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<document id="A404CAC548FF020308A48D12CD4B6072" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.10396362" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1707168658757" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian &amp; Grishin, Nick V." docDate="2023" docId="03810139FF93BB1CC0CAFD1BE74FB49E" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2023.1026.1-115.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2023 (26)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10396362" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Gubrus lubens Zhang &amp; Cong &amp; Grishin 2023, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="FFB87941FFDFBB50C00AFF56E355B262" masterDocTitle="Supplementary Materials and Appendix" masterLastPageNumber="115" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1707169288913" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="E3708057AEF0BE883234F3DDEDA06CF7">Supplementary Materials and Appendix</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="21D5278F59B4B98B4528992422C9B3C5">Zhang, Jing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BFC80D8A2CF0837127C67C36E6AB9520">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7AD7B01259578A6D8CF5FE969C64D5C0">Cong, Qian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="650AFBC0D32F398DF3AADB780B6794F3">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4A62A65AE7B309762DDE020D790BEDE1">Grishin, Nick V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7E13151F631822CA5EB7FA018349F0B8">Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 9050 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D32D2BD85B5BDE9237FCF2274DC9FE8B">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5321E04E52BEC3373A006F58139B5D31">2023</mods:date>
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC0CAFD1BE1D7B008" bold="true" box="[192,642,589,618]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC0CAFD1BE2B4B008" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Cong &amp; Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[192,481,589,618]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gubrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lubens" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC0CAFD1BE220B008" bold="true" box="[192,373,589,618]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Gubrus lubens</emphasis>
Grishin
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,
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https://zoobank.org/
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(
<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFF93BB1CC0C2FDC4E252B0CF" box="[200,263,658,685]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="70.[192,261,1272,1296]" captionTargetBox="[192,1439,282,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-322@70.[192,1440,279,1245]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 7. Phylogenetic trees of Moncina (part 3) and Flagina inferred from protein-coding regions in a) the Z chromosome and b) the mitochondrial genome (in segments). See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
part, 183184, 418420)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF93BB1CC0CAFDEAE7D8B7E8" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC0CAFDEAE2BEB0B4" bold="true" box="[192,491,700,726]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Definition and diagnosis.</emphasis>
Phylogenetic trees reveal that a specimen from
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,
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, placed in the USNM collection among possible new species of “
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC2AFFD88E1A9B09A" box="[677,764,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Vehilius</emphasis>
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” is a distant sister of
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC3FDFD88E7FFB09A" box="[1015,1194,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Gubrus lugubris</emphasis>
(Lindsey, 1925)
</taxonomicName>
(
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locality in
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) that was previously in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC2E3FDA9E0B8B17B" authority="Godman, 1900" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[745,1005,767,793]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Vehilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC2E3FDA9E015B17B" box="[745,832,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Vehilius</emphasis>
Godman, 1900
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF93BB1CC3F1FDA9E778B17B" box="[1019,1069,767,793]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC480FDA9E3ADB159" authority="Mabille, 1891" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1891" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Cobalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illudens">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC480FDA9E66AB17B" box="[1162,1343,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Cobalus illudens</emphasis>
Mabille, 1891
</taxonomicName>
, a subspecies of
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC1A1FC77E1C2B159" box="[427,663,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Pamphila stictomenes</emphasis>
Butler, 1877
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFF93BB1CC330FC77E029B159" box="[826,892,801,827]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="70.[192,261,1272,1296]" captionTargetBox="[192,1439,282,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-322@70.[192,1440,279,1245]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 7. Phylogenetic trees of Moncina (part 3) and Flagina inferred from protein-coding regions in a) the Z chromosome and b) the mitochondrial genome (in segments). See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
): e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 10.8% (71 bp), a large divergence likely caused by an elevated evolutionary rate in this lineage and its sister genus
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC51BFC14E20BB11C" authority="Scudder, 1872" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Callimormus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC51BFC14E6F5B13E" box="[1297,1440,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Callimormus</emphasis>
Scudder, 1872
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF93BB1CC167FC32E2CAB11C" box="[365,415,868,894]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC1F6FC32E0C2B11C" authority="Scudder, 1872" authorityName="Scudder" authorityYear="1872" box="[508,919,868,894]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Callimormus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juventus">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC1F6FC32E1BBB11C" box="[508,750,868,894]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Callimormus juventus</emphasis>
Scudder, 1872
</taxonomicName>
), and therefore represents a new species in the previously monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC1F7FCD0E11AB1C2" authorityName="Grishin" authorityYear="2022" box="[509,591,902,928]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gubrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC1F7FCD0E11AB1C2" box="[509,591,902,928]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Gubrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This new species is distinct in its appearance and is recognized among small brown
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC105FCF1E2C0B1A3" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[271,405,935,961]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hesperiidae</taxonomicName>
by rounder hindwing, without produced tornus in males, uniformly colored wings without paler veins and on the forewing with three pale-yellow spots in a line near the bases of forewing cells CuA
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- CuA
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, M
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-CuA
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, and M
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-M
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and a small paler area instead of a developed spot in cell R
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-M
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; fringes are paler and indistinctly checkered. This species is not cryptic and is diagnosed reliably by phenotype. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly349.39.4:A117G, aly824.21.1:T348C, aly824.21.1:G351C, aly770.22.2:T84G, aly770.22.2:T120C, aly536.107.1:A129A (not C), aly536.107.1:G135G (not A), aly595.10.1:G801G (not A), aly9855.3.1:C140C (not T), aly1405.20.4:T18T (not C), and COI barcode: T22G, A79C, A379G, A529C, T619A.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC0CAFBEAE11BB6B4" bold="true" box="[192,590,1212,1238]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">
Barcode sequence of the
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF93BB1CC1EAFBEAE11CB6B4" box="[480,585,1212,1238]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Sample NVG-19019B12, GenBank OR837706, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGGATTTGAGCAGGAATATTAGGAACTTCATTAAGATTATTAATTCGTACAGAATTAGGCAATCCTGGATCTTTAATT GGGGATGACCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTTACAGCCCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGTTTTGGTAATT GATTAGTCCCTTTAATACTAGGAGCCCCTGATATAGCATTTCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGAATATTGCCCCCCTCACTAATATTATTAAT TTCTAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGTGCAGGAACAGGTTGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTCTTCTAATATTGCCCATCAAGGTTCATCGGTTGATTTA GCAATTTTTTCCCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCATCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACTATCATTAACATACGAATTAAAAATCTTTCAT TTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTTTGATCAGTAGGTATTACAGCCTTACTTTTACTTTTATCTTTACCAGTATTAGCTGGAGCTATTACTATACTTCT AACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCTTTTTTTGATCCAGCTGGAGGAGGTGACCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC0CAFACAE239B7D7" bold="true" box="[192,364,1435,1462]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Type material.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC17FFACAE2BCB7D4" bold="true" box="[373,489,1436,1462]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">
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:
</emphasis>
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deposited in the
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF32A55FF93BB1CC486FACAE6C9B7D4" box="[1164,1436,1436,1462]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Smithsonian Institution</collectingMunicipality>
,
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</paragraph>
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<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFF93BB1CC0CAFAEBE21CB7B5" box="[192,329,1469,1495]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Washington</collectingRegion>
,
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,
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF93BB1CC18DFAEBE2E9B7B5" box="[391,444,1469,1495]" name="United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFF93BB1CC1C0FAEBE14AB7B5" box="[458,543,1469,1495]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
), illustrated in
<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFF93BB1CC2CEFAEBE003B7B5" box="[708,854,1469,1495]" captionStart="Figures 173194" captionStartId="103.[192,271,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[199,1430,339,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-75@103.[194,1442,333,1695]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="Figures 173194. Holotypes, data in text. 173174) Dion occida sp. n. 175176) Eprius (Eprius) veledinus sp. n. 177178) Radiatus panamensis sp. n. 179180) Pheraeus pulcher sp. n. 181182) Callimormus rades sp. n. 183184) Gubrus lubens sp. n. 185186) Ludens labens sp. n. 187188) Rigga isa sp. n. 189190) Flaccilla lactea sp. n. 191192) Falga athena sp. n. 193194) Panoquina jay sp. n." pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Fig. 183184</figureCitation>
, bears the following six rectangular labels, five white: [
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF93BB1CC0DAFA89E206B79B" box="[208,339,1503,1529]" name="Ecuador" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFF93BB1CC150FA89E2DEB79B" box="[346,395,1503,1529]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Loja</collectingRegion>
| Loja-Catamayo Rd. | Km 28
<quantity id="4CD01DCAFF93BB1CC2D5FA89E079B79B" box="[735,812,1503,1529]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800m</quantity>
| 16 May 88 | S. S. Nicolay], [
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FF93BB1CC483FAB6E7CBB79E" box="[1161,1182,1504,1532]" count="1" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="male"></specimenCount>
genitalia | slide/vial # | H989 | Prep. S.S. Nicolay], [
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC1F7F956E10DB478" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[509,600,1536,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Vehilius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Vehilius</taxonomicName>
| n. sps. | Det. | S.S. Nicolay], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-19019B12 | c/o Nick
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF93BB1CC0B5F975E09BB404" blockId="76.[191,1441,1436,1598]" lastBlockId="76.[192,974,1612,1638]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFF93BB1CC0B5F975E387B45F" box="[191,210,1571,1597]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. Grishin], [USNMENT | {QR Code} | 01532564], and one red [
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF93BB1CC3A6F974E768B45E" box="[940,1085,1570,1596]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FF93BB1CC449F975E70DB45D" box="[1091,1112,1571,1599]" count="1" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="male"></specimenCount>
|
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC466F974E65AB45E" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Cong &amp; Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[1132,1295,1570,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gubrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lubens">Gubrus lubens</taxonomicName>
| Grishin].
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC0CAF91AE20EB407" bold="true" box="[192,347,1611,1638]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Type locality.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF93BB1CC16BF91AE296B404" box="[353,451,1612,1638]" name="Ecuador" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFF93BB1CC1C7F91AE13CB404" box="[461,617,1612,1638]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Loja Province</collectingRegion>
, km 28 of
<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFF93BB1CC2D7F91AE044B404" box="[733,785,1612,1638]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Loja</collectingRegion>
Catamayo road.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF93BB1CC0CAF923E27FB4B0" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF93BB1CC0CAF923E27FB4B0" blockId="76.[191,1441,1653,1746]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC0CAF923E211B4ED" bold="true" box="[192,324,1653,1679]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</emphasis>
In Latin,
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC1A6F923E150B4ED" baseAuthorityName="Lindsey" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[428,517,1653,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gubrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lugubris">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC1A6F923E150B4ED" box="[428,517,1653,1679]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">lugubris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
means sad, and
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF93BB1CC2B2F923E1ABB4ED" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Cong &amp; Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[696,766,1653,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Gubrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lubens">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC2B2F923E1ABB4ED" box="[696,766,1653,1679]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">lubens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
means happy, merry, joyful, willing, ready, or eager. This new species is happy to be the second species of this genus and is eager to be described here. The name is a masculine adjective.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF93BB1CC0CAF9B4E74FB49E" box="[192,1050,1762,1788]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF93BB1CC0CAF9B4E74FB49E" blockId="76.[192,1050,1762,1788]" box="[192,1050,1762,1788]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF93BB1CC0CAF9B4E20EB49E" bold="true" box="[192,347,1762,1788]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</emphasis>
Currently known only from the
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF93BB1CC2CDF9B4E07CB49E" box="[711,809,1762,1788]" pageId="76" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
collected in
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF93BB1CC3BDF9B4E742B49E" box="[951,1047,1762,1788]" name="Ecuador" pageId="76" pageNumber="75">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>