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<document id="46E92659E07ED6AA152C3A52B953414E" ID-DOI="10.37828/em.2019.26.3" ID-ISSN="2336-9744" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13355630" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:86F17262-17A8-40FF-88B9-2D4552A92F12" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1720662477596" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Volynkin, Anton V., Huang, Si-Yao &amp; Ivanova, Maria S." docDate="2019" docId="03A2A0795529805780BF4597A5F916D0" docLanguage="en" docName="EcolMontenegrina.26.14-92.pdf" docOrigin="Ecologica Montenegrina 26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2019.26.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE.3:EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE" docStyleName="EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Nepita Moore 1860" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FF9BD80155398046823D4076A72A127E" masterDocTitle="An overview of genera and subgenera of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae). Part 1. Barsine Walker, 1854 sensu lato, Asura Walker, 1854 and related genera, with descriptions of twenty new genera, ten new subgenera and a check list of taxa of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="14" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1724250067962" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="5A5EE2FB4765ACBA8EC32E32B3B407C8">An overview of genera and subgenera of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae). Part 1. Barsine Walker, 1854 sensu lato, Asura Walker, 1854 and related genera, with descriptions of twenty new genera, ten new subgenera and a check list of taxa of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DB99ADA54D705FDA48D9E18AD362983D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5CB01189A0CF8109A8B8A18D94CC3738">
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<mods:namePart id="C97F3FD883E0B8494925141CA697BA41">Volynkin, Anton V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF87CB5E17A6D9C73239AC59A2ED40FF">Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia &amp; National Research Tomsk State University, Lenina Avenue, 36, RF- 634050, Tomsk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C3EF868F3C37E17616502A59D1066FA9">Huang, Si-Yao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="29C5E18D12F720C54ED55F2A1C5CF2CA">Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China * Corresponding author. E-mail: volynkin _ a @ mail. ru</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="9AE7C69161BCA120B31BF30204442135">Ivanova, Maria S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="11D0A5A97CC8E1C8359893881C81DA1E">Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="2FCAC86FCFD25F7DAED370374D6DAF27">Ecologica Montenegrina</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8BF09240A2A9B85D51950CC7FA10B867">
<mods:date id="B8F196B4EA22233DFDE1A07D178C0DDD">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C91BF1BE449419335BBE544BCA96BA41">2019-12-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="99DBB9DF7D9695C6E82E122424143D35">26</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FB8526B0F9263916BAD312D638335FA8">14</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="D0B12E6E31B5BB6F2A6A2B3323E1E535">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="86783F99BF9634D3E770F58AF9E127F6" type="DOI">10.37828/em.2019.26.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A2A0795529805780BF4597A5F916D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A2A0795529805780BF4597A5F916D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A2A0795529805780BF4597A5F916D0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="C31142E45529805680BF4597A4FD1782" box="[642,983,1505,1532]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB4116F5529805680BF4597A4FD1782" blockId="16.[642,983,1505,1566]" box="[642,983,1505,1532]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D0FCA6035529805680BF4597A4FD1782" box="[642,983,1505,1532]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" reason="7">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5529805680E94594A4FD1782" ID-CoL="94254" authority="Moore, [1860]" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1860" box="[724,983,1505,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Nepita" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805680E94594A40E1782" bold="true" box="[724,804,1506,1532]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Nepita</emphasis>
Moore, [1860]
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31142E455298056809B4675A62914A6" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB4116F55298056809B4675A4981460" blockId="16.[642,983,1505,1566]" box="[678,946,1539,1566]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="13300DEA5529805680934675A41C1460" box="[686,822,1539,1566]" captionStart="Figures 31–46" captionStartId="12.[151,236,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[151,1436,189,1913]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 31–46. Type species of genera and subgenera of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex: adults. Depositories of specimens: 31, 32 – NHMUK; 33–46 – MWM/ZSM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13355636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13355636/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Figs 41, 42</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13300DEA55298056817F4675A45B1460" box="[834,881,1539,1566]" captionStart="Figures 124–127" captionStartId="31.[151,236,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[189,1416,257,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-19@31.[151,1436,256,1855]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figures 124–127. Type species of genera of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex: male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13355654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13355654/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">125</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13300DEA5529805681414675A4831460" box="[892,937,1539,1566]" captionStart="Figures 174–181" captionStartId="43.[151,236,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,299,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-19@43.[151,1436,290,1829]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figures 174–181. Type species of genera and subgenera of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex: female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13355678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13355678/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">181</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4116F5529805682804630A3001402" blockId="16.[151,1436,1605,1752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5529805682804630A67D1423" authority="Moore" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1860" box="[189,343,1606,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Nepita" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805682804630A62E1423" box="[189,260,1606,1629]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Nepita</emphasis>
Moore
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805683584630A6501423" box="[357,378,1606,1629]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">in</emphasis>
Horsfield &amp; Moore, [1860],
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805680834630A6C61402" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">A catalogue of the lepidopterous insects in the Museum of Natural History at the East-India House</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805683CE4613A52A1403" bold="true" box="[499,512,1637,1661]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">2</emphasis>
: 302, a replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55298056817B4613A30C1402" authority="Walker, 1854" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[838,1062,1636,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Pitane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55298056817B4613A4A11402" box="[838,907,1637,1660]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Pitane</emphasis>
Walker, 1854
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4116F55298056828046F2A62914A6" blockId="16.[151,1436,1605,1752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
=
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5529805682EE46F2A69F14E5" authority="Walker, 1854" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[211,437,1667,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Pitane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805682EE46F2A63214E5" box="[211,280,1668,1691]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Pitane</emphasis>
Walker, 1854
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805683FC46F2A27A14E5" box="[449,1360,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55298056876546F5A24F14E5" bold="true" box="[1368,1381,1667,1691]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">2</emphasis>
: 531 (
<typeStatus id="54B0AFCD55298056829D46D4A7FC14C4" box="[160,214,1698,1722]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55298056837E46D5A5B814C4" authority="Walker, 1854" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[323,658,1698,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Pitane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conferta">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55298056837E46D5A6C714C4" box="[323,493,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Pitane conferta</emphasis>
Walker, 1854
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent designation by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A6C9E5529805681C446D4A39414C4" author="Hampson, G. F." box="[1017,1214,1698,1722]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 590" refId="ref31860" refString="Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590." type="journal article" year="1900">Hampson (1900))</bibRefCitation>
, nec. Walker, 1854 (
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5529805682A346B6A7DD14A6" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[158,247,1728,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Arctiini">Arctiini</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31142E45529805782804774A418137E" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB4116F5529805782804774A418137E" blockId="16.[151,1436,1793,2023]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1435,195,324]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805682804774A6171562" bold="true" box="[189,317,1794,1820]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Medium-sized moths; male antennae strongly bipectinate, female antennae serrate; wing pattern is similar to that of some
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55298056801B4752A5431540" authorityName="Felder" authorityYear="1861" box="[550,617,1828,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Cyme" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55298056801B4752A5431540" box="[550,617,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Cyme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5529805680994755A43E1540" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" box="[676,788,1827,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Ammatho" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805680994755A43E1540" box="[676,788,1827,1854]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Ammatho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the male genitalia, the tegumen is broad; the juxta with a deep medial basal concavity; the valva is short and medially broadened, nearly elliptical. The combination of such features as the presence of a robust, thorn-shaped medial costal process and the absence of distal costal and saccular processes and distal membranous lobe of valva is characteristic for the genus. Aedeagus is large, and the vesica structure is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5529805681A447DDA4DE15BA" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[921,1012,1963,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Barsine" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5529805681A447DDA4DE15BA" box="[921,1012,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Barsine</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55298056860E47DCA38E15BB" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" box="[1075,1188,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Ammatho" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55298056860E47DCA38E15BB" box="[1075,1188,1962,1989]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">Ammatho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C700655298056869247DDA3DA15BB" box="[1199,1264,1963,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="30" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55298056869247DDA3C015BA" box="[1199,1258,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="30">s. str</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
In the female genitalia, the large and heavily sclerotised antrum and the short membranous anterior section of corpus bursae are similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55288057801540B5A5B212A0" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1855" box="[552,664,195,222]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Ammatho" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55288057801540B5A5B212A0" box="[552,664,195,222]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Ammatho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C700655288057809440B2A5D812A0" box="[681,754,196,222]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55288057809440B2A5C112A3" box="[681,747,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">s. str</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but the corpus and appendix bursae are completely membranous, only an elliptical signum bursae is present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31142E45528805782804171A5E61052" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB4116F5528805782804171A57E135C" blockId="17.[151,1435,195,324]" box="[189,596,263,290]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5528805782804171A677135F" bold="true" box="[189,349,263,289]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F31C51FF5528805783584171A6FD135C" box="[357,471,263,290]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F31C51FF55288057802D4171A57A135C" box="[528,592,263,290]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4116F552880578280415FA5F9133A" blockId="17.[151,1435,195,324]" box="[189,723,297,324]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D552880578280415FA683133D" bold="true" box="[189,425,297,323]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Number of species.</emphasis>
The genus is monobasic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4116F55288057802F41F8A4991392" blockId="17.[272,1352,398,492]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55288057805941F8A5F413D6" authorityName="Volynkin &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2019" box="[612,734,398,424]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Esmasura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55288057805941F8A5F413D6" bold="true" box="[612,734,398,424]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Esmasura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Volynkin &amp; Huang,
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5528805781EA41F8A36C13D6" bold="true" box="[983,1094,398,424]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C70065528805781EA41F8A36C13D6" box="[983,1094,398,424]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
https://zoobank.org/
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFAD2BBA55288057812041C6A26213B5" box="[797,1352,432,459]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">89360C04-B569-4C9F-95E9-04AF1FC68B1E</uuid>
</uri>
(
<figureCitation id="13300DEA55288057809341A7A41C1392" box="[686,822,465,492]" captionStart="Figures 31–46" captionStartId="12.[151,236,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[159,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[151,1436,189,1913]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 31–46. Type species of genera and subgenera of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex: adults. Depositories of specimens: 31, 32 – NHMUK; 33–46 – MWM/ZSM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13355636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13355636/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Figs 43, 44</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13300DEA55288057817F41A7A45B1392" box="[834,881,465,492]" captionStart="Figures 124–127" captionStartId="31.[151,236,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[189,1416,257,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-19@31.[151,1436,256,1855]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figures 124–127. Type species of genera of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex: male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13355654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13355654/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">126</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13300DEA55288057814141A7A4831392" box="[892,937,465,492]" captionStart="Figures 182–189" captionStartId="44.[151,236,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,287,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-19@44.[151,1436,281,1774]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figures 182–189. Type species of genera, subgenera and their synonyms of the Asura / Miltochrista generic complex: female genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13355680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13355680/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">182</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4116F5528805782804263A5E61052" blockId="17.[189,716,532,557]" box="[189,716,532,557]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
<typeStatus id="54B0AFCD5528805782804263A7D91053" box="[189,243,533,557]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55288057836B4262A5E21052" authority="Swinhoe, 1893" authorityName="Swinhoe" authorityYear="1893" box="[342,712,532,556]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Miltochrista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esmia">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55288057836B4262A5341052" box="[342,542,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Miltochrista esmia</emphasis>
Swinhoe, 1893
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31142E45528805782804220A69310EC" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB4116F5528805782804220A69310EC" blockId="17.[151,1437,597,1198]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5528805782804220A661100E" bold="true" box="[189,331,598,624]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Etymology.</emphasis>
The genus name is a combination of its
<typeStatus id="54B0AFCD5528805781734220A4AB100E" box="[846,897,598,624]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
species’ name
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5528805786794221A3A2100E" authorityName="Swinhoe" authorityYear="1893" box="[1092,1160,599,624]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Miltochrista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="esmia">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5528805786794221A3A2100E" box="[1092,1160,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">esmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the generic name
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5528805782AA420EA7F710EC" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,221,632,658]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Asura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5528805782AA420EA7F710EC" box="[151,221,632,658]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Asura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Gender feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31142E455288057828042EFA5EE1614" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB4116F55288057828042EFA5EE1614" blockId="17.[151,1437,597,1198]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55288057828042EFA61710CD" bold="true" box="[189,317,665,691]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Medium-sized moths with pale red body and wing colouration and pattern consisting of blackish suffusion along veins only. Antennae of both sexes ciliate. In the male genitalia, the valva lacks distal costal and saccular processes, like in
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55288057809F42A8A5DA1089" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1860" box="[674,752,734,759]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Nepita" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55288057809F42A8A5DA1089" box="[674,752,734,759]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Nepita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the medial costal process is small, tubercle-like and setose as well as the area around it (an autapomorphic feature; similar tubercle-like process is known in
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5528805782AA4356A6041145" authorityName="N. Singh &amp; Kirti" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,302,800,827]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Barsochrista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5528805782AA4356A6041145" box="[151,302,800,827]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Barsochrista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only, but in the latter that is heavily sclerotised and not setose). In addition, in
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC5528805786C44357A2441144" authorityName="Volynkin &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2019" box="[1273,1390,801,826]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Esmasura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5528805786C44357A2441144" box="[1273,1390,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Esmasura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the sacculus is broader and reaching the valva apex, where it connects with costa, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C0B6AEC55288057868A4334A22C1125" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1860" box="[1207,1286,834,859]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Nepita" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55288057868A4334A22C1125" box="[1207,1286,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Nepita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the sacculus is narrower and shorter, not reaching the valva apex. Aedeagus is elongated and narrow, nearly straight; vesica is short, nearly elliptical, with two clusters of numerous various sized small and very small thorn-like cornuti. In the female genitalia, the ductus bursae is subdivided into the heavily sclerotised trapezoidal antrum and the moderately sclerotised anterior section. The anterior section of corpus bursae is elliptical, membranous, with a weakly dentate signum medially. The posterior section of corpus bursae is narrow, moderately sclerotised and weakly rugose. The appendix bursae originates from the posterior section of corpus bursae and is evenly moderately sclerotised and weakly rugose also. Such an appendix bursae structure is unique among the generic complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31142E45528805782804404A5F916D0" pageId="17" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB4116F5528805782804404A48716F2" blockId="17.[151,1437,597,1198]" box="[189,941,1137,1164]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D5528805782804404A67716F2" bold="true" box="[189,349,1138,1164]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Distribution.</emphasis>
Northern
<collectingCountry id="F31C51FF5528805783E84404A56016F2" box="[469,586,1138,1164]" name="Myanmar" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F31C51FF55288057806B4407A5B616F2" box="[598,668,1137,1164]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">China</collectingCountry>
and northern
<collectingCountry id="F31C51FF55288057817D4407A48316F2" box="[832,937,1137,1164]" name="Vietnam" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB4116F55288057828044E5A5F916D0" blockId="17.[151,1437,597,1198]" box="[189,723,1171,1198]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B97FCD7D55288057828044E5A68316D3" bold="true" box="[189,425,1171,1197]" pageId="17" pageNumber="31">Number of species.</emphasis>
The genus is monobasic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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