181 lines
17 KiB
XML
181 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="A801E9175C3CBCFD4790E16A118C3CEF" ID-CLB-Dataset="68515" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6576920" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e6d4b74-5d99-4155-a5de-5c8585abf1c8" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6576920" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1600876003125" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="038D264C754CD708859DFE4056F9F85D" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Nycteridae_374.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Nycteris arge Thomas 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="383" masterDocId="FFB45E34754FD70B851AFFEF527EFFBD" masterDocTitle="Nycteridae" masterLastPageNumber="386" masterPageNumber="374" pageNumber="383" updateTime="1698845937450" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="26515F0337D817C43E43C5BD3E274733" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2DD430BE09EB11813924695F1F8A139D">
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<mods:title id="141EA4707C13F4471CFDF695F1FFE44C">Nycteridae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3C0D67DD421BDAA37765E6B90F25512C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="28CE74AD1530C716CC075A482AB74DE2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="63B2D46F9BE5BFCEDB8AA957F8A05B55">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2F454FAAE36670F3A63012AC10F76B9E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="936B63C47F69CC5F028B16C9F7C7A057">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="76AFBC27FED116ABD58CB5E9E35D3956">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="FB386128C9A029664F234B70140922AA">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="23336AE84493A40C8BC84D1343AC6182" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="080EB4341330B1E1FA15DA5944AB35B2">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="B9FCE21849C35DABADF48E38D6018602">
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<mods:placeTerm id="4D1B130957426539D1551596A794D544">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0C2494DFA9012D0776E909D16FC062D2">
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<mods:title id="4759EA3001F8765258907334E3905E4E">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D74C20B59122244F47800F357CE1724E">
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<mods:extent id="123530D0EBD99D2DEFAC50A766E1EDEE" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="41E75C62124C5C1F9305F23DBEA72172">374</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="7AD1E3BA86928772BE071E99B2F4A844">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6E88C7CB59ACA5E17A808C157A56CE5C" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038D264C754CD708859DFE4056F9F85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6491466" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195828950" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6491466" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D264C754CD708859DFE4056F9F85D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D264C754CD708859DFE4056F9F85D" lastPageNumber="383" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859DFE4052DBFE60" box="[135,165,431,477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859DFE4052DBFE60" blockId="3.[131,980,431,518]" box="[135,165,431,477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<figureCitation id="131F8BDF754CD708859DFE4052DBFE60" box="[135,165,431,477]" captionStart="Plate 28: Nycteridae" captionStartId="3.[135,165,3373,3398]" captionTargetBox="[17,2765,13,3656]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="1. Bates’s Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris arge), 2. Intermediate Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris intermedia), 3. Dwarf Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris nana), 4. Dja Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris major), 5. Malayan Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris tragata), 6. Javan Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris javanica), 7. Andersen’s Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris aurita), 8. Large Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris grandis), 9. Hairy Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris hispida), 10. Large-eared Slit-faced Bat (Nycteris macrotis), 11. Madagascar Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris madagascariensis), 12. Parisi’s Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris parisii), 13. Wood's Shitfaced Bat (Nycteris wood), 14. Gambian Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris gambiensis), 15. Egyptian Slitfaced Bat (Nycteris thebaica)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6576984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6576984/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">1.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD70885ACFE405020FE60" box="[182,606,431,477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD70885ACFE405020FE60" blockId="3.[131,980,431,518]" box="[182,606,431,477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<vernacularName id="0527E774754CD70885ACFE405020FE60" box="[182,606,431,477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Bates’s Slit-faced Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708878AFE405103FE60" box="[656,893,431,477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708878AFE405103FE60" blockId="3.[131,980,431,518]" box="[656,893,431,477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754CD708878AFE405103FE60" ID-CoL="485DC" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" box="[656,893,431,477]" class="Mammalia" family="Nycteridae" genus="Nycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arge">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708878AFE405103FE60" box="[656,893,431,477]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Nycteris arge</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859EFE1F51ADFDB8" box="[132,979,496,517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859EFE1F51ADFDB8" blockId="3.[131,980,431,518]" box="[132,979,496,517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708859EFE1F52AEFDB8" bold="true" box="[132,208,496,517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0527E774754CD70885C3FE1F53FBFDB8" box="[217,389,496,517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Nyctere de Bates</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD7088481FE1F538BFDB8" bold="true" box="[411,501,496,517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0527E774754CD70884E5FE1F50D3FDB8" box="[511,685,496,517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Bates-Schlitznase</vernacularName>
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/ Spanish: Nicterio de Bates
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD70887F3FDD95749FDEE" box="[745,1335,566,595]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD70887F3FDD95749FDEE" blockId="3.[745,1337,566,989]" box="[745,1335,566,595]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD70887F3FDD951FAFDEE" bold="true" box="[745,900,566,595]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754CD7088687FDD9574CFDEE" ID-CoL="485DC" authority="Thomas, 1903" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" box="[925,1330,566,595]" class="Mammalia" family="Nycteridae" genus="Nycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arge">Nycteris arge Thomas, 1903</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD70887F1FDB2568EFDC7" box="[747,1264,605,634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD70887F1FDB2568EFDC7" blockId="3.[745,1337,566,989]" box="[747,1264,605,634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4C9D07754CD70887F1FDB2568EFDC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3804723311" box="[747,1264,605,634]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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“Efulen,
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD708867CFDB25679FDC7" box="[870,1031,605,634]" name="Cameroon" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Cameroons</collectingCountry>
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[=
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD7088123FDB256A7FDC7" box="[1081,1241,605,634]" name="Cameroon" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD70887F0FD6F51F9FD74" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD70887F0FD6F5748FD1C" blockId="3.[745,1337,566,989]" box="[746,1334,640,673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<taxonomicName id="4C24ECD9754CD70887F0FD6F51EAFD1C" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" box="[746,916,640,673]" class="Mammalia" family="Nycteridae" genus="Nycteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arge">Nycteris arge</taxonomicName>
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belongs to the arge group.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD70887F0FD4751F9FD74" blockId="3.[745,1337,566,989]" box="[746,903,680,713]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD70887F3FD2056BEFC60" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF5BC7D2754CD70887F3FD2056BEFC60" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6576940" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6576940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6576940/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" targetBox="[130,722,569,983]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD70887F3FD2056BEFC60" blockId="3.[745,1337,566,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD70887F3FD2051E4FD4D" bold="true" box="[745,922,719,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Patchily distributed in tropical forests of W & C Africa extending from
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD70887F0FCF151D6FC82" box="[746,936,798,831]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD708811EFCF15616FC82" box="[1028,1128,798,831]" name="Liberia" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Liberia</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD70881B3FCF1568EFC82" box="[1193,1264,798,831]" name="Togo" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Togo</collectingCountry>
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and from SW
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD7088669FCA251A3FCDB" box="[883,989,845,870]" name="Nigeria" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD70886EAFCA256F9FCDB" box="[1008,1159,845,870]" name="Cameroon" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD70881C0FCA25749FCDB" box="[1242,1335,845,870]" name="Gabon" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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(including Bioko I) through
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD708819BFC82576AFC33" box="[1153,1300,877,910]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD70887F0FC7B51DDFC08" box="[746,931,916,949]" name="South Sudan" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
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, W
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD70886C4FC7B5630FC08" box="[990,1102,916,949]" name="Uganda" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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, SW
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD7088180FC7B568FFC08" box="[1178,1265,916,949]" name="Kenya" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, and NW
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD7088632FC5351D7FC60" box="[808,937,956,989]" name="Tanzania" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, and S to N
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<collectingCountry id="F333D7CA754CD708814FFC5356C2FC60" box="[1109,1212,956,989]" name="Angola" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Angola</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859EFC035139FB4C" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859EFC035139FB4C" blockId="3.[131,1339,1004,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708859EFC0353FFFBB8" bold="true" box="[132,385,1004,1029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 50-65 mm, tail 42-61 mm, ear 25-34 mm, hindfoot 9-11 mm, forearm 39-46 mm; weight 6-11 g. Bates’s Slit-faced Bat is small, with short rounded wings. Longitudinal cleft runs along top of muzzle, covering noseleaves. Fur is long and fluffy, dark reddish brown to grayish brown dorsally, and slightly lighter ventrally. Ears are very long. Wing membranes are dark brown and free of hair except along margins of forelimbs where long hairs are present and can be rufous in color. There are no obvious sexual differences in pelage.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859EFB175086FAD5" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859EFB175086FAD5" blockId="3.[131,1339,1004,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708859EFB17528DFAA4" bold="true" box="[132,243,1272,1305]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Variety of tropical lowland forests including montane and swamp forest at elevations up to
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<quantity id="4CDC3ABF754CD708846CFAF053A1FAFD" box="[374,479,1311,1344]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
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. Bates’s Slit-faced Bats predominantly occur in undisturbed forest but can enter agroforestry plantations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859EFA815007FA32" box="[132,633,1390,1423]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859EFA815007FA32" blockId="3.[131,1339,1004,2016]" box="[132,633,1390,1423]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708859EFA8153F7FA32" bold="true" box="[132,393,1390,1423]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859EFA795310F9BB" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859EFA795310F9BB" blockId="3.[131,1339,1004,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708859EFA795375FA0A" bold="true" box="[132,267,1430,1463]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Pregnant and lactating Bates’s Slitfaced Bats have been captured at different times of the year, suggesting that there is not a single, restricted breeding season. Litter size is one.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD7088599F9E356ACF9C1" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="activity">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD7088599F9E356ACF9C1" blockId="3.[131,1339,1004,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD7088599F9E3530CF990" bold="true" box="[131,370,1548,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Bates’s Slit-faced Bat roosts during the day in sheltered structures including hollow trees, caves, and road culverts. It leaves the day roost at dusk and typically forages close to the ground, gleaning prey off foliage and the forest floor.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859EF9695116F94E" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859EF9695116F94E" blockId="3.[131,1339,1004,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708859EF9695142F91E" bold="true" box="[132,828,1670,1699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Bates’s Slitfaced Bat roosts singly or in small groups of 2—4 individuals, often including a male and female. Echolocation call is multiharmonic and involves a steep FM sweep.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859FF91653D4F8D4" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="conservation">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859FF91653D4F8D4" blockId="3.[131,1339,1004,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708859FF916539DF8A7" bold="true" box="[133,483,1785,1818]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Although Bates’s Slit-faced Batis not currently under threat of extinction, extent of its rainforest habitat is decreasing.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33EC4D1754CD708859CF89756F9F85D" pageId="3" pageNumber="383" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9B975A754CD708859CF89756F9F85D" blockId="3.[131,1339,1004,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">
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||
<emphasis id="B9504B48754CD708859CF8975360F82C" bold="true" box="[134,286,1912,1937]" pageId="3" pageNumber="383">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
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Fahr (20130), Griffiths (1994, 1997), Juste & Ibanez (1994b), Monadjem & Fahr (2007), Monadjem, Rasmussen & van der Made (2011), Monadjem, Richards & Denys (2016), Monadjem, Taylor et al. (2010), Rosevear (1965), Thomas et al. (1994), Van Cakenberghe & De Vree (1985), Verschuren (1957).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |