202 lines
22 KiB
XML
202 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="867206D45A929298BC3BD5364C95A902" ID-CLB-Dataset="88683" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6448815" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbbf94d9-a910-4cda-97df-7eca124163ed" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448815" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" IM.metadata_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1635825784914" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03AD87FAFF8FF661896A35BDFCB8F701" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Styloctenium wallacei" docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="133" masterDocId="FF94FF82FFC4F62A891E341CFFA5FF9B" masterDocTitle="Pteropodidae" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="16" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1719592658732" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B86F43D1A7C67B8AD051FA46B9445C8C">
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<mods:title id="7EBA7939293CC4549BD1F0CD441AEB00">Pteropodidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="302561DC1BFE86465EEFCB8BBA3EC9CF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="097F79C74DAFF3D8991D51A0E1F3C21C">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DA5FDE107968206C7A8F596E088E456A">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="2C64D5969C184B568C409509CA83FE89">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="FDBFAE8521890F56EC3B129343E017CD" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="778A5CDFA4D82F5550BAC16A5DC76601">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="262C810050E97AEC1F54E4733C367313">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B0CF17E41E994A4C69F3C243FDA91243">
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<mods:title id="4D59340B7686F565A8D3CC6EDA49BEDB">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="41E04093015AABC752A29A79999EE00F">
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<mods:start id="AADC3A93BB7E47AB8CE8B4238FD238D7">16</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="561B52A054B2DE9EC1BA50BA0A7D2478" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6448815</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6C3F5E815506CF75C7D2A9CB2AB22817" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AD87FAFF8FF661896A35BDFCB8F701" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6794693" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196379453" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6794693" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AD87FAFF8FF661896A35BDFCB8F701" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AD87FAFF8FF661896A35BDFCB8F701" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF661896A35BDFF66FE48" box="[116,195,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF661896A35BDFF66FE48" blockId="75.[111,1310,417,547]" box="[116,195,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF661896A35BDFF66FE48" box="[116,195,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<figureCitation id="133F2A69FF8FF661896A35BDFF66FE48" box="[116,195,417,467]" captionStart="Plate 8: Pteropodidae" captionStartId="75.[98,128,3361,3386]" captionTargetBox="[12,2745,16,3662]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="127. Wallace's Stripe-faced Fruit Bat (Styloctenium wallacei), 128. Mindoro Stripe-faced Fruit Bat (Styloctenium mindorensis), 129. Small-toothed Fruit Bat (Neopteryx frosti), 130. Sulawesi Flying Fox (Acerodon celebensis), 131. Talaud Flying Fox (Acerodon humilis), 132. Golden-capped Flying Fox (Acerodon jubatus), 133. Palawan Flying Fox (Acerodon leucotis), 134. Sunda Flying Fox (Acerodon macklotii), 135. Moluccan Masked Flying Fox (Pleropus personatus), 136. Lombok Flying Fox (Pteropus lombocensus), 137. Little Red Flying Fox (Pteropus scapulatus), 138. Big-eared Flying Fox (Pteropus macrotis), 139. Gilliard’s Flying Fox (Pteropus gilliardorum), 140. Sanborn’s Flying Fox (Pleropus mahaganus), 141. Dwarf Flying Fox (Pteropus woodfordi), 142. Pohnpei Flying Fox (Pteropus molossinus), 143. Chuuk Flying Fox (Pteropus pelagicus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448883/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">127.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF66189CD35BDFCF9FE48" box="[211,860,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF66189CD35BDFCF9FE48" blockId="75.[111,1310,417,547]" box="[211,860,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF66189CD35BDFCF9FE48" box="[211,860,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF66189CD35BDFCF9FE48" ID-CoL="6ZZL6" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[211,860,417,467]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wallacei">Wallace's Stripe-faced Fruit Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618ABF35BDFABBFE48" box="[929,1310,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618ABF35BDFABBFE48" blockId="75.[111,1310,417,547]" box="[929,1310,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF6618ABF35BDFABBFE48" box="[929,1310,417,467]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618ABF35BDFABBFE48" ID-CoL="6ZZL6" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[929,1310,417,467]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wallacei">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618ABF35BDFABBFE48" box="[929,1310,417,467]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Styloctenium wallacei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF661896F35F9FD06FDBB" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF661896F35F9FB65FE61" blockId="75.[111,1310,417,547]" box="[113,1216,485,506]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF661896F35F9FB65FE61" box="[113,1216,485,506]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF661896F35F9FF19FE61" bold="true" box="[113,188,485,506]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF66189D835F9FE39FE61" ID-CoL="6ZZL6" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[198,412,485,506]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wallacei">Roussette de Wallace</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF66188AC35F9FDA9FE61" bold="true" box="[434,524,485,506]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF6618B0835F9FCC1FE61" ID-CoL="6ZZL6" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[534,868,485,506]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wallacei">Sulawesi-Streifengesichtflughund</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618A6735F9FC71FE61" bold="true" box="[889,980,485,506]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF6618AC035F9FB65FE61" ID-CoL="6ZZL6" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[990,1216,485,506]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wallacei">Styloctenio de Wallace</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF661896E3617FD06FDBB" blockId="75.[111,1310,417,547]" box="[112,675,523,544]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF8FF661896E3617FD06FDBB" box="[112,675,523,544]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF661896E3617FEC2FDBB" bold="true" box="[112,359,523,544]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF8FF661886F3617FD06FDBB" ID-CoL="6ZZL6" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[369,675,523,544]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wallacei">
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF661886F3617FE6DFDBB" box="[369,456,523,544]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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Stripe-faced Fruit Bat
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618BCA3653FA86FDEB" box="[724,1315,591,624]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618BCA3653FA86FDEB" blockId="75.[721,1316,591,1019]" box="[724,1315,591,624]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618BCA3653FCCFFDEB" bold="true" box="[724,874,591,624]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618A683653FABBFDEB" ID-CoL="4Q34G" authority="J. E. Gray, 1866" authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1866" box="[886,1310,591,624]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wallacei">Pteropus wallacei J. E. Gray, 1866</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618BCB3660FA87FD02" box="[725,1314,636,665]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618BCB3660FA87FD02" blockId="75.[721,1316,591,1019]" box="[725,1314,636,665]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6C3CB1FF8FF6618BCB3660FA87FD02" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828391484" box="[725,1314,636,665]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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“
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF6618BC13660FCECFD02" box="[735,841,636,665]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Celebes</collectingRegion>
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[=
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF6618A693660FC4DFD02" box="[887,1000,636,665]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF8FF6618AE93660FB21FD02" box="[1015,1156,636,665]" name="Indonesia" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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], Macassar.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618BCB36B8FC49FC95" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618BCB36B8FC49FC95" blockId="75.[721,1316,591,1019]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618BCB36B8FCD1FD5A" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1899" box="[725,884,676,705]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Styloctenium</taxonomicName>
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is sister to other living flying foxes in genera
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618AD036DBFBE6FD73" box="[974,1091,711,744]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Acerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Acerodon</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618D4536DBFB73FD73" authorityName="Hayman" authorityYear="1946" box="[1115,1238,711,744]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Neopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Neopteryx</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF6618BCA36F1FCE4FC95" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[724,833,749,782]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pteropus</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618BCD3709FBD0FCC5" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
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<caption id="DF7B6664FF8FF6618BCD3709FBD0FCC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6803834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6803834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6803834/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" startId="75.[723,895,789,822]" targetBox="[108,699,598,1012]" targetPageId="75">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618BCD3709FBD0FCC5" blockId="75.[721,1316,591,1019]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618BCD3709FC26FCAD" bold="true" box="[723,899,789,822]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFF8FF6618A873709FBB5FCAD" box="[921,1040,789,822]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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, including nearby Togian, Buton, and Selayar Is.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618BCD377FFB81F9D1" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618BCD377FFB81F9D1" blockId="75.[721,1316,591,1019]" lastBlockId="75.[103,1316,1025,2202]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618BCD377FFC45FC1F" bold="true" box="[723,992,867,900]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 145-
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<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618DE6377FFCE2FC30" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.02" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="101.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="2.0">2— 200 mm</quantity>
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(umilless), ear 17-24-
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<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618D6C3796FB62FC30" box="[1138,1223,906,939]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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||
, hindfoot 27-
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||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618A5A37ABFC6CFC4F" box="[836,969,951,980]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="2.0">2-32 mm</quantity>
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||
, forearm 90-103-
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||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618DDA37ABFAB9FC4F" box="[1220,1308,951,980]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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||
; weight
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||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618A2937C6FC64FC60" box="[823,961,986,1019]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.96" metricValueMax="2.18" metricValueMin="1.7399999999999998" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="g" value="196.0" valueMax="218.0" valueMin="174.0">174-218 g</quantity>
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||
. Greatest lengths of skulls are 50-54-
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||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF66189E2301DFEE8FBB9" box="[252,333,1025,1058]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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. Hair of Wallace's Stripe-faced Fruit Bat is soft and silky. Face and crown are reddish brown to ocherous buff, with
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618BB33034FCE9FBD2" box="[685,844,1064,1097]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="58.0" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="11.0">11-105 mm</quantity>
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||
nasal white stripe, one spot above cach eye, and white mustache. Eyes are brown. Ears are light brown, naked except at bases, and attenuated at tips. Throat, chest, and belly have light reddish-brown fur. Occiput, nape, shoulders, and back are usually gray, often with hint of reddish brown. Dorsal forearm is grayish white, with white humeral spot. Wings have patterns of translucent bands and dots, with bands generally parallel to digits. Wing membranesattach to sides of back and insert on second toe. Index claw is present, and all claws are black. Rostrum is more gracile, and teeth are smaller than in the Mindoro Stripe-faced Fruit Bat (S.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF66189853178FE96FA1E" authorityName="Esselstyn" authorityYear="2007" box="[155,307,1380,1413]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindorensis">mindorensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Posterior edge of palate is more deeply cut, exposing much of sphenoid crest. Postorbital processes are strong and elongated. Dental formula for both species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF8FF661897331A4FE8CFA4E" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1899" box="[109,297,1464,1493]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Styloctenium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Styloctenium</taxonomicName>
|
||
1s12/1, C 1/1, P 3/3, M 2/2 (x2) = 30. Incisors are cylindrical, slender, and pointed at tops. Canines are short and thick. In contrast to the Mindoro Stripefaced Fruit Bat, canines of Wallace's Stripe-faced Fruit Bat are not that complex. Cheekteeth have rounded cusps, I, and M? are absent, and P,is only rudimentary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618974324DFBC7F902" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618974324DFBC7F902" blockId="75.[103,1316,1025,2202]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618974324DFF7CF9E9" bold="true" box="[106,217,1617,1650]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Primary forests and slightly disturbed forests with clearings in understories for coffee and cocoa plantations from sea level up to elevations of ¢.
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF8FF6618AEF3264FBFBF902" box="[1009,1118,1656,1689]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF661897732BCFF4EF97D" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF661897732BCFF4EF97D" blockId="75.[103,1316,1025,2202]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF661897732BCFEDFF95A" bold="true" box="[105,378,1696,1729]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Wallace’s Stripe-faced Fruit Bats probably eat fruits and flower products.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF661897732EEFE7AF894" box="[105,479,1778,1807]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF661897732EEFE7AF894" blockId="75.[103,1316,1025,2202]" box="[105,479,1778,1807]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF661897732EEFF4AF894" bold="true" box="[105,239,1778,1807]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF6618979330BFAB9F8A3" box="[103,1308,1815,1848]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF6618979330BFAB9F8A3" blockId="75.[103,1316,1025,2202]" box="[103,1308,1815,1848]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF6618979330BFEF7F8A3" bold="true" box="[103,338,1815,1848]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Wallace's Stripe-faced Fruit Bat is probably crepuscular or nocturnal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF66189773322FC72F81D" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF66189773322FC72F81D" blockId="75.[103,1316,1025,2202]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF66189773322FC9AF8C4" bold="true" box="[105,831,1854,1887]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Wallace's Stripe-faced Fruit Bats have been captured crossing gaps between fragmented forests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF66189773391FB4CF7BF" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF66189773391FB4CF7BF" blockId="75.[103,1316,1025,2202]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF66189773391FE6CF835" bold="true" box="[105,457,1933,1966]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. Populations of Wallace's Stripe-faced Fruit Bat are decreasing due to decline of primary forests, and it is hunted in some areas. It is generally rare, but there are recent records from Lore Lindu National Park and Lambusango Forest Reserve on Buton Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF8FF66189763C28FCB8F701" pageId="75" pageNumber="133" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF8FF66189763C28FCB8F701" blockId="75.[103,1316,1025,2202]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF8FF66189763C28FEA4F7D6" bold="true" box="[104,257,2100,2125]" pageId="75" pageNumber="133">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Almeida et al. (2014), Andersen (1912b), Bergmans (2001), Bergmans & Rozendaal (1988), Esselstyn (2007), Gray (1866a), Heinsohn (2002), Jentink (1883), Matschie (1899), Nowak (1999), Patterson etal. (2017), Ruedas et al. (2010), Simmons (2005), Yusti et al. (2015).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |