231 lines
38 KiB
XML
231 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="91909A1A8E97A880F2D959877FBF78EC" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.174422" ID-GBIF-Dataset="32416f98-3475-4924-ac80-bfd992cba190" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="174422" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459796824949" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Świętojańska, Jolanta, Chorzępa, Magdalena & Ghate, Hemant" docDate="2006" docId="03CF9F47FF9FFF9FFEC9FA9BFDD21A43" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01341p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1341" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Oncocephala quadrilobata Guerin 1844" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FFF6E73FFF95FF8FFFC1FFD8FFBD1D32" masterDocTitle="Description of last instar larva and pupa of Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869 and Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Oncocephalini) from India" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1698219848308" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F881346A5A1DBBF748DEE1FE62EB7CFC">Description of last instar larva and pupa of Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869 and Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Oncocephalini) from India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0E7034D62AA090FEB4E584A6B2F7140C">Świętojańska, Jolanta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F92115233C61C23C0FA43F4A82F75D81">Chorzępa, Magdalena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="76BCDEC27D78A966BD1470BB435621C5">Ghate, Hemant</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A254025A92648C4D3B12DE55833E196A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E037E3F6B5A4E47CCF673D828A459D7E">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03CF9F47FF9FFF9FFEC9FA9BFDD21A43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6256924" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119351348" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6256924" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF9F47FF9FFF9FFEC9FA9BFDD21A43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CF9F47FF9FFF9FFEC9FA9BFDD21A43" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<subSubSection id="C37C7DDAFF9FFF85FEC9FA9BFD5D184D" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9FFF85FEC9FA9BFCBA186E" blockId="10.[264,775,1346,1407]" box="[264,775,1346,1373]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<heading id="D091993DFF9FFF85FEC9FA9BFCBA186E" bold="true" box="[264,775,1346,1373]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6655D2FF9FFF85FEC9FA9BFCBA186E" ID-CoL="49H8B" authority="Guerin, 1844" authorityName="Guerin" authorityYear="1844" box="[264,775,1346,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Oncocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
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<emphasis id="B912F243FF9FFF85FEC9FA9BFCBA186E" bold="true" box="[264,775,1346,1373]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B912F243FF9FFF85FEC9FA9BFDF4186F" bold="true" box="[264,585,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Oncocephala quadrilobata</emphasis>
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(Guérin, 1844)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9FFF85FEC9FABDFD5D184D" blockId="10.[264,775,1346,1407]" box="[264,736,1381,1407]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FED1FABDFEE6184D" box="[272,347,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[405,1158,404,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[362,1226,390,1826]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), dorsal side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174425/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FEA8FABDFEC7184D" box="[361,378,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,368,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[439,1151,440,1786]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[409,1178,402,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), ventral side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174426/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FE47FABDFE6F184D" box="[390,466,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 20" captionStartId="9.[264,383,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[278,1309,325,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[264,1323,306,1747]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 20. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), larva. (14) dorsal side of head; (15) ventral side of head; (16) dorsal side of labrum; (17) ventral side of labrum; (18, 19) mandibles; (20) maxillae and labium ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174428/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">14–20</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FE1FFABDFE43184D" box="[478,510,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURES 21, 22" captionStartId="10.[264,382,834,858]" captionTargetBox="[509,1088,342,792]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[469,1118,326,810]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 21, 22. Legs. (21) Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869; (22) Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174429/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FDCBFABDFDEB184D" box="[522,598,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="13.[264,383,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[278,1293,1125,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1323,1086,1836]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Pupae, last abdominal segments: 23, 25 dorsum, 24, 26 ventral side. (23, 14) Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869; (25, 26) Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174430/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">25, 26</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FDA0FABDFD10184D" box="[609,685,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="15.[264,383,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[384,1219,332,1744]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[344,1243,318,1754]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844). (31) mature larva dorsally; (32) mature larva ventrally; (33) pupa dorsally; (34) pupa ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174432/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">31–34</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FD78FABDFD65184D" box="[697,728,1381,1407]" captionStart="FIGURES 35, 36" captionStartId="16.[264,382,1468,1492]" captionTargetBox="[324,1268,313,1429]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[288,1303,307,1460]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 35, 36. Adults emerged from rearing larvae. (35) Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869; (36) Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174433/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">36</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C7DDAFF9FFF9FFEC9FA6EFDD21A43" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9FFF85FEC9FA6EFE1F18FD" blockId="10.[264,1324,1462,1887]" box="[264,418,1462,1487]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B912F243FF9FFF85FEC9FA6EFE1F18FD" box="[264,418,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Mature larva</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9FFF85FEF9FA05FCE71B2D" blockId="10.[264,1324,1462,1887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Measurements of body (n=1): length (except head, from base of pronotum to end of body): 7.9 mm; width across mesonotum: 2.5 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9FFF85FEF9F9F5FAA91B75" blockId="10.[264,1324,1462,1887]" box="[312,1300,1581,1607]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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Body strongly flattened dorsoventrally, elongated, parallelsided (
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FB85F9F5FB321B75" box="[1092,1167,1581,1607]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[405,1158,404,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[362,1226,390,1826]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), dorsal side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174425/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FB5DF9F5FB101B75" box="[1180,1197,1581,1607]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,368,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[439,1151,440,1786]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[409,1178,402,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), ventral side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174426/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FB7BF9F5FABA1B75" box="[1210,1287,1581,1607]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="15.[264,383,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[384,1219,332,1744]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[344,1243,318,1754]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844). (31) mature larva dorsally; (32) mature larva ventrally; (33) pupa dorsally; (34) pupa ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174432/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">31, 32</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9FFF85FEF9F98DFE421B8D" blockId="10.[264,1324,1462,1887]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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Colour of alcohol preserved larva, on dorsal as well as ventral side, yellow but with tips of abdominal lateral scoli and pulvilli of legs reddishbrown; without any distinct pattern (
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9FFF85FEA8F97DFE4C1B8D" box="[361,497,1701,1727]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="15.[264,383,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[384,1219,332,1744]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[344,1243,318,1754]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844). (31) mature larva dorsally; (32) mature larva ventrally; (33) pupa dorsally; (34) pupa ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174432/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Figs 31, 32</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9FFF84FEF9F915FE8B1C6C" blockId="10.[264,1324,1462,1887]" lastBlockId="11.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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Segments of thorax and of abdomen transverse. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Mesonotum and metanotum shorter and wider than pronotum. Abdominal segments 1–7 more or less as wide as meso and metanotum. Because of fusion of eighth and ninth abdominal segments, the last segment different in shape from the remaining ones: it has a pair of lateral scoli and forms broadly rounded end of body (
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9EFF84FB4BFEC4FB6A1C04" box="[1162,1239,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[405,1158,404,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[362,1226,390,1826]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), dorsal side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174425/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9EFF84FB26FEC4FB451C04" box="[1255,1272,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,368,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[439,1151,440,1786]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[409,1178,402,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), ventral side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174426/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9EFF84FAC7FEC4FE941C6C" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="15.[264,383,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[384,1219,332,1744]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[344,1243,318,1754]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844). (31) mature larva dorsally; (32) mature larva ventrally; (33) pupa dorsally; (34) pupa ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174432/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">31, 32</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9EFF84FEF9FEB4FCC81F7C" blockId="11.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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Segments of thorax without lateral scoli. Abdominal segments with one lateral scolus on each side. Each scolus with one pointed seta apically, and the second one, visible from dorsal view, slightly below the top. One pointed seta dorsally and one ventrally midway along the length of abdominal scoli 1–7. Two setae dorsally and one ventrally midway along the length of scolus of the last abdominal segment. One or two campaniform sensilla on ventral side, at the base of each scolus (
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9EFF84FD3DFDECFCF51F7C" box="[764,840,564,590]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[405,1158,404,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[362,1226,390,1826]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), dorsal side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174425/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9EFF84FC94FDECFCDA1F7C" box="[853,871,564,590]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,368,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[439,1151,440,1786]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[409,1178,402,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), ventral side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174426/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">4</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9EFF84FEF9FD84FEEF1FAC" blockId="11.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Nine pairs of spiracles: one pair on mesonotum and eight pairs on abdominal segments 1 to 8.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9EFF84FEF9FD74FBA41E24" blockId="11.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Dorsal and ventral side of body with short pointed setae and slightly shorter minute setae placed at the anterior margin of segments. Meso, matanotum and first 7 abdominal segments each has a transverse fold across the middle (plical area).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9EFF84FEF9FCFCFE0D1A14" blockId="11.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
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Pronotum with 14 pointed setae and 9 or 10 campaniform sensilla on each side, distributed along the margin. Anterior border of mesonotum, metanotum and the first abdominal segment with a pair of very minute setae medially and two minute setae laterally on each side; remaining abdominal segments with a pair of very minute setae medially and one minute seta laterally on each side. Moreover, mesonotum with a row of 8 pointed setae and two campaniform sensilla close to posterior margin; and 6 pointed setae and one campaniform sensillum on each side laterally. One pointed seta and a campaniform sensillum extremely laterally, on each side. Metanotum with a pair of campaniform sensilla close to anterior margin, a row of 10 pointed setae and two campaniform sensilla close to posterior margin; and 6 pointed setae and two campaniform sensilla on each side laterally. On each side, extremely laterally, one pointed seta and a campaniform sensillum. Dorsal side of first abdominal segment with two pairs of pointed setae and a pair of campaniform sensilla close to anterior margin, a row of 10 pointed setae and two campaniform sensilla close to posterior margin, and two pointed setae and two campaniform sensilla on each side close to spiracle. Dorsal side of abdominal segments 2–7 with two pairs of pointed setae and one or two pairs of campaniform sensilla close to anterior margin, a row of 13–16 pointed setae and two campaniform sensilla close to posterior margin, and two pointed setae and two or three campaniform sensilla on each side close to spiracle. Eighth abdominal segment fused with ninth without distinct border. The last segment with two pairs of pointed setae and a pair of campaniform sensilla close to anterior margin, 4 campaniform sensilla on each side laterally, two pairs of pointed setae and a pair of campaniform sensilla in area between spiracles, and two setae close to each spiracle. Moreover, behind spiracle on each side laterally, two small setae and one campaniform sensillum, a pair of setae and two pairs of campaniform sensilla in the middle, and 8 setae along extreme margin of segment. Chaetotaxy of dorsal side of body as in
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<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF9EFF84FE87F8D4FE161A14" box="[326,427,1804,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[264,368,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[405,1158,404,1801]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[362,1226,390,1826]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), dorsal side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174425/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9EFF83FEF9F8ECFE4F1F96" blockId="11.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastBlockId="12.[264,1325,284,1876]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Ventral surface of pro, meso, and metathorax with two pairs of minute setae at anterior margin, 4 pointed setae and 4 campaniform sensilla in the middle, and two setae at the base of each coxa. Abdominal segments 1–7 with a pair of minute setae at anterior border, a row of 6–12 pointed setae and 2 to 5 campaniform sensilla in the middle, and three setae on lateral side. The last abdominal segment with a pair of minutae setae at anterior border, 6 pointed setae in row and a pair of campaniform sensilla close to anterior border, a pair of setae and one campaniform sensillum on each side, and ten setae at extreme margin of body. In the middle of this segment (which is a connection of fused 8th and 9th abdominal segments) there is the small structure (10th abdominal segment?) consisting of two tubercles each bearing three pointed setae. Chaetotaxy of ventral side of body as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF99FF83FE49FD52FE531F96" box="[392,494,650,676]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,368,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[439,1151,440,1786]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[409,1178,402,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), ventral side of mature larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174426/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF99FF83FEF9FD6AFD021906" blockId="12.[264,1325,284,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Head well sclerotized, prognathous, partially retracted into pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF99FF83FB4FFD6AFAA31FFE" box="[1166,1310,690,716]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="15.[264,383,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[384,1219,332,1744]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[344,1243,318,1754]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844). (31) mature larva dorsally; (32) mature larva ventrally; (33) pupa dorsally; (34) pupa ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174432/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Figs 31. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epicranial stem absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF99FF83FDFAFD02FD6E1FC6" box="[571,723,730,756]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 20" captionStartId="9.[264,383,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[278,1309,325,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[264,1323,306,1747]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 20. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), larva. (14) dorsal side of head; (15) ventral side of head; (16) dorsal side of labrum; (17) ventral side of labrum; (18, 19) mandibles; (20) maxillae and labium ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174428/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Figs 14, 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median endocarina well developed extending between frontal arms. Frontal arms Ushaped. Frontoclypeal suture absent. Clypeal area with a pair of setae and a pair of campaniform sensilla. Frons, on each side, with two short setae placed anteriorly and three or two short setae and one campaniform sensillum placed medially close to frontal arm. Vertex (epicranium) on each side with five short setae and one campaniform sensillum. On each side of head, close to stemmata, four long pointed setae and one short seta and one campaniform sensillum. Temporal side with four campaniform sensilla and three setae: two as long as setae placed close to stemmata, and one slightly shorter than the first one.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF99FF83FEF9FB9AFC9F196E" blockId="12.[264,1325,284,1876]" box="[312,802,1090,1116]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Stemmata black, six on each side of head.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF99FF83FEF9FBB2FC19199E" blockId="12.[264,1325,284,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Antennae 3 segmented. Basal segment transverse, distinctly wider than remainder. Median segment stout. Third segment slightly elongated.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF99FF83FEF9FB62FAAB18AE" blockId="12.[264,1325,284,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Labrum free, wider than long, without emarginate anterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF99FF83FB98FB62FB5E19E6" box="[1113,1251,1210,1236]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 20" captionStartId="9.[264,383,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[278,1309,325,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[264,1323,306,1747]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 20. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), larva. (14) dorsal side of head; (15) ventral side of head; (16) dorsal side of labrum; (17) ventral side of labrum; (18, 19) mandibles; (20) maxillae and labium ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174428/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Figs 16, 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mid part of ventral surface (epipharyngeal area) with a pair of pointed setae, two campaniform sensilla and two groups of a few sensilla (campaniform or peg like). Central and anterior parts of ventral side of labrum armed with numerous long spines. Anterior ventral margin, on each side, with six stout long setae. Anterior dorsal margin with numerous (c. 19) stout long pointed setae. Dorsal side of labrum with four setae and four campaniform sensilla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF99FF83FEF9FA72FD8D1B26" blockId="12.[264,1325,284,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Mandibles heavily sclerotized, 3dentate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF99FF83FCE7FA72FC0D18F6" box="[806,944,1450,1476]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 20" captionStartId="9.[264,383,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[278,1309,325,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[264,1323,306,1747]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 20. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), larva. (14) dorsal side of head; (15) ventral side of head; (16) dorsal side of labrum; (17) ventral side of labrum; (18, 19) mandibles; (20) maxillae and labium ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174428/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Teeth blunt at apex. Two setae and a campaniform sensillum at the base on dorsal side, and a campaniform sensillum on dorsal side in the middle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF99FF83FEF9F9FAFC211A66" blockId="12.[264,1325,284,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
|
||
Maxillae and labium connate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF99FF83FD64F9FAFCBD1B0E" box="[677,768,1570,1596]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 20" captionStartId="9.[264,383,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[278,1309,325,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[264,1323,306,1747]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 20. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844), larva. (14) dorsal side of head; (15) ventral side of head; (16) dorsal side of labrum; (17) ventral side of labrum; (18, 19) mandibles; (20) maxillae and labium ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174428/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each stipes with two short pointed setae and one campaniform sensillum. Palpiger distinct, heavily sclerotized in basal part, with one seta and a campaniform sensillum ventrally. Maxillary palpi twosegmented. First segment of maxillary palpi with one seta, second with a group of sensilla at apex, and with a campaniform sensillum below the apex. Galea fused with lacinia. Mala bears seven long setae and three short setae. Ligula covered with spines. Labial palpi onesegmented, with group of sensilla at apex. Prementum with two pairs of prominent sensilla, two long setae and six campaniform sensilla. Postmentum with 4 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF98FF82FEF9FEC4FEF71FF4" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,710]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
|
||
All legs stout, with similar chaetotaxy (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF98FF82FCD8FEC4FCC41C04" box="[793,889,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURES 21, 22" captionStartId="10.[264,382,834,858]" captionTargetBox="[509,1088,342,792]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[469,1118,326,810]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 21, 22. Legs. (21) Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869; (22) Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174429/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Figs 22</figureCitation>
|
||
), three segmented, built with: coxa, femur and tibiotarsus. Tibiotarsus apically with heavily sclerotized, short and curved, single and simple claw armed basally with a pointed seta. Above the claw two campaniform sensilla. Below the claw, on ventral side, two lobes — pulvilli. Tibiotarsus with 9 long pointed setae: complex of 7 setae surrounding pulvilli and claw, and two setae in dorsomedial part. Femur with 9 long setae and one short seta close to the base dorsally. Basally on internal side a group of 5 campaniform sensilla and one short pointed seta; one campaniform sensillum at the base, ventrally. Also basally, but on external side, two short pointed setae and two campaniform sensilla. Coxa with setae arranged in three groups: first with two short setae and one long pointed seta, second and third with a pair of short setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF98FF82FEC9FD24FEFB1E27" blockId="13.[264,1324,764,1070]" box="[264,326,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF98FF82FEC9FD24FEFB1E27" box="[264,326,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF98FF82FEF9FCFCFE801E54" blockId="13.[264,1324,764,1070]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Measurements (n = 1): length of body: 7.2 mm, width of fifth abdominal segment: 3.2 mm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF98FF82FEF9FCACFD1B1EBC" blockId="13.[264,1324,764,1070]" box="[312,678,884,910]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Body flattened dorsoventrally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF98FF82FEF9FC44FDD5191C" blockId="13.[264,1324,764,1070]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Alcohol preserved pupa appears light brown with brown to dark brown spiracles. Dorsal side of 2–5 abdominal segments with brown tubercles arranged in two rows: first row close to anterior border with 4 tubercles, second placed close to posterior border with 12–14 tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF98FF82FE13FBCCFDE7191C" box="[466,602,1044,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="13.[264,383,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[278,1293,1125,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1323,1086,1836]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Pupae, last abdominal segments: 23, 25 dorsum, 24, 26 ventral side. (23, 14) Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869; (25, 26) Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174430/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Figs 25, 26</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF197ED9FF98FF82FEC9F8F6FBC21A5A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174430/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[278,1293,1125,1811]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF98FF82FEC9F8F6FBC21A5A" blockId="13.[264,1325,1838,1896]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF98FF82FEC9F8F6FE6C1A74" bold="true" box="[264,465,1838,1862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">FIGURES 23–26.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupae, last abdominal segments: 23, 25 dorsum, 24, 26 ventral side. (23, 14)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6655D2FF98FF82FEC9F889FDF01A5A" authority="Baly, 1869" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1869" box="[264,589,1873,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chaeridiona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF98FF82FEC9F889FE721A5A" box="[264,463,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Chaeridiona picea</emphasis>
|
||
Baly, 1869
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (25, 26)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6655D2FF98FF82FD73F889FBC61A5A" authority="(Guerin, 1844)" authorityName="Guerin" authorityYear="1844" baseAuthorityName="Guerin" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[690,1147,1873,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Oncocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF98FF82FD73F889FC6E1A5A" box="[690,979,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Oncocephala quadrilobata</emphasis>
|
||
(Guérin, 1844)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF197ED9FF9BFF81FEC9F904FCA51A24" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174431/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[345,1260,325,1706]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9BFF81FEC9F904FCA51A24" blockId="14.[264,1322,1756,1814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF9BFF81FEC9F904FE6F1BC6" bold="true" box="[264,466,1756,1780]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">FIGURES 27–30.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6655D2FF9BFF81FE1DF905FC961BC6" authority="Baly, 1869" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1869" box="[476,811,1757,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chaeridiona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF9BFF81FE1DF905FD1A1BC6" box="[476,679,1757,1780]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">Chaeridiona picea</emphasis>
|
||
Baly, 1869
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (27) mature larva dorsally; (28) mature larva ventrally; (29) pupa dorsally; (30) pupa ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF197ED9FF9AFF80FEC9F92AFC181A1E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174432/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[384,1219,332,1744]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF9AFF80FEC9F92AFC181A1E" blockId="15.[264,1323,1778,1836]" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF9AFF80FEC9F92AFE691A38" bold="true" box="[264,468,1778,1802]" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">FIGURES 31–34.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6655D2FF9AFF80FE1EF92BFC0A1A38" authority="(Guerin, 1844)" authorityName="Guerin" authorityYear="1844" baseAuthorityName="Guerin" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[479,951,1779,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Oncocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF9AFF80FE1EF92BFCB81A38" box="[479,773,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">Oncocephala quadrilobata</emphasis>
|
||
(Guérin, 1844)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (31) mature larva dorsally; (32) mature larva ventrally; (33) pupa dorsally; (34) pupa ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF197ED9FF85FF9FFEC9FA64FD6818C6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174433/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" targetBox="[324,1268,313,1429]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF85FF9FFEC9FA64FD6818C6" blockId="16.[264,1323,1468,1524]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF85FF9FFEC9FA64FE6E18E6" bold="true" box="[264,467,1468,1492]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">FIGURES 35, 36.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults emerged from rearing larvae. (35)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6655D2FF85FF9FFC67FA65FB4C18E6" authority="Baly, 1869" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1869" box="[934,1265,1469,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chaeridiona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF85FF9FFC67FA65FBCD18E6" box="[934,1136,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Chaeridiona picea</emphasis>
|
||
Baly, 1869
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (36)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6655D2FF85FF9FFEC9FA05FD6C18C6" authority="Guerin, 1844" authorityName="Guerin" authorityYear="1844" box="[264,721,1501,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Oncocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilobata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF85FF9FFEC9FA05FE2B18C6" box="[264,406,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Oncocephala</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B912F243FF85FF9FFE5CFA05FD9518C6" box="[413,552,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">quadrilobata</emphasis>
|
||
(Guérin, 1844)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF85FF9FFEF9F9E5FB161BFF" blockId="16.[264,1323,1597,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Pro, meso and metanotum without lateral scoli. Head visible from dorsal view. Abdominal segments 1–7 with simple lateral scoli on each side. Last abdominal segment with two simple scoli and four flattened processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF85FF9FFC29F954FBCB1B94" box="[1000,1142,1676,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="13.[264,383,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[278,1293,1125,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1323,1086,1836]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Pupae, last abdominal segments: 23, 25 dorsum, 24, 26 ventral side. (23, 14) Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869; (25, 26) Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174430/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Figs 25, 26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF85FF9FFB44F954FB6B1B94" box="[1157,1238,1676,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="15.[264,383,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[384,1219,332,1744]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[344,1243,318,1754]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844). (31) mature larva dorsally; (32) mature larva ventrally; (33) pupa dorsally; (34) pupa ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174432/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">33, 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each simple scolus armed apically with seta, and with one or two setae close to base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD92E51FF85FF9FFEF9F903FDD21A43" blockId="16.[264,1323,1597,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Eight spiracles: one pair on each abdominal segment. Spiracles of first 4 segments of similar diameter. Diameter of spiracles of 6th to 8th segments slightly smaller than that of segments 1st–4th. Spiracle of 5th segment the most prominent, elongated, distinctly longer than lateral scoli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF85FF9FFE18F88FFD891A43" box="[473,564,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 26" captionStartId="13.[264,383,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[278,1293,1125,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1323,1086,1836]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 26. Pupae, last abdominal segments: 23, 25 dorsum, 24, 26 ventral side. (23, 14) Chaeridiona picea Baly, 1869; (25, 26) Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174430/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Figs 25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D32D4FF85FF9FFD81F88FFDDC1A43" box="[576,609,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="15.[264,383,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[384,1219,332,1744]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[344,1243,318,1754]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Oncocephala quadrilobata (Guérin, 1844). (31) mature larva dorsally; (32) mature larva ventrally; (33) pupa dorsally; (34) pupa ventrally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174432/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">33</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |