187 lines
25 KiB
XML
187 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="CCBF479302A7442ED2EACA8E17D40531" ID-CLB-Dataset="35127" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.450.7452" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a3fc6ee3-7633-4bf5-9be4-f979ef9810c1" ID-PMC="PMC4233402" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-450-1" ID-PubMed="25408617" ID-ZooBank="6EAFB9611C8C4A88BB84CBCE13CDE663" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-450-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 450" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic monograph of Nearctic Scolytus Geoffroy (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)" checkinTime="1451245189022" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Sarah M. & Cognato, Anthony I." docDate="2014" docId="212412461800A2708C4E1F504280E52D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 450: 1-182" docOrigin="ZooKeys 450" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.450.7452" docTitle="Scolytus obelus Wood 1962" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FFF8FFEDC228FF81FFA4FFBD8B484705" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic monograph of Nearctic Scolytus Geoffroy (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1701374697345" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B1943299CCF849EE1918DF9FAD762CDB">A taxonomic monograph of Nearctic Scolytus Geoffroy (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A66A4F50B7A96B824A4FC15CB954F8A9">Smith, Sarah M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0CADC7CDE125A49FAB88C374F92A9F5E">Cognato, Anthony I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="30BF226C7020C0B5EDC0EB135404EF4D">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="212412461800A2708C4E1F504280E52D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056128" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:212412461800A2708C4E1F504280E52D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/212412461800A2708C4E1F504280E52D" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection id="4D18027CE3276E5B62992A4620A7458F" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="4897D8B74EB5FF1FB1EE504465536B61" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Curculionidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="330372F45EEA4DB858A9B233342D4570" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="26E3DEE85FDF979E226A029D2FEC7683" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="CEBB9C6CB96BC24BC31934740138471F" ID-CoL="4VTM6" authority="Wood, 1962" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1962" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolytus obelus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obelus">Scolytus obelus Wood, 1962</taxonomicName>
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Figs 29, 41
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7008411D0060ACDD34B68C39F960C40E" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="ACA6DEC546DAF4B179176F5F987BEBBB" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="4685EFCD86B72FAF6CFBC31412E84F13" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolytus obelus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obelus">Scolytus obelus</taxonomicName>
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Wood, 1962: 81.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="79B95BCA8BB9B939E6543F4A8FBC7765" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="AECE29152B119E908B2668C9E90DE211" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DE09015D5FDE0A1A56295E4F0BB6A01E" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Both sexes of
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<taxonomicName id="DC5065869EEFDAD74560B72728F716F8" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolytus obelus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obelus">Scolytus obelus</taxonomicName>
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strongly resemble
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<taxonomicName id="7EBD3FE69C1E0D6CAE34AC55D3AE546E" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolytus praeceps" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeceps">Scolytus praeceps</taxonomicName>
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and are distinguished by the presence of a small median denticle on the apical margin of ventrite 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5FC10E0B310B8C65FFB9B15194B7F38B" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description (male)">
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<paragraph id="043C4635A3DA50E26F65B21AA9203669" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description (male).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A0FDEA283859D475638066F14342FD7D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">1.8-2.9 mm long (mean = 2.2 mm; n = 20); 2.1-2.9 times as long as wide. Color red brown to dark red-brown, antennae brown. Pronotum typically darker than elytra.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="96437C4306E056530690451975F9466A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Head. Epistoma weakly emarginate; epistomal process weakly developed, low; median area above mandibles bearing dense patch of long, yellow, hair-like setae. Frons appearing convex when viewed laterally, slightly transversely impressed just above epistoma; moderately, coarsely aciculate-punctate; aciculations converging at epistoma; punctures small, coarse; moderately, uniformly, covered by long, fine, yellow, erect hair-like setae, these longer than width of midpoint of eye. Antennal scape short, elongate; club flattened, ovoid, setose with partial septum, three arcuate sutures visible.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B8B534B2282E70BA3959A73060CA1B62" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pronotum wider than long; apical margin broadly rounded, median area between eyes lined with scales; sides distinctly arcuate, strongly constricted near apex, forming a weak transverse impression near apical margin; surface smooth, shining, punctures on disc fine, shallow, moderately abundant, larger and more abundant laterally and on apical constriction; apical and anterolateral margins bearing sparse, erect, yellow, hair-like setae; base weakly bisinuate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E99FD5D734BF12207C6E866A726F53E" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Elytra with sides sub-parallel on apical half, narrowing to subquadrate, weakly serrate apex; apex weakly emarginated at suture. Margin of apical edge bearing large, coarse punctures. Disc glabrous, smooth, shining; interstriae not impressed, more than twice width of striae, punctures uniseriate, smaller than those of striae; striae not impressed. Declivity bearing sparse, short, erect yellow setae. Metepimeron half-length of metanepisternum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="79B78BAEBF66577A6D0C041076171328" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Venter. Apical margin of ventrite 1 strongly, acutely produced, forming lip along base of ventrite 2, basal margin of ventrite 2 appearing impressed. Apical margin of ventrite 1 weakly elevated above base of ventrite 2. Ventrite 2 nearly perpendicular to ventrite 1; surface shagreened, dull, finely punctate; punctures small, fine, shallow, punctures varying in size, larger and more abundant near basal margin; surface weakly concave; apical margin armed with acute median denticle; setae short, recumbent, about three times that of a puncture in length; lateral margins of ventrites 2-3 and ventrite 4 unarmed. Ventrite 5 carinate ridge closer to apical margin of segment; length of ventrite 5 equal to combined lengths of ventrites 3 and 4; setal patch and median depression absent.</paragraph>
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<caption id="62EDB5298E9EE9849BF776899D6E54DD" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<paragraph id="BC825BDB46C5873A40715C6A81576481" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Figure 41.
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<taxonomicName id="F0228F975D15AD4E6F410D13E9713D03" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolytus obelus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obelus">Scolytus obelus</taxonomicName>
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A dorsal male habitus B lateral male habitus C male frons D male frons oblique E male venter F male venter oblique G dorsal female habitus H lateral female habitus I female frons J female frons oblique K female venter L female venter oblique.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48AE9B82ECF431E79A24B9CA036D3FE9" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">
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<paragraph id="D697D3868785C64638DDB64E71833DF1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21265A44500197E3ED3A0424F0233E42" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">1.7-3.0 mm long (mean = 2.3 mm; n = 20); 2.0-2.7 times as long as wide. Similar to male except epistoma feebly emarginate, epistomal process absent, frons convex when viewed laterally, weakly aciculate, setae sparser, shorter, less than width of eye; weakly transversely impressed between inner apices of eyes. Apical margin of ventrite 1 moderately elevated above base of ventrite 2. Second ventrite armed with median tumescence or minute denticle.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="49D1E0EF8957BE6F1CC309207F22CD84" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph id="9728FA7BEE7F4DF115A4A0D887DF5A33" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3474F779A9D51DE7E40225D14BF173A7" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">138.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A08BBCD0C62D377728E5AFE9E4E1AB0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="734FAB39EA171BB32B48F2906BDCB0C6" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="178509B5C00042F58D70AF21D88352CD" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Holotype: male, labeled "Payson Canyon, UT, S.L Wood, 14 May 1960,
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<taxonomicName id="EA286CA5096B964D6DB55C2CF5A6AC6C" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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, BLNO 001271" (USNM). Paratypes
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<taxonomicName id="8842BF76E430523DE8994172BD72B338" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolytus obelus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obelus">Scolytus obelus</taxonomicName>
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UNITED STATES:UTAH: [Beaver Co.]: Beaver, 22.IV.1950, S.L. Wood, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="421B1E471CD9ECCCA554B0E29D8843F4" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(USNM-4). Utah Co.: Payson Canyon, 14.V.1960, S.L. Wood, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="3E38CE6F27D6FBE42252F8602B90FD20" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(USNM-6), 25.VI.1962 (USNM-2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B27C5789688C6CF26AFE705692A2E7A4" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="non-type material">
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<paragraph id="ECA93136A2C01BD9C43C50F3354627AA" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Non-type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="384044E374F6621AD70FECEB159B78A5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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United States:Arizona:Coconino Co.: Coconino National Forest, Arizona Snow Bowl,
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<geoCoordinate id="8C94BEA0CA10DB5D84D87003641A728A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.32655">N35°19.593'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="A7ED0DFDFC0BBCC6D2009953B87FE5C3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-111.71135">W111°42.681'</geoCoordinate>
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, 9230 ft, 27.V.2010, S.M. Smith, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="470CE1B12E4E47F8FD5F51B2F8C9ADF5" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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[var. arizonica] (MSUC-62). Jacob Lake, 12 mi S., 31.V.1969, W. Harwood, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="E0482686B9D2C88741B1CEEC27581830" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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branch (USNM-4). Graham Co.: Pinaleno Mountains, 15.VII.1968, D.E. Bright, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="B7EE0BA7BEC035D83454830259842F67" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
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(DEBC-3). [Coronado National Forest], [Pinaleno Mountains], Mount Graham, Hospital Flat, 9050 ft, 19.VIII.1952, H.B. Leech, J.W. Green (CASC-1), 8950 ft, 3.VIII.1965, H.B. Leech (CASC-5). Yavapai Co.: Prescott, 1 mi S., 3.VIII.1962, S.L. W[ood] (USNM-1). Prescott, 9 mi S., 5 mi E., 7800 ft, 5.VI.1969, W. Harwood, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="3CC3804ED397437104D0FAC5B21B5DB7" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(USNM-6). [Unspecified County]: Santa Catalina Mountains, 8500 ft, 31.V.1969 (DEBC-1, FSCA-4). COLORADO:Costilla Co.: near Fort Garland, Forbes Trinchera Ranch, VII-VIII.1976, D. Leatherman, ex. white fir [=
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<taxonomicName id="C92119BAC853BEE5BD810BE91F7D1ECC" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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] (CSUC-4). Huerfano Co.: near Red Wing, 16.VII.1975, D. Leatherman, ex. white fir [=
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<taxonomicName id="B3EB8E9B8CAE9EB1A51AE6B44D550AD8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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] (CSUC-2). NEVADA:Clark Co.: Mary Jane Falls, 7900 ft, 11.VI.1969, Harwood, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="9D126A35F73590003A3C21D83D95CAF5" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(USNM-7). [White Pine Co.]: Baker, S9 T13N R69E, Mount Diablo Meridian, 17.V.1917, T.O. Thatcher, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="DCB7B632C437B267901C5F8EBFD78600" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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, LCNM 39-12 (CSUC-8, USNM-1, WFBM-1). Mount Wheeler, 19.VIII.1974, S.L. Wood, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="3BD59A336380709713456AD53E0494EA" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(USNM-9). NEW MEXICO: [Otero Co.]: Cloudcroft, 14-26.VII.[19]49, W.B.R. Stromberg, ex. fir tree [=
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<taxonomicName id="5D8830026BEFA501FD6AEBF695598D79" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abies</taxonomicName>
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sp.] (USNM-1). [Unspecified County]: Sandia Mountains, 8090 ft, 29.V.1969, S.L. W[ood], ex.
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<taxonomicName id="88F4D23C57D6D2D8A5244B263238CB31" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(USNM-3), 30.V.1969 (USNM-9). UTAH:Utah Co.: Provo, Payson Canyon, VIII.1964, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="FE895CE9FC282ED99D012D7D2CAEEC4C" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(EMEC-4). [Unspecified County]: Bryce Canyon National Park, Hopk. U.S. 35-043, 11.VII.1952, R. Washburn, ex.
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<taxonomicName id="724987D1EFF3BCEC4B3F85A67CA13705" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(EMEC-2).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="60ADA4847D93C9CD885DA272F4743590" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8E251A5E83B2A5068A63D11F07029540" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C59B6298E29E555DF6D9612C7AF93BEE" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">UNITED STATES: Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah (Fig. 27).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3E4C33D6F9F78F07B56BB65A458ABE10" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="hosts">
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<paragraph id="8D38F020DEDFB17E7A546F8A5C8A81F2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E0AF8F25557DD8632834196DCA9BF27" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="FFBA601A2498E14F05F9757775288291" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies concolor" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="concolor">Abies concolor</taxonomicName>
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(Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. (white fir) and
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<taxonomicName id="D600D00FF1328EDB7D15EEAAA1A1DB7B" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lasiocarpa" variety="arizonica">Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica</taxonomicName>
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(Merriam) Lemmon (corkbark fir). Incidental host:
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<taxonomicName id="5BDF7CA4FDC6097DBEC4AC5E3168B1B6" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5609B3E8D095916DC36C60B13A3A941B" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="biology">
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<paragraph id="3C94A0FD54AF3F4DA44283B2ADADF059" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A36CCFF052433D1ECB5F48D23D0F3FF4" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="CB382F07464754D5E073363E2FFCC128" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolytus obelus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obelus">Scolytus obelus</taxonomicName>
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|
is an uncommonly encountered species. The species prefers to colonize the limbs, tops and slash of its host. Infested material ranges from 3.0-10.0 cm in diameter (
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|
<bibRefCitation id="92E91F862ACF922BCA113328511B7118" author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 1359" title="The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph." volume="8" year="1982">Wood 1982</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1D753361065CFA5EEB13A1DE9F98B98" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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The adult gallery contains two egg galleries that branch from the central nuptial chamber. One egg gallery extends from the nuptial chamber perpendicular to the grain of wood and the second gallery extends at a 45° angle to the grain (Fig. 24). Galleries are frequently initiated near branch crotches and disguised under rough patches of bark. The adult gallery deeply scores the sapwood and lightly scores the cambium. The adult galleries range in size from 1.9-6.5 cm in length. Eggs are laid in niches on both sides of each egg gallery and larval mines radiate perpendicular to the egg gallery forming a fan shaped pattern. The larval mines gradually diverge and lightly etch the sapwood. Pupation occurs in the sapwood (
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|
<bibRefCitation id="6F1BCF721D00D44E0AC05FC99CE1F153" author="Edson, LJ" journalOrPublisher="Unpublished thesis, Humboldt State College, California" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" title="An annotated and illustrated key to the species of the genus Scolytus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) attacking coniferous trees of the Nearctic region." year="1967">Edson 1967</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50FB8B353CECC65E25697F45A2B6DD2B" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="collection notes">
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<paragraph id="D89C128A93D892F6E23B411E5EF24481" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Collection notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D1185AA47322F8F44CFEEBB6B45418F8" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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|
The senior author collected specimens from suppressed 2.0-4.0 cm diameter branches of
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|
<taxonomicName id="F5500DCABE1A34DF7EB651F711F6B9C5" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="lasiocarpa" variety="arizonica">Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica</taxonomicName>
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|
that had been girdled at the base by porcupines. Needles of infested branches were pale green to yellow.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="82BFEB687C370CF921D7D556689DA24A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="AE4ADEA839D522DC1E669C0254F367D4" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="47CBBEDB6E4035CB7C7C0CE6CF93BD44" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
|
This species is sister to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4F5A99A1E1DD1FC8964C4A5BEAB7ED99" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolytus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scolytus praeceps" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praeceps">Scolytus praeceps</taxonomicName>
|
|
and is very similar both in morphology and gallery architecture. Interspecific divergence in COI nucleotide difference between these two taxa is quite large and averages 10.36% (Table 7).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |