208 lines
24 KiB
XML
208 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CCF3A87350B0A9171B25CA25FC7CB886">Bioacoustics review of Anatolian species of the predatory bush-cricket genus Saga (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Saginae) with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B45530917B3B5736AEE9973557164483">Şirin, Deniz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7A70FD0B3F58E621E60B9F031BC9BAEC">Taylan, Mehmet Sait</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="47BACC2F809271F59A8B0455E8D0B5DC">Sevgili, Hasan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F4F92A0323B4FDD011C21062474C761F">Mol, Abbas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="979F0E9023AE976DB4592441E4CC5EFA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="66B3AA45D16FF91866FCD0ED3F48323D">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A418878DFF990E66FF21F952FB41FC81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5610202" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159349051" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5610202" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A418878DFF990E66FF21F952FB41FC81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A418878DFF990E66FF21F952FB41FC81" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection id="64AB6510FF990E67FF21F952FD06F921" box="[151,724,1693,1720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF990E67FF21F952FD06F921" blockId="6.[151,724,1693,1720]" box="[151,724,1693,1720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
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<heading id="774681F7FF990E67FF21F952FD06F921" bold="true" box="[151,724,1693,1720]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EBB14D18FF990E67FF21F952FD06F921" ID-CoL="78ZVM" authority="Fischer von Waldheim, 1846" authorityName="Fischer von Waldheim" authorityYear="1846" box="[151,724,1693,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Saga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephippigera">
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF990E67FF21F952FD06F921" bold="true" box="[151,724,1693,1720]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF990E67FF21F952FEB8F92E" bold="true" box="[151,362,1693,1720]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Saga ephippigera</emphasis>
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Fischer von Waldheim, 1846
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="64AB6510FF990E66FF21F92BFB41FC81" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF990E67FF21F92BFAFCF8FA" blockId="6.[151,1436,1764,2044]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF990E67FF21F92BFEE1F969" bold="true" box="[151,307,1764,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Distribution:</emphasis>
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This species was recorded from
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FD1FF92AFCDEF969" box="[681,780,1765,1791]" name="Turkey" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FCAEF92AFC84F969" box="[792,854,1765,1791]" name="Syria" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Syria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FCD5F92AFC76F969" box="[867,932,1765,1791]" name="Israel" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Israel</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FC06F92AFC2CF969" box="[944,1022,1765,1791]" name="Jordan" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Jordan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FBBEF92AFB54F969" box="[1032,1158,1765,1791]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FB27F92AFB24F969" box="[1169,1270,1765,1791]" name="Armenia" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Armenia</collectingCountry>
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, Caucasus and
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FF21F8C5FF16F8B2" box="[151,196,1802,1828]" name="Iran" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Iran</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FF64F8C6FE85F8B5" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[210,343,1801,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refId="ref11824" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1906) Orthoptera Saltatoria. Part I. (Achetidae et Phasgonuridae). A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera (Orthoptera Saltatoria, Locustidae vel Acridiidae). British Museum (Natural History), London, 562 pp." type="book" year="1906">Kirby 1906</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FED4F8C6FDF6F8B5" author="Kaltenbach, A." box="[354,548,1801,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="68 - 82" refId="ref11407" refString="Kaltenbach, A. (1964) Zur Systematik und Verbreitung der Raubheuschrecken (Tettigoniidae - Saginae), insbesondere der europaischen Arten der Gattung Saga Charpentier, Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 16, 68 - 82" type="journal article" year="1964">Kaltenbach 1964</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FD98F8C6FDBBF8B5" author="Kaltenbach, A." box="[558,617,1801,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="3 - 107" refId="ref11446" refString="Kaltenbach, A. (1967) Unterlagen fur eine Monographie der Saginae I. Superrevision der Gattung Saga Charpentier (Saltatoria: Tettigoniidae), Beitrage zur Entomologie, 17, 3 - 107." type="journal article" year="1967">1967</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FDC2F8C5FCDEF8B5" author="Ramme, W." box="[628,780,1800,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="260 - 343" refId="ref12291" refString="Ramme, W. (1951) Zur systematik, Faunistik und Biologie der Orthopteren von Sudost-Europa und Vorderasien. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Berlin, 27, 260 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 4830270108" type="journal article" year="1951">Ramme 1951</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FCAEF8C6FBDAF8B5" author="Bader, A. K. & Massa, B." box="[792,1032,1801,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="25 - 37" refId="ref9673" refString="Bader, A. K. & Massa, B. (2001) Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera) from Jordan with description of new species and redescription of less known species. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 10 (1), 25 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1665 / 1082 - 6467 (2001) 010 [0025: TOFJWD] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2001">Bader & Massa 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The distribution of species in
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FAD2F8C6FF1BF8D1" name="Turkey" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
|
||
is mostly in Eastern and South-Eastern parts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B48A2A1EFF990E67FD7FF8E2FCECF8DE" box="[713,830,1837,1864]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1518,1543]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,807,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,805,1499]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution map (A) and male calling song of Saga ephippigera (B—phrase series, C—two complete phrases and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movement and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383550/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
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||
) of it (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FC31F8E2FBFBF8D1" author="Karabag, T." box="[903,1065,1836,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refId="ref11519" refString="Karabag, T. (1958) Turkiye'nin Orthoptera faunasi. Sirketi Murettebiye Basimevi, Istanbul, 192 pp." type="book" year="1958">Karabağ 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FB82F8E2FB27F8D1" author="Kaltenbach, A." box="[1076,1269,1837,1863]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="3 - 107" refId="ref11446" refString="Kaltenbach, A. (1967) Unterlagen fur eine Monographie der Saginae I. Superrevision der Gattung Saga Charpentier (Saltatoria: Tettigoniidae), Beitrage zur Entomologie, 17, 3 - 107." type="journal article" year="1967">Kaltenbach 1967</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FAB6F8E2FF03F8FD" author="Karabag, T. & Gumussuyu, I. & Balamir, S. & Tutkun, E." pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="73 - 100" refId="ref11584" refString="Karabag, T., Gumussuyu, I., Balamir, S. & Tutkun, E. (1971) Turkiye Orthoptera Faunasinin Tespiti uzerine Arastirmalar. Bitki Koruma Bulteni, 11 (2), 73 - 100." type="journal article" year="1971">
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Karabağ
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||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF990E67FAD3F8E1FA47F8D1" box="[1381,1429,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 1971
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
, 1980;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FE92F89EFE06F8FD" author="Demirsoy, A." box="[292,468,1872,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refId="ref10298" refString="Demirsoy, A. (1975) Erzurum bolgesi Orthoptera (Insecta) faunasinin tespiti ve taksonomik incelenmesi. Ataturk Universitesi Yayinlari, Erzurum, 122 pp." type="book" year="1975">Demirsoy 1975</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FE56F89EFDA4F8FD" author="Salman, S." box="[480,630,1873,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refId="ref12385" refString="Salman, S. (1978) Agri, Kars ve Artvin illerinin Orthoptera (Insecta) Faunasi Uzerine Taksonomik Arastirmalar. Yayin 490. Ataturk Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Yayinlari 82, Erzurum, 184 pp." type="book" year="1978">Salman 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FD34F89EFC51F8FD" author="Sevgili, H. & Ciplak, B." box="[642,899,1873,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref12503" refString="Sevgili, H. & Ciplak, B. (2000) The Orthoptera of Sanliurfa province from the Mesopotomian part of the Turkey. Italian Journal of Zoology, 67, 229 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250000009356316" type="journal article" year="2000">Sevgili & Çıplak 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FC38F89EFBBEF8FD" author="Sevgili, H. & Demirsoy, A. & Durmus, Y." box="[910,1132,1873,1900]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="317 - 335" refId="ref12769" refString="Sevgili, H., Demirsoy, A. & Durmus, Y. (2012 b) Orthoptera fauna of Kemaliye (Erzincan). Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 40 (4), 317 - 335." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Sevgili
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||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF990E67FC52F89DFBC7F8FD" box="[996,1045,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48204B6AFF990E67FBCEF89EFAF4F8FA" author="Mol, A. & Taylan, M. S. & Demir, E. & Sirin, D." box="[1144,1318,1873,1900]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" pagination="75 - 98" refId="ref12094" refString="Mol, A., Taylan, M. S., Demir, E. & Sirin, D. (2016) Contribution to the knowledge of Ensifera (Insecta: Orthoptera) fauna of Turkey. Journal of Entomological Research Society, 18 (1), 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="2016">
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||
Mol
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||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF990E67FB1BF89DFB0CF8FD" box="[1197,1246,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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)
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF990E66FF71F8BBFCAEFED2" blockId="6.[151,1436,1764,2044]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,791]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF990E67FF71F8BBFE55F819" bold="true" box="[199,391,1908,1935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Song recording:</emphasis>
|
||
Male specimens are collected from
|
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<collectingCountry id="54A6760BFF990E67FCACF8BAFCBCF819" box="[794,878,1909,1935]" name="Turkey" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE75F879FF990E67FCC1F8BAFC3DF819" box="[887,1007,1909,1935]" country="Turkey" name="Adiyaman" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Adıyaman</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Çelikhan road, Sürgü Village plateau,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF990E67FF21F855FEF7F825" box="[151,293,1945,1972]" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="1.141" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" precision="1" value="38.019016">N 38°1.141’</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF990E67FE84F855FE19F825" box="[306,459,1945,1972]" degrees="038" direction="east" minutes="1.439" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" precision="1" value="38.023983">E 038°1.439’</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
|
||
<quantity id="EB499B7EFF990E67FE61F856FDFDF822" box="[471,559,1945,1972]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6119999999999997" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" unit="m" value="1612.0">1612 m</quantity>
|
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,
|
||
<date id="580F105BFF990E67FD8AF856FD6CF825" box="[572,702,1945,1971]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" value="2010-06-02">
|
||
02.
|
||
<collectionCode id="4AA0AE5EFF990E67FDE8F856FDACF825" box="[606,638,1945,1971]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
.2010
|
||
</date>
|
||
, leg.: D. Şirin, and the calling songs are recorded from one male at 27 ˚C in the room conditions (by D. Şirin),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE75F879FF990E67FD1FF872FCDDF841" box="[681,783,1981,2007]" country="Turkey" name="Erzincan" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Erzincan</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Kemaliye, Ocak Village,
|
||
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||
, N: 39° 08.732’ E: 38° 35.296’,
|
||
<date id="580F105BFF990E67FF4BF82EFE5BF86D" box="[253,393,2017,2043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" value="2012-07-03">03.VII.2012</date>
|
||
, leg.: D. Şirin & A. Mol, and the calling songs are recorded from one male at 25 ˚C in the laboratory conditions (by D. Şirin),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE75F879FF980E66FD9CFF56FD5DFF25" box="[554,655,153,179]" country="Turkey" name="Erzurum" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Erzurum</collectingRegion>
|
||
, between Oltu-Olur,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF980E66FCCCFF56FBD5FF25" box="[890,1031,153,179]" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="38.27" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" precision="9" value="40.637833">N 40°38.27’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF980E66FBA5FF56FB4FFF25" box="[1043,1181,152,179]" degrees="042" direction="east" minutes="7.52" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" precision="9" value="42.12533">E 042°7.52’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="EB499B7EFF980E66FB1FFF56FAD2FF25" box="[1193,1280,153,179]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.214" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="1214.0">1214 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="580F105BFF980E66FABAFF56FA4AFF25" box="[1292,1432,153,179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" value="2017-07-31">31.VII.2017</date>
|
||
, leg.: H. Sevgili, D. Şirin, A. Mol & M.S. Taylan, and the calling songs are recorded from one male at 25 ˚C in the laboratory conditions (by M.S. Taylan),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE75F879FF980E66FDD3FF2EFD7DFF6D" box="[613,687,225,251]" country="Turkey" name="Elazig" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Elazığ</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Sivrice, near Hazarbaba Ski Centre,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF980E66FBD6FF2EFB22FF6D" box="[1120,1264,224,251]" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="25.01" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" precision="9" value="38.416832">N 38°25.01’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4985505CFF980E66FB4BFF2EFA4AFF6D" box="[1277,1432,224,251]" degrees="039" direction="east" minutes="18.53" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" precision="9" value="39.308834">E 039°18.53’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="EB499B7EFF980E66FF21FECBFF3CFE89" box="[151,238,260,287]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.835" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="1835.0">1835 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="580F105BFF980E66FF4FFECAFE57FE89" box="[249,389,261,287]" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" value="2017-07-28">28.VII.2017</date>
|
||
, leg.: H. Sevgili, D. Şirin, A. Mol & M.S. Taylan, and the calling songs are recorded from one male at 28 ˚C in the room conditions (by D. Şirin & M.S. Taylan).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C0E369BFF980E66FF71FE83FB41FC81" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,791]" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FF71FE83FE6AFEF1" bold="true" box="[199,440,332,359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Description of song:</emphasis>
|
||
Totally, 28 records from six males were examined. The calling song consists of phrases (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B48A2A1EFF980E66FF29FEBEFEC1FE1A" box="[159,275,369,396]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1518,1543]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,807,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,805,1499]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution map (A) and male calling song of Saga ephippigera (B—phrase series, C—two complete phrases and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movement and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383550/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Figure 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
) with irregular intervals. Phrase durations vary between 0.15 and 0.42 s (0.21 ± 0.03) and each phrase contains 6–13 syllables (9.73 ± 1.14). The phrase begins with a characteristic and isolated
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FB2FFE5AFA44FE39" box="[1177,1430,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">first long hemisyllable</emphasis>
|
||
, which has a longer duration and a higher amplitude according to remaining/ordinary hemisyllables in phrase. The isolated first long hemisyllable durations are variable within intra and inter-populations of species (
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FAA5FE12FA97FE61" box="[1299,1349,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Oltu</emphasis>
|
||
: 14–33 ms;
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FF7FFDCEFED6FD8D" box="[201,260,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Ocak</emphasis>
|
||
: 24–26 ms,
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FE21FDCEFDC7FD8D" box="[407,533,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Hazarbaba</emphasis>
|
||
: 21–25 ms and
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FD65FDCEFCEAFD8D" box="[723,824,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Çelikhan</emphasis>
|
||
: 25–30 ms). After isolate
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FBDCFDCEFAA2FD8D" box="[1130,1392,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">first long hemisyllable,</emphasis>
|
||
the phrase continues with 6–9 lower amplitudes syllables (generally corresponds to 2/3 of phrase) and then continues with relatively higher amplitude syllables (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B48A2A1EFF980E66FDC1FD86FD3CFDF2" box="[631,750,585,612]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1518,1543]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,807,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,805,1499]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution map (A) and male calling song of Saga ephippigera (B—phrase series, C—two complete phrases and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movement and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383550/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Figure 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oscillographic analyses show that syllable periods duration varies between 14.16 and 33.89 ms (23.11 ± 1.98), and each syllable shows approximately a standard structure which is formulated as
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FE2BFD5EFB05FD3D" box="[413,1239,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">soft and long opening hemisyllable + loud and short closing hemisyllable</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B48A2A1EFF980E66FB53FD5EFA8FFD3A" box="[1253,1373,657,684]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1518,1543]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,807,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,805,1499]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Distribution map (A) and male calling song of Saga ephippigera (B—phrase series, C—two complete phrases and D—a group of syllables, black arrow is the hypothetic opening hemisyllable movement and grey arrow is the hypothetic closing hemisyllable movement)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3383550/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Figure 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The opening hemisyllables duration varies between 12.00–19.06 ms (14.86 ± 1.33), while closing hemisyllable lasts for 5.00–16.30 ms (9.11 ± 1.58). The phrase ends with
|
||
<emphasis id="1EC5EA89FF980E66FD6DFD16FC72FD65" box="[731,928,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">last hemi syllable</emphasis>
|
||
, which has longer duration than the previous hemisyllables in phrase and its duration varies between 15.44 and 24.05 ms (20.97 ± 1.51).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |