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<document id="F07697F67E2BA17048FC9EFB1024DC11" ID-CLB-Dataset="26217" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4638.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb8c670e-e341-4236-9b05-402c7f92b8f1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3335260" ID-ZooBank="E5A26EB4-1F98-4310-A8D7-A0F933E75D95" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563173981185" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sim-Smith, Carina &amp; Kelly, Michelle" docDate="2019" docId="03CB87E6FF85F95CFF7BF8B8FCD8FBA1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4638.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4638 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Penares turmericolor Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFF2FF9EFF9CF941FFECFFD0FF94FFFA" masterDocTitle="Review of the sponge genus Penares (Demospongiae, Tetractinellida, Astrophorina) in the New Zealand EEZ, with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1698741243220" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="CD1331D96B67751C9E2094DAB7EB7A66" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8C26A45037A3B02F1987D11EDAC54859">
<mods:title id="942A9C03C4C166A8468668B87AB83449">Review of the sponge genus Penares (Demospongiae, Tetractinellida, Astrophorina) in the New Zealand EEZ, with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A606157248EE140DF5A808F009D6E970" type="personal">
<mods:role id="24673871725D88C3A4EA1CBBE2D564EA">
<mods:roleTerm id="8F99498035E9A181DF5BC1664E9A74CC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E5049AEE1E687E43DAE3C3B25CEA8AB4">Sim-Smith, Carina</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9A98D8303D8D784CF82412E695E239A2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DFD03DF95282A9318DB29382F0F12D12">
<mods:roleTerm id="A72051DF55A36EFE9518FF7B8D6065AA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BBE274A25C0EFBDB65708E445FC10DE5">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D22E3A72B0E3A9DDA476730B66B04791">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="0F1FCCAB156C7DD1FC5DDBDA00D4E91F" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="0173B8FC548CFE38F1DC0097AD103FFD">
<mods:title id="639979EAB92945C56B2FFD0DD5399387">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="497EB51D827003101604A57642D85249">
<mods:date id="8DC3A3F32428E94DDF8A412F84C3899A">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="6B2F5B36FC74F0361F231B99DB9985D2" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="306FAF072BB9A38AE97827403A633F93">2019-07-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E58D404E6682ACBC3ED083D687F488F7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8BACD940ECA5B3B56D08939A94BCC398">4638</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="58E79ECC4BF2ADD60A857131282C46B7" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F371C5093834B48A64F1031A1FEB830B">1</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="384864EA8D61871B1BB29E2BDA625FEF" unit="page">
<mods:start id="8B1EC9D5841DED9FE35424D50D7D43FB">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="06460DEE3C074D2A1C68D516B98AB942">56</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="22D1241D0271DF9BFD8A834F1FA3A3BF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9A1E7F2F27742BB28D90D47082148EA7" type="CLB-Dataset">26217</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="538E5D9EC67C8C4C900F262FFC90ABB2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4638.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2A2661CFA2CDCFE0D3C03838F147BD90" type="GBIF-Dataset">fb8c670e-e341-4236-9b05-402c7f92b8f1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="373E86DF1B913BAC077555835F114D10" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1899B2494671882E579AB153F45436C1" type="Zenodo-Dep">3335260</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="597D1AFC72D0BEC39B7AE77CD956D4FF" type="ZooBank">E5A26EB4-1F98-4310-A8D7-A0F933E75D95</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CB87E6FF85F95CFF7BF8B8FCD8FBA1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159398279" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87E6FF85F95CFF7BF8B8FCD8FBA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB87E6FF85F95CFF7BF8B8FCD8FBA1" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="C378657BFF85F958FF7BF8B8FE6AF878" box="[151,510,1895,1922]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF85F958FF7BF8B8FE6AF878" blockId="25.[151,510,1895,1958]" box="[151,510,1895,1922]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D095819CFF85F958FF7BF8B8FE6AF878" bold="true" box="[151,510,1895,1922]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF85F958FF7BF8B8FE6AF878" bold="true" box="[151,510,1895,1922]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF85F958FF7BF8B8FE0DF878" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,409,1895,1922]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF85F958FF7BF8B8FE0DF878" bold="true" box="[151,409,1895,1922]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Penares turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF85F958FE4DF8B8FE6AF878" box="[417,510,1896,1922]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378657BFF85F958FF7BF85CFE11F85C" box="[151,389,1932,1958]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF85F958FF7BF85CFE11F85C" blockId="25.[151,510,1895,1958]" box="[151,389,1932,1958]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
(
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF85F958FF4CF85CFE89F85C" box="[160,285,1932,1958]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 20" captionStart-1="FIGURE 21" captionStart-2="FIGURE 23" captionStartId-0="26.[151,250,1774,1799]" captionStartId-1="27.[151,250,1901,1926]" captionStartId-2="29.[151,250,1904,1929]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,913,1889]" captionTargetBox-2="[474,1110,1135,1883]" captionTargetId-1="figure@27.[151,1436,913,1889]" captionTargetId-2="figure@29.[469,1117,1129,1892]" captionTargetPageId-1="27" captionTargetPageId-2="29" captionText-0="FIGURE 20. Penares turmericolor sp. nov.: A. NIWA 126114, in life; B. NIWA126115, in life; C. Holotype NIWA 54239 preserved in ethanol; D. NIWA 53591 preserved in ethanol; E. Oscules (NIWA 53591); F. Pores (NIWA 53591)." captionText-1="FIGURE 21. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 54239: A. Section showing the position of the dichotriaenes below the cortex; B. Cortical section showing the layer of microxeas and microrhabds on the surface; B. Choanosomal section showing scattered microxeas and abundant oxyasters." captionText-2="FIGURE 23. Distribution of P. turmericolor sp. nov. around New Zealand. The white outline shows New Zealand’s Exclusive Economic Zone." httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3407699/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3335286/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 20–23</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6E0034BFF85F958FEC4F85CFEE8F85C" box="[296,380,1932,1958]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="30.[151,239,153,177]" captionTargetBox="[166,1293,297,858]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="TABLE 7. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Penares turmericolor sp. nov. Dimensions are given as the mean (minimummaximum) length × mean (minimum–maximum) width (number of spicules measured). OX = oxea; D = dichotriaene rhabdome, DP = dichotriaene protoclad; DD = dichotriaene deutroclad; DC = dichotriaene cladome; MOX = microxea; MR = microrhabd; O = oxyaster." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Table 7</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378657BFF85F95DFF7BF803FD22FF01" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF85F95AFF7BF803FD9FFE9D" blockId="25.[151,1436,2003,2030]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,152,899]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Material examined.
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF85F958FE66F804FA08F814" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946658" box="[394,1436,2003,2030]" collectionCode="NIWA" latitude="-44.158" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="-174.555" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="NIWA 54239" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF85F958FE66F804FE63F814" bold="true" box="[394,503,2004,2030]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<typeStatus id="54D98852FF85F958FE66F804FE63F814" box="[394,503,2004,2030]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF85F958FE1BF804FD84F817" box="[503,528,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">—</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF85F958FDFCF804FD3DF814" box="[528,681,2003,2030]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 54239</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF85F958FD59F804FD69F814" box="[693,765,2004,2030]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0905/119, Chatham Rise,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF85F958FB7CF803FA95F814" box="[1168,1281,2003,2030]" degrees="44.158" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="55" value="-44.158">44.158° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF85F958FAE3F803FA01F814" box="[1295,1429,2003,2030]" degrees="174.555" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="55" value="-174.555">174.555° W</geoCoordinate>
,
</materialsCitation>
487–616 m, 28 Jun 2009.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFE5DFF49FDBDFF49" bold="true" box="[433,553,153,179]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paratypes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFDC5FF4AFDD6FF49" box="[553,578,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">—</emphasis>
NIWA 76257, NIWA Stn TAN0413/92, Kermadec Ridge, 37.229° S, 177.248° E, 744–770 m, 11 Nov 2004; NIWA 65028, NIWA Stn TAN1007/123, Kermadec Trench, 35.284° S, 178.863° E, 1244–1276 m, 8 Jun 2010.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFE22FF30FD1EFF01" bold="true" box="[462,650,224,251]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Other material.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFD7DFF31FCADFF01" box="[657,825,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Norfolk Ridge:</emphasis>
NIWA 43893, NZOI Stn Z9025, 31.980° S, 174.265° E, 677–1680 m, date unknown
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF86F95BFF2BF889FE75F889" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946657" box="[199,481,1880,1908]" collectionCode="NIWA" location="Northland" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="NIWA 51796" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northland">
<collectingRegion id="49A6F812FF86F95BFF2BF889FEAEF889" box="[199,314,1881,1907]" country="New Zealand" name="Northland" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFF2BF889FEAEF889" box="[199,314,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Northland</emphasis>
</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF86F95BFEA5F889FE75F889" box="[329,481,1880,1907]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 51796</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF86F95BFE00F889FE1AF86D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946654" collectingDate="2002-04-14" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="625" latitude="-34.115" longLatPrecision="72" longitude="174.145" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northland">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF86F95BFE00F889FDA0F889" box="[492,564,1881,1907]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn KAH0204/8,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95BFD13F888FCFAF889" box="[767,878,1880,1907]" degrees="34.115" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="-34.115">34.115° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95BFC97F888FC6FF88E" box="[891,1019,1880,1908]" degrees="174.145" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="174.145">174.145° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF86F95BFBEBF889FB1CF88E" box="[1031,1160,1881,1908]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="625.0" valueMax="640.0" valueMin="610.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF86F95BFBEBF889FB1CF88E" box="[1031,1160,1881,1908]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="625.0" valueMax="640.0" valueMin="610.0">610–640 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF86F95BFB78F889FAB0F889" box="[1172,1316,1881,1907]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2002-04-14">
<date id="FFDC1030FF86F95BFB78F889FAB0F889" box="[1172,1316,1881,1907]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2002-04-14">14 Apr 2002</date>
</collectingDate>
.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFF2BF8ADFE1AF86D" box="[199,398,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Kermadec Trench</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF86F95BFE71F8ADFDA1F86D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946656" box="[413,565,1917,1943]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="NIWA 64903" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northland">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF86F95BFE71F8ADFDA1F86D" box="[413,565,1917,1943]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 64903</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF86F95BFDACF8ADFA0CF86D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946655" box="[576,1432,1916,1944]" collectingDate="2010-06-07" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="1305" latitude="-35.355" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="178.54" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northland">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF86F95BFDACF8ADFD1CF86D" box="[576,648,1917,1943]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN1007/111,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95BFC8BF8ACFC43F86D" box="[871,983,1916,1943]" degrees="35.355" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="-35.355">35.355° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95BFC08F8ACFBF0F862" box="[996,1124,1916,1944]" degrees="178.540" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="178.54">178.540° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF86F95BFB9CF8ADFA9AF862" box="[1136,1294,1917,1944]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.305" metricValueMax="1.38" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1305.0" valueMax="1380.0" valueMin="1230.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF86F95BFB9CF8ADFA9AF862" box="[1136,1294,1917,1944]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.305" metricValueMax="1.38" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1305.0" valueMax="1380.0" valueMin="1230.0">1230–1380 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF86F95BFAF5F8AEFA0CF86D" box="[1305,1432,1917,1944]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2010-06-07">
<date id="FFDC1030FF86F95BFAF5F8AEFA0CF86D" box="[1305,1432,1917,1944]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2010-06-07">7 Jun 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF86F95BFF7BF871FEBAF841" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946659" box="[151,302,1952,1979]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="NIWA 64513" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF86F95BFF7BF871FEBAF841" box="[151,302,1952,1979]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 64513</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF86F95BFED5F871FBE9F841" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946660" box="[313,1149,1952,1980]" collectingDate="2010-06-02" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="1188" latitude="-35.354" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="178.526" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF86F95BFED5F871FE15F841" box="[313,385,1953,1979]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN1007/54,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95BFDBEF870FD56F841" box="[594,706,1952,1979]" degrees="35.354" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="-35.354">35.354° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95BFD22F870FCD9F846" box="[718,845,1952,1980]" degrees="178.526" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="178.526">178.526° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF86F95BFCB5F871FC60F846" box="[857,1012,1953,1980]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1875" metricValueMax="1.209" metricValueMin="1.166" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1187.5" valueMax="1209.0" valueMin="1166.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF86F95BFCB5F871FC60F846" box="[857,1012,1953,1980]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1875" metricValueMax="1.209" metricValueMin="1.166" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1187.5" valueMax="1209.0" valueMin="1166.0">1166–1209 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF86F95BFBECF871FBE9F841" box="[1024,1149,1953,1980]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2010-06-02">
<date id="FFDC1030FF86F95BFBECF871FBE9F841" box="[1024,1149,1953,1980]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2010-06-02">2 Jun 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF86F95BFB6BF871FA8BF841" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946652" box="[1159,1311,1953,1979]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="NIWA 72902" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF86F95BFB6BF871FA8BF841" box="[1159,1311,1953,1979]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 72902</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
, NIWA Stn TAN1104/123,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95BFEA8F814FE20F825" box="[324,436,1988,2015]" degrees="35.861" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="-35.861">35.861° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95BFE53F815FDAAF81A" box="[447,574,1989,2016]" degrees="178.448" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="178.448">178.448° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF86F95BFDA6F814FD72F81A" box="[586,742,1988,2016]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3645" metricValueMax="1.478" metricValueMin="1.251" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1364.5" valueMax="1478.0" valueMin="1251.0">1251–1478 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDC1030FF86F95BFD1CF815FC15F825" box="[752,897,1989,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2011-03-19">19 Mar 2011</date>
; NIWA 72415, NIWA
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF86F95AFB96F815FCE6FF49" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946653" collectingDate="2011-03-08" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="1315" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" latitude="-35.352" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="178.531" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="NIWA 72476" specimenCount="1">
Stn TAN1104/38,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF86F95AFAA8F814FF3CFF49" degrees="35.352" direction="south" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="-35.352">35.352° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFF5AFF48FEACFF49" box="[182,312,152,179]" degrees="178.531" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="178.531">178.531° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFEA9FF49FE77FF49" box="[325,483,153,179]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3155" metricValueMax="1.439" metricValueMin="1.192" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1315.5" valueMax="1439.0" valueMin="1192.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFEA9FF49FE77FF49" box="[325,483,153,179]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3155" metricValueMax="1.439" metricValueMin="1.192" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1315.5" valueMax="1439.0" valueMin="1192.0">1192–1439 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFE1CFF49FDE3FF49" box="[496,631,153,179]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2011-03-08">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFE1CFF49FDE3FF49" box="[496,631,153,179]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2011-03-08">8 Mar 2011</date>
</collectingDate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFD68FF49FC89FF49" box="[644,797,153,179]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 72476</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFCC6FF49FCE6FF49" box="[810,882,153,179]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFC96FF49FD14FF2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946663" collectingDate="2011-03-09" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="1233" latitude="-35.349" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="178.542" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 92886" specimenCount="1">
Stn TAN1104/50,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFBA4FF48FB2EFF49" box="[1096,1210,152,179]" degrees="35.349" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-35.349">35.349° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFB24FF48FADEFF49" box="[1224,1354,152,179]" degrees="178.542" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="178.542">178.542° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFABBFF49FF64FF2D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2325" metricValueMax="1.295" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1232.5" valueMax="1295.0" valueMin="1170.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFABBFF49FF64FF2D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2325" metricValueMax="1.295" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1232.5" valueMax="1295.0" valueMin="1170.0">1170– 1295 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFF11FF6DFE11FF2D" box="[253,389,189,215]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2011-03-09">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFF11FF6DFE11FF2D" box="[253,389,189,215]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2011-03-09">9 Mar 2011</date>
</collectingDate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFE7EFF6DFDBFFF2D" box="[402,555,189,215]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 92886</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFDD4FF6DFD14FF2D" box="[568,640,189,215]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFD64FF6DFE16FF01" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946686" collectingDate="2012-04-29" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="709" latitude="-37.195" longLatPrecision="70" longitude="176.979" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 82883" specimenCount="1">
Stn TAN1206/161,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFC8AFF6CFC4CFF2D" box="[870,984,188,215]" degrees="37.195" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-37.195">37.195° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFC0AFF6DFBFCFF2D" box="[998,1128,189,215]" degrees="176.979" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="176.979">176.979° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFB99FF6DFB6CFF2D" box="[1141,1272,189,215]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.084999999999999" metricValueMax="7.209999999999999" metricValueMin="6.959999999999999" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="708.5" valueMax="721.0" valueMin="696.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFB99FF6DFB6CFF2D" box="[1141,1272,189,215]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.084999999999999" metricValueMax="7.209999999999999" metricValueMin="6.959999999999999" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="708.5" valueMax="721.0" valueMin="696.0">696–721 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFAE9FF6DFA0CFF2D" box="[1285,1432,189,215]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-04-29">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFAE9FF6DFA0CFF2D" box="[1285,1432,189,215]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-04-29">29 Apr 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFF7BFF31FEBBFF01" box="[151,303,225,251]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 82883</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFED6FF31FE16FF01" box="[314,386,225,251]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFE64FF31FAE4FF01" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946680" box="[392,1392,224,251]" collectingDate="2012-04-24" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="935" latitude="-36.455" longLatPrecision="70" longitude="177.838" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 82949" specimenCount="1">
Stn TAN1206/97,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFDB9FF30FD51FF01" box="[597,709,224,251]" degrees="36.455" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-36.455">36.455° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFD3EFF31FCC6FF01" box="[722,850,225,251]" degrees="177.838" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="177.838">177.838° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFCB2FF30FC4BFF01" box="[862,991,224,251]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.35" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="9.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="935.0" valueMax="950.0" valueMin="920.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFCB2FF30FC4BFF01" box="[862,991,224,251]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.35" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="9.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="935.0" valueMax="950.0" valueMin="920.0">920–950 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFC07FF31FBEFFF01" box="[1003,1147,225,251]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-04-24">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFC07FF31FBEFFF01" box="[1003,1147,225,251]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-04-24">24 Apr 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFB6AFF31FA89FF01" box="[1158,1309,225,251]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 82949</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFAC4FF31FAE4FF01" box="[1320,1392,225,251]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFA9BFF31FBFFFEE5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946661" collectingDate="2012-04-24" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="889" latitude="-36.445" longLatPrecision="70" longitude="177.839" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 86179" specimenCount="1">
Stn TAN1206/99,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFED6FED4FE38FEE5" box="[314,428,260,287]" degrees="36.445" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-36.445">36.445° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFE57FED5FDA9FEE5" box="[443,573,261,287]" degrees="177.839" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="177.839">177.839° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFDA7FED4FD5AFEE5" box="[587,718,260,287]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.885" metricValueMax="9.27" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="888.5" valueMax="927.0" valueMin="850.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFDA7FED4FD5AFEE5" box="[587,718,260,287]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.885" metricValueMax="9.27" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="888.5" valueMax="927.0" valueMin="850.0">850–927 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFD30FED5FCFBFEE5" box="[732,879,261,287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-04-24">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFD30FED5FCFBFEE5" box="[732,879,261,287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-04-24">24 Apr 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFC90FED5FB82FEE5" box="[892,1046,261,287]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 86179</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFBCFFED5FBFFFEE5" box="[1059,1131,261,287]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFB9FFED5FCE8FEB9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946665" collectingDate="2012-10-18" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="405" latitude="-30.177" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="179.737" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 126110" specimenCount="1">
Stn TAN1213/19,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFAA8FED5FF3CFEB9" degrees="30.177" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-30.177">30.177° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFF54FEF9FEAFFEB9" box="[184,315,297,323]" degrees="179.737" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="179.737">179.737° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFEA6FEF9FE5AFEB9" box="[330,462,297,323]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.045" metricValueMax="4.22" metricValueMin="3.87" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="404.5" valueMax="422.0" valueMin="387.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFEA6FEF9FE5AFEB9" box="[330,462,297,323]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.045" metricValueMax="4.22" metricValueMin="3.87" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="404.5" valueMax="422.0" valueMin="387.0">387–422 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFE30FEF9FDE5FEB9" box="[476,625,297,323]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-10-18">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFE30FEF9FDE5FEB9" box="[476,625,297,323]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-10-18">18 Oct 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFD92FEF9FCB2FEB9" box="[638,806,297,323]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 126110</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFCD8FEF9FCE8FEB9" box="[820,892,297,323]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
Stn SO254/33ROV08_BIOBOX26,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFACFFEF8FA03FEB9" box="[1315,1431,296,323]" degrees="35.381" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-35.381">35.381° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFF7BFE9DFE83FE9D" box="[151,279,333,359]" degrees="178.980" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="178.98">178.980° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFECFFE9DFEEDFE9D" box="[291,377,333,359]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.172" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1172.0">1172 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFE69FE9DFD93FE9D" box="[389,519,333,359]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2017-02-07">7 Feb 2017</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF86F95BFE1FFED5FE63FEE5" blockId="26.[151,1437,152,287]" box="[499,503,261,287]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF86F95BFF7BF93EFA93F8D0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFF7BF93EFEB6F8FD" bold="true" box="[151,290,1774,1799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFEC6F93FFD92F8FD" box="[298,518,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Penares turmericolor</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFDE3F93FFDF5F8FD" bold="true" box="[527,609,1775,1799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">sp. nov.</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFD9DF93EFD1EF8FD" bold="true" box="[625,650,1774,1799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A.</emphasis>
NIWA 126114, in life;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFC6FF93FFC0EF8FD" bold="true" box="[899,922,1775,1799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">B.</emphasis>
NIWA126115, in life;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFB60F93EFB30F8FD" bold="true" box="[1164,1188,1774,1799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C.</emphasis>
Holotype NIWA 54239 preserved in ethanol;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFE9EF8C3FE1FF8D1" bold="true" box="[370,395,1811,1835]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">D.</emphasis>
NIWA 53591 preserved in ethanol;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFD14F8C3FC84F8D1" bold="true" box="[760,784,1811,1835]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">E.</emphasis>
Oscules (NIWA 53591);
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF86F95BFBFDF8C3FBB0F8D1" bold="true" box="[1041,1060,1811,1835]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">F.</emphasis>
Pores (NIWA 53591).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF87F95AFF2BFEA1FD1CFE0D" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,899]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFF2BFEA1FE05FE71" box="[199,401,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Kermadec Trench</emphasis>
(collected by GEOMAR ROV
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFCEDFEA1FCE6FE71" box="[769,882,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Kiel 6000</emphasis>
, onboard RV
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFBFAFEA1FBCEFE71" box="[1046,1114,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sonne</emphasis>
, ICBM expedition SO254): NIWA 126111, NIWA 126112, NIWA 126113, NIWA 126115 &amp; NIWA 126116, NIWA Stn SO254/33ROV08_BI- OBOX19,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFEFDFE68FE15FE29" box="[273,385,440,467]" degrees="35.382" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-35.382">35.382° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFE62FE69FD9BFE29" box="[398,527,441,467]" degrees="178.980" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="178.98">178.980° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFDF7FE69FDE6FE29" box="[539,626,441,467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.191" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1191.0">1191 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFD92FE69FD6BFE29" box="[638,767,441,467]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2017-02-07">7 Feb 2017</date>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFCE7FE69FD10FE0D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946670" collectingDate="2017-02-07" collectionCode="NIWA" collectorName="Stn SO" elevation="1187" latitude="-35.382" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="178.98" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 126114" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFCE7FE69FC24FE29" box="[779,944,441,467]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 126114</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFC50FE69FB90FE29" box="[956,1028,441,467]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26975326FF87F95AFBE7FE69FBCEFE29" box="[1035,1114,440,467]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stn SO</collectorName>
254/33ROV08_BIOBOX21,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFF7BFE0CFE93FE0D" box="[151,263,476,503]" degrees="35.382" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-35.382">35.382° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFEF8FE0DFE00FE0D" box="[276,404,477,503]" degrees="178.980" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="178.98">178.980° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFE4CFE0DFE62FE0D" box="[416,502,477,503]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.187" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1187.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFE4CFE0DFE62FE0D" box="[416,502,477,503]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.187" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="1187.0">1187 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFDEEFE0DFD10FE0D" box="[514,644,477,503]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2017-02-07">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFDEEFE0DFD10FE0D" box="[514,644,477,503]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2017-02-07">7 Feb 2017</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF87F95AFF2BFDD1FA90FDE1" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,899]" box="[199,1284,512,539]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFF2BFDD1FB6BFDE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946685" box="[199,1279,512,539]" collectingDate="1985-07-12" collectingDateMax="1987-07-08" collectingDateMin="1985-07-12" collectionCode="NMNZ, PO" collectorName="Stn J" elevation="499" latitude="-39.978" location="Hawkes Bay" longLatPrecision="69" longitude="178.137" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawke's Bay">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFF2BFDD1FECFFDE1" box="[199,347,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<collectingRegion id="49A6F812FF87F95AFF2BFDD1FEC2FDE1" box="[199,342,513,539]" country="New Zealand" name="Hawke's Bay" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Hawkes Bay</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFE8FFDD1FE21FDE1" box="[355,437,513,539]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg7h-t7tk" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">NMNZ</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFE50FDD0FE76FDE1" box="[444,482,512,539]" country="Russia" name="Collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">PO</collectionCode>
.002258,
<collectorName id="26975326FF87F95AFDA5FDD1FD14FDE1" box="[585,640,512,539]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stn J</collectorName>
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFD6CFDD0FD73FDE1" box="[640,743,512,539]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1985-07-12">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFD6CFDD0FD73FDE1" box="[640,743,512,539]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1985-07-12">12/07/85</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFD1EFDD1FCF6FDE1" box="[754,866,513,539]" degrees="39.978" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-39.978">39.978° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFC82FDD1FC7BFDE1" box="[878,1007,513,539]" degrees="178.137" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="178.137">178.137° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFC17FDD0FBE8FDE1" box="[1019,1148,512,539]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.99" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="499.0" valueMax="508.0" valueMin="490.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFC17FDD0FBE8FDE1" box="[1019,1148,512,539]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.99" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="499.0" valueMax="508.0" valueMin="490.0">490–508 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFB64FDD1FB6BFDE1" box="[1160,1279,513,539]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1987-07-08">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFB64FDD1FB6BFDE1" box="[1160,1279,513,539]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1987-07-08">8 Jul 1987</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF87F95AFF2BFDF5FAF8FDC5" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,899]" box="[199,1388,548,575]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFF2BFDF5FE03FDC5" box="[199,407,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Hikurangi Trench:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFE72FDF5FAFCFDC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946681" box="[414,1384,548,575]" collectingDate="2007-03-06" collectionCode="NIWA" collectorName="Stn SO" elevation="659" latitude="-40.03" longLatPrecision="69" longitude="178.191" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 32057" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFE72FDF5FDA2FDC5" box="[414,566,548,575]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 32057</specimenCode>
, SOP
<collectorName id="26975326FF87F95AFD96FDF5FD59FDC5" box="[634,717,549,575]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stn SO</collectorName>
191-3/229,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFCA7FDF5FC28FDC5" box="[843,956,549,575]" degrees="40.030" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-40.03">40.030° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFC24FDF5FBDCFDC5" box="[968,1096,549,575]" degrees="178.191" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="178.191">178.191° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFBB9FDF4FB42FDC5" box="[1109,1238,548,575]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.59" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="6.58" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="659.0" valueMax="660.0" valueMin="658.0">
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFBB9FDF4FB42FDC5" box="[1109,1238,548,575]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.59" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="6.58" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="659.0" valueMax="660.0" valueMin="658.0">658–660 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFB0DFDF5FAFCFDC5" box="[1249,1384,549,575]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-03-06">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFB0DFDF5FAFCFDC5" box="[1249,1384,549,575]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-03-06">6 Mar 2007</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF87F95AFF2BFD99FB1EFCED" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,899]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFF2BFD99FEF0FD99" box="[199,356,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chatham Rise</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFE9EFD99FD9CFD99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946682" box="[370,520,584,611]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 53591" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFE9EFD99FD9CFD99" box="[370,520,584,611]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 53591</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFDFEFD99FADEFD99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946675" box="[530,1354,584,611]" collectingDate="2009-06-26" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="520" latitude="-44.147" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="-174.69" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFDFEFD99FDCEFD99" box="[530,602,585,611]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0905/97,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFCC6FD99FC0EFD99" box="[810,922,585,611]" degrees="44.147" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-44.147">44.147° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFC49FD99FBBDFD99" box="[933,1065,585,611]" degrees="174.690" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-174.69">174.690° W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFBDAFD99FB21FD99" box="[1078,1205,585,611]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="520.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="440.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFBDAFD99FB21FD99" box="[1078,1205,585,611]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="520.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="440.0">440–600 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFB2CFD99FADEFD99" box="[1216,1354,585,611]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-26">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFB2CFD99FADEFD99" box="[1216,1354,585,611]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-26">26 Jun 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFAB9FD99FF74FD7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946662" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 53776" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFAB9FD99FF74FD7D" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 53776</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFF03FDBDFBF8FD7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946673" box="[239,1132,620,647]" collectingDate="2009-06-26" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="585" latitude="-44.158" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="174.555" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFF03FDBDFEA3FD7D" box="[239,311,621,647]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0905/103,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFDCEFDBCFD02FD7D" box="[546,662,620,647]" degrees="44.158" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-44.158">44.158° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFD4AFDBCFCBEFD7D" box="[678,810,620,647]" degrees="174.555" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="174.555">174.555° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFCD5FDBCFC2AFD7D" box="[825,958,620,647]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="585.0" valueMax="650.0" valueMin="520.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFCD5FDBCFC2AFD7D" box="[825,958,620,647]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="585.0" valueMax="650.0" valueMin="520.0">520–650 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFC21FDBDFBF8FD7D" box="[973,1132,621,647]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-26">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFC21FDBDFBF8FD7D" box="[973,1132,621,647]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-26">26 June 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFB97FDBDFA82FD7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946664" box="[1147,1302,620,647]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 54032" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFB97FDBDFA82FD7D" box="[1147,1302,620,647]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 54032</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFAC9FDBDFCFFFD51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946672" collectingDate="2009-06-27" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="791" latitude="-44.143" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="174.725" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFAC9FDBDFAF9FD7D" box="[1317,1389,621,647]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0905/112,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFEAAFD41FE22FD51" box="[326,438,657,683]" degrees="44.143" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-44.143">44.143° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFE2FFD40FDD0FD51" box="[451,580,656,683]" degrees="174.725" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="174.725">174.725° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFDBCFD41FD46FD51" box="[592,722,657,683]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.904999999999999" metricValueMax="8.209999999999999" metricValueMin="7.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="790.5" valueMax="821.0" valueMin="760.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFDBCFD41FD46FD51" box="[592,722,657,683]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.904999999999999" metricValueMax="8.209999999999999" metricValueMin="7.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="790.5" valueMax="821.0" valueMin="760.0">760–821 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFD32FD41FCFFFD51" box="[734,875,657,683]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-27">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFD32FD41FCFFFD51" box="[734,875,657,683]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-27">27 Jun 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFC9BFD41FB9BFD51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946668" box="[887,1039,656,683]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 54053" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFC9BFD41FB9BFD51" box="[887,1039,656,683]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 54053</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFBF6FD41FDFCFD35" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946666" collectingDate="2009-06-27" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="564" latitude="-44.15" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="174.757" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFBF6FD41FBF6FD51" box="[1050,1122,657,683]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0905/113,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFAA8FD40FF3CFD35" degrees="44.150" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-44.15">44.150° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFF5BFD64FEADFD35" box="[183,313,692,719]" degrees="174.757" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="174.757">174.757° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFEABFD64FE5EFD35" box="[327,458,692,719]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.64" metricValueMax="6.09" metricValueMin="5.1899999999999995" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="564.0" valueMax="609.0" valueMin="519.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFEABFD64FE5EFD35" box="[327,458,692,719]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.64" metricValueMax="6.09" metricValueMin="5.1899999999999995" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="564.0" valueMax="609.0" valueMin="519.0">519–609 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFE34FD65FDFCFD35" box="[472,616,693,719]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-27">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFE34FD65FDFCFD35" box="[472,616,693,719]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-27">27 Jun 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFD99FD65FC8EFD35" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946678" box="[629,794,693,719]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 106733" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFD99FD65FC8EFD35" box="[629,794,693,719]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 106733</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
&amp;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFCAEFD65FC7DFD35" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946677" box="[834,1001,693,719]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 106732" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFCAEFD65FC7DFD35" box="[834,1001,693,719]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 106732</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFC1AFD65FDD4FD09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946667" collectingDate="2009-06-28" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="552" latitude="-44.158" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="-174.555" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFC1AFD65FBAAFD35" box="[1014,1086,693,719]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0905/119,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFAC8FD64FA03FD35" box="[1316,1431,692,719]" degrees="44.158" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-44.158">44.158° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFF7BFD08FE88FD09" box="[151,284,728,755]" degrees="174.555" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-174.555">174.555° W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFEC5FD09FE3EFD09" box="[297,426,729,755]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.515" metricValueMax="6.16" metricValueMin="4.87" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="551.5" valueMax="616.0" valueMin="487.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFEC5FD09FE3EFD09" box="[297,426,729,755]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.515" metricValueMax="6.16" metricValueMin="4.87" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="551.5" valueMax="616.0" valueMin="487.0">487–616 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFE59FD09FDD4FD09" box="[437,576,729,755]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-28">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFE59FD09FDD4FD09" box="[437,576,729,755]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-06-28">28 Jun 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFDA0FD09FCD8FD09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946683" box="[588,844,728,755]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 50584" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFDA0FD09FD77FD09" box="[588,739,728,755]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 50584</specimenCode>
, SOP Stn
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFCBEFD08FF46FCED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946669" collectingDate="2007-12-09" collectionCode="TRIP" elevation="802" latitude="-43.85" longLatPrecision="68" longitude="-174.357" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="TRIP2551" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFCBEFD08FC5CFD09" box="[850,968,728,755]" collectionCode="TRIP" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">TRIP2551</specimenCode>
/94,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFC14FD08FBFCFD09" box="[1016,1128,728,755]" degrees="43.850" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-43.85">43.850° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFB98FD08FB6DFD09" box="[1140,1273,728,755]" degrees="174.357" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-174.357">174.357° W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFAEAFD09FADBFD09" box="[1286,1359,729,755]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.02" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="802.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFAEAFD09FADBFD09" box="[1286,1359,729,755]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.02" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="802.0">802 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFAB6FD09FF46FCED" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-12-09">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFAB6FD09FF46FCED" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-12-09">9 Dec 2007</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFF32FD2DFE4BFCED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946676" box="[222,479,764,791]" collectionCode="NIWA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 66051" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFF32FD2DFEE1FCED" box="[222,373,764,791]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 66051</specimenCode>
, SOP Stn
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFE0AFD2DFB12FCED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946684" box="[486,1158,764,791]" collectingDate="2009-11-24" collectionCode="TRIP" elevation="710" latitude="-44.463" longLatPrecision="67" longitude="-178.585" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="TRIP3004" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFE0AFD2DFDCAFCED" box="[486,606,765,791]" collectionCode="TRIP" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">TRIP3004</specimenCode>
/33,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFD60FD2DFD68FCED" box="[652,764,765,791]" degrees="44.463" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-44.463">44.463° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFCE5FD2CFC1AFCED" box="[777,910,764,791]" degrees="178.585" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-178.585">178.585° W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFC77FD2DFC70FCED" box="[923,996,765,791]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="710.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFC77FD2DFC70FCED" box="[923,996,765,791]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="710.0">710 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFC1CFD2DFB12FCED" box="[1008,1158,765,791]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-11-24">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFC1CFD2DFB12FCED" box="[1008,1158,765,791]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-11-24">24 Nov 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF87F95AFF2BFCF2FF43FC79" blockId="27.[151,1437,152,899]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFF2BFCF2FDF4FCC1" box="[199,608,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Macquarie Ridge (Australian EEZ):</emphasis>
NIWA 52637,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFCE1FCF1FEAAFCA5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946674" collectingDate="2008-04-05" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="443" latitude="-51.047" longLatPrecision="65" longitude="162.019" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFCE1FCF1FCC1FCC1" box="[781,853,801,827]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0803/53,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFBC0FCF0FB0AFCC1" box="[1068,1182,800,827]" degrees="51.047" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-51.047">51.047° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFB47FCF1FAB9FCC1" box="[1195,1325,801,827]" degrees="162.019" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="162.019">162.019° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFAD6FCF1FF3BFCA5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.435" metricValueMax="4.89" metricValueMin="3.9799999999999995" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="443.5" valueMax="489.0" valueMin="398.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFAD6FCF1FF3BFCA5" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.435" metricValueMax="4.89" metricValueMin="3.9799999999999995" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="443.5" valueMax="489.0" valueMin="398.0">398–489 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFF50FC94FEAAFCA5" box="[188,318,836,863]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2008-04-05">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFF50FC94FEAAFCA5" box="[188,318,836,863]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2008-04-05">5 Apr 2008</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFEA6FC95FD0EFCA5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946679" box="[330,666,836,863]" collectionCode="QM" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="NIWA 40143, G335863" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFEA6FC95FE74FCA5" box="[330,480,837,863]" collectionCode="NIWA" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA 40143</specimenCode>
(
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFE03FC95FD8AFCA5" box="[495,542,837,863]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBC49E8BFF87F95AFDC9FC94FD06FCA5" box="[549,658,836,863]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">G335863</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CADFF87F95AFD49FC95FF47FC79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2417946671" collectingDate="2008-04-09" collectionCode="NIWA" elevation="455" latitude="-52.487" longLatPrecision="64" longitude="160.415" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED73AE35FF87F95AFD49FC95FD79FCA5" box="[677,749,837,863]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0803/63,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFC2FFC94FBA0FCA5" box="[963,1076,836,863]" degrees="52.487" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="-52.487">52.487° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE565037FF87F95AFBADFC94FB56FCA5" box="[1089,1218,836,863]" degrees="160.415" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="160.415">160.415° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="004FD1C3FF87F95AFB23FC94FAC4FCA5" box="[1231,1360,836,863]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="455.0" valueMax="560.0" valueMin="350.0">
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF87F95AFB23FC94FAC4FCA5" box="[1231,1360,836,863]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="455.0" valueMax="560.0" valueMin="350.0">350–560 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EF98E9D8FF87F95AFAB1FC95FF47FC79" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2008-04-09">
<date id="FFDC1030FF87F95AFAB1FC95FF47FC79" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2008-04-09">9 Apr 2008</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1D6678FF87F95AFF7BF8BDFDCFF834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407699/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[151,1436,913,1889]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF87F95AFF7BF8BDFDCFF834" blockId="27.[151,1436,1901,1998]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFF7BF8BDFEB7F87C" bold="true" box="[151,291,1901,1926]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF87F95AFEC0F8BEFD9CF87C" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[300,520,1902,1926]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFEC0F8BEFD9CF87C" box="[300,520,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Penares turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF87F95AFDFDF8BEFDF1F87C" box="[529,613,1902,1926]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFDFDF8BEFDF1F87C" bold="true" box="[529,613,1902,1926]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
NIWA 54239:
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFCEBF8BDFCB4F87C" bold="true" box="[775,800,1901,1926]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A.</emphasis>
Section showing the position of the dichotriaenes below the cortex;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFF09F842FF68F850" bold="true" box="[229,252,1938,1962]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">B.</emphasis>
Cortical section showing the layer of microxeas and microrhabds on the surface;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF87F95AFBAAF842FBC9F850" bold="true" box="[1094,1117,1938,1962]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">B.</emphasis>
Choanosomal section showing scattered microxeas and abundant oxyasters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF80F95DFF2BFF4AFEB5FF2D" blockId="28.[151,1437,153,719]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFF2BFF4AFDDAFF49" box="[199,590,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Tasman Sea (International Waters)</emphasis>
: NIWA 66087, SOP Stn TRIP2894/98, 37.333° S, 168.000° E, 894–977 m, 16 Jul 2009.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF80F95DFF2BFF31FD22FF01" blockId="28.[151,1437,153,719]" box="[199,694,224,251]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFF2BFF31FEF2FF01" bold="true" box="[199,358,224,251]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type locality.</emphasis>
Chatham Rise, New Zealand.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378657BFF80F95DFF2BFED4FDD6FEB9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF80F95DFF2BFED4FDD6FEB9" blockId="28.[151,1437,153,719]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFF2BFED4FEF5FEE5" bold="true" box="[199,353,260,287]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</emphasis>
Found throughout New Zealand, from the Kermadec Ridge in the northeast to the Macquarie Rise in the south; 350–1680 m (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF80F95DFE28FEF9FDA2FEB9" box="[452,566,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1904,1929]" captionTargetBox="[474,1110,1135,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[469,1117,1129,1892]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 23. Distribution of P. turmericolor sp. nov. around New Zealand. The white outline shows New Zealand’s Exclusive Economic Zone." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3335286/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378657BFF80F95CFF2BFE9CFAE0FE29" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF80F95DFF2BFE9CFEF9FDE1" blockId="28.[151,1437,153,719]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFF2BFE9CFECDFE9D" bold="true" box="[199,345,332,359]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description.</emphasis>
Morphology is massive, often growing around dead coral branches (Figure 20A &amp; B). The holo- type is 120 mm long × 90 mm wide × 70 mm high (Figure 20A). Surface is pock-marked and irregular, granular, like sandpaper. Singular or small clusters of uniporal oscules, 1–2 mm in diameter, are sparsely scattered over the upper surface of the sponge (Figure 20C). Dense clusters of uniporal pores, 0.2–0.6 mm in diameter, are present on the lower sides of the sponge (Figure 20D). Texture is firm, compressible. Colour in ethanol is bright turmeric yellow throughout.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF80F95DFF2BFDF4FDFAFD35" blockId="28.[151,1437,153,719]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFF2BFDF4FEA1FDC5" bold="true" box="[199,309,548,575]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Cortical skeleton is 250–500 µm thick and consists of an interwoven mesh of tangential microxeas and microrhabds (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF80F95DFE8CFD99FE76FD99" box="[352,482,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1901,1926]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,913,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,913,1889]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 21. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 54239: A. Section showing the position of the dichotriaenes below the cortex; B. Cortical section showing the layer of microxeas and microrhabds on the surface; B. Choanosomal section showing scattered microxeas and abundant oxyasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407699/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 21B</figureCitation>
), which form a regular pattern around circular pores that are 100–200 µm in diameter. Choanosomal skeleton has a single layer of dichotriaenes just below the cortex, cladomes uppermost (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF80F95DFAE6FDBDFA04FD7D" box="[1290,1424,621,647]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1901,1926]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,913,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,913,1889]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 21. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 54239: A. Section showing the position of the dichotriaenes below the cortex; B. Cortical section showing the layer of microxeas and microrhabds on the surface; B. Choanosomal section showing scattered microxeas and abundant oxyasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407699/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 21A</figureCitation>
). Oxeas are relatively sparse and more-or-less radially arranged. Microxeas and oxyasters are abundant and scattered throughout the choanosome (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF80F95DFE31FD65FDF5FD35" box="[477,609,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1901,1926]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,913,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,913,1889]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 21. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 54239: A. Section showing the position of the dichotriaenes below the cortex; B. Cortical section showing the layer of microxeas and microrhabds on the surface; B. Choanosomal section showing scattered microxeas and abundant oxyasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407699/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 21C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1D6678FF80F95DFF7BF898FF71F87F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407701/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[151,250,1864,1889]" targetBox="[151,1431,733,1852]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF80F95DFF7BF898FF71F87F" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFF7BF898FEB5F89B" bold="true" box="[151,289,1864,1889]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 22.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFEC4F899FD97F89A" box="[296,515,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Penares turmericolor</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFDE6F899FDC8F89B" bold="true" box="[522,604,1865,1889]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</emphasis>
NIWA 76257:
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFD15F898FC9FF89B" bold="true" box="[761,779,1864,1889]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
. Oxea;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFCB1F899FCE0F89B" bold="true" box="[861,884,1865,1889]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B.</emphasis>
Dichotriaenes;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFBFBF898FBBBF89B" bold="true" box="[1047,1071,1864,1889]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C.</emphasis>
Microxea;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFB4AF899FB2BF89B" bold="true" box="[1190,1215,1865,1889]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D.</emphasis>
Microrhabds;
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFABAF899FAFAF89B" bold="true" box="[1366,1390,1865,1889]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E.</emphasis>
Ox- yasters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF80F95CFF2BF862FEDCFEB9" blockId="28.[151,1436,1970,2034]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1437,152,1115]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFF2BF862FEBDF837" bold="true" box="[199,297,1970,1997]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Spicules</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF80F95DFED5F863FE3FF837" box="[313,427,1971,1997]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1864,1889]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 22. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 76257: A. Oxea; B. Dichotriaenes; C. Microxea; D. Microrhabds; E. Ox- yasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407701/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 22</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6E0034BFF80F95DFE5BF863FD99F837" box="[439,525,1971,1997]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="30.[151,239,153,177]" captionTargetBox="[166,1293,297,858]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="TABLE 7. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Penares turmericolor sp. nov. Dimensions are given as the mean (minimummaximum) length × mean (minimum–maximum) width (number of spicules measured). OX = oxea; D = dichotriaene rhabdome, DP = dichotriaene protoclad; DD = dichotriaene deutroclad; DC = dichotriaene cladome; MOX = microxea; MR = microrhabd; O = oxyaster." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Table 7</tableCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF80F95DFDCFF863FD3BF837" box="[547,687,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Megascleres</emphasis>
—oxeas (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF80F95DFCF7F863FC34F837" box="[795,928,1971,1997]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1864,1889]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 22. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 76257: A. Oxea; B. Dichotriaenes; C. Microxea; D. Microrhabds; E. Ox- yasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407701/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 22A</figureCitation>
) vary in size from short and slender to moderately long and stout. Most oxeas are relatively straight; 1426 (647–2373) × 38 (11–130) µm (n = 94). Dichotri- aenes (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF81F95CFF08FF49FEF3FF49" box="[228,359,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1864,1889]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 22. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 76257: A. Oxea; B. Dichotriaenes; C. Microxea; D. Microrhabds; E. Ox- yasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407701/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figure 22B</figureCitation>
) have a short rhabdome that is less than half the cladome width; 463 (219–807) µm long × 895 (551–1313) µm wide (n = 62). The tip of the rhabdome is often bluntly rounded. Clads are stout, flattened and leaf-like with very short protoclads and long deutroclads. The tips of the clads are often sharply curved towards the centre of each pair of deutroclads. Protriaenes or triaenes with a mixture of non-birfurcated and birfurcated clads may be present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF81F95CFF2BFE9DFAE0FE29" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1115]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF2BFE9DFEC3FE9D" box="[199,343,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Microscleres</emphasis>
—microxeas (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF81F95CFE19FE9DFDEEFE9D" box="[501,634,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1864,1889]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 22. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 76257: A. Oxea; B. Dichotriaenes; C. Microxea; D. Microrhabds; E. Ox- yasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407701/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figure 22C</figureCitation>
), short, straight and stout with strongly tapered tips; 129 (52–250) × 10 (6–16) µm (n = 80). Microrhabds (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF81F95CFDFBFEA1FD08FE71" box="[535,668,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1864,1889]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 22. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 76257: A. Oxea; B. Dichotriaenes; C. Microxea; D. Microrhabds; E. Ox- yasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407701/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figure 22D</figureCitation>
), small, smooth and faintly centrotylote with bluntly rounded tips; 31 (12–78) × 5 (3–8) µm (n = 83). Oxyasters (
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF81F95CFD9FFE45FD61FE55" box="[627,757,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1864,1889]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1431,733,1852]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 22. Penares turmericolor sp. nov. NIWA 76257: A. Oxea; B. Dichotriaenes; C. Microxea; D. Microrhabds; E. Ox- yasters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407701/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figure 22E</figureCitation>
), moderately sized with numerous, long, conical rays that are sparsely spined. Oxyaster rays look smooth under light microscopy (400×); 19 (6–31) µm in diameter (n = 82).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378657BFF81F95CFF2BFE0DFBD1FE0D" box="[199,1093,477,503]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF81F95CFF2BFE0DFBD1FE0D" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1115]" box="[199,1093,477,503]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF2BFE0DFEDAFE0D" bold="true" box="[199,334,477,503]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after the distinctive, brilliant turmeric colour of the sponge.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C378657BFF81F95CFF2BFDD1FCD8FBA1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF81F95CFF2BFDD1FD3FFD99" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1115]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF2BFDD1FEAFFDE1" bold="true" box="[199,315,513,539]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</emphasis>
The distinctive colour of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFDB0FDD2FCD9FDE1" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[604,845,513,539]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFDB0FDD2FCD9FDE1" box="[604,845,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Penares turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFCB8FDD1FC3AFDE1" box="[852,942,513,539]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFCB8FDD1FC3AFDE1" bold="true" box="[852,942,513,539]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
differentiates it from all other
<collectingCountry id="F3757660FF81F95CFAEAFDD1FA08FDE1" box="[1286,1436,513,539]" name="New Zealand" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
species of
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFEE0FDF6FEFAFDC5" box="[268,366,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFEE0FDF6FEFEFDC5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[268,362,550,575]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">Penares</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
This species also has very wide dichotriaene cladomes (882 (67–1313) µm), comparable only to
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFF7BFD9AFECFFD99" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,347,585,611]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kermadecensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF7BFD9AFF3CFD99" box="[151,168,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF5AFD99FECFFD99" box="[182,347,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">kermadecensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFE8EFD99FE28FD99" box="[354,444,585,611]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFE8EFD99FE28FD99" bold="true" box="[354,444,585,611]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFE1EFD9AFDDFFD99" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[498,587,585,611]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="orbis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFE1EFD9AFD97FD99" box="[498,515,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFDFDFD99FDDFFD99" box="[529,587,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">orbis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFDBEFD99FD3FFD99" box="[594,683,585,611]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFDBEFD99FD3FFD99" bold="true" box="[594,683,585,611]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF81F95CFF2BFDBEFB9AFCA5" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1115]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFF2BFDBEFE2EFD7D" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,442,621,647]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF2BFDBEFE2EFD7D" box="[199,442,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Penares turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFE28FDBDFD8BFD7D" box="[452,543,621,647]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFE28FDBDFD8BFD7D" bold="true" box="[452,543,621,647]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
shares a common spicule complement of oxeas, dichotriaenes, oxyasters, microxeas and microrhabds with
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFE1DFD42FDCCFD51" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[497,600,658,683]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aureus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFE1DFD42FDCCFD51" box="[497,600,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. aureus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFD8CFD41FD2EFD51" box="[608,698,657,683]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFD8CFD41FD2EFD51" bold="true" box="[608,698,657,683]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFD25FD42FCD3FD51" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[713,839,657,683]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="deformis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFD25FD42FCD3FD51" box="[713,839,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. deformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFCA3FD41FC3DFD51" box="[847,937,657,683]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFCA3FD41FC3DFD51" bold="true" box="[847,937,657,683]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFC0CFD42FBFEFD51" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[992,1130,657,683]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="okokewae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFC0CFD42FBFEFD51" box="[992,1130,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. okokewae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFB9EFD41FB58FD51" box="[1138,1228,657,683]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFB9EFD41FB58FD51" bold="true" box="[1138,1228,657,683]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Oxyaster size and morphology can be used to differentiate
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFDB4FD66FC96FD35" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[600,770,693,719]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFDB4FD66FC96FD35" box="[600,770,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFCE4FD65FCF5FD35" box="[776,865,693,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFCE4FD65FCF5FD35" bold="true" box="[776,865,693,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFC48FD66FBB4FD35" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[932,1056,693,719]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="deformis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFC48FD66FBB4FD35" box="[932,1056,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. deformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFBCBFD65FBEBFD35" box="[1063,1151,693,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFBCBFD65FBEBFD35" bold="true" box="[1063,1151,693,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFB58FD66FAA9FD35" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[1204,1341,693,719]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="okokewae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFB58FD66FAA9FD35" box="[1204,1341,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. okokewae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFAA8FD65FA08FD35" box="[1348,1436,693,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFAA8FD65FA08FD35" bold="true" box="[1348,1436,693,719]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFF7BFD0AFE1CFD09" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,392,729,755]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF7BFD0AFE1CFD09" box="[151,392,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Penares turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFE62FD09FE7CFD09" box="[398,488,729,755]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFE62FD09FE7CFD09" bold="true" box="[398,488,729,755]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has smaller oxyasters (19 (6–31) µm) than
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFC22FD0AFBD8FD09" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[974,1100,729,755]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="deformis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFC22FD0AFBD8FD09" box="[974,1100,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. deformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFBBEFD09FB38FD09" box="[1106,1196,729,755]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFBBEFD09FB38FD09" bold="true" box="[1106,1196,729,755]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(40 (22–78) µm) and
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFF7BFD2EFEB5FCED" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,289,765,791]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="okokewae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF7BFD2EFEB5FCED" box="[151,289,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. okokewae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFEC4FD2DFE16FCED" box="[296,386,765,791]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFEC4FD2DFE16FCED" bold="true" box="[296,386,765,791]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(32 (25–50) µm). In addition, the oxyaster rays of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFC2CFD2EFBFEFCED" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[960,1130,765,791]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFC2CFD2EFBFEFCED" box="[960,1130,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFB9EFD2DFB5FFCED" box="[1138,1227,765,791]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFB9EFD2DFB5FFCED" bold="true" box="[1138,1227,765,791]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
are lightly spined, whereas the oxyaster rays of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFE0DFCF2FDCBFCC1" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[481,607,801,827]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="deformis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFE0DFCF2FDCBFCC1" box="[481,607,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. deformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFD8BFCF1FD56FCC1" box="[615,706,801,827]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFD8BFCF1FD56FCC1" bold="true" box="[615,706,801,827]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
are only faintly acanthose, and the oxyaster rays of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFAFEFCF2FA08FCC1" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[1298,1436,801,827]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="okokewae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFAFEFCF2FA08FCC1" box="[1298,1436,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. okokewae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFF7BFC95FF65FCA5" box="[151,241,837,863]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFF7BFC95FF65FCA5" bold="true" box="[151,241,837,863]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
are smooth. None of the other South Pacific species possess oxyasters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36F0FF81F95CFF2BFCB9FCD8FBA1" blockId="29.[151,1437,152,1115]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B01FF81F95CFF2BFCB9FD95FC79" author="Kelly, M. &amp; Buckeridge, J. S." box="[199,513,872,899]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="899 - 914" refId="ref27092" refString="Kelly, M. &amp; Buckeridge, J. S. (2005) An early Paleogene sponge fauna, Chatham Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 39, 899 - 914. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2005.9517361" type="journal article" year="2005">Kelly &amp; Buckeridge (2005)</bibRefCitation>
identified several Palaeogene microfossil spicules from the interstices of sponge body fossils from the Tutuiri Greensand, Chatham Island, that are comparable to the short-shafted sub-phyllodichotriaenes of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFED2FC62FDEEFC31" authority="Levi, 1993" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[318,634,945,971]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="palmatoclada">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFED2FC62FEDBFC31" box="[318,335,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFEB2FC61FE6CFC31" box="[350,504,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">palmatoclada</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B01FF81F95CFDECFC61FDEEFC31" author="Levi, C." box="[512,634,945,971]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="9 - 87" refId="ref27606" refString="Levi, C. (1993) Porifera Demospongiae: Spongiaires bathyaux de Nouvelle-Caledonie, recoltes par le ' Jean Charcot'. Campagne BIOCAL, 1985. Resultats des campagnes MUSORSTOM. Vol. 11. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, A (Zoologie), 158, 9 - 87." type="journal article" year="1993">Lévi, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B01FF81F95CFD66FC61FC27FC31" author="Kelly, M. &amp; Buckeridge, J. S." box="[650,947,944,971]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="899 - 914" refId="ref27092" refString="Kelly, M. &amp; Buckeridge, J. S. (2005) An early Paleogene sponge fauna, Chatham Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 39, 899 - 914. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2005.9517361" type="journal article" year="2005">Kelly &amp; Buckeridge 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13592A75FF81F95CFC2CFC61FB8FFC31" box="[960,1051,945,971]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[171,1415,790,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[171,1415,790,1925]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Penares schulzei (Dendy 1905), NIWA 75616: A. Specimen preserved in ethanol. Note the gastropod shells in- corporated into the interior of the sponge; B. Thin section of the cortex showing the dense layer of tangential microxeas at the surface; C. Thin section of the cortex and choanosome showing the location of the triaenes underneath the crust of microxeas." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3407689/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
). However, while the cladomes of these microfossil triaenes do look remarkably like those of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFCC1FC06FC72FC15" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[813,998,981,1007]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="palmatoclada">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFCC1FC06FCAAFC15" box="[813,830,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFCA0FC05FC72FC15" box="[844,998,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">palmatoclada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFBF0FC06FB53FC15" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[1052,1223,981,1007]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFBF0FC06FB53FC15" box="[1052,1223,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
their overall width is considerably smaller, at around
<quantity id="4C9A9B15FF81F95CFDF5FC28FDE7FBE9" box="[537,627,1016,1043]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="250.0">250 µm</quantity>
. In dimensions, the dichotriaenes of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFBFDFC2AFB28FBE9" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[1041,1212,1017,1043]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turmericolor" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFBFDFC2AFB28FBE9" box="[1041,1212,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. turmericolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFB2FFC29FA89FBE9" box="[1219,1309,1017,1043]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFB2FFC29FA89FBE9" bold="true" box="[1219,1309,1017,1043]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
are similar to those of the new species
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFE3FFBCEFDACFBCD" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[467,568,1053,1079]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="mollis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFE3FFBCEFE70FBCD" box="[467,484,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFE18FBCDFDACFBCD" box="[500,568,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">mollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFDACFBCDFD0FFBCD" box="[576,667,1053,1079]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFDACFBCDFD0FFBCD" bold="true" box="[576,667,1053,1079]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<tableCitation id="C6E0034BFF81F95CFD47FBCDFC95FBCD" box="[683,769,1053,1079]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="13.[151,239,1153,1177]" captionTargetBox="[166,1339,1261,1713]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 3. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Penares mollis sp. nov. Dimensions are given as the mean (minimum–maximum) length × mean (minimum–maximum) width (number of spicules measured). OX = oxea; OR= orthotriaene rhabdome, OC = orthotriaene clad; OCC = orthotriaene cladome; MOX = microxea; MR = microrhabd; TYL = tylaster." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1D6678FF91F94CFF7BFB51FB64FB1B" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="DF1D6678FF91F94CFF7BFB51FB64FB1B">Table 3</tableCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C624D73FF81F95CFCAFFBCEFC3BFBCD" authority="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly, 2019" authorityName="Sim-Smith &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2019" box="[835,943,1053,1079]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aureus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFCAFFBCEFCC0FBCD" box="[835,852,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFC88FBCEFC3BFBCD" box="[868,943,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">aureus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2255799FF81F95CFC5BFBCDFB86FBCD" box="[951,1042,1053,1079]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B916EAE2FF81F95CFC5BFBCDFB86FBCD" bold="true" box="[951,1042,1053,1079]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<tableCitation id="C6E0034BFF81F95CFBCEFBCDFBEEFBCD" box="[1058,1146,1053,1079]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,239,154,178]" captionTargetBox="[166,1343,262,1003]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 4. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Penares aureus sp. nov. Dimensions are given as the mean (minimum–maximum) length × mean (minimum–maximum) width (number of spicules measured). OX = oxea; P = plagiotriaene rhabdome, PC = plagotriaene clad; C = plagiotriaene cladome; MOX = microxea; MR = microrhabd; O = oxyaster." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Table 4</tableCitation>
), but they are completely different in cladome morphology and geographic distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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