163 lines
18 KiB
XML
163 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="9DADA087392C5F7611298F8F18CD938B" ID-CLB-Dataset="21681" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4792.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dd8ef826-0c0f-4261-b127-1d1afa7f5601" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3895976" ID-ZooBank="326F6A15-216E-439A-AD59-3CDF7551D3F6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1592306202477" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Trietsch, Carolyn, Mikó, István, Ezray, Briana & Deans, Andrew R." docDate="2020" docId="039687D1FF9D652E9FA4FA8D40EFC4C3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4792.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4792 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Conostigmus californicus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FFAFFFA9FF82650E9F33FFEC4445C438" masterDocTitle="A Taxonomic Revision of Nearctic Conostigmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea: Megaspilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="155" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698842444354" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="FC63335CE39436CEBB72CF28A5DDA2EE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="02ECF9A605AD36BC60ECAC106609CD3B">
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<mods:title id="C41029179A7B754086524CEF9F82DAE9">A Taxonomic Revision of Nearctic Conostigmus (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea: Megaspilidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="ADDD832A0C8A667C15E3BE76C8C67D17" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EA4C6DFDD1CB302E25A1D486F24F539F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3867BDB4223509E12D8E342CB5C31E99">Trietsch, Carolyn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="1D05BA72F7DA6D1E431AC08F2159E4BF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="94EE3DCDCBF80F0E0AA7F7438EF50BA7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DEEFC8B34B7A1C4B4D5E926DC6255859">Mikó, István</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="09CD556E198341148307D1703B922F23" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9DC6F89EA117C1BC184DF2A1491B8F7B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FE3E37AD540C1C45DF7AD235C6E58BD6">Ezray, Briana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="76861A01D07D4F7675C9D5A04F2306D2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="432F89AC986D403FE3DEBFDE5626E50B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="916C6B3120EAE4FC62D5EC3842CF998A">Deans, Andrew R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="43EAC8DF7D2D9D910ED19CBB66E1D037">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A89C4D8E3AEDA6987ACCE8434573EF69">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="58ED8A8FB73E92B62F4ADC95DA3CFE92">
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<mods:date id="72224E21727354FC4CB903676029388B">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D689F28E205D00C96B4C771AEC617A97">2020-06-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="13CB871CFC45716835DC93D6C5A2BF02">4792</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="B7982397A154E6CAB6F0E4D3D61BB06F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="2B11403D6B91CE5BF202255C1D615A19">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="3AB920A74E8521CBFC7EA762E1AFD286">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D7FD588516768E10CDABDDD1C488D9ED" type="CLB-Dataset">21681</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5944AB552164D4FC147B8069EC24E1FD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4792.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C6454BF71CF3D24755AD637F556186D9" type="GBIF-Dataset">dd8ef826-0c0f-4261-b127-1d1afa7f5601</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B33FBC9CE373F2D4BB61BE26E63502BB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D5ECF6B4B91520A1DEA9E4CBC09A19FA" type="Zenodo-Dep">3895976</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D6F13724A090D1415D44DBF7B64FE7A6" type="ZooBank">326F6A15-216E-439A-AD59-3CDF7551D3F6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039687D1FF9D652E9FA4FA8D40EFC4C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5686560" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164612426" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5686560" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687D1FF9D652E9FA4FA8D40EFC4C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687D1FF9D652E9FA4FA8D40EFC4C3" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFF9D65119FA4FA8D46E2C143" box="[151,679,1377,1404]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF9D65119FA4FA8D46E2C143" blockId="31.[151,679,1377,1439]" box="[151,679,1377,1404]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D0C881ABFF9D65119FA4FA8D46E2C143" bold="true" box="[151,679,1377,1404]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119FA4FA8D46E2C143" ID-CoL="XTHP" authority="(Ashmead, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[151,679,1377,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119FA4FA8D46E2C143" bold="true" box="[151,679,1377,1404]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119FA4FA8D458BC144" bold="true" box="[151,462,1377,1404]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Conostigmus californicus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FF9D65119EEEFA8D46DAC143" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[477,671,1377,1403]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref99024" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1893) A monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 45, 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.45.1" type="journal article" year="1893">Ashmead, 1893</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFF9D652E9FA4FA6947BBC4EF" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF9D65119FA4FA69455EC1A7" blockId="31.[151,679,1377,1439]" box="[151,283,1413,1439]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<figureCitation id="13042A42FF9D65119FA4FA6944B6C1A7" box="[151,243,1413,1439]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1260,1285]" captionTargetBox="[151,1398,273,1235]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,273,1235]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 16. Conostigmus californicus (Ashmead, 1893) male lectotype (USNMENT01339748), lateral habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3896008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3896008/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13042A42FF9D65119FCCFA69455EC1A7" box="[255,283,1413,1439]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1493,1518]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1467]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,181,1467]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 17. Conostigmus californicus (Ashmead, 1893) male lectotype (USNMENT01339748). A. Dorsal view. B. Dorsal view of the frons. C. Lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3896010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3896010/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">17</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF9D65119FA4FA2040E1C26B" blockId="31.[151,1437,1484,2015]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119FA4FA20464BC1DF" bold="true" box="[151,526,1484,1511]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Species Comments and History.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FF9D65119D27FA21468BC1DF" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[532,718,1485,1511]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 472" refId="ref99024" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1893) A monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 45, 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.45.1" type="journal article" year="1893">Ashmead (1893)</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119C76FA214017C1DF" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" box="[837,1106,1485,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Megaspilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119C76FA214017C1DF" box="[837,1106,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Megaspilus californicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from a single male specimen, relying mostly on characters related to color, microsculpture and antennal ratios. Kieffer transferred the species from
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119FE5F9F94512C217" authorityName="Westwood. Kieffer" authorityYear="1909" box="[214,343,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Megaspilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119FE5F9F94512C217" box="[214,343,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Megaspilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119E4EF9F94621C217" authorityName="Dahlbom" authorityYear="1858" box="[381,612,1557,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119E4EF9F9464AC217" box="[381,527,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Conostigmus</emphasis>
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(1909)
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</taxonomicName>
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, then redescribed the species and keyed it out with other males from the Nearctic, again relying mainly on coloration, microsculpture and antennal characters (1914).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF9D65119FF4F9B14675C330" blockId="31.[151,1437,1484,2015]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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The male
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<typeStatus id="54848865FF9D65119E09F9B145E4C24F" box="[314,417,1629,1655]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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present at the USNM is in good condition, and bears the following characteristics: wings present and macropterous, postocellar furrow present, preoccipital furrow present, anterior end of the preoccipital furrow ending at the postocellar furrow, facial pit present, median process on the intertorular carina present and acute, rugose region on upper face present, and sternaulus present and elongate (exceeding 3/4 of mesopleuron length at the level of the sternaulus).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF9D65119FF4F8FD4524C3AF" blockId="31.[151,1437,1484,2015]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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This species has a similar habitus to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119D51F8FD4748C313" baseAuthorityName="Boheman" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[610,781,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119D51F8FD4748C313" box="[610,781,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. abdominalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119C00F8FD4782C313" authorityName="Whittaker" authorityYear="1930" box="[819,967,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119C00F8FD4782C313" box="[819,967,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. pulchellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and it shares the elongate sternaulus, but it lacks the facial sulcus found in both of these species. While
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119C61F8D947BCC377" authorityName="Trietsch" authorityYear="2020" box="[850,1017,1845,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiharpes">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119C61F8D947BCC377" box="[850,1017,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. longiharpes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also resembles this species and lacks the facial sulcus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119E69F8B54645C34B" authorityName="Trietsch" authorityYear="2020" box="[346,512,1881,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiharpes">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119E69F8B54645C34B" box="[346,512,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. longiharpes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also lacks an elongate sternaulus and postocellar carina, both of which are present in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119F87F891451EC3AF" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" box="[180,347,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Megaspilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119F87F891451EC3AF" box="[180,347,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. californicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF9D652E9FF4F84D47BBC4EF" blockId="31.[151,1437,1484,2015]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1437,153,251]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Though
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119E15F84D4588C383" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" box="[294,461,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Megaspilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119E15F84D4588C383" box="[294,461,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. californicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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does not appear to be the same as any other Nearctic
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF9D65119B1DF84D4085C383" authorityName="Dahlbom" authorityYear="1858" box="[1070,1216,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF9D65119B1DF84D4085C383" box="[1070,1216,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Conostigmus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species that we are aware of, male genitalia characters would help to confirm whether this is a different species or just an odd specimen. Unfortunately, we were unable to dissect out the male genitalia of the
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<typeStatus id="54848865FFA2652E9C94FF754792C48B" box="[935,983,153,179]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">type</typeStatus>
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specimen or locate any other specimens for dissection. We consider
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FFA2652E9EFDFF5146A8C4EF" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[462,749,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Megaspilidae" genus="Conostigmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFA2652E9EFDFF5146A8C4EF" box="[462,749,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Conostigmus californicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFA2652E9C15FF5247B2C4EF" box="[806,1015,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">species inquirenda</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325654CFFA2652E9FF4FF0C40EFC4C3" box="[199,1194,224,251]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8036C7FFA2652E9FF4FF0C40EFC4C3" blockId="32.[151,1437,153,251]" box="[199,1194,224,251]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FFA2652E9FF4FF0C45F2C4C3" bold="true" box="[199,439,224,251]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material Examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B573C9AFFA2652E9E8DFF0D40EFC4C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636226354" box="[446,1194,225,251]" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" location="California" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54848865FFA2652E9E8DFF0D466BC4C3" box="[446,558,225,251]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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male:
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<collectingCountry id="F3287657FFA2652E9D49FF0D46F3C4C3" box="[634,694,225,251]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">USA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49FBF825FFA2652E9DF2FF0D4772C4C3" box="[705,823,225,251]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">California</collectingRegion>
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: USNMENT01339748 (
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<collectionCode id="ED2EAE02FFA2652E9B74FF0D40DBC4C3" box="[1095,1182,225,251]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
|
).
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
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|
</document> |