203 lines
29 KiB
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203 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.90.80150" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e637a41b-b775-4a5e-ab68-a0ff6c3111db" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-90-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CB21DA90B0FB5683B712B7717D201AD6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6508930" ID-ZooBank="13EC4891F1244E77BC22F6978445DAE7" ModsDocID="1314-2607-90-101" checkinTime="1651307098940" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Bing-Lan, Yan, Cheng-Jin, van Achterberg, Cornelis, Peng, Yan-Qiong & Chen, Hua-Yan" docDate="2022" docId="3D9400C4E2DE5CFD9BBC4C132A0D3453" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 90: 101-128" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 90" docPubDate="2022-04-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.90.80150" docTitle="Taeniogonalos Schulz 1906" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="CB21DA90B0FB5683B712B7717D201AD6" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="CB21DA90B0FB5683B712B7717D201AD6" masterDocTitle="Integrated taxonomy unveils new species of Trigonalyidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) from Yunnan, China" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="101" updateTime="1678757742368" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrated taxonomy unveils new species of Trigonalyidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) from Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Bing-Lan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Yan, Cheng-Jin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Wenzhou Vocational School of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325300, China & Wencheng Modern Agriculture and Health Industry Research Institute, Wenzhou 325300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ycj0685@163.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>van Achterberg, Cornelis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China & Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Peng, Yan-Qiong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Chen, Hua-Yan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0382-1635</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">huayanc@scbg.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-04-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number>90</mods:number>
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<mods:start>101</mods:start>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194907408" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D9400C4E2DE5CFD9BBC4C132A0D3453" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D9400C4E2DE5CFD9BBC4C132A0D3453" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName LSID="3D9400C4-E2DE-5CFD-9BBC-4C132A0D3453" authority="Schulz, 1906" authorityName="Schulz" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Taeniogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taeniogonalos" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Taeniogonalos albidorsalis Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, female (En- 419023) A habitus, lateral aspect B head, anterior aspect C head, dorsal aspect." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.90.80150.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/677744" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figs 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Taeniogonalos albidorsalis Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, female (En- 419023) A wings B head, lateral aspect C mesosoma, dorsal aspect D mesosoma, lateral aspect E metasoma, dorsal aspect F metasoma, ventral aspect." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.90.80150.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/677745" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 8</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Taeniogonalos paradoxica Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, male (En- 419024) A habitus, lateral aspect B head, anterior aspect C head, dorsal aspect." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.90.80150.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/677746" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Taeniogonalos paradoxica Zhang & Chen, sp. nov., holotype, male (En- 419024) A tyloids on 10 th- 16 th segments of antenna B wings C head, lateral aspect D mesosoma, dorsal aspect E mesosoma, lateral aspect F metasoma, dorsal aspect G metasoma, ventral aspect H legs, ventral aspect." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.90.80150.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/677747" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulz" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Taeniogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taeniogonalos" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Taeniogonalos</taxonomicName>
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Schulz, 1906: 212;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" author="Weinstein, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="399 - 433" refId="B29" refString="Weinstein, P, Austin, AD, 1991. The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species. Journal of Natural History 25 (2): 399 - 433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" title="The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" volume="25" year="1991">Weinstein and Austin 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 416; Tsuneki 1991: 59;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B2" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, L, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 65. Type species (by monotypy):
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys maculata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">Trigonalys maculata</taxonomicName>
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Smith, 1851.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulz" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Labidogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Labidogonalos" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Labidogonalos</taxonomicName>
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Schulz, 1906: 207;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" author="Weinstein, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="399 - 433" refId="B29" refString="Weinstein, P, Austin, AD, 1991. The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species. Journal of Natural History 25 (2): 399 - 433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" title="The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" volume="25" year="1991">Weinstein and Austin 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 414;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B2" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, L, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 65. Type species (by monotypy):
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys ornata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornata">Trigonalys ornata</taxonomicName>
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Smith, 1851.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Poecilogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poecilogonalos" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Poecilogonalos</taxonomicName>
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Schulz, 1906: 212; Marshakov 1981: 105; Tsuneki 1991: 46;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" author="Weinstein, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="399 - 433" refId="B29" refString="Weinstein, P, Austin, AD, 1991. The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species. Journal of Natural History 25 (2): 399 - 433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" title="The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" volume="25" year="1991">Weinstein and Austin 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 422; Tsuneki 1991: 46; Lelej 1995: 14. Type species (by monotypy):
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys thwaitesii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">Trigonalys thwaitesii</taxonomicName>
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Westwood, 1874. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B2" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, L, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulz" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Nanogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanogonalos" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nanogonalos</taxonomicName>
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Schulz, 1906: 211; Teranishi 1929: 150; Marshakov 1981: 107; Tsuneki 1991: 56;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" author="Weinstein, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="399 - 433" refId="B29" refString="Weinstein, P, Austin, AD, 1991. The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species. Journal of Natural History 25 (2): 399 - 433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" title="The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" volume="25" year="1991">Weinstein and Austin 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 421. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B2" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, L, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
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. Type species (by monotypy):
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Nanogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanogonalos enderleini" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enderleini">Nanogonalos enderleini</taxonomicName>
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De Santis, 1980.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulz" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Ischnogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnogonalos" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ischnogonalos</taxonomicName>
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Schulz, 1907: 11; 1908: 33; Bischoff 1933: 482, 1938: 11;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" author="Weinstein, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="399 - 433" refId="B29" refString="Weinstein, P, Austin, AD, 1991. The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species. Journal of Natural History 25 (2): 399 - 433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" title="The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" volume="25" year="1991">Weinstein and Austin 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 413;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B2" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, L, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 65. Type species (by monotypy):
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys dubia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubia">Trigonalys dubia</taxonomicName>
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Magretti, 1997.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Lycogastroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycogastroides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycogastroides</taxonomicName>
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Strand, 1912: 129;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" author="Weinstein, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="399 - 433" refId="B29" refString="Weinstein, P, Austin, AD, 1991. The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species. Journal of Natural History 25 (2): 399 - 433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" title="The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" volume="25" year="1991">Weinstein and Austin 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 413. Type species (by original designation):
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Lycogastroides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycogastroides gracilicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilicornis">Lycogastroides gracilicornis</taxonomicName>
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Strand, 1912. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B2" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, L, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bischoff" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Lycogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycogonalos" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycogonalos</taxonomicName>
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Bischoff, 1913: 155;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" author="Weinstein, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="399 - 433" refId="B29" refString="Weinstein, P, Austin, AD, 1991. The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species. Journal of Natural History 25 (2): 399 - 433, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" title="The host relationships of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae), with a review of their biology and catalogue to world species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939100770281" volume="25" year="1991">Weinstein and Austin 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 415. Type species (by original designation):
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Lycogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycogonalos flavicincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicincta">Lycogonalos flavicincta</taxonomicName>
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Bischoff, 1913. Synonymized by Car-mean and Kimsey 1998.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tsuneki" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalyidae" genus="Taiwanogonalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taiwanogonalos" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Taiwanogonalos</taxonomicName>
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Tsuneki, 1991: 35. Type species (by original designation):
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Taiwanog-onalos alishana</emphasis>
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Tsuneki, 1991. Synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B2" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, L, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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Body length 4.3-13.0 mm; antenna with 21-26 segments, without pale band and slender medially, of male with linear tyloids (= elevated elongate areas) on 10th-16th antennal segments; supra-antennal elevations smooth or punctate, without depression dorsally, remain far separated from each other medially and without horizontal
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“shelf”">"shelf"</normalizedToken>
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between antennal bases; temple usually punctate or reticulate-punctate and moderately shiny; occipital carina ending at hypostomal carina at level of mandibular base; vertex flattened, without median depression dorsally; apical segment of labial palp widened and obtuse, more or less triangular; mandibles wide in anterior view and sublaterally attached to head; mesoscutum and scutellum distinctly punctate or rugose; metanotum at least partly convex latero-dorsally and often sculptured; vein 1-SR of fore wing medium-sized to long; fore wing often with subapical dark patch or large part of fore wing dark brown; triangular dorso-apical part of hind trochanter separated by an oblique groove; fore trochanter subparallel-sided and distinctly longer than hind trochanter; hind tarsus slightly or not modified; propodeal foramen more or less arched dorsally and often with a lamelliform carina; second sternite convex in lateral view (but less so in males), strongly sclerotized and frequently densely punctate, sometimes with a medio-posterior elevation but without pair of small teeth; basal half of third sternite flat, without a distinct ledge anteriorly; hypopygium of female pointing anteriorly toward second sternite or straight down or pointing posteriad; body variable, often moderately robust.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
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Reared as hyperparasitoid of parasitoid wasps (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Braconidae</taxonomicName>
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) and parasitoid flies (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tachinidae</taxonomicName>
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) in lepidopteran or sawfly caterpillars, but some species are primary parasitoids of Pergid sawflies in Australia (
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<bibRefCitation author="Raff, JW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="54 - 77" refId="B21" refString="Raff, JW, 1934. Observations on sawflies of the genus Perga, with notes on some reared primary parasites of the families Trigonalidae, Ichneumonidae, and Tachinidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 47: 54 - 77" title="Observations on sawflies of the genus Perga, with notes on some reared primary parasites of the families Trigonalidae, Ichneumonidae, and Tachinidae." volume="47" year="1934">Raff 1934</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9690113" author="Carne, PB" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="113 - 141" refId="B3" refString="Carne, PB, 1969. On the population dynamics of the Eucalyptus -defoliating sawfly Perga affinis affinis Kirby (Hymenoptera). Australian Journal of Zoology 17: 113 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9690113" title="On the population dynamics of the Eucalyptus - defoliating sawfly Perga affinis affinis Kirby (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9690113" volume="17" year="1969">Carne 1969</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="He, J-H" journalOrPublisher="Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Zhejiangensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="231 - 232" refId="B10" refString="He, J-H, Chen, H-L, 1986. Poecilogonalos flavoscutellata Chen (Hymenoptera: Trigonalidae), an epiparasite of the Locastra muscosalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Zhejiangensis 12 (2): 231 - 232" title="Poecilogonalos flavoscutellata Chen (Hymenoptera: Trigonalidae), an epiparasite of the Locastra muscosalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)." volume="12" year="1986">He and Chen 1986</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9950541" author="Weinstein, P" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="541 - 555" refId="B30" refString="Weinstein, P, Austin, AD, 1995. Primary parasitism, development and adult biology in the wasp Taeniogonalos venatoria Riek (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 43: 541 - 555, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9950541" title="Primary parasitism, development and adult biology in the wasp Taeniogonalos venatoria Riek (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO9950541" volume="43" year="1995">Weinstein and Austin 1995</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B2" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, L, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="He, J-H" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B9" refString="He, J-H, 2004. Hymenopteran Insect Fauna of Zhejiang. Science Press, Beijing. [in Chinese]" title="Hymenopteran Insect Fauna of Zhejiang. Science Press, Beijing. [in Chinese]" year="2004">He 2004</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">China, Russia, Mongolia, India, SriLanka, Thailand, Laos, Papua New Guinea, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan. Before this study, 20 species of this genus have been described from China, with eight recorded from Yunnan. We describe here two species new to science from Yunnan. Until now, four species in this genus were only found in Yunnan.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |