108 lines
15 KiB
XML
108 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="7EA2BDAE97AC469F1AEF786267CBAF69" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="559d3326-742b-4d51-a2a5-3a17be2aadd1" ModsDocID="z01512p001" checkinTime="1247398715028" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Uriel Angel Buitrago-Suárez & Brooks M. Burr" docDate="2007" docId="071EB65997FCF60274A7C387E40E105D" docLanguage="en" docName="2007_Biutrago-Suarez_Burr_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1512" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A7987452-69A5-4C79-B0F2-29B889EA3E1B" docTitle="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="2" masterDocId="A2A079D2DE2060E4E26286E1A32D57C0" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the catfish genus Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) with recognition of eight species." masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1701314632309" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5DEA3C3CA80AD83F774A1F9DF8037570">Taxonomy of the catfish genus Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) with recognition of eight species.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="604CE710A0DA56AA6D9A12A211D8268C">Uriel Angel Buitrago-Suárez</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0A7488082A2B0C7D625E2ABC564FAB16">Brooks M. Burr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="9FFB753D07EE2404F032546BE50CA9B9">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="901291FCF1752277323BC502C284D44D">1512</mods:number>
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<treatment id="071EB65997FCF60274A7C387E40E105D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6247949" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100117469" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6247949" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:071EB65997FCF60274A7C387E40E105D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/071EB65997FCF60274A7C387E40E105D" lastPageNumber="2" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="2AEE3AED03613BBD998CB45E37178ED2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="46A136F141CD9ABA12667FCF0905E4B6" pageNumber="1">
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[[ Genus
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<taxonomicName id="94BAF1109ECADA60C6E05FDE9E397138" ID-CoL="735X" ID-ENA="309910" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25A861B-8DAE-4D3E-93DE-9BBB19B28535" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker 1862:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker</taxonomicName>
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]]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86C7E65A951D23AE049C32F5ABC666F1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="D6758C4BDBC00632415FE59BCD220924" lastPageNumber="2" pageNumber="1">
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As recently delimited, the family Pimelodidae (Long-Whiskered Catfishes) is now restricted to about 30 genera and 90 recognized and known but unnamed species (Lundberg and Littmann, 2003), all of which are found in the fresh waters of South America and the lower Isthmian regions.
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<taxonomicName id="4216ED74E189ECD80333F53E0B09FF58" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25A861B-8DAE-4D3E-93DE-9BBB19B28535" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker 1862:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudoplatystoma</taxonomicName>
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, the subject of this revision, is a monophyletic (Buitrago-Suarez
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<normalizedToken id="B99CEDA5CC919F89537A7911289FFC42" originalValue="Suárez">, 2005</normalizedToken>
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) assemblage of boldly striped or spotted catfish populations placed in the family Pimelodidae. Standard references and catalogs record only three recognized species in the genus,
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<taxonomicName id="010942BB5241AEA061FB5DFEABB53501" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatum">P. fasciatum</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="0D536EFAFD23E5333CDDC2AAD55365B6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4273BD59-A1D7-4FA9-9831-1E9B2891DEFA" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Platystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Platystoma corruscans Spix & Agassiz 1829:26" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corruscans">P. corruscans</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A0BA49FDB5541F30C298A093FF696064" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01DF72E1-6947-4D0E-B598-2780D54AFC38" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Platystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Platystoma tigrinum Valenciennes 1840:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrinum">P. tigrinum</taxonomicName>
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(e.g., Burgess, 1989, Lundberg and Littmann, 2003). The diversity of this genus has been underestimated and their systematics are poorly known, in part, because geographic variation in morphology and coloration are displayed and because of a lack of taxonomic studies that firmly diagnose taxa and delimit species boundaries -a situation that has resulted in doubts of the status of such commercially important species as
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<taxonomicName id="EB93E539A0BF204E32DB2F3914BD6334" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01DF72E1-6947-4D0E-B598-2780D54AFC38" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Platystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Platystoma tigrinum Valenciennes 1840:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrinum">P. tigrinum</taxonomicName>
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. The absence of a critical review of the taxonomy reflects a lack of consensus on the number of species in the genus. Some authors consider
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<taxonomicName id="368BD918AFF848D30367AE631808B2F9" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01DF72E1-6947-4D0E-B598-2780D54AFC38" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Platystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Platystoma tigrinum Valenciennes 1840:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrinum">P. tigrinum</taxonomicName>
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as a synonym or simply as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="DB55479E6CDC4528DDD88473EF47371C" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatum">P. fasciatum</taxonomicName>
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(Burgess, 1989). Two of the nominal species do not have a designated primary type (
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<taxonomicName id="10D521B1DFD8154EEB6CDDD0E84313CE" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatum">P. fasciatum</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4FB97BE8A0EA0915D3B23A66AB4A7F94" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4273BD59-A1D7-4FA9-9831-1E9B2891DEFA" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Platystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Platystoma corruscans Spix & Agassiz 1829:26" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corruscans">P. corruscans</taxonomicName>
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), and another has no specified type locality (
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<taxonomicName id="548AFFF269598E39133B963691205125" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01DF72E1-6947-4D0E-B598-2780D54AFC38" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Platystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Platystoma tigrinum Valenciennes 1840:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrinum">P. tigrinum</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="0430C795BB19ED468F2D19FA911C029F" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatum">Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum</taxonomicName>
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was considered a widespread species in classical works (e.g., Eigenmann
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<pageStartToken id="B7E52E3D72E8525A8AE080E33C86270B" pageNumber="2">&</pageStartToken>
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Eigenmann, 1889, Eigenmann, 1912; Fowler, 1915; Schultz, 1944; Gosline, 1945; Miles, 1947; Ringuelet et al., 1967; Mago-Leccia, 1970; Dahl, 1971, Lauzanne & Loubens, 1985), with a range embracing each major river in the neotropics. However, every major drainage population differs in body shape, pigmentation, and anatomy. For example, the population in the Magdalena River, which is currently considered
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<taxonomicName id="B5A8661E5A23BEAC645BA0637C198F3A" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciatum">P. fasciatum</taxonomicName>
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(Eigenmann, 1922; Dahl, 1971), is distinguished by having unbranched rays in the caudal fin, and a distinctive notch in the suspensorium, and has been isolated from the others species since the uplift of the Cordillera Oriental (13-11.5 mya, Hoorn et al, 1995).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA13DDEF0D42BFFEBCCEBF1204C99AF3" pageNumber="2">
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The species of
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<taxonomicName id="B8B6C430CC190AC9F205A7A2B8AD7375" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25A861B-8DAE-4D3E-93DE-9BBB19B28535" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker 1862:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudoplatystoma</taxonomicName>
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reach large sizes and are familiar due to their distinctively marked color pattern. They often are referred to in the vernacular as "Bagre rayado" or "Pintadillo" (tiger catfish or tigershovelnose). Species of the genus also are recognized by having a depressed head, an occipital process extending backward to contact the predorsal plate, and a very long fontanel. They are found in diverse habitats (Reid, 1983) including large rivers, lakes, side channels, flooded forests, and floating meadows (Reid, 1983; Burgess, 1989). The known distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="B7DB351108BE54540DC3A4E7692F2C50" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25A861B-8DAE-4D3E-93DE-9BBB19B28535" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker 1862:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudoplatystoma</taxonomicName>
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includes the major river basins of South America:
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<normalizedToken id="ECC0DFE2CA2D098E901AD3F9AF5E078E" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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, Amazon, Orinoco,
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<normalizedToken id="BD49311A3799BFC7B9B47964CF805A31" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Francisco, Magdalena, Rupununi, Essequibo, and Suriname (Burgess, 1989). None of the nominal species has been reported from the Pacific basin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8C234DF5E1787C363B13466BDCD5CE08" pageNumber="2">
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="F4596EA39D3C2F576DBBBB67928BFDD6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25A861B-8DAE-4D3E-93DE-9BBB19B28535" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker 1862:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudoplatystoma</taxonomicName>
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are of considerable economic value and a few studies have summarized their general biology (e.g., Loubens & Panfili, 2000). Reports on general biology of
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<taxonomicName id="5963640B08C7011D7C60143096EAA8CA" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25A861B-8DAE-4D3E-93DE-9BBB19B28535" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker 1862:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudoplatystoma</taxonomicName>
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cover reproduction and migration (Goulding, 1980; Reid, 1983; Loubens & Aquim, 1986; Kossowski & Madrid, 1986; Reyes & Huq, 1990; Goulding et al., 1996; Loubens & Panfili, 2000), fishery biology (Cordiviola, 1966; Valderrama et al., 1988), habitat and growth (Reid, 1983), basic morphology (Diogo, 2005), and as hosts for trichomycterids (Machado & Sazima, 1983).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D0A056240A8B4AF41EFB6BA21DB2FA50" pageNumber="2">
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This work has several major aims: to recognize and diagnose the species of
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<taxonomicName id="A95007E0E3655C9CCFD503321EADA333" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25A861B-8DAE-4D3E-93DE-9BBB19B28535" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker 1862:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudoplatystoma</taxonomicName>
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, to apply correct names to the recognized species, to map their distributions, and to provide color photographs of fresh specimens taken in the field. Our taxonomic conclusions have significant implications for both the ornamental and commercial fishing industries in South America, because catch data have not distinguished the eight species recognized here and the potential impact of fishers on species of
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<taxonomicName id="17F72DAEA72A68D69E8DDB979575C115" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D25A861B-8DAE-4D3E-93DE-9BBB19B28535" family="Pimelodidae" genus="Pseudoplatystoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudoplatystoma Bleeker 1862:10" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudoplatystoma</taxonomicName>
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remains unknown, but certainly not inconsequential.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |