307 lines
35 KiB
XML
307 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="8644506C5165DC94345A624379579232" ID-CLB-Dataset="36172" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.400.6611" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a1a4245d-cd0a-431f-8556-fdb7816910c4" ID-PMC="PMC4023243" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-400-67" ID-PubMed="24843256" ID-ZooBank="91DC4784F49A4353B4C8DC0F67B1EF92" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-400-67" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 400" ModsDocTitle="A new species of the paper wasp genus Polistes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in Europe revealed by morphometrics and molecular analyses" checkinTime="1451245992475" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Neumeyer, Rainer, Baur, Hannes, Guex, Gaston-Denis & Praz, Christophe" docDate="2014" docId="76023AE7D1B4BB185B562354438F199C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 400: 67-118" docOrigin="ZooKeys 400" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.400.6611" docTitle="Polistes biglumis Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="F67BFF80B122D151FFD22016FFC45C1E" masterDocTitle="A new species of the paper wasp genus Polistes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in Europe revealed by morphometrics and molecular analyses" masterLastPageNumber="118" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1701377379650" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6B3F479A807FCAE48ADA0BDA0E06C413">A new species of the paper wasp genus Polistes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) in Europe revealed by morphometrics and molecular analyses</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="863D0551D0783736316B1E5D276D1E49">Neumeyer, Rainer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3590FB24AB32362520600C02E48BC2C6">Baur, Hannes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B289E442673C12A4997577BE20E9012D">Guex, Gaston-Denis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D2D375BB6FF2E3000352709D91C3C198">Praz, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5ABE8FBEC212809E90894C94C3B7669C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A67C737006053A2D5116C30EA5430ED9">400</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="66D43280B29A0501B4DE580939811DEA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B1D015634FC50ABD1F367C8467402926" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.400.6611</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="76023AE7D1B4BB185B562354438F199C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127857277" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:76023AE7D1B4BB185B562354438F199C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/76023AE7D1B4BB185B562354438F199C" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<subSubSection id="10A8C904286B63855C78BE08838D00D2" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D1D7B8F2EB9C442D7FDCF242AECCF8AD" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="24B8A251F24D5290E5FAD907CBEC3B5C" ID-CoL="4KY98" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Polistes_biglumis" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Polistes biglumis (Linnaeus, 1758)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6C8A6F9A742FD18EE9BB480788550111" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3D6A9A8074B38C45DDCC331610610CE2" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="6FA9726B5E45F92C502FB782DBD14046" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Vespa biglumis</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1758: 573 - Holotype female (LSL), designation by
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<bibRefCitation id="558543BE34871F6BE4FA1DD55BB8E885" author="Day, MC" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="45 - 84" title="The species of Hymenoptera described by Linnaeus in the genera Sphex, Chrysis, Vespa, Apis and Mutilla." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.1979.tb00049.x" volume="12" year="1979">Day (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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, type locality Europe (not examined)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CCDA79DA111A47E1472315B90026D3F5" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="29B9CAB6FD6D57778FD34DD86046533A" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa rupestris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rupestris">Vespa rupestris</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1758: 573 - Holotype male (LSL), designation by
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<bibRefCitation id="37B5BA4B1A7FAA8D66F30A18FB014A1B" author="Day, MC" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="45 - 84" title="The species of Hymenoptera described by Linnaeus in the genera Sphex, Chrysis, Vespa, Apis and Mutilla." url="10.1111/j.1095-8312.1979.tb00049.x" volume="12" year="1979">Day (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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, type locality Sweden (not examined)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="66E212D77B91DE7791DFF521950C5CE7" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="798D2EF258D5360BE556AA3F79658774" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa bimaculata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculata">Vespa bimaculata</taxonomicName>
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Geoffroy in Fourcroy 1785: 433 - Holotype female (type lost; see
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<bibRefCitation id="479F32747F06864ECFA0B4932152AAAE" author="Bluethgen, P" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Klasse fuer Chemie, Geologie und Biologie" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" title="Die Faltenwespen Mitteleuropas" year="1961">
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<normalizedToken id="DDC1C1399D17BF07843C261DEE297A2A" originalValue="Blüthgen">Bluethgen</normalizedToken>
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1961
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 54), type locality near Paris, France
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6CBE8F3420FAD827EFE0009A08CBDDB8" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="F61A7298702A2C316FA1FD08B4548FA8" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes geoffroyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">Polistes geoffroyi</taxonomicName>
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Lepeletier & Serville, 1825: 173 - Syntypes males, females (depository unknown), type locality France
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="64F3F8FCA12A0D9B1392E7F92D57C6CF" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="9AD143E54116E11D387B056F79E70A9E" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes dubius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">Polistes dubius</taxonomicName>
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Kohl, 1898: 90 - Lectotype male (NHMW), designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="8470D01700F31D063162BC2ED4FCC512" author="Bluethgen, P" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte, neue Folge" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" pagination="94 - 129" title="Die europaeischen Polistinen." volume="12" year="1943">
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<normalizedToken id="064D380A0B892B599F401FA890ABDCE8" originalValue="Blüthgen">Bluethgen</normalizedToken>
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(1943
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 128), type locality
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<normalizedToken id="685F0B33BFDE6BFDA1A7C68B1D1355CB" originalValue="Brühl">Bruehl</normalizedToken>
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, Austria (examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9862A86B5C06D753BBE4D5E3AC2428C3" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="7E60528DBE1A56E97FC55FA5A7A6E87E" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes kohli" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kohli">Polistes kohli</taxonomicName>
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Dalla Torre, 1904: 70 - Replacement name for
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<taxonomicName id="745592810EC194D3CEB2E7C642174D70" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes dubius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">Polistes dubius</taxonomicName>
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Kohl, 1898, nec Saussure, 1867
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="461B61FEC684DAA1193715FCB46778F2" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="ECE7B8A2F306EAD4CDEBDADB3B61DEDB" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes bimaculatus subsp. pamirensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bimaculatus" subSpecies="pamirensis">Polistes bimaculatus pamirensis</taxonomicName>
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Zirngiebl, 1955: 381-383, 385 - Syntypes 4 females (ZSM), type locality
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<normalizedToken id="41A9D983892962BCDA652274F2708D87" originalValue="“Umss-Tugai”">"Umss-Tugai"</normalizedToken>
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, probably in the area of eastern Uzbekistan to southwestern Tadjikistan (examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2B7201F6CF23605F97CAB3A3FB9E456B" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="BBCF5E45D3F5323E30CDBF6108E9D7D0" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes bimaculatus subsp. nigrinotum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bimaculatus" subSpecies="nigrinotum">Polistes bimaculatus nigrinotum</taxonomicName>
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Zirngiebl, 1955: 381-383, 385 - Holotype female (ZSM), type locality Althegnenberg, Germany (examined by RN)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E3F80B4C67DF88213DABA26D56211837" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="860E91B890784D26E7D8752C9283BE73" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="014D947C4C7F2DB02AAE3B34396CD038" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Relatively large, dark species with pedicel and flagellum dorsally black in both sexes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="78B55EFA7AAEED4708D69FBE59987FEF" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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Females: Epicnemial carina pronounced (Fig. 12a). Hypopygium black. Metacoxa black. Mesoscutum black. Propodeum black laterally, occasionally with small yellow spot. Clypeus breadth: malar space 3.06-3.58; head breadth: malar space 6.81-8.09;
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<pageBreakToken id="54668EFE729341971ED9F46BD8C49F15" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" start="start">malar</pageBreakToken>
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space: lateral ocelli distance 1.22-1.76; metatibia length: malar space 6.96-8.56; terminal flagellomere length: malar space 0.64-0.87.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="12B27792B4539F7B47EBAF6238D4B137" pageId="13" pageNumber="80">Males: Gena in dorsal view convex (Fig. 12l). Epicnemium and mesosternum yellow. Head breadth: head height 1.18-1.28; lower face: clypeus breadth 1.29-1.45; terminal flagellomere length: lateral ocelli distance 0.85-1.38; terminal flagellomere length: malar space 0.72-1.07; terminal flagellomere length: terminal flagellomere breadth 1.64-2.68.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BDDC19A25462A71F49EBE5BC2365EC7B" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" type="comments">
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<paragraph id="9B96CF70082F1C37BD967F4840D0B4C0" pageId="13" pageNumber="80">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB2E07E9F8CC9746A7EB20A11FAB5E54" pageId="13" pageNumber="80">
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The holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="C766AEBFC07A5D0279C4089B31B54538" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Vespa biglumis</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1758, presently held at the Linnean Society of London, is not available for loan. We have, however, examined pictures online (http://linnean-online.org/16745/). Although no clear epicnemial carina is recognizable from the picture due to the condition of the specimen, the pubescence on the mesoscutum appears too long for
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<taxonomicName id="81121E61383B08BC6AAB5DFE233C8600" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Therefore, we have no reason to question the current concept of
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<taxonomicName id="075AB8C3FA4AF6F263D5AA9E11F1E541" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Polistes biglumis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="32BC83FCBE8D9CDCF05A80BC6835B293" pageId="13" pageNumber="80">
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Similarly, we have examined pictures (http://linnean-online.org/16772/) of the holotype (LINN 2807) of
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<taxonomicName id="07B467B5F5FB3A24E7A587C561D8B42B" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa rupestris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rupestris">Vespa rupestris</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1758, also held at the Linnean Society of London and unavailable for loan. The genae of this male specimen are clearly convex in dorsal view (Fig. 12l), excluding any confusion with
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<taxonomicName id="4628E86D49F791A4C7086D607F4D6808" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. or
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<taxonomicName id="DA7E7D97E49A9639EF9977CF6C5027B0" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes bischoffi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bischoffi">Polistes bischoffi</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0566DF80A6F738B33D31B6A91F05FB85" pageId="13" pageNumber="80">
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The holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="4F5DEA14B24FC3CCABAA0EE034802AAB" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vespa bimaculata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bimaculata">Vespa bimaculata</taxonomicName>
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Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785 is missing (
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<bibRefCitation id="9CE1F173E93A7340FF4A9F27CFD1D489" author="Bluethgen, P" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Klasse fuer Chemie, Geologie und Biologie" pageId="39" pageNumber="106" title="Die Faltenwespen Mitteleuropas" year="1961">
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<normalizedToken id="0A3FBA815B66CE59A76893F39CE2DA83" originalValue="Blüthgen">Bluethgen</normalizedToken>
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1961
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 54), as are the syntypes of
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<taxonomicName id="F857A5584DC732EEA569399C807420D4" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes geoffroyi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geoffroyi">Polistes geoffroyi</taxonomicName>
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Lepeletier & Serville, 1825. According to the original descriptions both taxa seem to refer to dark individuals, but since no epicnemial carina is mentioned, a synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="E6AAE0556187B3144247EFD7F541D333" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. can neither be excluded nor proved.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5B9BFFE7EC9B3E9FA111EE3F80C84F78" pageId="13" pageNumber="80">
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The lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="A2C4A259D0A70087FB2823BCB4295B6F" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes dubius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">Polistes dubius</taxonomicName>
|
|
Kohl, 1898 was examined; we did not detect any characters allowing separation from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D250E77CCCC2A54BCB8B72B895562B37" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Polistes biglumis</taxonomicName>
|
|
. This view is also supported by our morphometric analyses (Fig. 3b, d [I]), which revealed that the lectotype of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9C6B913657538576A383687835D1853A" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes dubius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">Polistes dubius</taxonomicName>
|
|
does not plot far away from other males of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="945DA0E0F2F0C640B57AB7C4AEDB0AB8" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Polistes biglumis</taxonomicName>
|
|
. In any case it is a male with convex genae (Fig. 12l), making any confusion with the otherwise similarily colored male of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3C614E7EA31B1D3F0B0BF3E7C818F1D9" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. impossible.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="712F76C46609242B9B444905CDA4BE68" pageId="13" pageNumber="80">
|
|
We have seen three (ZSM-HYM-000006, ZSM-HYM-000007, ZSM-HYM-000009) of four syntypes of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0835DCF8D84F69BBB61C2EBC5AA2C610" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes bimaculatus subsp. pamirensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bimaculatus" subSpecies="pamirensis">Polistes bimaculatus pamirensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
Zirngiebl, 1955. Although they are dark females, occasionally with the entire mandible (ZSM-HYM-000007) or the apical part of the clypeus (ZSM-HYM-000006, ZSM-HYM-000007) black, the flagellum is not dark even on its dorsal side. The epicnemial carina is very pronounced in all three specimens, excluding confusion with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B589DD9C6787AC907A1E52221D388D34" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8E8F6EFAB8ECED3849473414D903495E" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes bischoffi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bischoffi">Polistes bischoffi</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However, morphology as well as morphometry (Fig. 3a, c [A]) cast doubt on whether this taxon is conspecific with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BE4C8C7928E54445721738D82D00163E" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Polistes biglumis</taxonomicName>
|
|
. More material and further studies are needed to elucidate the status of this taxon.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="407969C78886A97381D82616E1E4AA3B" pageId="13" pageNumber="80">
|
|
The holotype (ZSM-HYM-000008) of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B83F0AE07E0818ECF51C4C1EC5F1979D" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes bimaculatus subsp. nigrinotum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bimaculatus" subSpecies="nigrinotum">Polistes bimaculatus nigrinotum</taxonomicName>
|
|
Zirngiebl, 1955 is a very dark female; the apical part of the clypeus is entirely black and there is only a very small yellow spot on the mandible. The epicnemial carina is distinct, excluding confusion with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7AB1DE02D2FC3923B63D78C5B33674A" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes helveticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helveticus">Polistes helveticus</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. n. We see no trait distinguishing this specimen from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0CDB33AB0CAA376C43080837DD3B1A12" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes biglumis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biglumis">Polistes biglumis</taxonomicName>
|
|
, a view supported by our morphometric analysis (Fig. 3a, c [B]).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="E9D3B4690D63AD1D024D4A7A6349DD99" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="14" pageNumber="81" type="material examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="FC142CDB78C4E76FB2AC6FD023EC01C8" pageId="14" pageNumber="81">
|
|
<pageBreakToken id="C8DDD17B2AF251F9B35483BD1F167BDB" pageId="14" pageNumber="81" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
|
|
examined.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E32454770DF84BD447D9FA18B39F8405" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="14" pageNumber="81">
|
|
1 ♂ (Lectotype of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D0426B80FAE9CB63A81E339EE5481A9E" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polistes dubius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubius">
|
|
<pageBreakToken id="B054A26565F8C831166A95DE582281EF" pageId="15" pageNumber="82" start="start">Polistes</pageBreakToken>
|
|
dubius
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
): Austria, Lower Austria,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="C7550A50C19FA0EB1CEAFD9A01E1AC17" originalValue="Brühl">Bruehl</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 22 Aug 1883, Franz Friedrich Kohl det., NHMW coll.; 2 ♂ (RN0123, RN0124): CROATIA, ISTRIA, Vela
|
|
<normalizedToken id="9E981AEB71BF94D15B0EC2B624289B57" originalValue="Učka">Ucka</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="D4B990C3E95ED8837FF964F628D63D3C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="45.307137">45°18'25.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="0A453A80AFBA14CFA5A76D05C2A4FC14" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="14.194555">14°11'40.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 824 m, 27 Jul 2012, karst mountain range, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0224): GERMANY,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="8423B7B2B56B9D3BC94FD9DA61234706" originalValue="BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG">BADEN-WUERTTEMBERG</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Pullendorf, 13 Jul 2009, railroad area, Mike Herrmann leg., MH coll.; 1 ♀ (Holotype of bimaculatus nigrinotum: ZSM-HYM-000008): Bavaria, Althegnenberg, 19-20 Jul 1946, Heinz Freude leg., ZSM coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0231): SWITZERLAND, CANTON BASLE-City, Basel, Badischer Bahnhof,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="BC96E9F7D2835D33708390AF7E5275A9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="47.58059">47°34'50.12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="B18BFC6BA5BB44B07DA8F87F758D0DFF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="7.6021194">07°36'07.63"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 255 m, 18 Aug 1995, railroad area, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0247): CANTON GRISONS, Buseno, Monti di San Carlo, 1200 m, 09 Jul 1942, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0249): Davos,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="3A3982159AB485C0B1204C621AC8C9E2" originalValue="Züge">Zuege</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1500 m, 27 Aug 1931, Johann Peter Wolf leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0239): Feldis/Veulden, 21 Sep 1935, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0248): 25 Aug 1944, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0246): Ftan, 1610 m, 21 Jul 1994, Bernhard Merz leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0229): Klosters-Serneus, Boschga,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="94CFD05ACA27E22956E38630DF45CB02" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.881165">46°52'52.20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="8F6FBC7207E0CFD7AA80C76214070263" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.87065">09°52'14.34"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1060 m, 01 May 1993, montane meadow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 2 ♂ (RN0250, RN0258): Ramosch, 07 Sep 1963, Willi Sauter leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0238): Sumvitg, Rabius, 24 Jun 1934, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0255): Val
|
|
<normalizedToken id="34323F9D7771A26DD4124B47A7D59419" originalValue="Müstair">Muestair</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4D1C04CD479BD5E0182F674E097AC953" originalValue="Lü">Lue</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 13 Aug 1935, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0028): Val
|
|
<normalizedToken id="A70B19D78B929A7D3F866986AB81704B" originalValue="Müstair">Muestair</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4826B6268B5AFBAFDFEF891AB3E400FF" originalValue="Müstair">Muestair</normalizedToken>
|
|
: Munt Masaun,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="2D23ED5B1DCE2ACC534F55B6B1DA760B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.61728">46°37'02.21"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="644A8753AB15BF91A5D5A130A489AC16" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.4323225">10°25'56.36"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1420 m, 13 Aug 2011, rock steppe, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0027): Val
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4A61EFB923D0AC451002FB75A6D51E77" originalValue="Müstair">Muestair</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Sta. Maria: Costas,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="D59AA89D9782D0CEB7BB61F117638F77" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.60716">46°36'25.78"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="988129CA9FDE2510966C2E49956DA618" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.424826">10°25'29.37"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1350 m, 13 Aug 2011, berm, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0029): Val
|
|
<normalizedToken id="B2ED7B5782CBA6DE7E401BC364438918" originalValue="Müstair">Muestair</normalizedToken>
|
|
, Tschierv: God da Munt,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="294538CEEB40489FA1E4F219DD0869A2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.63022">46°37'48.79"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="4DC82BEECE48306580BA44872C118FCD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="10.34503">10°20'42.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1790 m, 14 Aug 2011, clear larch wood, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (RN0021, RN0087): Hansueli Tinner leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0243): Zuoz, 1800 m, 09 Sep 1966, Paul Bovey leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0233): CANTON ST. Gallen,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="46601A8E7738056FE773A6BCC3CA9694" originalValue="Pfäfers">Pfaefers</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="EE87D4923A29FCD3213EC7C5541BBC67" originalValue="Bläser">Blaeser</normalizedToken>
|
|
Berg,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="060F2982215DAAEE6257D90D096B4F49" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.95688">46°57'24.76"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="DD728188CECE4C79846888D5D107EE3B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="9.497531">09°29'51.11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1500 m, 23 Aug 1994, blowdown, Peter Duelli leg., RN coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0256):
|
|
<normalizedToken id="86F956E7D5CF29792DE3F46C02D6F9EE" originalValue="Pfäfers">Pfaefers</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 20 Sep 1955, Hedwig Huber leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0254): Walenstadt, Steinbruch Engen, 04 Sep 1997, quarry, Andreas
|
|
<normalizedToken id="25501AE28F799A1F0E43D32FB1DB2F0A" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
|
leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0232): CANTON SCHAFF-HAUSEN, Merishausen,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="32262CFDF97745A64703AA9BFF0CAC61" originalValue="Chörblihalde">Choerblihalde</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="3184D60F7DF4C31E307DB16B87582748" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="47.756893">47°45'24.82"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="43B56F708044C009A6E2E5C9B93E3240" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.621275">08°37'16.59"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 565 m, 25 Aug 2004, hay meadow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0228): Merishausen, Laadel,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="2A9C59656550E2C4ABA72EAA6D697D4E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="47.771564">47°46'17.63"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="F7FD25E6DAC4539DAADF57416C2963CC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.607061">08°36'25.42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 620 m, 16 Aug 2004, fallow meadow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0225): CANTON Thurgovia, Herdern,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="A88272E8BD52FA1BA914033462B76F9D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="47.610996">47°36'39.59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="B22A8FE97F937C8674EA8AF9A6EEF220" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.9056635">08°54'20.39"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 635 m, Aug 2005, Mike Herrmann leg., MH coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0240): CANTON Ticino, Airolo, 04 Aug 1933, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0227): Lavertezzo, Piano,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="4664E04D4BDF7586CEFDDB7FA07D01BE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.265095">46°15'54.34"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="9CE5D79786118CD57CEDD62A1C8A2901" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.820897">08°49'15.23"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 589 m, 01 Jun 2012, Yannick Chittaro leg., YC coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0236): Prato Sornico, Lovalt,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="DC36AC6F924A60037CA0EE2A10C75443" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.388992">46°23'20.36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="74E51F81059D6855CCBB001E9300CAF6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.664272">08°39'51.38"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 610 m, 24 Jul 1994, riparian zones, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0178): Prugiasco, San Carlo di Negrentino,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="0481F32CA5BA4AAA7F49A1130A1A4178" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.46282">46°27'46.14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="1537F108DC823E860B9B61CFDD825082" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.923472">08°55'24.50"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 860 m, 20 Aug 1993, montane meadow, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0257): CANTON VALAIS, Ausserberg, Millachra,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="4F2D9A3F84997922145AC375281DDF24" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.318897">46°19'08.04"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="F08DDFB833E3C99816D0DA7D33994C5D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="7.837228">07°50'14.02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1210 m, 09 Jul 1998, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0234): 06 Sep 1998, Rainer Neumeyer leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0244): Erschmatt,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E7B5B30191F8D8F84DF715C0C3888A2A" originalValue="Rüemetschbodu">Rueemetschbodu</normalizedToken>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="A1477F1A68FBD320B85BDCFFC1456540" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.326504">46°19'35.42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="F784E19F409E9263A723194E655074AF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="7.6957445">07°41'44.68"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1490 m, 18 Jul 2003, Alexandra Breitenstein leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0252): Fiesch, 28 Jul 1942, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0253): Grimentz, 18 Aug 1941, Adolf Nadig leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♂ (RN0235): Guttet-Feschel, 1300 m, 1993, Gerhard
|
|
<normalizedToken id="0B3A8E0313DE09FE54B3FAF80F519292" originalValue="Bächli">Baechli</normalizedToken>
|
|
leg., RN coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0241): Ried-Brig, Berisal, 30 Jun 1919, anon. leg., ETHZ coll.; 1 ♀ (RN0226): Ried-Brig, Gantertal,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="41CF99BE98081ADF42FB11EF7980F9AF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="46.299057">46°17'56.61"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="6BF0DCA9C140B9628371BBE06C5FD148" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.0599165">08°03'35.70"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 1420 m, 26 Jun 2012, Yannick Chittaro leg., YC coll.; 3 ♀ (Syntypes of bimaculatus pamirensis: ZSM-HYM-000006, ZSM-HYM-000007, ZSM-HYM-000009): Uzbekistan or Tadjikistan,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F600B535DE7FDCB425570200A66CCCB6" originalValue="“Umss-Tugai”">"Umss-Tugai"</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 25 Jul 1928, Willi Rickmers leg., ZSM coll.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |