447 lines
54 KiB
XML
447 lines
54 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="495EBEE6FA775334D9F4E1D5E3828BA7">Shallow water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the 2002 NOWRAMP cruise to the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1EEC3B722D92D3DBEFF270A4E9AFAF89" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2A5B08D302578272C77A51528673288C">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7F5F03829E210ED454D7A51E8D271770">Faucci, Anuschka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="89D2B72E9998E320E1F9A9A07714EFED" type="email">anuschka@hawaii.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="55DAA39370607A57B11F799E6A45EF96">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C4B347ED2E965D933A84F3D7A7F3FF9D">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B1F1976B8DFF3A3DDB05C87ACCF8C281">2021-12-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="222FE2797D3354F348246BDC8852FAF4">5085</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1031293D4E956308A9361F9C6C865709" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5085.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039687B70D08E04C7DA0213F65EFF9A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687B70D08E04C7DA0213F65EFF9A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687B70D08E04C7DA0213F65EFF9A1" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<subSubSection id="C325652A0D08E04D7DA0213F6651F979" box="[151,576,1647,1674]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8036A10D08E04D7DA0213F6651F979" blockId="44.[151,576,1647,1709]" box="[151,576,1647,1674]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<heading id="D0C881CD0D08E04D7DA0213F6651F979" bold="true" box="[151,576,1647,1674]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D08E04D7DA0213F6651F979" bold="true" box="[151,576,1647,1674]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D08E04D7DA0213F65A8F97A" authorityName="Calder & Faucci" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,441,1647,1674]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="longibrachia" status="nom. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D08E04D7DA0213F65A8F97A" bold="true" box="[151,441,1647,1674]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Halopteris longibrachia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27857C80D08E04D7CF0213F6651F979" box="[455,576,1647,1673]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C325652A0D08E04D7DA021C3651AF95D" box="[151,267,1683,1709]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036A10D08E04D7DA021C3651AF95D" blockId="44.[151,576,1647,1709]" box="[151,267,1683,1709]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<figureCitation id="13042A240D08E04D7DA021C3651AF95D" box="[151,267,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1640,1664]" captionTargetBox="[229,1354,191,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-19@43.[217,1371,181,1617]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 13. Kirchenpaueriidae and Halopterididae. a, Pycnotheca producta (Bale, 1881), part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae, Laysan Island, ROMIZ B5481. Scale equals 0.1 mm. b, Antennella secundaria (Gmelin, 1791), part of hydrocaulus with two hydrothecae, Midway Atoll, ROMIZ B5454. Scale equals 0.1 mm. c, Antennella secundaria (Gmelin, 1791), part of a colony to show branching, Midway Atoll, ROMIZ B5455. Scale equals 0.5 mm. d, Antennella secundaria (Gmelin, 1791), part of hydrocaulus, and base of a hydrocladium with a hydrotheca, Midway Atoll, ROMIZ B5455. Scale equals 0.1 mm. e, Halopteris alternata (Nutting, 1900), part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae, Laysan Island, ROMIZ B5458. Scale equals 0.1 mm. f, Halopteris alternata (Nutting, 1900), part of hydrocaulus, with a cauline hydrotheca and proximal end of a hydrocladium, Laysan Island, ROMIZ B5458. Scale equals 0.1 mm g, Halopteris longibrachia, nom. nov., part of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecae, Gardner Pinnacles, ROMIZ B5459. Scale equals 0.1 mm. h, Halopteris longibrachia, nom. nov., female gonotheca, Pearl & Hermes Atoll, ROMIZ B5461. Scale equals 0.1 mm. i, Halopteris longibrachia, nom. nov., part of hydrocaulus with a male gonotheca, Gardner Pinnacles, ROMIZ B5459. Scale equals 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5802956" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5802956/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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Fig.
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<quantity id="4CC79B440D08E04D7DFC21C364E2F95D" box="[203,243,1683,1709]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="g" value="13.0">13g</quantity>
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–i
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325652A0D08E04D7DA021876705F91F" box="[151,788,1751,1776]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8036A10D08E04D7DA021876705F91F" blockId="44.[151,788,1751,1776]" box="[151,788,1751,1776]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2F118F0D08E04D7DA021876705F91F" box="[151,788,1751,1776]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10B00D08E04D7DA0218766D0F91F" author="Billard, A." box="[151,705,1751,1776]" page="25" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1913">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D08E04D7DA0218766D0F91F" authority="Billard, 1913: 25" authorityName="Billard" authorityPageNumber="25" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,705,1751,1776]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="polymorpha" variety="sibogae">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D08E04D7DA02187659AF91F" box="[151,395,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Plumularia polymorpha</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D08E04D7C8A2187661DF91F" box="[445,524,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">sibogae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D08E04D7F25218766D0F91F" author="Billard, A." box="[530,705,1751,1776]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref50639" refString="Billard, A. (1913) Les hydroides de l'Expedition du Siboga. I. Plumulariidae. Siboga-Expeditie, Monographie, 7 a, 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1913">Billard, 1913: 25</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 16.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325652A0D08E04D7DA0204E64F8F81D" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8036A10D08E04D7DA0204E6020F8C8" blockId="44.[151,1437,1821,2029]" box="[151,1073,1821,1849]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B573CFC0D08E04D7DA0204E603CF8C8" box="[151,1069,1821,1849]" country="Indonesia" elevation="32" latitude="-1.7083333" location="Raja Ampat" longLatPrecision="130" longitude="130.79167" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D08E04D7DA0204E6527F8C7" bold="true" box="[151,310,1821,1848]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<typeStatus id="548488030D08E04D7DA0204E64C3F8C8" box="[151,210,1822,1848]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F32876310D08E04D7C0B204E65BCF8C8" box="[316,429,1822,1848]" name="Indonesia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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:
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<location id="8EE0607A0D08E04D7C8F204E6651F8C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687B70D08E04C7DA0213F65EFF9A1:8EE0607A0D08E04D7C8F204E6651F8C8" box="[440,576,1822,1848]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-1.7083333" longLatPrecision="130" longitude="130.79167" name="Raja Ampat" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Raja Ampat</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B50660D08E04D7F7C204E66A1F8C9" box="[587,688,1822,1849]" degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="42.5" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="92" value="-1.7083333">1°42.5’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B50660D08E04D7F8B204E672EF8C9" box="[700,831,1822,1849]" degrees="130" direction="east" minutes="47.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="92" value="130.79167">130°47.5’E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CC79B440D08E04D7E7C204E6795F8C8" box="[843,900,1822,1848]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="32.0">
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||
<elevation id="0012D1920D08E04D7E7C204E6795F8C8" box="[843,900,1822,1848]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="32.0">32 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D08E04D7EA5204E6034F8C8" author="Billard, A." box="[914,1061,1822,1848]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref50639" refString="Billard, A. (1913) Les hydroides de l'Expedition du Siboga. I. Plumulariidae. Siboga-Expeditie, Monographie, 7 a, 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1913">Billard 1913</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036A10D08E04D7DF0201264F8F81D" blockId="44.[151,1437,1821,2029]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D08E04D7DF02012658CF8AB" bold="true" box="[199,413,1857,1884]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Voucher material.</emphasis>
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Gardner Pinnacles, on rubble,
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<date id="FF8110610D08E04D7FC42012677CF8AC" box="[755,877,1858,1884]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2002-09-14">14.ix.2002</date>
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, two colonies or colony fragments, to
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<quantity id="4CC79B440D08E04D78252012614CF8AC" box="[1298,1373,1858,1885]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
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high, with gonothecae, coll. A. Faucci,
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<collectionCode id="ED2EAE640D08E04D7F232036667FF870" box="[532,622,1894,1920]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
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B5459.—Gardner Pinnacles, on
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D08E04D7ED02036611FF870" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[999,1294,1894,1920]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Macrorhynchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="phoenicea">
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||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D08E04D7ED02036611FF870" box="[999,1294,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Macrorhynchia phoenicea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<date id="FF8110610D08E04D782A20366186F870" box="[1309,1431,1894,1920]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2002-09-14">14.ix.2002</date>
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, two colonies, to
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<quantity id="4CC79B440D08E04D7C7E20DA6599F854" box="[329,392,1930,1956]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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high, without gonothecae, coll.A. Faucci,
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<collectionCode id="ED2EAE640D08E04D7E6E20DA67A2F854" box="[857,947,1930,1956]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
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B5460.—Pearl & Hermes Atoll,
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<date id="FF8110610D08E04D782A20DA6186F854" box="[1309,1431,1930,1956]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2002-09-19">19.ix.2002</date>
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, four colonies or colony fragments, to
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<quantity id="4CC79B440D08E04D7F7D20FE6689F838" box="[586,664,1966,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="cm" value="1.7">1.7 cm</quantity>
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high, one colony with female gonothecae, coll. A. Faucci,
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<collectionCode id="ED2EAE640D08E04D787520FE618DF838" box="[1346,1436,1966,1992]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
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B5461.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325652A0D09E04C7DF027C76572FF09" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B8036A10D09E04C7DF027C76572FF09" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7DF027C7655FFF41" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,177]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The replacement specific name
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7FFE27C7674BFF41" authorityName="Calder & Faucci" authorityYear="2021" box="[713,858,151,177]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="longibrachia">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7FFE27C7674BFF41" box="[713,858,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">longibrachia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is derived from the Latin words
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<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C79D727C7613AFF41" box="[1248,1323,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">longus</emphasis>
|
||
, meaning long, and
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||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7C3127EB6560FF25" box="[262,369,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">brachium</emphasis>
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, meaning arm, in reference to the exceptionally long, arm-like lateral nematothecae that distinguish this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C325652A0D09E04C7DF0265365EFF9A1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D09E04C7DF0265366C0FDE9" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7DF02653652AFEED" bold="true" box="[199,315,259,285]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Originally described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7F7D26536091FEED" authority="Billard, 1913" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[586,1152,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="polymorpha" variety="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F7D26536746FEED" box="[586,855,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Plumularia polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7EBA265367F5FEED" box="[909,996,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7EDD26536091FEED" author="Billard, A." box="[1002,1152,259,285]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref50639" refString="Billard, A. (1913) Les hydroides de l'Expedition du Siboga. I. Plumulariidae. Siboga-Expeditie, Monographie, 7 a, 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1913">Billard, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species was recently elevated to species rank by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7CFC2677668EFEB1" author="Galea, H. R. & Di Camillo, C. G. & Maggioni, D. & Montano, S. & Schuchert, P." box="[459,671,295,321]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="21 - 59" refId="ref57177" refString="Galea, H. R., Di Camillo, C. G., Maggioni, D., Montano, S. & Schuchert, P. (2018) A reassessment of Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with descriptions of three new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 125, 21 - 59." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Galea
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F2426776655FEB1" box="[531,580,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7FFE2677605EFEB1" authority="(Billard, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Billard" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[713,1103,295,321]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7FFE2677678EFEB1" box="[713,927,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Halopteris sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7E9A26776056FEB1" author="Billard, A." box="[941,1095,295,321]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref50639" refString="Billard, A. (1913) Les hydroides de l'Expedition du Siboga. I. Plumulariidae. Siboga-Expeditie, Monographie, 7 a, 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1913">Billard, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species is a morphologically striking one in having unusually long lateral nematothecae that extend well beyond the rim of the hydrothecae. Other morphological differences setting it apart from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7E36263F605DFE79" authority="Billard, 1913" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[769,1100,367,393]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7E36263F67BDFE79" box="[769,940,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7E81263F605DFE79" author="Billard, A." box="[950,1100,367,393]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref50639" refString="Billard, A. (1913) Les hydroides de l'Expedition du Siboga. I. Plumulariidae. Siboga-Expeditie, Monographie, 7 a, 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1913">Billard, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include an interesting colour difference in living specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7CC226C366A8FE5D" author="Galea, H. R. & Di Camillo, C. G. & Maggioni, D. & Montano, S. & Schuchert, P." box="[501,697,403,429]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="21 - 59" refId="ref57177" refString="Galea, H. R., Di Camillo, C. G., Maggioni, D., Montano, S. & Schuchert, P. (2018) A reassessment of Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with descriptions of three new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 125, 21 - 59." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Galea
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F0926C3667EFE5D" box="[574,623,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). While hydranths of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7E9026C36041FE5D" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[935,1104,403,429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7E9026C36041FE5D" box="[935,1104,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are yellow everywhere, those of the so-called
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7C7A26E765D6FE21" baseAuthorityName="Billard" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[333,455,439,465]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7C7A26E765D6FE21" box="[333,455,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are mostly yellow on the stems but white on the cladia. The distinctness of the species has been further confirmed by 16S DNA sequences (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7FD2268B67BDFE05" author="Galea, H. R. & Di Camillo, C. G. & Maggioni, D. & Montano, S. & Schuchert, P." box="[741,940,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="21 - 59" refId="ref57177" refString="Galea, H. R., Di Camillo, C. G., Maggioni, D., Montano, S. & Schuchert, P. (2018) A reassessment of Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with descriptions of three new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 125, 21 - 59." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Galea
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7E18268B6770FE05" box="[815,865,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It occurs in a clade well-separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C78B6268B650FFDE9" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polymorpha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C78B6268B650FFDE9" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7C8526AF66DCFDE9" authority="Galea, 2008" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2008" box="[434,717,511,537]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="vervoorti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7C8526AF662AFDE8" box="[434,571,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. vervoorti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7F7526AF66DCFDE9" author="Galea, H. R." box="[578,717,511,537]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref56815" refString="Galea, H. R. (2008) On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles. Zootaxa, 1878 (1), 1 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1878.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Galea, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D09E04C7DF025736601FD3D" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Nomenclaturally, however,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7F35257367B7FDCD" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[514,934,547,573]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="polymorpha" variety="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F3525736703FDCD" box="[514,786,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Plumularia polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7E78257367B7FDCD" box="[847,934,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7EFE257360B8FDCD" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1911" box="[969,1193,547,573]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7EFE257360B8FDCD" box="[969,1193,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Plumularia sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C798D25736182FDCD" baseAuthorityName="Billard" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1210,1427,547,573]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C798D25736182FDCD" box="[1210,1427,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Halopteris sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is a permanently invalid junior primary homonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7E3525176092FD91" authority="Billard, 1911" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1911" box="[770,1155,583,609]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7E35251767F3FD91" box="[770,994,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Plumularia sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7EDB25176092FD91" author="Billard, A." box="[1004,1155,583,609]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="67 - 71" refId="ref50596" refString="Billard, A. (1911) Note preliminaire sur les especes nouvelles de Plumulariidae de l'Expedition du " Siboga ". Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, Notes et Revue, 5 e Serie, 8, 67 - 71." type="journal article" year="1911">Billard, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a different species now assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7C2C253B6625FD75" authority="Allman, 1877" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[283,564,619,645]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Capnodiaceae" genus="Antennella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Capnodiales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7C2C253B6585FD75" box="[283,404,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Antennella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7CAD253B6625FD75" author="Allman, G. J." box="[410,564,619,645]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref49272" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15852" type="journal article" year="1877">Allman, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ICZN, 1999, Art. 57.2). With no available and potentially valid synonyms in existence for the rejected junior primary homonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7FE925DF67ADFD59" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1911" box="[734,956,655,681]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7FE925DF67ADFD59" box="[734,956,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Plumularia sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7EFC25DF60CDFD59" authorityName="Calder & Faucci" authorityYear="2021" box="[971,1244,655,681]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="longibrachia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7EFC25DF60CDFD59" box="[971,1244,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Halopteris longibrachia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is proposed here as a new replacement name for it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D09E04C7DF0258765F9FB8D" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Other halopteridids with exceptionally long lateral nematothecae and nematothecal apophyses include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7875258765D3FCE5" authority="(Stechow, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Stechow" baseAuthorityYear="1925" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Corhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7875258764EFFCE5" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Corhiza valdiviae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7C3825AB65ABFCE5" author="Stechow, E." box="[271,442,762,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="383 - 546" refId="ref69425" refString="Stechow, E. (1925) Hydroiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer ' ' Valdivia' ' 1898 - 1899, 17, 383 - 546" type="journal article" year="1925">Stechow, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, assigned to the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7E3125AB67B6FCE5" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[774,935,763,789]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Thamnopteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7E3125AB67B6FCE5" box="[774,935,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Thamnopteros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Galea, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C797225AB6176FCE5" author="Galea, H. R. & Maggioni, D." box="[1093,1383,763,789]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref57412" refString="Galea, H. R. & Maggioni, D. (2020) Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program. European Journal of Taxonomy, 708, 1 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2020.708" type="journal article" year="2020">Galea & Maggioni, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7DA0244F6574FCC9" authority="Galea" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,357,799,825]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Thamnopteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uniserius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7DA0244F650BFCC8" box="[151,282,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">T. uniserius</emphasis>
|
||
Galea
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7CB9244F66BAFCC9" author="Galea, H. R. & Maggioni, D." box="[398,683,799,825]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref57412" refString="Galea, H. R. & Maggioni, D. (2020) Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program. European Journal of Taxonomy, 708, 1 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2020.708" type="journal article" year="2020">Galea & Maggioni, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, colonies of the latter two differ greatly from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C78B6244F6539FCAD" authorityName="Calder & Faucci" authorityYear="2021" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="longibrachia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C78B6244F6539FCAD" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. longibrachia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in being much larger (to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B440D09E04C7F0B24136691FCAD" box="[572,640,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="cm" value="40.0">40 cm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7F9624136733FCAD" baseAuthorityName="Stechow" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[673,802,835,861]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Corhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F9624136733FCAD" box="[673,802,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">T. valdiviae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B440D09E04C7E7D241367B2FCAD" box="[842,931,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="cm" value="17.2">17.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7EF324136057FCAC" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[964,1094,835,860]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Thamnopteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uniserius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7EF324136057FCAC" box="[964,1094,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">T. uniserius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B440D09E04C7959241260A8FCAD" box="[1134,1209,834,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
high in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7825241364D6FC71" authorityName="Calder & Faucci" authorityYear="2021" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="longibrachia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7825241364D6FC71" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. longibrachia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and in having polysiphonic stems (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7F6F243766EAFC71" author="Stechow, E." box="[600,763,870,897]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="383 - 546" refId="ref69425" refString="Stechow, E. (1925) Hydroiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer ' ' Valdivia' ' 1898 - 1899, 17, 383 - 546" type="journal article" year="1925">Stechow 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7E312437678AFC71" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[774,923,870,897]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref63991" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7E9124376046FC71" author="Schuchert, P." box="[934,1111,871,897]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref68162" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Galea, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C79FB243764C5FC55" author="Galea, H. R. & Maggioni, D." pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref57412" refString="Galea, H. R. & Maggioni, D. (2020) Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program. European Journal of Taxonomy, 708, 1 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2020.708" type="journal article" year="2020">Galea & Maggioni 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Other characters distinguishing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7F7924DB66C0FC55" baseAuthorityName="Stechow" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[590,721,907,933]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Corhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F7924DB66C0FC55" box="[590,721,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">T. valdiviae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C7EB524DB6003FC55" box="[898,1042,907,933]" name="South Africa" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C797E24DB60F1FC55" box="[1097,1248,907,933]" name="Mozambique" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
, are provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7DA024FF655AFC39" author="Stechow, E." box="[151,331,942,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="383 - 546" refId="ref69425" refString="Stechow, E. (1925) Hydroiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer ' ' Valdivia' ' 1898 - 1899, 17, 383 - 546" type="journal article" year="1925">Stechow (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7C6124FF65ECFC39" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[342,509,942,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref63991" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7F0F24FF66EDFC39" author="Schuchert, P." box="[568,764,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref68162" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Characters distinguishing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C791D24FF60BDFC38" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[1066,1196,943,968]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Thamnopteros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uniserius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C791D24FF60BDFC38" box="[1066,1196,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">T. uniserius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C785024FF651AFC1D" name="New Caledonia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, have been summarized by Galea, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7F9C248367C1FC1D" author="Galea, H. R. & Maggioni, D." box="[683,976,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref57412" refString="Galea, H. R. & Maggioni, D. (2020) Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program. European Journal of Taxonomy, 708, 1 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2020.708" type="journal article" year="2020">Galea & Maggioni (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7EEC2483618DFC1D" authority="Vervoort, 1966" authorityName="Vervoort" authorityYear="1966" box="[987,1436,979,1005]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="infundibulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7EEC248360FFFC1D" box="[987,1262,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Halopteris infundibulum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C79C22483618DFC1D" author="Vervoort, W." box="[1269,1436,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="97 - 174" refId="ref70494" refString="Vervoort, W. (1966) Bathyal and abyssal hydroids. Galathea Report, 8, 97 - 174." type="journal article" year="1966">Vervoort, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has a pair of long lateral nematothecae, but adjacent to each one, at the base of the same apophysis, is a smaller, much shorter nematotheca. Its hydrocladia differ in appearing essentially unsegmented. The species is known from bathyal depths off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C7C47236F661DFBA9" box="[368,524,1087,1113]" name="New Zealand" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FBF8430D09E04C7F72236F6717FBA9" box="[581,774,1087,1113]" country="New Zealand" name="Chatham Islands" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Chatham Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C7E71236F67E6FBA9" box="[838,1015,1087,1113]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7930236F60A1FBA9" author="Vervoort, W." box="[1031,1200,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="97 - 174" refId="ref70494" refString="Vervoort, W. (1966) Bathyal and abyssal hydroids. Galathea Report, 8, 97 - 174." type="journal article" year="1966">Vervoort 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7989236F64C3FB8D" author="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E." pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 538" refId="ref70700" refString="Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (thecate hydroids). National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Biodiversity Memoir, 119, 1 - 538. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1910. tb 01918. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort & Watson 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7DEB233365CCFB8D" author="Ansin Agis, J. & Vervoort, W. & Ramil, F." box="[220,477,1123,1149]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="33 - 61" refId="ref49657" refString="Ansin Agis, J., Vervoort, W. & Ramil, F. (2009) Hydroids of the family Halopterididae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) collected in the western Pacific by various French expeditions. Zoosystema, 31, 33 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / z 2009 n 1 a 3" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ansín Agís
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7C5623336583FB8D" box="[353,402,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D09E04C7DF023D764C9FA15" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7C0023D765F8FB51" authorityName="Calder & Faucci" authorityYear="2021" box="[311,489,1159,1185]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="longibrachia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7C0023D765F8FB51" box="[311,489,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. longibrachia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranges at least from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C7FC123D7677FFB51" box="[758,878,1159,1185]" name="Seychelles" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7E4C23D7608CFB51" author="Millard, N. A. H. & Bouillon, J." box="[891,1181,1159,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref64023" refString="Millard, N. A. H. & Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annales du Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, serie In- 8 °, Sciences Zoologiques, 206, 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1973">Millard & Bouillon, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C79F323D764FFFB35" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="polymorpha" variety="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C79F323D7617CFB51" box="[1220,1389,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7DA023FB64FFFB35" box="[151,238,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to the Hawaiian Archipelago (this report), it has been reported infrequently. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="548488030D09E04C79A423FB60D2FB35" box="[1171,1219,1195,1221]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C787923FB64CAFB19" author="Billard, A." pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref50639" refString="Billard, A. (1913) Les hydroides de l'Expedition du Siboga. I. Plumulariidae. Siboga-Expeditie, Monographie, 7 a, 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1913">Billard (1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7C3F239F66B8FB19" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[264,681,1231,1257]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="polymorpha" variety="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7C3F239F6606FB19" box="[264,535,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Plumularia polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F65239F66B8FB19" box="[594,681,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) consisted of two colonies from Raja Ampat,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C798C239F613AFB19" box="[1211,1323,1231,1257]" name="Indonesia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected during the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7C2523A366BCFAFD" authority="Expedition. Schuchert (1997" authorityName="Expedition. Schuchert" authorityYear="1997" box="[274,685,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7C2523A36571FAFD" box="[274,352,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Siboga</emphasis>
|
||
Expedition.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7CC623A366BCFAFD" author="Schuchert, P." box="[497,685,1267,1293]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref68162" refString="Schuchert, P. (1997) Review of the family Halopterididae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 309, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1997">Schuchert (1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7FEF23A36003FAFD" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[728,1042,1267,1293]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="polymorpha" variety="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7FEF23A36793FAFD" box="[728,898,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7E8C23A36003FAFD" box="[955,1042,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) examined those
|
||
<typeStatus id="548488030D09E04C79EC23A36108FAFD" box="[1243,1305,1267,1293]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, along with specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C7CB7224765E9FAC1" box="[384,504,1303,1329]" name="Seychelles" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
reported by Millard & Bouillon. Horia Galea collected numerous fertile colonies from two shipwrecks at
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FBF8430D09E04C7C94226B65C5FAA5" box="[419,468,1339,1365]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Bali</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C7CE8226B665DFAA5" box="[479,588,1339,1365]" name="Indonesia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7F6D226B670DFAA5" author="Galea, H. R. & Di Camillo, C. G. & Maggioni, D. & Montano, S. & Schuchert, P." box="[602,796,1339,1365]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="21 - 59" refId="ref57177" refString="Galea, H. R., Di Camillo, C. G., Maggioni, D., Montano, S. & Schuchert, P. (2018) A reassessment of Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with descriptions of three new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 125, 21 - 59." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Galea
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F93226B66C5FAA5" box="[676,724,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7E73226B67ACFAA5" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1911" box="[836,957,1339,1365]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7E73226B67ACFAA5" box="[836,957,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Others examined in the same report were found on a reef north of Hoga Island in the Tukang Besi Archipelago,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C7E91220F6007FA89" box="[934,1046,1375,1401]" name="Indonesia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, by G. Allard. A record from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32876310D09E04C786B220F618DFA89" box="[1372,1436,1375,1401]" name="Japan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7D8E22D36570FA6D" author="Hirohito & The Showa Emperor" box="[185,353,1411,1437]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref59709" refString="Hirohito, The Showa Emperor (1983) Hydroids from Izu Oshima and Niijima. Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo, 83 pp." type="book" year="1983">Hirohito (1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7CBD22D366AEFA6D" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[394,703,1411,1437]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="polymorpha" variety="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7CBD22D36623FA6D" box="[394,562,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F5F22D366AEFA6D" box="[616,703,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) has been viewed with uncertainty (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C797822D36103FA6D" author="Galea, H. R. & Di Camillo, C. G. & Maggioni, D. & Montano, S. & Schuchert, P." box="[1103,1298,1411,1437]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="21 - 59" refId="ref57177" refString="Galea, H. R., Di Camillo, C. G., Maggioni, D., Montano, S. & Schuchert, P. (2018) A reassessment of Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with descriptions of three new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 125, 21 - 59." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Galea
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C79AF22D360D9FA6D" box="[1176,1224,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Specimens examined here from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were found at Gardner Pinnacles and Pearl & Hermes Atoll.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D09E04C7DF022BF677AF9F9" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1617]" box="[199,875,1518,1545]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7DF022BF65C9F9F8" bold="true" box="[199,472,1518,1545]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Reported Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Hawaiian archipelago. First record.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036A10D09E04C7DF0214365EFF9A1" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Elsewhere. Western Pacific (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C7F32214366D7F9DD" author="Galea, H. R. & Di Camillo, C. G. & Maggioni, D. & Montano, S. & Schuchert, P." box="[517,710,1555,1581]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="21 - 59" refId="ref57177" refString="Galea, H. R., Di Camillo, C. G., Maggioni, D., Montano, S. & Schuchert, P. (2018) A reassessment of Halopteris polymorpha (Billard, 1913 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), with descriptions of three new species. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 125, 21 - 59." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Galea
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7F792143666EF9DD" box="[590,639,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7FD9214367D2F9DD" baseAuthorityName="Billard" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[750,963,1555,1581]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Stypocaulaceae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Chromista" order="Sphacelariales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7FD9214367D2F9DD" box="[750,963,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Halopteris sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Indian Ocean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B500D09E04C794A21436189F9DD" author="Millard, N. A. H. & Bouillon, J." box="[1149,1432,1555,1581]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref64023" refString="Millard, N. A. H. & Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annales du Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, serie In- 8 °, Sciences Zoologiques, 206, 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1973">Millard & Bouillon 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D220D09E04C7D81216765FCF9A1" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[182,493,1591,1617]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="polymorpha" variety="sibogae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7D812167654EF9A1" box="[182,351,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">H. polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAB30D09E04C7CA1216765FCF9A1" box="[406,493,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sibogae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |