200 lines
25 KiB
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200 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432" ID-GBIF-Dataset="654566e8-947b-4dfe-8fbc-baea3d254fa8" ID-PMC="PMC6965333" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-901-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D8C38C1C3844549F8BEC7C1D884CDF8E" ID-PubMed="31975782" ModsDocID="1313-2970-901-1" checkinTime="1578615027095" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Balkenohl, Michael" docDate="2020" docId="3DA2BF1D525551E98E77ADE2617A7375" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 901: 1-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 901" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432" docTitle="Salcedia africana" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="D8C38C1C3844549F8BEC7C1D884CDF8E" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="D8C38C1C3844549F8BEC7C1D884CDF8E" masterDocTitle="A genus in disguise. Revision of the genus Salcedia Fairmaire, 1899 with descriptions of nine new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae, Salcediini)" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668168267548" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A genus in disguise. Revision of the genus Salcedia Fairmaire, 1899 with descriptions of nine new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae, Salcediini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Balkenohl, Michael</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>901</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>81</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-901-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D8C38C1C3844549F8BEC7C1D884CDF8E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161671760" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3DA2BF1D525551E98E77ADE2617A7375" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3DA2BF1D525551E98E77ADE2617A7375" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="3DA2BF1D-5255-51E9-8E77-ADE2617A7375" authority="(Britton, 1947)" baseAuthorityName="Britton" baseAuthorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Salcedia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salcedia africana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">Salcedia africana (Britton, 1947)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 8–13" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 8 - 13. Salcedia species, habitus, dorsal view, holotype 8 S. perrieri Fairmaire 9 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 10 S. faillei sp. nov. 11 S. coquilhati Alluaud 12 S. elongata Alluaud 13 S. africana (Britton)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures8-13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370608" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 26–35" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 26 - 35. Salcedia species, pronotum, dorsal view 26 S. perrieri Fairmaire 27 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 28 S. faillei sp. nov. 29 S. coquilhati Alluaud 30 S. elongata Alluaud 31 S. africana (Britton) 32 S. schoutedeni Alluaud 33 S. nigeriensis Alluaud 34 S. putzeysi (Oberthuer) 35 S. matsumotoi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures26-35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370611" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 31</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Salcedia species, left elytron, basal half, dorsal view 44 S. perrieri Fairmaire 45 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 46 S. elongata Alluaud 47 S. africana (Britton) 48 S. schoutedeni Alluaud 49 S. nigeriensis Alluaud 50 S. baroensis sp. nov. 51 S. miranda (Andrewes)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370613" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 47</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Salcedia species, male genitalia, dorsal view of aedeagus (a) and parameres (b, c), lateral view (d). Small sketches in black symbolising the apex in cross section 52 S. perrieri Fairmaire 53 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 54 S. faillei sp. nov. 55 S. coquilhati Alluaud 56 S. elongata Alluaud 57 S. africana (Britton)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370614" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 57</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 68–76" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 68 - 76. Salcedia species, female coxostyli (gonopod IX) and laterotergite IX (epipleutite IX) 68 S. perrieri Fairmaire 69 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 70 S. coquilhati Alluaud 71 S. elongata Alluaud 72 S. africana (Britton) 73 S. schoutedeni Alluaud 74 S. nigeriensis Alluaud 75 S. putzeysi (Oberthuer) 76 S. matsumotoi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures68-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370617" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 72</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 84. Map of tropical Africa providing an overview of the occurrence of all African Salcedia species described to date (recorded localities plotted). 1 (black S. perrieri Fairmaire; 2 (white) S. unifoveata sp. nov.; 3 (black circle) S. faillei sp. nov.; 4 (red) S. coquilhati Alluaud; 5 (yellow) S. elongata Alluaud; 6 (blue) S. africana (Britton); 7 (orange) S. utetea sp. nov.; 8 (grey) S. procera sp. nov.; 9 (light green) S. robusta sp. nov.; 10 (turquoise) S. schoutedeni Alluaud; 11 (purple) S. lukulua sp. nov.; 12 (dark green) S. tuberculata sp. nov.; 13 (brown) S. baroensis sp. nov.; 14 (light blue) S. nigeriensis Alluaud; 16 (dark blue) S. putzeysi (Oberthuer); 17 (black) S. matsumotoi sp. nov.;? in a circle (twice): collection locality of a single female Salcedia specimen of uncertain species. Basic schematic map of Africa taken from SimpleMappr. net." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370619" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 84</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Britton" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Zelma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelma africana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">Zelma africana</taxonomicName>
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Britton, 1947: 126.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Britton" baseAuthorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Salcedia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salcedia africana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">Salcedia africana</taxonomicName>
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(Britton, 1947):
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<bibRefCitation author="Reichardt, H" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira Entomologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="99 - 110" refId="B38" refString="Reichardt, H, 1975. The genera of Salcediina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritini). Revista Brasileira Entomologia 19: 99 - 110" title="The genera of Salcediina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritini)." volume="19" year="1975">Reichardt 1975</bibRefCitation>
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: 103;
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<bibRefCitation author="Dostal, A" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="117 - 121" refId="B24" refString="Dostal, A, 1993. Beschreibung einer neuen Gattung aus Vietnam: Androzelma gen. nov. (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae: Salcediini). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen 45: 117 - 121" title="Beschreibung einer neuen Gattung aus Vietnam: Androzelma gen. nov. (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae: Salcediini)." volume="45" year="1993">Dostal 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 121;
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<bibRefCitation author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Printed by the author, Tutzing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B34" refString="Lorenz, W, 2005. Systematic list of extant Ground Beetles of the World (InsectaColeoptera "Geadephaga": Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodidae), Second Edition. Printed by the author, Tutzing" title="Systematic list of extant Ground Beetles of the World (InsectaColeoptera " Geadephaga ": Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodidae), Second Edition." year="2005">Lorenz 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 155.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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: ♀, with labels and data: white, printed, with red line "N.Rhodesia:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="N’Changa">N'Changa</normalizedToken>
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. C.T.Macnamara. B.M.1931-179." / white, handwritten "HOLOTYPE. Zelma Africana Britton" / white, circle, black printed, with red circle
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Type”">"Type"</normalizedToken>
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(BMNH).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remark.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">In the holotype, the following parts are missing: Mentum and half of the mouthparts including glossa, ligula and mentum, right antennae from joint eight onwards, parts of left front tibia and all left front tarsomeres, right meso tarsomeres. Head, pronotum and hind body were glued.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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1 ♀, ZAMBIA LUSAKA PROVINCE 30 km S LUSAKA 16.-17.12.2002 A. KUDRNA JR. LGT. (CBB); 1 ♀, ZAMBIA CENTRAL PROVINCE 15 km S KAPIRI MPOSHI 30.11.2002 A. KUDRNA JR. LGT. (CBB); 1 ♀, Zambia, Copperbelt Prov. 60 km SE of Kitwe, 13.7.2002 F. & L. Kantner lgt. (SMNS); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, 1 spec., ZAMBIA COPPERBELT 50 km W CHINGOLA 31.12.02-2.1.03 A. KUDRNA JR. LGT. (CBB); 2 specs., ZAMBIA COPPERBELT 45 km SE KITWE 12.-15.01.2003 A. KUDRNA JR. LGT. (CBB); 1 ♂, 1 spec., ZAMBIA: CENTRAL PR. 6.5 km N Chunga, 1100 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-14.994445">14°59'40"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="11" value="26.019722">26°01'11"E</geoCoordinate>
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4.XII.2010, open central Zambezian & Miombo woodland light trap, F.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Génier">Genier</normalizedToken>
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, 2010-43 (CBP); 1 spec., ZAMBIA 30.xi.2002 KAPIRI MPOSHI env. Central prov. F. & L. Kantner leg. (CBP); 2 ♂, ZAMBIA 19./30.XI.14NW Province Chimfunsi Wildlifereserve
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="21.762" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.3626995">12°21.762'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="30.911" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.515182">27°30.911'E</geoCoordinate>
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P.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Schüle">Schuele</normalizedToken>
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leg. (CBP); 2 ♂, ZAMBIA C. 40 km N Kabwe Sungala school env. 22.11.2004
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Snižek">Snizek</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tichý">Tichy</normalizedToken>
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lgt. / Coll. A. DOSTAL (CDW); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, 12 specs., N.RHODESIA: Mwinilunga District, Ikelenge, nr. Kalene Zambetsi Rapids. / E.Pinhey. 3.v.1963. M.V. Light trap. B.M.1963-742.; 1 spec. with add. label "
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salcedia africana</emphasis>
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(Britt.) J. Balfour-Brown det. 1963" (BMNH, CBB); 2 ♂, ZAMBIA 1346 m Kambishi School
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<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-11.761666">11°45'42"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="25.480556">25°28'50"E</geoCoordinate>
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10-13.xi2017. Actinic Light Trap. / Carter,M., Lloyd,A., Miles,W., Oram,D., Smith,R. leg. ANHRT: 2017:27, ZM-011 BMNH(E) 2017-194 / label with barcode and NHMUK013685510 (BMNH); 1 spec., MUSEUM PARIS
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ZAMBÈZE">ZAMBEZE</normalizedToken>
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NOVA CHOUPANGA
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PRÈS">PRES</normalizedToken>
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CHEMBA P. LESNE 1929 (MNHN).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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A large species, with oblong-elongate nearly parallel outline of the elytra with maximum width at middle and the pronotum with three complete additional carinae. The pseudohumerus is slightly obtuse angular and distinctly dentate. The antennomeres are super-moniliform. Distinguished most clearly from the similar species
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the pronotum with convex lateral margin and angles not projecting anteriorly, and with complete inner and outer lateral carinae. Moreover, in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. elongata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="elongata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. elongata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the antennomeres are moniliform, interneur four of the elytron is somewhat shortened at base, and the front tibia shows four lateral teeth. The second similar species,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. procera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="procera">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. procera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. is much smaller, its antennomeres are sub-moniliform, and the elytra are super-elongate with the lateral outline slightly concave.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Measurements in Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Measurements and ratios of Salcedia species. N = number of specimens measured; x ̄ = arithmetic mean; " term used " refers to the shape of the elytra." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FDDA58A1B347C9F0593A738CF707345F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="FDDA58A1B347C9F0593A738CF707345F">1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour and surface:</emphasis>
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Piceous, areas between carinae and pits shiny; lateral fifth of pronotum fuscous; mandibles and legs piceous, antennae hinnuleous, palpi leoninous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head:</emphasis>
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Three-quarters of pronotum width. Outline shaped like a frustum of a pyramid. Clypeus wide, straight anteriorly, fused with clypeal wings, separated from supra-antennal plates by distinct notches, with transverse elevated field at middle, separated from frons by deep transverse furrow. Frons with two raised paramedian carinae, joining anteriorly, prolonged anteriorly into a central small but distinctly erected tubercle, with two small rectangular glossy teeth bilaterally anterior to central tubercle, with two parallel carinae paralaterally near base; frons and clypeus separated from supra-antennal and supraorbital plates by deep broad furrows, each furrow with deep longitudinal pit between supra-antennal plate and clypeus; supra-antennal and supraorbital plates distinctly margined, margin raised, carina-like, at supraorbital plates indistinctly crenulated, supra-antennal plates slightly vaulted, surface of supraorbital and supra-antennal plates with numerous small flat irregular impressions. Basal border emarginated at middle, distinctly and obtuse angled laterally (angle 118-119°). Eyes convex, with transverse-rectangular shape in lateral view, with small part clearly visible in dorsal view; genae slightly convex, with small indistinct notch anterior angle. Antenna with segments five to ten super-moniliform (L/W 1.1), densely pubescent, segments two to four scarcely pubescent, scapus, and pedicellus with longitudinal reticulation. Labrum clearly visible from above, convex anteriorly. Mandible moderately short, wide, slightly arcuate at apex. Epilobe of mentum wide, projecting and distinctly angled anteriorly, completely margined, surface covered with pits.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pronotum</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 26–35" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 26 - 35. Salcedia species, pronotum, dorsal view 26 S. perrieri Fairmaire 27 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 28 S. faillei sp. nov. 29 S. coquilhati Alluaud 30 S. elongata Alluaud 31 S. africana (Britton) 32 S. schoutedeni Alluaud 33 S. nigeriensis Alluaud 34 S. putzeysi (Oberthuer) 35 S. matsumotoi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures26-35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370611" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31</figureCitation>
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): Outline rectangular, transverse, one third wider than long. Lateral margin almost straight, slightly converging at anterior angles, maximum width at middle. Lateral margin distinctly crenulated, with twelve tubercles, with moderate emargination at posterior angles. Base straight laterally, with broad flat keel at middle. Disc, with two raised paramedian carinae parallel to median line, sinuate and diverging posteriorly, interrupted by notches, with median line small but longer and ending in pits anteriorly and posteriorly, with four additional shorter carinae bilaterally, the paralateral one joining with the paramedian carinae at base and forming tooth-like tubercle pointing posteriorly, extended anteriorly as distinctly raised paralateral carina. With shorter inner lateral carina and quite long outer lateral carina. Carinae nearly smooth on top. Lateral margin and space between lateral margin and paralateral carina wing-like bent up, with six large transverse pits.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Elytron</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Salcedia species, left elytron, basal half, dorsal view 44 S. perrieri Fairmaire 45 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 46 S. elongata Alluaud 47 S. africana (Britton) 48 S. schoutedeni Alluaud 49 S. nigeriensis Alluaud 50 S. baroensis sp. nov. 51 S. miranda (Andrewes)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370613" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47</figureCitation>
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): Indistinctly depressed in anterior half (lateral view), regularly convex in frontal view. Oblong-elongate, margin straight, parallel in anterior two thirds, maximum width at middle. Pseudohumerus slightly obtuse angular, distinctly dentate. Apex long-oval, edenticulate. Disc with interneur six indistinctly crenulated, interneur two running up to apical margin as parallel line, conspicuously raised; interneur four running in parallel at middle, slightly convex towards apex, not reaching apex, nearly reaching base.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hind wings:</emphasis>
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Fully developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lower surface:</emphasis>
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Antennal channel of pronotum with isodiametric reticulation. Pseudoepipleura with rows of indistinct flat hardly recognisable pits, lateral margin of elytron smooth. Metepisternum distinctly elongated, with broad longitudinal groove. Last visible sternum with acute longitudinal carina at middle, hollowed out laterally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs:</emphasis>
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Profemora with dorsal surface indistinctly irregularly reticulated. Protibia longer, with terminal spine curved at apex, laterally with five teeth of decreasing size, dorsally and ventrally with two carinae. Movable spur short, length a third of first tarsomere, curved ventrally. Meso- and metafemora of moderate length, slender. First tarsomeres distinctly elongated, almost as long as tarsomeres two to five together.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External sexual dimorphism:</emphasis>
|
||
Not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 52–57" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 52 - 57. Salcedia species, male genitalia, dorsal view of aedeagus (a) and parameres (b, c), lateral view (d). Small sketches in black symbolising the apex in cross section 52 S. perrieri Fairmaire 53 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 54 S. faillei sp. nov. 55 S. coquilhati Alluaud 56 S. elongata Alluaud 57 S. africana (Britton)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures52-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370614" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">57</figureCitation>
|
||
): Median lobe elongated, slender, in dorsal view regularly arcuate from base nearly up to apex, in lateral view straight at middle, sinuate at base and apex, with fine scattered pili in middle, apex spatulate, in cross section convex at apex, convexity directed ventrally. Oroficium of moderate size. Endophallus with two shorter groups of microtrichia, the broader one with more robust trichia, a second shorter group at the opposite side. Dorsal paramere long, slender, bisinuate, slightly distorted, with apophyses narrow; ventral one small, stub-like.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 68–76" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 68 - 76. Salcedia species, female coxostyli (gonopod IX) and laterotergite IX (epipleutite IX) 68 S. perrieri Fairmaire 69 S. unifoveata sp. nov. 70 S. coquilhati Alluaud 71 S. elongata Alluaud 72 S. africana (Britton) 73 S. schoutedeni Alluaud 74 S. nigeriensis Alluaud 75 S. putzeysi (Oberthuer) 76 S. matsumotoi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures68-76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370617" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72</figureCitation>
|
||
): Coxostylus robust, distinctly curved, with distinct carina dorsally in apical third, with obtuse hook-like apex somewhat rounded, at end of basal third with one large nematiform seta and six slender nematiform setae laterally, SSO with two microtrichia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation:</emphasis>
|
||
In a few specimens from Zambia, the outlines of the elytra are not exactly straight but show an indistinct convexity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 84. Map of tropical Africa providing an overview of the occurrence of all African Salcedia species described to date (recorded localities plotted). 1 (black S. perrieri Fairmaire; 2 (white) S. unifoveata sp. nov.; 3 (black circle) S. faillei sp. nov.; 4 (red) S. coquilhati Alluaud; 5 (yellow) S. elongata Alluaud; 6 (blue) S. africana (Britton); 7 (orange) S. utetea sp. nov.; 8 (grey) S. procera sp. nov.; 9 (light green) S. robusta sp. nov.; 10 (turquoise) S. schoutedeni Alluaud; 11 (purple) S. lukulua sp. nov.; 12 (dark green) S. tuberculata sp. nov.; 13 (brown) S. baroensis sp. nov.; 14 (light blue) S. nigeriensis Alluaud; 16 (dark blue) S. putzeysi (Oberthuer); 17 (black) S. matsumotoi sp. nov.;? in a circle (twice): collection locality of a single female Salcedia specimen of uncertain species. Basic schematic map of Africa taken from SimpleMappr. net." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370619" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">84</figureCitation>
|
||
). The holotype was found in the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="N’Changa">N'Changa</normalizedToken>
|
||
district in northern Zimbabwe, formerly Rhodesia. In addition, the species is known from localities in Zambia (Central Province up to Lusaka) at the upper and lower course of the Zambezi River.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |