; A, B—Punctated oxeas of Histodermella australis Dendy, 1924, family Coelosphaeridae; C, D—Acanthoxeas of Histodermella sp., family Coelosphaeridae; E – H—Different types of acantooxeas of the order Poecilosclerida; I—Isochelae microsclere of the order Poecilosclerida; J, K—Sigma microscleres of the order Poecilosclerida; L, M—Tylotes of the order Poecilosclerida; N—Cladotylote of Acarnus sp., family Acarnidae (not complete); O—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme, family Raspailiidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287806/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Fig.
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<date id="DD324EC91B0329587C01C493F676FB4B" box="[591,621,1194,1218]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" value="1921-01">21</date>
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</figureCitation>
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I). However, there are some sigma microscleres recorded (
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<figureCitation id="31B7748C1B0329587B49C490F17EFB4B" box="[1287,1381,1193,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1333,1355]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1311]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1437,373,1312]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Spicules of sponges of the order Poecilosclerida; A, B—Punctated oxeas of Histodermella australis Dendy, 1924, family Coelosphaeridae; C, D—Acanthoxeas of Histodermella sp., family Coelosphaeridae; E – H—Different types of acantooxeas of the order Poecilosclerida; I—Isochelae microsclere of the order Poecilosclerida; J, K—Sigma microscleres of the order Poecilosclerida; L, M—Tylotes of the order Poecilosclerida; N—Cladotylote of Acarnus sp., family Acarnidae (not complete); O—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme, family Raspailiidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287806/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
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J, K) but their attribution to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587C4DC4F4F6B8FB6F" box="[515,675,1229,1254]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587C4DC4F4F6B8FB6F" box="[515,675,1229,1254]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Histodermella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is uncertain because this morphotype of spicules may also appear in numerous other groups of the order
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587C64C4C8F6C2FA83" box="[554,729,1265,1290]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Poecilosclerida</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A93368091B0329587E89C52FF62DF9C7" blockId="35.[151,1437,1049,1614]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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On the other hand, some of these acanthoxeas (
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<figureCitation id="31B7748C1B0329587CAFC52CF725FAA7" box="[737,830,1301,1326]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1333,1355]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1311]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1437,373,1312]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Spicules of sponges of the order Poecilosclerida; A, B—Punctated oxeas of Histodermella australis Dendy, 1924, family Coelosphaeridae; C, D—Acanthoxeas of Histodermella sp., family Coelosphaeridae; E – H—Different types of acantooxeas of the order Poecilosclerida; I—Isochelae microsclere of the order Poecilosclerida; J, K—Sigma microscleres of the order Poecilosclerida; L, M—Tylotes of the order Poecilosclerida; N—Cladotylote of Acarnus sp., family Acarnidae (not complete); O—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme, family Raspailiidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287806/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
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A, B) are identical morphologically to spicules of the Recent species
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587F09C500F6F6FADB" authority="Dendy, 1924" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1924" box="[327,749,1337,1362]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587F09C500F648FADB" box="[327,595,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Histodermella australis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587C12C500F6F6FADB" author="Dendy" box="[604,749,1337,1362]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Dendy, A. (1924) Porifera. Part I. Non-Antarctic sponges. Natural History Report. British Antarctic (Terra Nova) Expedition, 1910 (Zoology), 6 (3), 269 - 392." type="journal article" year="1924">Dendy, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(compare with van
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587D9BC503F07FFADB" author="Soest" box="[981,1124,1337,1362]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (2002 d) Family Coelosphaeridae Dendy, 1922. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Soest, R. W. M. van (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, pp. 528 - 546." type="book chapter" year="2002" yearSuffix="d">Soest 2002d</bibRefCitation>
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, figs. 6F, H; and
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<figureCitation id="31B7748C1B0329587B63C500F164FADB" box="[1325,1407,1337,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[181,1399,586,1310]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[157,1442,555,1330]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 22. Spicules of recent peocilosclerid sponges; A—Punctated oxea of Histodermella australis (after van Soest 2002); B—Acanthorhasbds of Rhabdeurypon spinosum (after Hooper 2002 b); C—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme (after Hooper 2002 b); D—Acanthorhabds of Crellastrina alecto (from van Soest 2002 b after Topsent 1904)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287807/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
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A) despite the fact that the recent spicules are more than two times smaller than the Eocene spicules. The other species with similar spicules is
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587FD3C5BBF714FA13" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1903" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityYear="1903" box="[413,783,1409,1434]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="natalensis">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587FD3C5BBF62BFA13" box="[413,560,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">H. natalensis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587C73C5B8F71CFA13" author="Kirkpatrick" box="[573,775,1409,1434]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1903) Descriptions of South African Sponges. Part III. Marine Investigations in South Africa, 2 (14), 233 - 264." type="journal article" year="1903">Kirkpatrick, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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but it is noted only from African waters while
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587B56C5BBF187FA13" box="[1304,1436,1409,1434]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587B56C5BBF187FA13" box="[1304,1436,1409,1434]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">H. australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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inhabits currently waters around
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<collectingCountry id="D19B28991B0329587C48C59FF680FA37" box="[518,667,1445,1470]" name="New Zealand" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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(van
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587C95C59FF77CFA37" author="Soest" box="[731,871,1445,1470]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (2002 d) Family Coelosphaeridae Dendy, 1922. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Soest, R. W. M. van (Eds.), Systema Porifera. Guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, pp. 528 - 546." type="book chapter" year="2002" yearSuffix="d">Soest 2002d</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="CD1D15F81B0329587D3CC59CF0BEFA37" author="Bergquist" box="[882,1189,1445,1470]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refString="Bergquist, P. & Fromont, J. (1988) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 4 (Poecilosclerida). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 96, 1 - 197." type="journal article" year="1988">Bergquist & Fromont 1988</bibRefCitation>
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). There are no species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587F72C5F0F5C7FA6B" box="[316,476,1481,1506]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587F72C5F0F5C7FA6B" box="[316,476,1481,1506]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Histodermella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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recorded from
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<collectingCountry id="D19B28991B0329587CEEC5F0F71CFA6B" box="[672,775,1481,1506]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Australia</collectingCountry>
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today (Atlas of Living
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<collectingCountry id="D19B28991B0329587A7DC5F0F084FA6B" box="[1075,1183,1481,1506]" name="Australia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Australia</collectingCountry>
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). Among the studied acanthoxeas, considering all these arguments, the studied spicules belong to
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587DA5C5D4F0EFF98F" box="[1003,1268,1517,1542]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587DA5C5D4F0EFF98F" box="[1003,1268,1517,1542]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Histodermella australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="31B7748C1B0329587B4DC5D4F145F98F" box="[1283,1374,1517,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1333,1355]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1311]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1437,373,1312]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Spicules of sponges of the order Poecilosclerida; A, B—Punctated oxeas of Histodermella australis Dendy, 1924, family Coelosphaeridae; C, D—Acanthoxeas of Histodermella sp., family Coelosphaeridae; E – H—Different types of acantooxeas of the order Poecilosclerida; I—Isochelae microsclere of the order Poecilosclerida; J, K—Sigma microscleres of the order Poecilosclerida; L, M—Tylotes of the order Poecilosclerida; N—Cladotylote of Acarnus sp., family Acarnidae (not complete); O—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme, family Raspailiidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287806/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
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A, B) and
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587E88C628F57DF9A3" box="[198,358,1553,1578]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587E88C628F57DF9A3" box="[198,358,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Histodermella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<figureCitation id="31B7748C1B0329587FD2C628F5E3F9A3" box="[412,504,1553,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1333,1355]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,373,1311]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1437,373,1312]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 21. Spicules of sponges of the order Poecilosclerida; A, B—Punctated oxeas of Histodermella australis Dendy, 1924, family Coelosphaeridae; C, D—Acanthoxeas of Histodermella sp., family Coelosphaeridae; E – H—Different types of acantooxeas of the order Poecilosclerida; I—Isochelae microsclere of the order Poecilosclerida; J, K—Sigma microscleres of the order Poecilosclerida; L, M—Tylotes of the order Poecilosclerida; N—Cladotylote of Acarnus sp., family Acarnidae (not complete); O—Triod of Trikentrion flabelliforme, family Raspailiidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287806/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
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C, D). The spicules of such morphology assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="6E8C138A1B0329587A0EC628F152F9A3" box="[1088,1353,1553,1578]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Histodermella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="9BF8B41B1B0329587A0EC628F152F9A3" box="[1088,1353,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Histodermella australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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are not known, so far, from the fossil record.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
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</document> |