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<document id="FC8BB6A57AFFB9EC5348C7EA94377A4F" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2025.976.2771" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14603819" ID-ZooBank="4E810C5C-B478-4CDC-8AD3-9B4E65B518C4" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1736153986991" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Reategui, Natália S., Rafael, José A. &amp; da Silva-Neto, Alberto M." docDate="2025" docId="03AE802CFFFBFFB3FDBFFE24A328FA56" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2025.976.1-32.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 976" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2771/12673" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Neurostigma spinosum Reategui, Rafael &amp; Silva-Neto, 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FF97F854FFEBFFA0FFE2FFF6A214FF90" masterDocTitle="Neurostigma Enderlein, 1900 (Psocodea: ‘ Psocoptera’: Epipsocidae) from Brazilian Amazon Rainforest: new species and variations in forewings" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1737634574037" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="D22124AE83B2A5686962AB1967E77FF8">Neurostigma Enderlein, 1900 (Psocodea: ‘ Psocoptera’: Epipsocidae) from Brazilian Amazon Rainforest: new species and variations in forewings</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="22A490593CB3ACF76953EBB1FB5620A4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D4A2F265C0EA398B1B912230E01C70A3">
<mods:roleTerm id="C9645AD39B85177155AB0845CB782705">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="678C10DAFA3938E9F26A64DDEB4EE8F7">Reategui, Natália S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5A6F62FC3FC4F9DC06244DC110789EAF" type="LSID">01D8F890-075B-49B2-9479-979E425BCB20</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4F77855A22BE903A0E8D4D6C695AF547">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, CPEN - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Campus II, Caixa postal 478, CEP 69011 - 97, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="63987BF3163157B69F4F5B45BE37ADC4" type="email">n.s.reategui@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="633F59AB437B04E540CC53E30F074AF1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3735904EEF7C90EBB2BB060EE8DC88E3">
<mods:roleTerm id="D95AA8FDBF1ADC4488A0F896C708CA4A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F43E7F9EF1909C492244C4445A9050DC">Rafael, José A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E0F6074E5116248556A03C6EA0ACA772" type="LSID">947EF9B2-FBB4-4618-9695-156C82C462D0</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0EADB0EE4CD60203C3F5A7FE47561DCB">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, CPEN - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Campus II, Caixa postal 478, CEP 69011 - 97, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FFDDC84069482C159BFBFBE9FD2796E7" type="email">jarafael@inpa.gov.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F1247F36F651C34DEF5E5F76F00D347B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EE1EEA66C4D8F4A5EFF841C6EC899AFB">
<mods:roleTerm id="90D1E4C067A09C085D7BEF774594A323">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E871AC006594AEC4547DE66BEB4E4F17">da Silva-Neto, Alberto M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0CA10A7DA5E74B8804171CF5DD11C272" type="LSID">816780D9-A6CD-4EF5-85EC-1B1333E0B210</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B26D0E3448A68B09629010FE719CCDD7">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, CPEN - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Campus II, Caixa postal 478, CEP 69011 - 97, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B0ABA058109BD163D5B7BAE6C65E57F2" type="email">bio.alberto@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="5E2D776744A16177FAC1D24B30DB7BA5">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="244A3AF5EE1B6BE4E71E53AF73E2AAF7">
<mods:date id="3060775598026CD8553F52E13307414E">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="90FF6420D0C1C71CB857FB40F4CFEA27">2025-01-03</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6CE6546C49F1EE7DB8E5A4C88CD29C50">976</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03AE802CFFFBFFB3FDBFFE24A328FA56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603841" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14603841" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE802CFFFBFFB3FDBFFE24A328FA56" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE802CFFFBFFB3FDBFFE24A328FA56" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection id="C31D62B1FFFBFFB0FDBFFE24A1C3FE7D" box="[605,983,466,493]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FDBFFE24A1C3FE7D" blockId="16.[362,1226,466,563]" box="[605,983,466,493]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0F08656FFFBFFB0FDBFFE24A1C3FE7D" box="[605,983,466,493]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFFBFFB0FDBFFE24A161FE7C" authorityName="Reategui &amp; Rafael &amp; da Silva-Neto" authorityYear="2025" box="[605,885,466,492]" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FDBFFE24A161FE7C" bold="true" box="[605,885,466,492]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Neurostigma spinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2405053FFFBFFB0FC9EFE25A1C3FE7D" box="[892,983,467,493]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D62B1FFFBFFB0FE88FE03A165FDA3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FD20FDEFA165FDA3" blockId="16.[362,1226,466,563]" box="[706,881,537,563]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FD20FDEFA15CFDA3" box="[706,840,537,563]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionStartId-1="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" captionStartId-2="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-3="19.[189,232,1011,1037]" captionTargetBox-0="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetBox-1="[201,1392,299,1154]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1398,1447,1881]" captionTargetBox-3="[215,1326,276,951]" captionTargetId-0="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetId-1="figure-14@18.[189,1398,265,1230]" captionTargetId-2="figure-55@18.[189,1398,1428,1916]" captionTargetId-3="figure-285@19.[189,1398,262,972]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionText-0="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." captionText-1="Fig. 15. Mouthparts of Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Labrum. B. Labium. C. Right mandible. D. Left mandible. E. Right lacinia. F. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm." captionText-2="Fig. 16. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right forewing. B. Left forewing. C. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm." captionText-3="Fig. 17. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right paraproct and epiproct. B. Phallosome. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603865" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/14603865/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 14–17</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FCB6FDEFA165FDA3" box="[852,881,537,563]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="23.[189,232,2008,2034]" captionTargetBox="[311,1276,1285,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-12@23.[311,1276,1285,1967]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Fig. 22. Geographic distribution of all known species of Neurostigma Enderlein, 1900." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603877" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603877/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">22</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D62B1FFFBFFB0FF5FFDACA10BFC09" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF5FFDACA322FDE4" blockId="16.[189,310,602,628]" box="[189,310,602,628]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0F08656FFFBFFB0FF5FFDACA322FDE4" bold="true" box="[189,310,602,628]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FF5FFDACA322FDE4" bold="true" box="[189,310,602,628]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF5FFD7FA10BFC09" blockId="16.[188,1399,649,922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
The new species belongs in species group II of Mendivil-Nieto
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FC7EFD7FA1C3FD33" box="[924,983,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
(2020). It is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFFBFFB0FB3DFD7FA322FD56" authorityName="Reategui &amp; Rafael &amp; da Silva-Neto" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willkeniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FB3DFD7FA322FD56" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Neurostigma willkeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2405053FFFBFFB0FEDFFD5AA38EFD56" box="[317,410,684,710]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFFBFFB0FE47FD5BA025FD56" authorityName="Gonzalez-Obando, Carrejo-Gironza, Mendivil-Nieto &amp; Garcia Aldrete" authorityYear="2021" box="[421,561,684,710]" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lienhardi">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FE47FD5BA025FD56" box="[421,561,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">N. lienhardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFFBFFB0FD90FD5BA115FD56" authorityName="Gonzalez-Obando, Carrejo-Gironza, Mendivil-Nieto &amp; Garcia Aldrete" authorityYear="2021" box="[626,769,684,710]" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thorntoni">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FD90FD5BA115FD56" box="[626,769,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">N. thorntoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having anchor-shaped spines in the endophallus. It is closer to
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFFBFFB0FEDDFD26A3D9FD79" authorityName="Gonzalez-Obando, Carrejo-Gironza, Mendivil-Nieto &amp; Garcia Aldrete" authorityYear="2021" box="[319,461,719,745]" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thorntoni">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FEDDFD26A3D9FD79" box="[319,461,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">N. thorntoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the venation of the forewing but differs in that it does not have a spot between the CuP veins and the A vein. The areola postica has Cua
<subScript id="1783337FFFFBFFB0FCB4FCF3A14BFC83" attach="left" box="[854,863,773,787]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">1</subScript>
touching wing margin at a parallel point after the second bifurcation of vein M (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FDB2FCE3A0F5FCBF" box="[592,737,789,815]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-55@18.[189,1398,1428,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 16. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right forewing. B. Left forewing. C. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 16A–B</figureCitation>
); the phalossome has a subquadrate posterior process of the aedeagal arch with an abrupt indentation of the external margin; the endophallus has the median region deeply septate with a V-shaped indentation, laterally membranous with seven distinct rows of spines, separated by a membranous area (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FD44FC89A105FC09" box="[678,785,895,921]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1011,1037]" captionTargetBox="[215,1326,276,951]" captionTargetId="figure-285@19.[189,1398,262,972]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 17. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right paraproct and epiproct. B. Phallosome. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603865/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D62B1FFFBFFB0FF5FFC37A3B3FBBC" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF5FFC37A350FC4B" blockId="16.[189,324,961,987]" box="[189,324,961,987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0F08656FFFBFFB0FF5FFC37A350FC4B" bold="true" box="[189,324,961,987]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FF5FFC37A350FC4B" bold="true" box="[189,324,961,987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF5FFC19A3B3FBBC" blockId="16.[189,1398,1007,1068]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
The specific name is a latin word ‘
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FDB1FC06A0B4FB99" box="[595,672,1008,1033]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">spinae</emphasis>
’ = ‘thorns’, in reference to the endophallus of the phallosoma being full of spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D62B1FFFBFFB0FF5FFBA2A61CFB73" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF5FFBA2A378FBFD" blockId="16.[189,364,1107,1134]" box="[189,364,1107,1134]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0F08656FFFBFFB0FF5FFBA2A378FBFD" bold="true" box="[189,364,1107,1134]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FF5FFBA2A378FBFD" bold="true" box="[189,364,1107,1134]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF08FB74A61CFB73" blockId="16.[189,1399,1154,1251]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<materialsCitation id="3B6F3B67FFFBFFB0FF08FB74A61CFB73" collectingDate="1990-09-07" collectingDateMax="1990-09-16" collectingDateMin="1990-09-07" collectingMethod="Pennsylvania trap" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="P. F. Buhrnhein" country="Brazil" county="Locacao Sao Marcus" latitude="-4.806667" location="Locacao Sao Marcus" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-65.66833" municipality="Tefe" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="INPA-PSO 000037" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Amazonas" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FF08FB74A348FB0C" bold="true" box="[234,348,1154,1180]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<typeStatus id="54BC8F98FFFBFFB0FF08FB74A348FB0C" box="[234,348,1154,1180]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F31071AAFFFBFFB0FF5FFB50A332FB50" box="[189,294,1190,1216]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D01FAB3FFFBFFB0FEAAFB50A375FB50" box="[328,353,1190,1216]" count="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="49C3FFD8FFFBFFB0FE92FB50A3FBFB50" box="[368,495,1190,1216]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDCAB40FFFBFFB0FE1CFB53A021FB2F" box="[510,565,1189,1215]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tefé</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ED867E1FFFBFFB0FDA7FB50A15CFB50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE802CFFFBFFB3FDBFFE24A328FA56:8ED867E1FFFBFFB0FDA7FB50A15CFB50" box="[581,840,1189,1216]" country="Brazil" county="Locacao Sao Marcus" latitude="-4.806667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-65.66833" municipality="Tefe" name="Locacao Sao Marcus" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Amazonas">Locação São Marcus</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE3357FDFFFBFFB0FCBAFB52A1F8FB2F" box="[856,1004,1188,1216]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-4.806667">04°48′24″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3357FDFFFBFFB0FC1CFB52A689FB50" box="[1022,1181,1188,1216]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-65.66833">65°40′06″ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FFB917FAFFFBFFB0FB4CFB53A766FB2F" box="[1198,1394,1189,1215]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1990-09-07" valueMax="1990-09-16" valueMin="1990-09-07">
<collectingDate id="EFFDEE12FFFBFFB0FB4CFB53A766FB2F" box="[1198,1394,1189,1215]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1990-09-07" valueMax="1990-09-16" valueMin="1990-09-07">7–16 Sep. 1990</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26F254ECFFFBFFB0FF5FFB3FA37EFB72" box="[189,362,1224,1251]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P.F. Buhrnhein</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FE93FB3FA3B8FB72" box="[369,428,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
leg.;
<collectingMethod id="5246492DFFFBFFB0FE0CFB3EA0D7FB73" box="[494,707,1224,1251]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pennsylvania trap</collectingMethod>
;
<collectionCode id="ED16A9FFFFFBFFB0FD2DFB3FA100FB73" box="[719,788,1225,1251]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">INPA</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBA19941FFFBFFB0FCFDFB3FA610FB73" box="[799,1028,1225,1251]" collectionCode="INPA-PSO" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">INPA-PSO 000037</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D62B1FFFBFFB3FF5FFAFCA328FA56" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF5FFAFCA35AFAB4" blockId="16.[189,334,1290,1316]" box="[189,334,1290,1316]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0F08656FFFBFFB0FF5FFAFCA35AFAB4" bold="true" box="[189,334,1290,1316]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FF5FFAFCA35AFAB4" bold="true" box="[189,334,1290,1316]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF08FACFA33EFAC3" blockId="16.[189,1400,1337,1715]" box="[234,298,1337,1363]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFBFFB0FF08FACFA33EFAC3" bold="true" box="[234,298,1337,1363]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB0FF5FFAAAA16AF923" blockId="16.[189,1400,1337,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5EA7E6FFFBFFB0FF5FFAAAA35CFAE4" baselines="1391,1391" box="[189,328,1372,1398]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Coloration" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">COLORATION</smallCapsWord>
. Head uniformly pale yellow (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FD46FAAAA125FAE6" box="[676,817,1372,1398]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14A–C</figureCitation>
), lateral areas of head light yellow, compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline with ochre centripetal crescents (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FCDBFA89A1DDFA09" box="[825,969,1407,1433]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14D–E</figureCitation>
). Scapes, pedicels and flagellomeres hyaline. Clypeus light yellow; labrum hyaline, with dark brown labral sclerites (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FB78FA54A71FFA2D" box="[1178,1291,1442,1469]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" captionTargetBox="[201,1392,299,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-14@18.[189,1398,265,1230]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 15. Mouthparts of Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Labrum. B. Labium. C. Right mandible. D. Left mandible. E. Right lacinia. F. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
), labium with prementum, labial palpi, paraglossas and glossas light brown (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FC3DFA33A65EFA70" box="[991,1098,1477,1504]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" captionTargetBox="[201,1392,299,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-14@18.[189,1398,265,1230]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 15. Mouthparts of Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Labrum. B. Labium. C. Right mandible. D. Left mandible. E. Right lacinia. F. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
); mandibles hyaline with yellowish and brownish ends (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FDC6FA1EA0A0F993" box="[548,692,1512,1539]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" captionTargetBox="[201,1392,299,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-14@18.[189,1398,265,1230]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 15. Mouthparts of Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Labrum. B. Labium. C. Right mandible. D. Left mandible. E. Right lacinia. F. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 15C–D</figureCitation>
); laciniae hyaline with yellowish distal region (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FB03FA1EA77FF993" box="[1249,1387,1512,1539]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" captionTargetBox="[201,1392,299,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-14@18.[189,1398,265,1230]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 15. Mouthparts of Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Labrum. B. Labium. C. Right mandible. D. Left mandible. E. Right lacinia. F. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 15E–F</figureCitation>
). Tergal lobes of mesothorax hyaline, tergal lobes of metathorax dark brown (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FBA6F9FAA6A4F9B6" box="[1092,1200,1548,1574]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
), thoracic pleura hyaline (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FEC4F9D9A387F9D9" box="[294,403,1583,1609]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
). Forewings with two rounded brown spots, one in medial region between CuP and M+Cu veins, another in proximal region of bifurcation that originates M and CuA veins, dark brown spot running through R1 vein (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FDD3F983A0D5F91F" box="[561,705,1653,1679]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-55@18.[189,1398,1428,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 16. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right forewing. B. Left forewing. C. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 16A–B</figureCitation>
). Hindwing with brownish spot in basal region between A vein and CuP vein (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FE46F96EA004F922" box="[420,528,1688,1714]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-55@18.[189,1398,1428,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 16. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right forewing. B. Left forewing. C. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
). Abdomen hyaline (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FCE6F96EA165F923" box="[772,881,1688,1715]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFBFFB3FF5FF92CA636FAF2" blockId="16.[188,1400,1754,1991]" lastBlockId="19.[187,1401,1140,1378]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5EA7E6FFFBFFB0FF5FF92CA343F962" baselines="1773,1773" box="[189,343,1754,1780]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Morphology" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MORPHOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. Head with macrosetae, more concentrated on vertex (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FC36F92CA670F964" box="[980,1124,1754,1780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14A–B</figureCitation>
); compound eyes large, widely separated, laterally rounded in shape (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FD30F90BA174F887" box="[722,864,1789,1815]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14D–E</figureCitation>
), vertex bilobed, approximately at same level as upper edge of compound eyes (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FDA5F8D6A0C1F8AA" box="[583,725,1824,1850]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14D–E</figureCitation>
). Labium with prementum narrow, labial palpi with round shape, paraglossa with round shape, slender glossa (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FCCBF8B5A181F8CE" box="[809,917,1859,1886]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" captionTargetBox="[201,1392,299,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-14@18.[189,1398,265,1230]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 15. Mouthparts of Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Labrum. B. Labium. C. Right mandible. D. Left mandible. E. Right lacinia. F. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
). Mandibles asymmetrical, elongate and with outer margin angled (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FDE6F891A083F812" box="[516,663,1895,1922]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" captionTargetBox="[201,1392,299,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-14@18.[189,1398,265,1230]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 15. Mouthparts of Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Labrum. B. Labium. C. Right mandible. D. Left mandible. E. Right lacinia. F. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 15C–D</figureCitation>
), outer cusp of lacinial tip broad, with eight to ten denticles (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FF24F87CA346F835" box="[198,338,1930,1957]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" captionTargetBox="[201,1392,299,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-14@18.[189,1398,265,1230]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 15. Mouthparts of Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Labrum. B. Labium. C. Right mandible. D. Left mandible. E. Right lacinia. F. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 15E–F</figureCitation>
). Tergal lobes with setae (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FD6FF87CA0EFF834" box="[653,763,1930,1956]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-12@17.[207,1380,265,1876]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 14. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Lateral view. B. Thorax and head in lateral view. C. Thorax and head in dorsal view. D. Front view of head. E. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
). Forewings with many setae, especially on margins, right forewing pterostigma with four crossveins (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFFBFFB0FCE7F85BA164F857" box="[773,880,1965,1991]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-55@18.[189,1398,1428,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 16. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right forewing. B. Left forewing. C. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
), left wing pterostigma with five crossveins (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFF8FFB3FF24FB82A327FB1E" box="[198,307,1140,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-55@18.[189,1398,1428,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 16. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right forewing. B. Left forewing. C. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
). M vein before its firts bifurcation gently concave U-shaped (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFF8FFB3FBFFFB82A6BBFB1E" box="[1053,1199,1140,1166]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-55@18.[189,1398,1428,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 16. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right forewing. B. Left forewing. C. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 16A–B</figureCitation>
). Hindwing with sinuous R
<subScript id="1783337FFFF8FFB3FECDFB5CA35EFB28" attach="left" box="[303,330,1194,1208]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">2+3</subScript>
and straight R
<subScript id="1783337FFFF8FFB3FE12FB5CA01FFB28" attach="left" box="[496,523,1194,1208]" fontSize="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">4+5</subScript>
, M sinuous (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFF8FFB3FD7CFB61A11CFB21" box="[670,776,1175,1201]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-55@18.[189,1398,1428,1916]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 16. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right forewing. B. Left forewing. C. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
). Posterior process of aedeagal arch subquadrate, with abrupt indentation of external margin; endophallus with median region deeply septate with V-shaped indentation, laterally membranous with seven distinct rows of spines, separated by membranous area (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFF8FFB3FF2AFAF7A324FA8B" box="[200,304,1281,1307]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1011,1037]" captionTargetBox="[215,1326,276,951]" captionTargetId="figure-285@19.[189,1398,262,972]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 17. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right paraproct and epiproct. B. Phallosome. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603865/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
). Epiproct with concave posterior margin, with slightly angulated sides, field of microsetae in medial and distal region (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFF8FFB3FE01FAD2A05BFAAE" box="[483,591,1316,1342]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1011,1037]" captionTargetBox="[215,1326,276,951]" captionTargetId="figure-285@19.[189,1398,262,972]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 17. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right paraproct and epiproct. B. Phallosome. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603865/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
). Paraproct with narrow base, widening distally, with microsetae field towards outer margin, sensory fields with 30–37 basal rosettes (
<figureCitation id="133C2DBFFFF8FFB3FC45FAB1A601FAF2" box="[935,1045,1351,1378]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1011,1037]" captionTargetBox="[215,1326,276,951]" captionTargetId="figure-285@19.[189,1398,262,972]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 17. Neurostigma spinosum sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037). A. Right paraproct and epiproct. B. Phallosome. Scale bars in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603865/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7861B2FFFAFFB1FF5FF87EA3C2F879" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603859" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14603859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603859/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[207,1380,282,1835]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFFAFFB1FF5FF87EA3C2F879" blockId="17.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFAFFB1FF5FF87EA30FF832" bold="true" box="[189,283,1928,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFFAFFB1FEC1F87FA024F832" authorityName="Reategui &amp; Rafael &amp; da Silva-Neto" authorityYear="2025" box="[291,560,1929,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFAFFB1FEC1F87FA024F832" box="[291,560,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Neurostigma spinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2405053FFFAFFB1FDDAF87EA082F832" box="[568,662,1928,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037).
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFAFFB1FBD8F87EA65BF832" bold="true" box="[1082,1103,1928,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
. Lateral view.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFAFFB1FAE2F87EA707F832" bold="true" box="[1280,1299,1928,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
. Thorax and head in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFAFFB1FE07F85DA3EEF855" bold="true" box="[485,506,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C</emphasis>
. Thorax and head in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFAFFB1FC6EF85DA1B5F855" bold="true" box="[908,929,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D</emphasis>
. Front view of head.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFFAFFB1FB42F85DA6A7F855" bold="true" box="[1184,1203,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">E</emphasis>
. Lateral view of head. Scale bars in mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7861B2FFF9FFB2FF5FFB01A74DFAA5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603861" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14603861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603861/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[189,232,1271,1297]" targetBox="[201,1392,299,1154]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFF9FFB2FF5FFB01A74DFAA5" blockId="18.[189,1399,1271,1333]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FF5FFB01A30FFA81" bold="true" box="[189,283,1271,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 15.</emphasis>
Mouthparts of
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFF9FFB2FE37FB0EA0F6FA81" authorityName="Reategui &amp; Rafael &amp; da Silva-Neto" authorityYear="2025" box="[469,738,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FE37FB0EA0F6FA81" box="[469,738,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Neurostigma spinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2405053FFF9FFB2FD0BFB0EA153FA82" box="[745,839,1272,1298]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037).
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FB0FFB01A716FA81" bold="true" box="[1261,1282,1271,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
. Labrum.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FF5CFAECA2C5FAA4" bold="true" box="[190,209,1306,1332]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B</emphasis>
. Labium.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FEABFAECA34AFAA4" bold="true" box="[329,350,1306,1332]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
. Right mandible.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FDD3FAECA052FAA4" bold="true" box="[561,582,1306,1332]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
. Left mandible.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FCEBFAECA109FAA4" bold="true" box="[777,797,1306,1332]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
. Right lacinia.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FC33FAECA1F7FAA4" bold="true" box="[977,995,1306,1332]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">F</emphasis>
. Left lacinia. Scale bars in mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7861B2FFF9FFB2FF5FF85DA0E6F879" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603863" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14603863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603863/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,1447,1881]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFF9FFB2FF5FF85DA0E6F879" blockId="18.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FF5FF85DA30FF855" bold="true" box="[189,283,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFF9FFB2FEC1F85AA025F855" authorityName="Reategui &amp; Rafael &amp; da Silva-Neto" authorityYear="2025" box="[291,561,1964,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FEC1F85AA025F855" box="[291,561,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Neurostigma spinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2405053FFF9FFB2FDDBF85AA082F856" box="[569,662,1964,1990]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037).
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FBD9F85DA644F855" bold="true" box="[1083,1104,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
. Right forewing.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FAC1F85DA722F855" bold="true" box="[1315,1334,1963,1989]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B</emphasis>
. Left forewing.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF9FFB2FED4F838A35FF878" bold="true" box="[310,331,1998,2024]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
. Right hindwing. Scale bars in mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7861B2FFF8FFB3FF5FFC05A0ACFBA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14603865" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14603865" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14603865/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[189,232,1011,1037]" targetBox="[215,1326,276,951]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFF8FFB3FF5FFC05A0ACFBA1" blockId="19.[189,1398,1011,1073]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF8FFB3FF5FFC05A30AFB9E" bold="true" box="[189,286,1011,1038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C074AB9FFF8FFB3FEC8FC03A02FFB9E" authorityName="Reategui &amp; Rafael &amp; da Silva-Neto" authorityYear="2025" box="[298,571,1013,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Epipsocidae" genus="Neurostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF8FFB3FEC8FC03A02FFB9E" box="[298,571,1013,1038]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Neurostigma spinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2405053FFF8FFB3FDA4FC02A0B3FB9E" box="[582,679,1012,1038]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♂ (INPA-PSO 000037).
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF8FFB3FBBFFC05A666FB9D" bold="true" box="[1117,1138,1011,1037]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A</emphasis>
. Right paraproct and epiproct.
<emphasis id="B973ED28FFF8FFB3FECEFBE1A354FBA1" bold="true" box="[300,320,1047,1073]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">B</emphasis>
. Phallosome. Scale bars in mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB8313AFFF8FFB3FF5FFA7FA328FA56" blockId="19.[189,1399,1417,1478]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<smallCapsWord id="8D5EA7E6FFF8FFB3FF5FFA7FA37AFA31" baselines="1436,1436" box="[189,366,1417,1443]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
(in μm). FW: 3097, HW: 2198, F: 643, T: 752, t1: 293, t2: 121, IO: 443, D: 350, d: 271, PO: 0.774.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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