218 lines
15 KiB
XML
218 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609" ID-PMC="PMC4086209" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-38-37" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F" ID-PubMed="25009437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576221" ModsDocID="1314-2003-38-37" checkinTime="1451251736276" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wagner, Warren L., Clark, John R. & Lorence, David H." docDate="2014" docId="924C33BBEC045D68973D2138DE770539" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 38: 37-67" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 38" docPubDate="2014-06-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609" docTitle="Bidens wichmanii W. L. Wagner, J. R. Clark & Lorence 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F" masterDocTitle="Revision of endemic Marquesas Islands Bidens (Asteraceae, Coreopsideae)" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1668141127548" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of endemic Marquesas Islands Bidens (Asteraceae, Coreopsideae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wagnerw@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Clark, John R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741 - 9599, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, HI 96741 - 9599, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-06-04</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
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<mods:end>67</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7609</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-38-37</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFA5FFF84108660AFFB3FFE8DB0EEA0F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576221</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182256099" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:924C33BBEC045D68973D2138DE770539" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/924C33BBEC045D68973D2138DE770539" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="52">
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7.
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<taxonomicName LSID="924C33BB-EC04-5D68-973D-2138DE770539" authority="W. L. Wagner, J. R. Clark & Lorence" authorityName="W. L. Wagner, J. R. Clark & Lorence" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bidens wichmanii" order="Campanulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="wichmanii" status="sp. nov.">Bidens wichmanii W.L. Wagner, J.R. Clark & Lorence</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="15" pageNumber="52">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Bidens wichmanii W. L. Wagner, J. R. Clark & Lorence A Distal part of plant B Head showing rays and involucral bracts (outer series) C Head post-flowering showing involucral bract D Inner involucral bract E Ray corolla F-G Disk corolla H Disk corolla longitudinal section I Achene. Drawn from Wood 10140 (isotype, US) [A, C, I], and Perlman 10152 (US) [B, D-G, H]." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10681" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Figure 9</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="52" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Marquesas Islands. Fatu Hiva: Tevaiua, southern summit region, 870 m, 15 Feb 2003, K. R. Wood 10140 (holotype: PTBG-043994; isotypes: AD, BISH, K, MO, MPU, NY, P, PAP, US).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="15" pageNumber="52" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="52">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="15" pageNumber="52">
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Scandent to ascending suffrutescent perennial herbs 0.5-2 m tall. Leaves simple, 3.5-13.5 cm long including petiole, blades lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 2.3-9.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.2-4.5 cm, glabrous, margins serrate, apex acute. Heads 1-3, in diffuse
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="53" start="start">cymes</pageBreakToken>
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terminating main stem and lateral branches, 8-15 mm in diameter excluding rays, peduncles (2-)3.5-14 cm long, glabrous; outer involucral bracts 8-12 mm long, broad, well differentiated from inner bracts; ray florets 14-20+ per head, sterile, rays yellow, 10-18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-4 mm; disk florets ca. 50, perfect, corollas yellow. Achenes black, straight, 7-10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-2 mm, slightly keeled, glabrous; pappus of 2 irregular antrorse barbed awns.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10680" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner, J. R. Clark & Lorence" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="evapelliana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Bidens evapelliana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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W.L. Wagner, J.R. Clark & Lorence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
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Habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
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Head post-flowering showing involucral bracts and apex of achenes
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">C</emphasis>
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Young head showing immature rays and involucral bracts
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">D</emphasis>
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Disk corolla
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">E</emphasis>
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Disk corolla longitudinal section
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">F</emphasis>
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Achene
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
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Inset showing achene surface. Drawn from Perlman 10166 (PTBG) [
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
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], Perlman 19665 (isotype, US) [
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
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], and Florence & Perlman 9590 (US) [
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">C-G</emphasis>
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].
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10681" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Figure 9.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner, J. R. Clark & Lorence" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="wichmanii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Bidens wichmanii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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W.L. Wagner, J.R. Clark & Lorence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
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Distal part of plant
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">B</emphasis>
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Head showing rays and involucral bracts (outer series)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">C</emphasis>
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Head post-flowering showing involucral bract
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">D</emphasis>
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Inner involucral bract
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">E</emphasis>
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Ray corolla
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">F-G</emphasis>
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Disk corolla
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">H</emphasis>
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Disk corolla longitudinal section
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">I</emphasis>
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Achene. Drawn from Wood 10140 (isotype, US) [
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">A, C, I</emphasis>
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], and Perlman 10152 (US) [
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">B, D-G, H</emphasis>
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].
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Marquesas Islands, known only from the central summit region of Fatu Hiva (Tevaiua, Hanativa, and Tekau), 670-870 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="53" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
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Occurs in shrubland of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="collina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Metrosideros collina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Freycinetia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pandanales" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subSpecies" species="impavida" subSpecies="biflora">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Freycinetia impavida, Crossostylis biflora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Filicopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Dicranopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Pteridophyta" rank="species" species="linearis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Dicranopteris linearis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, on the windswept summit or near-summit areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
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This new species is named for Charles R.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Chipper”">"Chipper"</normalizedToken>
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Wichman, Jr., Chief Executive Officer and Director of the National Tropical Botanical Garden since 2005, and previously Director of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="NTBG’s">NTBG's</normalizedToken>
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Limahuli Garden on
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kaua`i">Kaua'i</normalizedToken>
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since 1994.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="53" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
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Proposed IUCN Red List Category
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Critically Endangered</emphasis>
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(CR), criteria B1ab, B2a,b (i-iii): B1, total extent of occurrence less than 100 km² (less than 10 km²); a,b, known from a single location; B2a, area of occupancy estimated to be less than 10 km²; B2b (i-iii), habitat continuing decline inferred. The estimated area of occupancy for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner, J. R. Clark & Lorence" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="wichmanii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Bidens wichmanii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on Fatu Hiva (ca. 85 km²) is indicated as an endangered environment, threatened by human activity (deforestation and fire), feral animals, and invasive plant species, thus reducing the extent of the suitable habitat.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">S</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="53" type="pecimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">pecimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Marquesas Islands. Fatu Hiva:</emphasis>
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Along trail between
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Omo’a">Omo'a</normalizedToken>
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and Uia within 1 km from pass over central ridge, 750 m, 12 Oct 1974, Decker 2397 (BISH, P, NSW, US); Sentier
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ouia">d'Ouia</normalizedToken>
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vers Omoa,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="crête">crete</normalizedToken>
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au-dessus de la
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<normalizedToken originalValue="vallée">vallee</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ouia">d'Ouia</normalizedToken>
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, S du col de Teava, 680 m, 23 Sep 1975,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Schäfer">Schaefer</normalizedToken>
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5843 (MPU[7], PTBG, US); Omoa Valley, past Hoopu to ridge near Tevaiua, top of ridge, 2200 ft [671 m], 22 Jul 1988, Perlman 10152 (BISH, PAP, US); north of Hanativa Valley along ridge crest approaching summit area, 800-900 m, 23 Oct 1974, Decker 2626 (BISH, MO, PTBG, US); along summit crest of ridge above Omoa valley, south of Tekau peak, north of Tevaiua, 760 m, 10°31"10.6'S/138°38"8'W, 15 Feb 2003, Perlman 18453 (PTBG, US); Tevaiua, southern summit region, 870 m, 15 Feb 2003, Wood 10138 (PTBG, US), Wood 10139 (PTBG) [used in molecular study, Funk et al.].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="W. L. Wagner, J. R. Clark & Lorence" authorityYear="2014" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="wichmanii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Bidens wichmanii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the largest heads among the Marquesan species. The glabrous achenes are also distinctive in being keeled along the long axis.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |