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<document id="BF0C16DCC16B326D25CC1326885AD5A0" ID-DOI="10.11865/zs.2022208" ID-ISSN="2095-6827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12815316" ID-ZooBank="9A927B9F-4002-4D3F-85D6-A74CF01DCBD3" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1721868730528" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wang, Zhidong, Jiang, Chao &amp; Huang, Luqi" docDate="2022" docId="03CB87AEFFD43965FF56FA5D1ECF8B5B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolSyst.47.2.168-174.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Systematics 47 (2)" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/32f9a01b-44f4-360b-8d90-bda3b2d159fb/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD.1:ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD" docStyleName="ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Cylisticus convexus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="173" masterDocId="FFF2FFD6FFD43960FFDEFFED1D7E8854" masterDocTitle="The terrestrial isopod, Cylisticus convexus (de Geer, 1778), representing a new record family in China (Oniscidea)" masterLastPageNumber="174" masterPageNumber="168" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1721875089406" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="C8A3EF521B7AB3E37AB1600609CC03BF">The terrestrial isopod, Cylisticus convexus (de Geer, 1778), representing a new record family in China (Oniscidea)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C3786533FFD43960FF56FA5D1FDA8D9C" box="[136,676,1456,1480]" pageId="0" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD43960FF56FA5D1FDA8D9C" blockId="0.[136,676,1456,1480]" box="[136,676,1456,1480]" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">
<heading id="D09581D4FFD43960FF56FA5D1FDA8D9C" box="[136,676,1456,1480]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="168" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD43960FF56FA5D1F6D8D9C" ID-CoL="334LY" authority="(de Geer, 1778)" baseAuthorityName="de Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1778" box="[136,531,1456,1480]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cylisticidae" genus="Cylisticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD43960FF56FA5D1F6D8D9C" bold="true" box="[136,531,1456,1480]" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD43960FF56FA5D1C218D93" bold="true" box="[136,351,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Cylisticus convexus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B49FFD43960FEB0FA5D1F758D9C" author="de Geer. C. &amp; Memoires Pour Servir" box="[366,523,1456,1480]" pageId="0" pageNumber="168" pagination="545 - 554" refId="ref2163" refString="de Geer. C. 1778. Memoires Pour Servir a l'Histoire des Insectes. Cloportes. pp. 545 - 554." type="book chapter" year="1778">de Geer, 1778</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FDF1FA5D1FE28D9C" box="[559,668,1456,1480]" captionStart-0="Figures 17" captionStart-1="Figures 815" captionStart-2="Figures 1624" captionStartId-0="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionStartId-1="2.[155,227,1999,2021]" captionStartId-2="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,266,1966]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1399,260,1960]" captionTargetId-0="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId-1="figure-44@2.[189,1399,266,1967]" captionTargetId-2="figure-72@3.[189,1399,260,1961]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." captionText-1="Figures 815. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 8. Pereopod 1. 9. Pereopod 2. 10. Pereopod 3. 11. Pereopod 4. 12. Pereopod 5. 13. Pereopod 6. 14. Pereopod 7. 15. Antenna. Scale bars=1.0mm." captionText-2="Figures 1624. Male of Cylisticus convexus. 1618. CMMI 20201110001. 16. Maxilliped; 17. Maxilla; 18. Maxillule. 1920. CMMI 20201110003. 19. Right mandible; 20. Left mandible. 2124. CMMI 20201110002. 21. pleopod 1 exopod; 22. pleopod 1 endopod; 23. pleopod 2 exopod; 24. pleopod 2 endopod. Scale bars: 1620=0.5mm; 2124=1.0mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815322" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815324" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12815322/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/12815324/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Figs 124</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3786533FFD43965FF63FA0A1ECF8B5B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="0" pageNumber="168" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD43960FF63FA0A1FAD8E33" blockId="0.[136,1452,1511,1917]" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">
Description. Maximum length 9.0 mm for male, 10.0 mm for female. Body elongated and convex, about 2 times as long as wide, exoantennal conglobation ability (when body rolls up, its antenna bend on back). Dorsal surface of head, pereon and pleon brown-gray with pale muscle spots (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FDA4F9C01FC78E11" box="[634,697,1581,1605]" captionStart="Figures 17" captionStartId="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Cephalon and pereonite 1 without any groove on dorsal surface (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FA5EF9C01DE98E3C" captionStart="Figures 17" captionStartId="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Dorsal surface of tergites covered with gland pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD43964FF63F99F1D92891E" blockId="0.[136,1452,1511,1917]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">
Cephalon with nearly quadrangular lateral lobes obliquely directed outwards; medial lobe triangular, not surpassing lateral lobes in dorsal view; supra-antennal line absent (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FD31F9781E2A8EF9" box="[751,852,1685,1709]" captionStart="Figures 17" captionStartId="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Figs 3, 5</figureCitation>
). Eyes with 22 ommatidia (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FB56F97819B28EF9" box="[1160,1228,1685,1709]" captionStart="Figures 17" captionStartId="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Antenna with fifth article of peduncle longer than flagellum; flagellum of two articles, distal and proximal articles nearly equal in length (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FA5EF95A1DDB8EA6" captionStart="Figures 815" captionStartId="2.[155,227,1999,2021]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,266,1966]" captionTargetId="figure-44@2.[189,1399,266,1967]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 815. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 8. Pereopod 1. 9. Pereopod 2. 10. Pereopod 3. 11. Pereopod 4. 12. Pereopod 5. 13. Pereopod 6. 14. Pereopod 7. 15. Antenna. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815322/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Mandible with molar penicil consisting of numerous setae arising from a common stem; several penicils between lacinia mobilis and molar process; incisor process and lacinia mobilis of right mandible smaller than left (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FAFEF91018DE8F41" box="[1312,1440,1789,1813]" captionStart="Figures 1624" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-72@3.[189,1399,260,1961]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1624. Male of Cylisticus convexus. 1618. CMMI 20201110001. 16. Maxilliped; 17. Maxilla; 18. Maxillule. 1920. CMMI 20201110003. 19. Right mandible; 20. Left mandible. 2124. CMMI 20201110002. 21. pleopod 1 exopod; 22. pleopod 1 endopod; 23. pleopod 2 exopod; 24. pleopod 2 endopod. Scale bars: 1620=0.5mm; 2124=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815324/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Figs 1920</figureCitation>
). Maxillule with exopod bearing 11 (4 simple + 7 cleft apically) teeth; outer margin of exopod with a row of dense setae with short setae on upper part and long setae on lower part (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FD03F8AF1E548F0E" box="[733,810,1858,1882]" captionStart="Figures 1624" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-72@3.[189,1399,260,1961]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1624. Male of Cylisticus convexus. 1618. CMMI 20201110001. 16. Maxilliped; 17. Maxilla; 18. Maxillule. 1920. CMMI 20201110003. 19. Right mandible; 20. Left mandible. 2124. CMMI 20201110002. 21. pleopod 1 exopod; 22. pleopod 1 endopod; 23. pleopod 2 exopod; 24. pleopod 2 endopod. Scale bars: 1620=0.5mm; 2124=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815324/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
). Maxilla two-lobed, with both lobes bearing setules; inner lobe larger than outer lobe with scatter spines (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD43960FD55F8881FA28F29" box="[651,732,1893,1917]" captionStart="Figures 1624" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-72@3.[189,1399,260,1961]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1624. Male of Cylisticus convexus. 1618. CMMI 20201110001. 16. Maxilliped; 17. Maxilla; 18. Maxillule. 1920. CMMI 20201110003. 19. Right mandible; 20. Left mandible. 2124. CMMI 20201110002. 21. pleopod 1 exopod; 22. pleopod 1 endopod; 23. pleopod 2 exopod; 24. pleopod 2 endopod. Scale bars: 1620=0.5mm; 2124=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815324/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="168">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). Maxilliped coxa bearing scales and scale-setae; endite with four setae on distal margin; palp reduced, three-segmented with basal segment bearing 2 setae, distal margin of medial segment bearing 1 large seta on inner side and 1 seta on medial margin, distal process of apical segment bearing a tuft of small setae (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FF4EFEDF1D9E891E" box="[144,224,306,330]" captionStart="Figures 1624" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-72@3.[189,1399,260,1961]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1624. Male of Cylisticus convexus. 1618. CMMI 20201110001. 16. Maxilliped; 17. Maxilla; 18. Maxillule. 1920. CMMI 20201110003. 19. Right mandible; 20. Left mandible. 2124. CMMI 20201110002. 21. pleopod 1 exopod; 22. pleopod 1 endopod; 23. pleopod 2 exopod; 24. pleopod 2 endopod. Scale bars: 1620=0.5mm; 2124=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815324/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD53961FF45F833182D8047" blockId="1.[155,1433,2014,2068]" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">
Figures 17. Male of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD53961FEB3F8331F048FA7" authority=", CMMI" authorityName="CMMI" box="[365,634,2014,2035]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cylisticidae" genus="Cylisticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD53961FEB3F8331F548FA7" box="[365,554,2014,2035]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="169">Cylisticus convexus</emphasis>
, CMMI
</taxonomicName>
20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1D6630FFD63962FF45F8221ECA8051" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815322" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12815322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815322/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="170" startId="2.[155,227,1999,2021]" targetBox="[189,1399,266,1966]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD63962FF45F8221ECA8051" blockId="2.[155,1433,1999,2053]" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">
Figures 815. Male of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD63962FE5FF8221FEF8FB0" authority=", CMMI" authorityName="CMMI" box="[385,657,1999,2021]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cylisticidae" genus="Cylisticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD63962FE5FF8221F3E8FB1" box="[385,576,1999,2021]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="170">Cylisticus convexus</emphasis>
, CMMI
</taxonomicName>
20201110002. 8. Pereopod 1. 9. Pereopod 2. 10. Pereopod 3. 11. Pereopod 4. 12. Pereopod 5. 13. Pereopod 6. 14. Pereopod 7. 15. Antenna. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD73963FF45F8241970804A" blockId="3.[155,1433,1993,2079]" pageId="3" pageNumber="171">
Figures 1624. Male of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD73963FE5DF8241F3E8F8A" box="[387,576,1993,2014]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cylisticidae" genus="Cylisticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD73963FE5DF8241F3E8F8A" box="[387,576,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="171">Cylisticus convexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 1618. CMMI 20201110001. 16. Maxilliped; 17. Maxilla; 18. Maxillule. 1920. CMMI 20201110003. 19. Right mandible; 20. Left mandible. 2124. CMMI 20201110002. 21. pleopod 1 exopod; 22. pleopod 1 endopod; 23. pleopod 2 exopod; 24. pleopod 2 endopod. Scale bars: 1620 =0.5 mm; 2124 = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03964FF63FEB919418980" blockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
Pereonite 1 with postero-lateral corners acute and postero-lateral margin concave; pereonites 24 with postero-lateral corners rounded; pereonites 57 with postero-lateral corners almost right-angled (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FC2FFE9A195189DB" box="[1009,1071,375,399]" captionStart="Figures 17" captionStartId="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Noduli laterals on pereonite 4 2.5 times as far from lateral margin than those on pereonite 3. Pereopod 1 carpus with longitudinal slender scales on rostral surface, dactylus with one dactylar seta and brown-yellow claw curved ventrally (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FC2FFE51194C8980" box="[1009,1074,444,468]" captionStart="Figures 815" captionStartId="2.[155,227,1999,2021]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,266,1966]" captionTargetId="figure-44@2.[189,1399,266,1967]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 815. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 8. Pereopod 1. 9. Pereopod 2. 10. Pereopod 3. 11. Pereopod 4. 12. Pereopod 5. 13. Pereopod 6. 14. Pereopod 7. 15. Antenna. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815322/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03964FF63FE321E0B8A68" blockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
Side edge of pleon in line with side edge of pereon (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FD34FE321E5789A3" box="[746,809,479,503]" captionStart="Figures 17" captionStartId="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Pleopod 15 exopod with internal lungs. Telson triangular with concave sides and rounded apex; apex surpassing uropodal protopod (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FC72FDEF19738A4E" box="[940,1037,514,538]" captionStart="Figures 17" captionStartId="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Figs 1, 4</figureCitation>
). Uropodal protopod grooved on outer margin; endopod as long as exopod ending with long setae (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FCD6FDC91E198A68" box="[776,871,548,572]" captionStart="Figures 17" captionStartId="1.[155,227,2014,2036]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-61@1.[189,1398,252,1968]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figures 17. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. 3. Cephalon, dorsal view. 4. Telson and uropods, dorsal view. 5. Cephalon, frontal view. 6. Cephalon, ventral view. 7. Uropods, ventral view. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815320/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Figs 2, 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03964FF63FDAA19758ABE" blockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
Male. Pereopods 17 merus and carpus with brush of setae on ventral surface. Distal two thirds of pereopods 6 basis with long and dense setae (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FE75FD871C848AD6" box="[427,506,618,642]" captionStart="Figures 815" captionStartId="2.[155,227,1999,2021]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,266,1966]" captionTargetId="figure-44@2.[189,1399,266,1967]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 815. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 8. Pereopod 1. 9. Pereopod 2. 10. Pereopod 3. 11. Pereopod 4. 12. Pereopod 5. 13. Pereopod 6. 14. Pereopod 7. 15. Antenna. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815322/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Ventral margin of pereopod 7 ischium slightly concave with hairy brush of small setae and six long setae (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FE8BFD611CDB8AF0" box="[341,421,652,676]" captionStart="Figures 815" captionStartId="2.[155,227,1999,2021]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,266,1966]" captionTargetId="figure-44@2.[189,1399,266,1967]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 815. Male of Cylisticus convexus, CMMI 20201110002. 8. Pereopod 1. 9. Pereopod 2. 10. Pereopod 3. 11. Pereopod 4. 12. Pereopod 5. 13. Pereopod 6. 14. Pereopod 7. 15. Antenna. Scale bars=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815322/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Pleopod 1 exopod nearly heart-shaped with a raw of short setae on outer margin; endopod with proximal half wide, distal half narrow, and tip slightly curved outward (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FCA2FD421E868A93" box="[892,1016,687,711]" captionStart="Figures 1624" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-72@3.[189,1399,260,1961]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1624. Male of Cylisticus convexus. 1618. CMMI 20201110001. 16. Maxilliped; 17. Maxilla; 18. Maxillule. 1920. CMMI 20201110003. 19. Right mandible; 20. Left mandible. 2124. CMMI 20201110002. 21. pleopod 1 exopod; 22. pleopod 1 endopod; 23. pleopod 2 exopod; 24. pleopod 2 endopod. Scale bars: 1620=0.5mm; 2124=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815324/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Figs 2122</figureCitation>
). Pleopod 2 exopod triangular with a raw of short setae on outer margin; endopod styliform, longer than exopod (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FC5DFD3F197E8ABE" box="[899,1024,722,746]" captionStart="Figures 1624" captionStartId="3.[155,227,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-72@3.[189,1399,260,1961]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1624. Male of Cylisticus convexus. 1618. CMMI 20201110001. 16. Maxilliped; 17. Maxilla; 18. Maxillule. 1920. CMMI 20201110003. 19. Right mandible; 20. Left mandible. 2124. CMMI 20201110002. 21. pleopod 1 exopod; 22. pleopod 1 endopod; 23. pleopod 2 exopod; 24. pleopod 2 endopod. Scale bars: 1620=0.5mm; 2124=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815324/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Figs 2324</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03964FF63FD1919F48B7B" blockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
<materialsCitation id="3B0A3CE5FFD03964FF63FD1919F48B7B" collectingDate="2020-11-10" collectorName="W. H. Dai." country="China" county="Dalian" elevation="73" latitude="38.806553" location="Material" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.28767" municipality="Lvshunkou" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Liaoning">
<location id="8EBD6063FFD03964FF63FD191C698B58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87AEFFD43965FF56FA5D1ECF8B5B:8EBD6063FFD03964FF63FD191C698B58" box="[189,279,756,780]" country="China" county="Dalian" latitude="38.806553" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.28767" municipality="Lvshunkou" name="Material" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" stateProvince="Liaoning">Material</location>
examined. CMMI 20201110001005,
<specimenCount id="9D64FD31FFD03964FD0DFD191F8C8B58" box="[723,754,756,780]" count="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D64FD31FFD03964FD2CFD191E668B58" box="[754,792,756,780]" count="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" type="male">6♂</specimenCount>
, under stones,
<location id="8EBD6063FFD03964FC14FD1919BE8B58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB87AEFFD43965FF56FA5D1ECF8B5B:8EBD6063FFD03964FC14FD1919BE8B58" box="[970,1216,756,780]" country="China" county="Dalian" latitude="38.806553" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.28767" municipality="Lvshunkou" name="Mountain Dongjiguan" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" stateProvince="Liaoning">Mountain Dongjiguan</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB9ACC2FFD03964FB0CFD1918338B58" box="[1234,1357,756,780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Lvshunkou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62BC4E34FFD03964FA80FD1918D68B58" box="[1374,1448,756,780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Dalian</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A6F85AFFD03964FF56FCFA1D958B7B" box="[136,235,791,815]" country="China" name="Liaoning" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Liaoning</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FF28FCFA1C4B8B7B" box="[246,309,791,815]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">China</collectingCountry>
(
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE56507FFFD03964FE3AFCFB1FFD8B7B" box="[484,643,790,815]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" precision="1" seconds="15.6" value="121.28767">121°17'15.6″E</geoCoordinate>
, elev.
<quantity id="4C9A9B5DFFD03964FD18FCFA1F828B7B" box="[710,764,791,815]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" unit="m" value="73.0">
<elevation id="004FD18BFFD03964FD18FCFA1F828B7B" box="[710,764,791,815]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" unit="m" value="73.0">73 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="FFDC1078FFD03964FCD0FCFA1EA18B7B" box="[782,991,791,815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" value="2020-11-10">
<collectingDate id="EF98E990FFD03964FCD0FCFA1EA18B7B" box="[782,991,791,815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" value="2020-11-10">10 November 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="2697536EFFD03964FBC0FCF519F48B7B" box="[1054,1162,791,815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">W.H. Dai.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03964FF63FCD719BE8B06" blockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" box="[189,1216,826,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
Distribution.
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FE92FCD71CF28B06" box="[332,396,826,850]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49A6F85AFFD03964FE44FCD71F7E8B06" box="[410,512,826,850]" country="China" name="Liaoning" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Liaoning</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FDCEFCD71FF28B06" box="[528,652,826,850]" name="Turkey" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Asia Minor</collectingCountry>
, Europe, Northern Africa, North and South America.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03964FF63FCB119D28BEE" blockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
Biology. The species was found in a tourist attraction with the vegetation
<typeStatus id="54D9881AFFD03964FC18FCB01E8A8B21" box="[966,1012,861,885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">type</typeStatus>
of deciduous forest (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FB0CFCB1185F8B20" box="[1234,1313,860,884]" captionStart="Figures 2526" captionStartId="4.[155,227,2057,2079]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1458,2013]" captionTargetId="figure-629@4.[189,1398,1458,2013]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2526. Cylisticus convexus. 25. Habitat. 26. Living adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815326/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
). Individuals often hide in humid environments during the day, such as soft soil, under stones and thick piles of dead leaves. When frightened by light, sound or vibration, it will roll its body into a ball or run away quickly (
<figureCitation id="13592A3DFFD03964FB8EFC4F19DE8BEE" box="[1104,1184,930,954]" captionStart="Figures 2526" captionStartId="4.[155,227,2057,2079]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1458,2013]" captionTargetId="figure-629@4.[189,1398,1458,2013]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 2526. Cylisticus convexus. 25. Habitat. 26. Living adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815326/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03964FF63FC291CD58CA6" blockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
Remarks. The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FE7DFC291F728B88" authorityName="Schnitzler" authorityYear="1853" box="[419,524,964,988]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cylisticidae" genus="Cylisticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD03964FE7DFC291F728B88" box="[419,524,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Cylisticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consists of an eastern group (Eastern Europe,
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FBD7FC2919288B88" box="[1033,1110,964,988]" name="Turkey" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, Caucasus region, northern and western
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FF3DFC0A1C6E8BAB" box="[227,272,999,1023]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Iran</collectingCountry>
) and a western group (southern
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FDB2FC051FC98BAB" box="[620,695,1000,1023]" name="France" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">France</collectingCountry>
, northern
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FCFAFC0A1E288BAB" box="[804,854,999,1023]" name="Italy" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FCBCFC0A1EC88BAB" box="[866,950,999,1023]" name="France" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Corsica</collectingCountry>
, Sardinia) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B49FFD03964FBECFC0A187A8BAB" author="Schmalfuss" box="[1074,1284,999,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref2694" refString="Schmalfuss, H. 2003 b. Terrestrial isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda) from the Caucasus region. 5. Cylisticus Schnitzler, Parcylisticus Verhoeff, Cylisticoides n. gen. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde (Serie A), 647: 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="2003">Schmalfuss, 2003b</bibRefCitation>
). There are two vague diagnostic characters of the genus: the exoantennal conglobation ability which may be liable to convergence, male pereopod 6 basis with sexual modification while this characteristic is deficient in smaller, endogenous life, unpigmented species of the western group. The discovery of
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FDA5FBA21F858C33" box="[635,763,1103,1127]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cylisticidae" genus="Cylisticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD03964FDA5FBA21F858C33" box="[635,763,1103,1127]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">C. convexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
adds a family to the Chinese woodlouse species lists. Up to now, 14 families and one
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD03964FEB4FB9F1F7E8CDE" box="[362,512,1138,1162]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">incertae sedis</emphasis>
genus of the suborder
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FCDEFB9F1E158CDE" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[768,875,1138,1162]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Oniscidea">Oniscidea</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FC4FFB9F1EAA8CDE" box="[913,980,1138,1162]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">China</collectingCountry>
. Woodlouse species such as
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FACEFB9F1CEA8CF8" authority="(Latreille, 1804)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1804" class="Malacostraca" family="Armadillidiidae" genus="Armadillidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgare">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD03964FACEFB9F1DA78CF8" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Armadillidium vulgare</emphasis>
(Latreille, 1804)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FE7FFB791F8D8CF8" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[417,755,1172,1196]" class="Malacostraca" family="Porcellionidae" genus="Porcellio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD03964FE7FFB791F378CF8" box="[417,585,1172,1196]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Porcellio laevis</emphasis>
Latreille, 1804
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FCF1FB79199D8CF8" authority="(Brandt, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="Brandt" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[815,1251,1172,1196]" class="Malacostraca" family="Porcellionidae" genus="Porcellionides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD03964FCF1FB7919458CF8" box="[815,1083,1172,1196]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Porcellionides pruinosus</emphasis>
(Brandt, 1833)
</taxonomicName>
have spread to all parts of the world through human activities. Whether the source of Chinese
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FC6AFB5A194B8C9B" box="[948,1077,1207,1231]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cylisticidae" genus="Cylisticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD03964FC6AFB5A194B8C9B" box="[948,1077,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">C. convexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
originated from the same path still needs to be further studied.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03965FF63FB111D978973" blockId="4.[136,1453,236,1404]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1451,236,295]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
The suborder
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FE8CFB111CC38D40" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[338,445,1276,1300]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Oniscidea">Oniscidea</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FE01FB111F618D40" box="[479,543,1276,1300]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">China</collectingCountry>
has been intermittently reported (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B49FFD03964FC56FB11197B8D40" author="Shen" box="[904,1029,1276,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" pagination="49 - 66" refId="ref2802" refString="Shen, C. J. 1949. On Six New Land and Freshwater Isopod Crustacea from Yunnan, China. Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Peiping. pp. 49 - 66." type="book chapter" year="1949">Shen, 1949</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B49FFD03964FBD1FB1119018D40" author="Wei" box="[1039,1151,1276,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" pagination="25 - 27" refId="ref3146" refString="Wei, C. D. 1992. New recorded species of Oniscidea (Crustacea: Isopoda) from Zhejiang. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 11 (1): 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1992">Wei, 1992</bibRefCitation>
; Kwon &amp; Taiti, 1993;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B49FFD03964FAB0FB101C578D63" author="Wang" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" pagination="229 - 236" refId="ref3037" refString="Wang, C. H., Kwon, D. H. 1993. Two new species of genus Ligidium (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Taiwan. Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity, 9 (2): 229 - 236." type="journal article" year="1993">Wang &amp; Kwon, 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF34B49FFD03964FEEAFAF21CA08D63" author="Gui" box="[308,478,1311,1335]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" pagination="64 - 81" refId="ref2186" refString="Gui, H., Tang, B. P., Wu, T. 1994. Research on the terrestrial isopods of the lower reaches of Changjiang (Yangtse River) (I) Description of terrestrial Isopods along the coast in Jiangsu Province. Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Natural Science), 17 (1): 64 - 81." type="journal article" year="1994">
Gui
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). Previous studies had been focused on the southern part of
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD03964FF08FA891C678D28" box="[214,281,1380,1404]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">China</collectingCountry>
, but more areas of
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still need to be investigated by zoologists, such as the western, central and northern parts of
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD13965FF03FF011C5E8950" box="[221,288,236,260]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">China</collectingCountry>
. It has a great potential that more species of the suborder
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD13965FCAAFF011EA18950" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[884,991,236,260]" class="Malacostraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Oniscidea">Oniscidea</taxonomicName>
occur in areas not explored or incompletely sampled.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1D6630FFD03964FF45F7E41E6F804B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12815326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12815326" box="[155,785,2057,2079]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12815326/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" startId="4.[155,227,2057,2079]" targetBox="[189,1398,1458,2013]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD03964FF45F7E41E6F804B" blockId="4.[155,785,2057,2079]" box="[155,785,2057,2079]" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">
Figures 2526.
<taxonomicName id="4C624D3BFFD03964FEEFF7E41C90804B" box="[305,494,2057,2079]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cylisticidae" genus="Cylisticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexus">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD03964FEEFF7E41C90804B" box="[305,494,2057,2079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="172">Cylisticus convexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 25. Habitat. 26. Living adult.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD13965FF56FEB6195289C2" blockId="5.[136,1451,347,406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD13965FF56FEB61D968927" bold="true" box="[136,232,347,371]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="173" reason="1">Funding</emphasis>
The research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD13965FC23FEB619438927" box="[1021,1085,347,371]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">China</collectingCountry>
(82073972), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes (ZZ13-YQ-089-C1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD13965FF56FE271FB28A51" blockId="5.[136,1451,458,517]" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD13965FF56FE271C1B89B6" bold="true" box="[136,357,458,482]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="173" reason="1">Acknowledgements</emphasis>
We are very grateful to Wenhao Dai for his help to collect specimens. We would also like to thank Stefano Taiti for kindly providing important literature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD13965FC91FDB219268AFB" blockId="5.[847,1451,606,634]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1451,666,783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">
Zhidong Wang1, 2, Chao Jiang2 *, Luqi Huang2 *
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD13965FF56FD7A19268AFB" box="[136,1112,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">
1College of Pharmaceutical Science,
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Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053,
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</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD13965FF56FD5A1F688ABB" blockId="5.[136,1451,666,783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD13965FF56FD5A1F688ABB" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">
<superScript id="7C179BF0FFD13965FF56FD5A1DEE8A91" attach="right" box="[136,144,695,709]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">2</superScript>
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,
<collectingCountry id="F3757628FFD13965FB75FD5719988A9B" box="[1195,1254,698,719]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">China</collectingCountry>
Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,
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100700,
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</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD36B8FFD13965FF56FD151ECF8B5B" blockId="5.[136,1451,666,783]" box="[136,945,760,783]" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="B916EAAAFFD13965FF56FD151ECF8B5B" box="[136,945,760,783]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">
<superScript id="7C179BF0FFD13965FF56FD151DEE8B52" attach="right" box="[136,144,760,774]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="173">*</superScript>
Corresponding authors, E-mail: jiangchao0411@126.com; huangluqi01@263.com
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>