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<document id="EC6E23194765BDF25CC7D289CB3DC693" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.190597" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d0517f33-b9e9-4a78-882a-0b100dc3a6a1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="190597" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459886016419" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, Alexander &amp; Burbrink, Frank T." docDate="2009" docId="03F2AA3FFFE6401023E0F8B5A35BFEB0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02241p032.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2241" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lampropeltis getula Linnaeus 1766" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFCBD247FFE440142377FFBEA17CFF96" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula; Serpentes: Colubridae) and the burden of heritage in taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="22" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698227781581" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="A6F76F113941514E50CEC30ED45D91D2">Systematics of the Common Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula; Serpentes: Colubridae) and the burden of heritage in taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="37330EBC5DBC2621A8739D0E76B45FD1">Pyron, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DDD185CBBD51F7C3C1FC42D2F499DE63">Burbrink, Frank T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="AB245757DA9EEF3C3646F32DAE0C61EA">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F2AA3FFFE6401023E0F8B5A35BFEB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6219708" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119371498" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6219708" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F2AA3FFFE6401023E0F8B5A35BFEB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2AA3FFFE6401023E0F8B5A35BFEB0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="C34148A2FFE6401623E0F8B5A00FF8F9" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE6401623E0F8B5A324F8B3" blockId="2.[151,600,1803,1903]" box="[151,600,1803,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="D0ACAC45FFE6401623E0F8B5A324F8B3" bold="true" box="[151,600,1803,1829]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE6401623E0F8B5A324F8B3" authority="Linnaeus 1766" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" box="[151,600,1803,1829]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="getula">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE6401623E0F8B5A324F8B3" bold="true" box="[151,600,1803,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE6401623E0F8B5A0F5F8B3" bold="true" box="[151,393,1803,1829]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Lampropeltis getula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE6401622E0F8B5A32CF8B3" author="Linnaeus, C." bookContentInfo="532 pp." box="[407,592,1803,1829]" journalOrPublisher="Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, Holmiae" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1766) Systema natur per regna tria natur, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio duodecima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, Holmiae, 532 pp." title="Systema natur per regna tria natur, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio duodecima, reformata" type="book" year="1766">Linnaeus 1766</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE6401623E0F890A064F8DE" blockId="2.[151,600,1803,1903]" box="[151,280,1838,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
(
<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE6401623E8F890A072F8DE" box="[159,270,1838,1864]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,1517,1541]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,257,1419,1443]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,256,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1408,428,1485]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,390,1393]" captionTargetBox-2="[167,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,411,1493]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,390,1394]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Chronogram showing genetic structure, geographic location, and divergence times of the five species in the Lampropeltis getula complex, from Pyron &amp; Burbrink (2009 c). The dates and depth of the terminal triangles represent the time of the most recent common ancestor of that lineage, while the height of the triangles is proportional to the number of samples in the clade. Dates at nodes represent the mean and 95 % credible interval for that node, while numbers above branches represent Bayesian posterior probability support. Divergence times and support values are from Pyron &amp; Burbrink (2009 c)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Range map of the five lineages recovered by Pyron &amp; Burbrink (2009 c), corresponding to five distinct species in North America. Note the zones of sympatry between L. californiae and L. splendida, and L. nigra and L. getula." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Primary color pattern variants of five species of the Lampropeltis getula group. Many additional variants occur regionally; these are simply the primary color pattern classes of the five species. See Blaney (1977), Conant &amp; Collins (1998), Stebbins (2003), and Krysko &amp; Judd (2006) for more detailed descriptions of color pattern variation. Photograps of L. getula (R), L. nigra (R), L. holbrooki (L), and L. californiae are compliments S. L. &amp; J. T. Collins, CNAH. The photograph of L. holbrooki (R) is compliments D. B. Shepard, CUNY-CSI." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/190598/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/190599/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/190600/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE6401623E0F8EBA00FF8F9" blockId="2.[151,600,1803,1903]" box="[151,371,1877,1903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Eastern Kingsnake</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34148A2FFE6401723E0F81FA3B7FEDA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE6401623E0F81FA0E9F82A" blockId="2.[151,1268,1953,2019]" box="[151,405,1953,1980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE6401623E0F81FA06EF82D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1953,1979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="54E0A58BFFE6401623E0F81FA072F82D" box="[151,270,1953,1979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE6401723B2F876A3B7FEDA" blockId="2.[151,1268,1953,2019]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,332]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE6401623B2F876A005F874" bold="true" box="[197,377,1992,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="54E0A58BFFE6401623B2F876A07EF874" box="[197,258,1992,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
Locality:
</emphasis>
‘Carolina’ (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE64016217FF877A3C7F875" author="Linnaeus, C." bookContentInfo="532 pp." box="[520,699,1993,2019]" journalOrPublisher="Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, Holmiae" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1766) Systema natur per regna tria natur, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio duodecima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, Holmiae, 532 pp." title="Systema natur per regna tria natur, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio duodecima, reformata" type="book" year="1766">Linnaeus 1766</bibRefCitation>
), restricted to Charleston, SC by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE640162737F877A588F875" author="Klauber, L. M." box="[1088,1268,1993,2019]" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 14" part="1" refString="Klauber, L. M. (1948) Some misapplications of the Linnaean names applied to American snakes. Copeia, 1, 1 - 14." title="Some misapplications of the Linnaean names applied to American snakes" type="journal article" year="1948">Klauber (1948)</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401723B2FF29A026FF27" bold="true" box="[197,346,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Etymology:</emphasis>
Specific epithet refers to the Getulian people of northern
<collectingCountry id="F34C5BB9FFE740172757FF26A5ECFF24" box="[1056,1168,152,178]" name="Morocco" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Morocco</collectingCountry>
, whose tribal insignia bears a resemblance to the ‘chain’ pattern of the kingsnakes of the Eastern Seaboard of the
<collectingCountry id="F34C5BB9FFE7401727B3FF00A418FF4E" box="[1220,1380,190,216]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">United States</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401723B2FF5BA02EFF69" bold="true" box="[197,338,229,255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Synonymy:</emphasis>
This species comprises the previously recognized subspecies
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE740172747FF5BA5D3FF68" box="[1072,1199,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
L. g
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE740172711FF5BA5D3FF68" box="[1126,1199,229,254]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="getula">getula</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401727C8FF5BA416FF68" box="[1215,1386,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. g. floridana</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401723E0FEB2A055FEB3" box="[151,297,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. g. meansi</emphasis>
, as well as the historically recognized subspecies
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401720F4FEB2A283FEB3" box="[899,1023,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. g. goini</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE74017274DFEB2A594FEB3" box="[1082,1256,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. g. sticticeps</emphasis>
. The nominate subspecies was first designated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE740172147FE8CA3BBFEDA" author="Cope, E. D." box="[560,711,306,332]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" pagination="10 - 11" part="1875" refString="Cope, E. D. (1875) The herpetology of Florida. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1875, 10 - 11." title="The herpetology of Florida" type="journal article" year="1875">Cope (1875)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF244BA1FFE7401723E0FA35A19CFA71" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190599/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[151,1435,390,1393]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE7401723E0FA35A19CFA71" blockId="3.[151,1437,1419,1512]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401723E0FA35A062FA35" bold="true" box="[151,286,1419,1443]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Range map of the five lineages recovered by Pyron &amp; Burbrink (2009
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE740172746FA35A541FA34" box="[1073,1085,1419,1442]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">c</emphasis>
), corresponding to five distinct species in North America. Note the zones of sympatry between
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE740172028FA10A28AFA53" box="[863,1014,1454,1477]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californiae">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE740172028FA10A28AFA53" box="[863,1014,1454,1477]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. californiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE74017275AFA10A5CAFA53" box="[1069,1206,1454,1477]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="splendida">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE74017275AFA10A5CAFA53" box="[1069,1206,1454,1477]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. splendida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE740172782FA10A433FA53" box="[1269,1359,1454,1477]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE740172782FA10A433FA53" box="[1269,1359,1454,1477]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE7401726F1FA10A1A6FA7E" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="getula">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401726F1FA10A1A6FA7E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. getula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34148A2FFE7401023B2F9A8A35BFEB0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE41B29FFE7401023B2F9A8A35BFEB0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1558,2009]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,294]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401723B2F9A8A03BF9A6" bold="true" box="[197,327,1558,1584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
The Eastern Kingsnake (
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE740172103F9A8A3A1F9B9" box="[628,733,1558,1583]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="getula">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE740172103F9A8A3A1F9B9" box="[628,733,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. getula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is a medium- to large-bodied constrictor, the largest in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE740172391F983A0FBF9C0" box="[230,391,1597,1622]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE740172391F983A0FBF9C0" box="[230,391,1597,1622]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Lampropeltis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a maximum total length of 208.3cm, though the average adult size range is
<quantity id="4CA3B6CCFFE740172618F982A19AF9EB" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" metricValueMax="1.22" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="106.0" valueMax="122.0" valueMin="90.0">90– 122cm</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE740172381F9DDA371F9EB" author="Conant, R. &amp; Collins, J. T." bookContentInfo="616 pp." box="[246,525,1635,1661]" journalOrPublisher="Houghton Mifflin, Boston" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" refString="Conant, R. &amp; Collins, J. T. (1998) Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, 3 rd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 616 pp." title="Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, 3 rd ed" type="book" year="1998">Conant &amp; Collins 1998</bibRefCitation>
). Scales are smooth, anal plate single, and individuals typically exhibit 19–25 scale rows at midbody. Ventral scales number
<quantity id="4CA3B6CCFFE7401721B4F934A21FF932" box="[707,867,1674,1700]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3721" metricValueMax="5.664199999999999" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="211.5" valueMax="223.0" valueMin="200.0">200 to 223 in</quantity>
both sexes, while subcaudals number
<quantity id="4CA3B6CCFFE740172645F934A4E0F932" box="[1330,1436,1674,1700]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3081" metricValueMax="1.4731999999999998" metricValueMin="1.143" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="51.5" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="45.0">45–58 in</quantity>
males and
<quantity id="4CA3B6CCFFE74017226FF90FA0FEF95D" box="[280,386,1713,1739]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1684" metricValueMax="1.3969999999999998" metricValueMin="0.9398" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="46.0" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="37.0">37–55 in</quantity>
females (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE74017228FF90FA3E4F95D" author="Blaney, R. M." box="[504,664,1713,1739]" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" pagination="47 - 104" part="19" refString="Blaney, R. M. (1977) Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19, 47 - 104." title="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus)" type="journal article" year="1977">Blaney 1977</bibRefCitation>
). The Eastern Kingsnake ranges from New
<collectingCountry id="F34C5BB9FFE7401727D1F90FA58DF95D" box="[1190,1265,1713,1739]" name="Jersey" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Jersey</collectingCountry>
to the Florida keys in the east, and west to the western panhandle of Florida and southeastern Alabama (
<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE7401727C3F969A580F967" box="[1204,1276,1751,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1419,1443]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,390,1393]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,390,1394]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Range map of the five lineages recovered by Pyron &amp; Burbrink (2009 c), corresponding to five distinct species in North America. Note the zones of sympatry between L. californiae and L. splendida, and L. nigra and L. getula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190599/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The species
<taxonomicName id="4C5B60AAFFE7401723E0F940A183F881" box="[151,255,1790,1815]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lampropeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="getula">
<emphasis id="B92FC73BFFE7401723E0F940A183F881" box="[151,255,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">L. getula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other related snakes primarily on the basis of color pattern, which can be divided into two primary variants. From northern Florida to New
<collectingCountry id="F34C5BB9FFE7401720AEF89AA55AF8A8" box="[985,1062,1828,1854]" name="Jersey" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Jersey</collectingCountry>
, individuals typically exhibit a dark brown or black ground color, which is punctuated by 17–36 narrow crossbands of white, yellow, or reddish yellow (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE740172220F8CCA088F81A" author="Blaney, R. M." box="[343,500,1906,1932]" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" pagination="47 - 104" part="19" refString="Blaney, R. M. (1977) Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19, 47 - 104." title="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus)" type="journal article" year="1977">Blaney 1977</bibRefCitation>
), giving the appearance of a ‘chain’ pattern (
<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE74017277AF8CCA52AF81A" box="[1037,1110,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,256,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Primary color pattern variants of five species of the Lampropeltis getula group. Many additional variants occur regionally; these are simply the primary color pattern classes of the five species. See Blaney (1977), Conant &amp; Collins (1998), Stebbins (2003), and Krysko &amp; Judd (2006) for more detailed descriptions of color pattern variation. Photograps of L. getula (R), L. nigra (R), L. holbrooki (L), and L. californiae are compliments S. L. &amp; J. T. Collins, CNAH. The photograph of L. holbrooki (R) is compliments D. B. Shepard, CUNY-CSI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190600/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). In peninsular Florida, the bands increase in both number (22–54) and width, and the ground color lightens considerably to a light brown color with yellow stippling (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE740172295F801A3B3F84F" author="Blaney, R. M." box="[482,719,1983,2009]" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" pagination="47 - 104" part="19" refString="Blaney, R. M. (1977) Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19, 47 - 104." title="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus)" type="journal article" year="1977">
Blaney 1977;
<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE7401721FFF801A3B3F84F" box="[648,719,1983,2009]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,256,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Primary color pattern variants of five species of the Lampropeltis getula group. Many additional variants occur regionally; these are simply the primary color pattern classes of the five species. See Blaney (1977), Conant &amp; Collins (1998), Stebbins (2003), and Krysko &amp; Judd (2006) for more detailed descriptions of color pattern variation. Photograps of L. getula (R), L. nigra (R), L. holbrooki (L), and L. californiae are compliments S. L. &amp; J. T. Collins, CNAH. The photograph of L. holbrooki (R) is compliments D. B. Shepard, CUNY-CSI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190600/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
). Isolated populations of other aberrant color pattern variants can be found in the panhandle of Florida (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE040102109FF26A205FF24" author="Krysko, K. L. &amp; Judd, W. S." box="[638,889,152,178]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 39" part="1193" refString="Krysko, K. L. &amp; Judd, W. S. (2006) Morphological systematics of kingsnakes, Lampropeltis getula complex (Serpentes: Colubridae), in the eastern United States. Zootaxa, 1193, 1 - 39." title="Morphological systematics of kingsnakes, Lampropeltis getula complex (Serpentes: Colubridae), in the eastern United States" type="journal article" year="2006">Krysko &amp; Judd 2006</bibRefCitation>
). The shift between the Eastern Kingsnake and the Mississippi lineage is fairly abrupt, and previous authors have noted the narrow transition zone and apparent lack of morphological intermediacy in southern Alabama and central
<collectingCountry id="F34C5BB9FFE040102749FF5BA5E0FF69" box="[1086,1180,229,255]" name="Georgia" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Georgia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE0401027D9FF5BA58AFF69" box="[1198,1270,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,257,1419,1443]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,390,1393]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,390,1394]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Range map of the five lineages recovered by Pyron &amp; Burbrink (2009 c), corresponding to five distinct species in North America. Note the zones of sympatry between L. californiae and L. splendida, and L. nigra and L. getula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136007ACFFE040102673FF5BA469FF69" box="[1284,1301,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,256,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,197,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Primary color pattern variants of five species of the Lampropeltis getula group. Many additional variants occur regionally; these are simply the primary color pattern classes of the five species. See Blaney (1977), Conant &amp; Collins (1998), Stebbins (2003), and Krysko &amp; Judd (2006) for more detailed descriptions of color pattern variation. Photograps of L. getula (R), L. nigra (R), L. holbrooki (L), and L. californiae are compliments S. L. &amp; J. T. Collins, CNAH. The photograph of L. holbrooki (R) is compliments D. B. Shepard, CUNY-CSI." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190600/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">3</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE040102654FF5BA1A9FEB0" author="Blanchard, F. N." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States National Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 260" part="114" refString="Blanchard, F. N. (1921) A revision of the king snakes, genus Lampropeltis. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 114, 1 - 260." title="A revision of the king snakes, genus Lampropeltis" type="journal article" year="1921">Blanchard 1921</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE040102396FEB2A005FEB0" author="Blaney, R. M." box="[225,377,268,294]" journalOrPublisher="Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" pagination="47 - 104" part="19" refString="Blaney, R. M. (1977) Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 19, 47 - 104." title="Systematics of the Common Kingsnake, Lampropeltis getulus (Linnaeus)" type="journal article" year="1977">Blaney 1977</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA66D8FFE0401022F2FEB2A365FEB0" author="Mount, R. H." bookContentInfo="368 pp." box="[389,537,268,294]" journalOrPublisher="Auburn University Press, Auburn" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Mount, R. H. (1980) The reptiles and amphibians of Alabama. Auburn University Press, Auburn, 368 pp." title="The reptiles and amphibians of Alabama" type="book" year="1980">Mount 1980</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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