201 lines
22 KiB
XML
201 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="6A59D4A5D0FB55E3BE23D9260D63CB1C">
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<mods:title id="7C6225C35595D2DE40696FF492A79EAD">Echimyidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="56FD8920153450ABD9835AAC63BDFA3D">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F7F2D3FE7B5D135530FDA5F7B53EB006">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="630E316A8C0BF17FFCA8A71E0755AF96">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="B74896B1D0C48D36B61FDCD78D7E81F8">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="04680C20AAAABE8B080783F415ABB4F9" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="F956967F62822D10C733507DEE147012">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="988E16F44D2EA2229EAAA2789A3A107B">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="36A7A8E6BA1B3815B73F3F44550B5B88">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C5A071FFCEFFFDFA7652905EB1FAB0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6624368" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195810068" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6624368" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C5A071FFCEFFFDFA7652905EB1FAB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5A071FFCEFFFDFA7652905EB1FAB0" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="588" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFAFA7652905C62F553" box="[1482,1539,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAFA7652905C62F553" blockId="35.[1479,2467,2713,2842]" box="[1482,1539,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCEFFFAFA7652905C62F553" box="[1482,1539,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<figureCitation id="13570DE2FFCEFFFAFA7652905C62F553" box="[1482,1539,2713,2759]" captionStart="Plate 35: Echimyidae" captionStartId="8.[107,137,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[14,2758,14,3643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="12. Broad-headed Spiny-rat (Clyomys laticeps), 13. Guiara (Euryzygomatomys spinosus), 14. White-spined Spiny-rat (Irinomys albispinus), 15. Elias’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys eliasi), 16. Rigid-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys paratus), 17. Yonenaga’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys yonenagae), 18. Elegant-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys setosus), 19. Moojen’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys moojeni), 20. Pau Brasil Spiny-rat (Trinomys mirapitanga), 21. Rio de Janeiro Spiny-rat (Trinomys dimidiatus), 22. Sao Paulo Spiny-rat (Trinomys thering), 23. Gracile Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys gratiosus), 24. Sao Lourenco Punare (Thrichomys laurentius), 25. Jacobina Punare (Thrichomys inermis), 26. Lagoa Santa Punare (Thrichomys apereoides), 27. Pantanal Punare (Thrichomys pachyurus), 28. Foster’s Punare (Thrichomys fosteri), 29. Painted Tree-rat (Callistomys pictus), 30. Coypu (Myocastor coypus), 31. Armored Rat (Hoplomys gymnurus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623784/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">69.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFAF9AD52905D8DF553" box="[1553,2028,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAF9AD52905D8DF553" blockId="35.[1479,2467,2713,2842]" box="[1553,2028,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCEFFFAF9AD52905D8DF553" box="[1553,2028,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCEFFFAF9AD52905D8DF553" box="[1553,2028,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">White-tailed Olalla Rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFAF798529053C3F553" box="[2084,2466,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAF798529053C3F553" blockId="35.[1479,2467,2713,2842]" box="[2084,2466,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCEFFFAF798529053C3F553" box="[2084,2466,2713,2759]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCEFFFAF798529053C3F553" ID-CoL="492G2" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[2084,2466,2713,2759]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Olallamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albicauda">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCEFFFAF798529053C3F553" box="[2084,2466,2713,2759]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Olallamys albicauda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFAFA7552D05262F482" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAFA7552D053FAF57A" blockId="35.[1479,2467,2713,2842]" box="[1481,2459,2777,2798]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCEFFFAFA7552D053FAF57A" box="[1481,2459,2777,2798]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCEFFFAFA7552D05C74F57A" bold="true" box="[1481,1557,2777,2798]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCEFFFAF9A252D05D5CF57A" box="[1566,1853,2777,2798]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Rat-épineux a queue blanche</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCEFFFAF8EF52D05DCFF57A" bold="true" box="[1875,1966,2777,2798]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCEFFFAF80B52D05249F57A" box="[1975,2088,2777,2798]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Olalla-Ratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCEFFFAF78152D052ADF57A" authority=": Rata" authorityName="Rata" box="[2109,2252,2777,2798]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Spanish" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCEFFFAF78152D052F9F57A" bold="true" box="[2109,2200,2777,2798]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCEFFFAF71E52D052ADF57A" box="[2210,2252,2777,2798]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Rata</vernacularName>
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</taxonomicName>
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olalla de cola blanca
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAFA7553085262F482" blockId="35.[1479,2467,2713,2842]" box="[1481,2051,2817,2838]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFCEFFFAFA7553085262F482" box="[1481,2051,2817,2838]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCEFFFAFA7553085CDEF482" bold="true" box="[1481,1727,2817,2838]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFCEFFFAF97553085262F482" box="[1737,2051,2817,2838]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Colombian Soft-furred Spiny-rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFAF79053455217F418" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAF79053455217F418" blockId="35.[2092,2685,2892,3310]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCEFFFAF790534552A6F4F1" bold="true" box="[2092,2247,2892,2917]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCEFFFAF76953455210F418" authority="Gunther, 1879" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1879" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Thrinacodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albicauda">Thrinacodus albicauda Gunther, 1879</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFAF73153665024F420" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAF73153665024F420" blockId="35.[2092,2685,2892,3310]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<materialsCitation id="3B041B3AFFCEFFFAF73153665024F420" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3866002302" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">“vicinity of Medellin, Colombian Confederation,” Antioquia, Colombia.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFAF79153B052C0F334" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAF79153B052C0F334" blockId="35.[2092,2685,2892,3310]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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L. H. Emmons replaced Gunther’s Thrinacodus with
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCEFFFAF77C53E8535CF396" authorityName="Emmons" authorityYear="1988" box="[2240,2365,3041,3074]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Olallamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Olallamys</taxonomicName>
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in 1988 after recognizing that Gunther’s genus group name was a homonym of an earlier described genus of cartilaginous fish. Two subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFAF79054AC5347F2A8" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF1341EFFFCEFFFAF79054AC5347F2A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623826" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623826/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" startId="35.[2092,2246,3237,3270]" targetBox="[1478,2069,2893,3307]" targetPageId="35">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAF79054AC53DAF352" blockId="35.[2092,2685,2892,3310]" box="[2092,2491,3237,3270]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCEFFFAF79054AC53DAF352" bold="true" box="[2092,2491,3237,3270]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAF79354C45C9CF280" blockId="35.[2092,2685,2892,3310]" lastBlockId="35.[1479,2681,3315,3467]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCEFFFAF79354C453B6F37A" authority="Gunther, 1879" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1879" box="[2095,2519,3277,3310]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Thrinacodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albicauda">O. a. albicauda Gunther, 1879</taxonomicName>
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— E Andes Range in C Colombia.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFAFA7755125347F2A8" blockId="35.[1479,2681,3315,3467]" box="[1483,2342,3355,3388]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFCEFFFAFA7755125D0FF2A8" authority=". A. Allen, 1914" authorityName=". A. Allen" authorityYear="1914" box="[1483,1902,3355,3388]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Olallamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="albicauda" subSpecies="apolinarij">O. a. apolinariJ. A. Allen, 1914</taxonomicName>
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— C Andes Range in Colombia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFCEFFFDFA7B554A5EF1FD40" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="588" pageId="35" pageNumber="587" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFCEFFFDFA7B554A5EF1FD40" blockId="35.[1479,2681,3315,3467]" lastBlockId="36.[95,1305,302,1317]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="588" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFCEFFFAFA7B554A5CA5F2F0" bold="true" box="[1479,1732,3395,3428]" pageId="35" pageNumber="587">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 150-180 mm, tail 255-260 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The White-tailed Olalla Rat is arboreal, with soft fur and without spines or bristles, smaller than its congener the Greedy Olalla Rat (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFB2759385F66FEDE" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[1179,1287,305,330]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Olallamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="edax">O. edax</taxonomicName>
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). Dorsal pelt is shaded with reddish and brownish hues; belly is pure yellowish and contrasts slightly with dorsum. Tail is ¢.160% of head-body length, sparsely furred, and longitudinally bicolored, with proximal end reddish brown and distally white. Compared with species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFE2C59CF587CFE73" authorityName="I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1838" box="[400,541,454,487]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Dactylomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dactylomys</taxonomicName>
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and the Atlantic Bamboo Rat (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFC6D59CF5EFCFE73" authorityName="Jentink" authorityYear="1891" box="[977,1181,454,487]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Kannabateomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Kannabateomys</taxonomicName>
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amblyonyx), forefeet and hindfeet have claws instead of nails, except for presence of asymmetrical nail on digit two of hindfeet. Compared with other dactylomyinae members, both species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFF415A355B1BFDC9" authorityName="Emmons" authorityYear="1988" box="[253,378,572,605]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Olallamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Olallamys</taxonomicName>
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have smaller crania and distinct cheekteeth with well-separated lophs and lophids on molars, due to junction between flexus and flexid. Species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFFD95A825A83FD38" authorityName="Emmons" authorityYear="1988" box="[101,226,651,684]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Olallamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Olallamys</taxonomicName>
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share anteriorly convergent upper tooth rows with species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFBF85A825EB0FD38" authorityName="I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1838" box="[1092,1233,651,684]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Dactylomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dactylomys</taxonomicName>
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, and both genera are distinguished from the Atlantic Bamboo Rat by this feature.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC9FFFDFFDE5AD35E91FCE5" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC9FFFDFFDE5AD35E91FCE5" blockId="36.[95,1305,302,1317]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC9FFFDFFDE5AD35AAEFD6F" bold="true" box="[98,207,730,763]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Bamboo patches in primary montane rainforest of the Central and Eastern Andes Range in Colombia at elevations of 2300-3300 m. The White-tailed Olalla Rat likely also occupies disturbed forests where bamboo thickets (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFCEB5B205E60FCDE" box="[855,1025,809,842]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">Chusquea sp.</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFBAC5B205EE0FCDE" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[1040,1153,809,842]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are abundant, based on its presence in scats of the Crab-eating Fox (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFC2B5B595E71FCE5" authorityName="C. E. H. Smith" authorityYear="1839" box="[919,1040,848,881]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" genus="Cerdocyon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cerdocyon</taxonomicName>
|
||
thous,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC9FFFDFBD75B595E83FCE5" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1817" box="[1131,1250,848,881]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Canidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC9FFFDFFDE5B715E47FC0D" box="[98,1062,888,921]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC9FFFDFFDE5B715E47FC0D" blockId="36.[95,1305,302,1317]" box="[98,1062,888,921]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC9FFFDFFDE5B715B06FC0D" bold="true" box="[98,359,888,921]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no information available for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC9FFFDFFDE5B9659C6FC54" box="[98,935,927,960]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC9FFFDFFDE5B9659C6FC54" blockId="36.[95,1305,302,1317]" box="[98,935,927,960]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC9FFFDFFDE5B965A89FC54" bold="true" box="[98,232,927,960]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no information available for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC9FFFDFFDC5BCE58BDFB9B" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC9FFFDFFDC5BCE58BDFB9B" blockId="36.[95,1305,302,1317]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC9FFFDFFDC5BCE5B2EFC7C" bold="true" box="[96,335,967,1000]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information available for this species, but the White-tailed Olalla Rat is probably nocturnal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC9FFFDFFDE5C1C5B57FBCA" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC9FFFDFFDE5C1C5B57FBCA" blockId="36.[95,1305,302,1317]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC9FFFDFFDE5C1C5948FBA2" bold="true" box="[98,809,1045,1078]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no information available for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC9FFFDFFDE5C615AB0FB40" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC9FFFDFFDE5C615AB0FB40" blockId="36.[95,1305,302,1317]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC9FFFDFFDE5C615BA0FB11" bold="true" box="[98,449,1128,1157]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Additional ecological studies of the White-tailed Olalla Rat—a rare mountain endemic—are needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC9FFFDFFDF5CEA5EB1FAB0" pageId="36" pageNumber="588" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC9FFFDFFDF5CEA5EB1FAB0" blockId="36.[95,1305,302,1317]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC9FFFDFFDF5CEA5A99FB68" bold="true" box="[99,248,1251,1276]" pageId="36" pageNumber="588">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Allen (1914a), Cabrera (1961), Delgado (2009), Delgado & Zurc (2005), Eisenberg (1989), Emmons (1988, 1990, 1997a, 2005), Gunther (1877a), Patton et al. (2015), Woods (1993), Woods & Kilpatrick (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |