176 lines
16 KiB
XML
176 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A0648708FFF0A18C1A91FB84" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Paracrocidura maxima Heim de Balsac 1959" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="471" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="471" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870070" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870070" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A0648708FFF0A18C1A91FB84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A0648708FFF0A18C1A91FB84" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<heading pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<subSubSection box="[125,207,2763,2809]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[122,1309,2763,2887]" box="[125,207,2763,2809]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<figureCitation box="[125,207,2763,2809]" captionStart="Plate 19: Soricidae" captionStartId="64.[118,148,3136,3161]" captionTargetBox="[11,2741,14,3634]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="182. Palawan Moss Shrew (Palawanosorex muscorum), 183. Pearson’s Long-clawed Shrew (Solisorex pearsoni), 184. Kelaart’s Long-clawed Shrew (Feroculus feroculus), 185. Etruscan Shrew (Suncus etruscus), 186. Sri Lankan Shrew (Suncus fellowesgordoni), 187. Malayan Pygmy Shrew (Suncus malayanus), 188. Bornean Pygmy Shrew (Suncus hosei), 189. Jungle Shrew (Suncus zeylanicus), 190. Asian House Shrew (Suncus murinus), 191. Sr 1 Lankan Highland Shrew (Suncus montanus), 192. Nilgir 1 Highland Shrew (Suncus niger), 193. Anderson’s Shrew (Suncus stoliczkanus), 194. Day’s Shrew (Suncus dayi), 195. Flores Shrew (Suncus mertensi), 196. Black Shrew (Suncus ater), 197. Taita Shrew (Suncus aequatorius), 198. Greater Dwarf Shrew (Suncus lixa), 199. Hutu-Tutsi Dwarf Shrew (Suncus hututsi), 200. Least Dwarf Shrew (Suncus infinitestmus), 201. Remy’s Pygmy Shrew (Suncus remyi), 202. Lesser Dwarf Shrew (Suncus varilla), 203. Climbing Shrew (Suncus megalurus), 204. Rwenzori Shrew (Ruwenzorisorex suncoides), 205. Johnston's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex johnstoni), 206. Akaibe’s Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex akaiber), 207. Moon Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex lunaris), 208. Greater Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex ollula), 209. Lesser Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex oriundus), 210. Bioko Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex isabellae), 211. Corbet’s Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex corbeti), 212. Bamenda Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex silvanorum), 213. Rainforest Shrew (Sylvisorex pluvialis), 214. Cameroonian Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex camerunensis), 215. Mount Cameroon Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex moro), 216. Kongana Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex konganensis), 217. Volcano Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex vulcanorum), 218. Grant's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex granti), 219. Howell's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex howelli), 220. Armored Hero Shrew (Scutisorex somereni), 221. Thor’s Hero Shrew (Scutisorex thor), 222. Greater Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura maxima), 223. Lesser Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura schoutedeni), 224. Grauer’s Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura graven), 225. Piebald Shrew (Diplomesodon pulchellus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871917/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">222.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[225,827,2763,2809]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[122,1309,2763,2887]" box="[225,827,2763,2809]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<vernacularName box="[225,827,2763,2809]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Greater Large-headed Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[895,1309,2763,2809]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[122,1309,2763,2887]" box="[895,1309,2763,2809]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Heim de Balsac" authorityYear="1959" box="[895,1309,2763,2809]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Paracrocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maxima">
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<emphasis box="[895,1309,2763,2809]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Paracrocidura maxima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[122,1309,2763,2887]" box="[124,1281,2826,2847]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[124,200,2826,2847]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[209,424,2826,2847]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Crocidure a téte large</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[445,535,2826,2847]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[545,809,2826,2847]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">GroflRe GroRRkopfspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[830,921,2826,2847]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[931,1281,2826,2847]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Musarana de cabeza grande mayor</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="76.[122,1309,2763,2887]" box="[124,526,2866,2887]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[124,371,2866,2887]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[380,526,2866,2887]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Greater Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[737,1331,2935,3357]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[737,892,2935,2964]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Heim de Balsac, 1959" authorityName="Heim de Balsac" authorityYear="1959" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Paracrocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maxima">Paracrocidura maxima Heim de Balsac, 1959</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[925,1208,2974,3003]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[737,1331,2935,3357]" box="[925,1208,2974,3003]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<materialsCitation box="[925,1208,2974,3003]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Tshibati" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" specimenCount="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A0648708FFF0A18C1A91FB84:B031AD99A0648708FC10A0D91650F442" box="[925,1038,2974,3003]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Tshibati" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Tshibati</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1054,1204,2974,3003]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[737,1331,2935,3357]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Heim de Balsac" authorityYear="1956" box="[738,918,3010,3043]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Paracrocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Paracrocidura</taxonomicName>
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seems to be nested in
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Crocidura</taxonomicName>
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, although its exact relationship to species in this large genus is uncertain, indicating that either
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Heim de Balsac" authorityYear="1956" box="[1045,1225,3128,3161]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Paracrocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Paracrocidura</taxonomicName>
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should be included in
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<taxonomicName box="[952,1076,3167,3200]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Crocidura</taxonomicName>
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or they should remain separate. At least
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<taxonomicName box="[1061,1239,3210,3239]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Paracrocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">P. schoutedeni</taxonomicName>
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seems to be closest to a clade containing
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goliath">Crocidura goliath</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1915" box="[967,1071,3293,3318]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batesi">C. batesi</taxonomicName>
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, but larger studies with more species are needed. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[125,1128,3368,3397]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871379" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871379" box="[125,1128,3368,3397]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871379/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" targetBox="[123,714,2943,3357]" targetPageId="76">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[125,1329,3368,3476]" box="[125,1128,3368,3397]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[125,301,3368,3397]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Distribution.</emphasis>
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EC DR Congo, SW Uganda, W Rwanda, and NW Burundi.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[125,1329,3368,3476]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[125,376,3411,3436]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 80-97 mm, tail 37-48 mm, ear 4-8 mm, hindfoot 14— 16 mm; weight 16-21 g. The Greater Large-headed Shrew is large, with dense and very
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="76.[1389,2597,287,1153]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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short pelage and large head with small ears. Dorsum and venter are blackish gray to dark grayish brown. Tail is ¢.53% of head-body length, very fat, and covered by long bristle hairs. Females have two inguinal mammae. Skull has box-shaped braincase in dorsal view, and incisors are spade-like at tips. They have well-developed temporalis muscles. There are three unicuspids. Dental formula for all species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Heim de Balsac" authorityYear="1956" box="[2386,2566,445,478]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Paracrocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Paracrocidura</taxonomicName>
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is 13/2, C1/0,P 1/1, M3/3 (2) =28.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[1389,2597,287,1153]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1390,1501,523,556]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Primarily montane primary and secondary forests (recorded once in lowland rainforest) at elevations of 1600-2680 m (one record at 850 m).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1390,1891,608,637]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[1389,2597,287,1153]" box="[1390,1891,608,637]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1390,1652,608,637]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[1389,2597,287,1153]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1390,1525,641,674]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Breeding.</emphasis>
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A captive Greater Large-headed Shrew gave birth to one young in April. It weighed 1-6 g and was 25 mm in length. Litter size appears to be small.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1389,1863,726,755]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[1389,2597,287,1153]" box="[1389,1863,726,755]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1389,1624,726,755]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1391,2330,760,793]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[1389,2597,287,1153]" box="[1391,2330,760,793]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1391,2091,760,793]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[1389,2597,287,1153]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1391,1748,799,832]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Greater Large-headed Shrew seems to be rare because only c.19 specimens are currently known, although it might be locally common. Some deforestation has already occurred in lowlands around where it occurs, and it seems to be threatened by habitat loss associated with logging and conversion of land to agriculture. Greater Large-headed Shrews are found in Bwindi-Impenetrable Forest National Park, Rwenzori Mountains National Park, and Kibira National Park.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="76" pageNumber="471" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="76.[1389,2597,287,1153]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1393,1546,1084,1109]" pageId="76" pageNumber="471">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Hutterer (1986d), Hutterer & Kerbis Peterhans (2008), Hutterer, Van der Straeten & Verheyen (1987), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Kerbis Peterhans (2013a), Quérouil et al. (2001).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |