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<document id="919768B49E59902E3D04608DA36366F8" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.275992" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fed35a9c-299e-4a87-a5a2-c45d928b3cbf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="275992" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460274744339" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria &amp; Carballo, Jose Luis" docDate="2010" docId="038A7402B223FFFBFF78FA7AFB9386A5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02603p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2603" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cladocroce reina Aguilar-Camacho &amp; Carballo, 2010, sp. nov" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="FFB30C7AB223FFF9FFEFFF93FFE38371" masterDocTitle="First record of Cladocroce (Porifera: Haplosclerida: Chalinidae) from the Eastern Pacific ocean with the description of Cladocroce reina sp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="65" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1698247864971" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="28C21E6A9E32328C9BCEF88A98D706AD">First record of Cladocroce (Porifera: Haplosclerida: Chalinidae) from the Eastern Pacific ocean with the description of Cladocroce reina sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0D6246589F9BCC0197C7EC6E3A879778">Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6108B014342AEACF69B17402E019F7D1">Carballo, Jose Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="13F97042598EFE034445E62CC4243B91">2010</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038A7402B223FFFBFF78FA7AFB9386A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5687477" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119395782" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5687477" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A7402B223FFFBFF78FA7AFB9386A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A7402B223FFFBFF78FA7AFB9386A5" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
<subSubSection id="C339969FB223FFF9FF78FA7AFE448570" box="[151,423,1513,1537]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B223FFF9FF78FA7AFE448570" blockId="0.[151,423,1513,1537]" box="[151,423,1513,1537]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
<heading id="D0D47278B223FFF9FF78FA7AFE448570" bold="true" box="[151,423,1513,1537]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9571906B223FFF9FF78FA7AFE448570" bold="true" box="[151,423,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B223FFF9FF78FA7AFEB78570" ID-CoL="VP2F" box="[151,340,1513,1537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">Cladocroce reina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB223FFF9FEB5FA7AFE448570" box="[346,423,1513,1537]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339969FB223FFF9FF78F9BAFD7585F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B223FFF9FF78F9BAFD7585F4" blockId="0.[151,1437,1577,2016]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9571906B223FFF9FF78F9BAFEEE8530" bold="true" box="[151,269,1577,1601]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
<typeStatus id="54987BB6B223FFF9FF78F9BAFEEB8530" box="[151,264,1577,1601]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED325DD1B223FFF9FEFBF9BAFE858531" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[276,358,1577,1600]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">MNCN</collectionCode>
1.01/630.
<date id="FF9DE3D4B223FFF9FE0EF9BAFE1F8531" box="[481,508,1577,1600]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" value="2007-10-23">23</date>
/10/2007, Parque de la
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B223FFF9FCECF9BAFCA78531" box="[771,836,1577,1600]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="0" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">Reina</taxonomicName>
(Acapulco, Guerrero,
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B223FFF9FBABF9BAFB7D8531" box="[1092,1182,1577,1600]" name="Mexico" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Mexico</collectingCountry>
),
<quantity id="4CDB68F1B223FFF9FB5DF9BAFB3E8531" box="[1202,1245,1577,1600]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
<geoCoordinate id="EE17A3D3B223FFF9FB0AF9BAFA7B8531" box="[1253,1432,1577,1600]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" precision="1" value="16.84916">16°5056.97N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE17A3D3B223FFF9FF78F9DFFEAC8512" box="[151,335,1612,1635]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" precision="1" value="-99.91734">99°5462.43W</geoCoordinate>
.
<emphasis id="B9571906B223FFF9FEB1F9D8FE348512" bold="true" box="[350,471,1611,1635]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
<typeStatus id="54987BB6B223FFF9FEB1F9D8FE318512" box="[350,466,1611,1635]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
LEB-ICML-UNAM-1818
<date id="FF9DE3D4B223FFF9FCE2F9DFFC708512" box="[781,915,1612,1635]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" value="2007-10-23">23/10/2007</date>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B223FFF9FC4FF9DFFC038512" box="[928,992,1612,1635]" name="Palau" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Palao</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B223FFF9FC08F9DFFBF28512" box="[999,1041,1612,1635]" name="Iceland" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Isla</collectingCountry>
La Roqueta (Acapulco, Guerrero,
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B223FFF9FF78F9FDFF0E85F4" box="[151,237,1646,1669]" name="Mexico" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Mexico</collectingCountry>
),
<quantity id="4CDB68F1B223FFF9FF10F9FDFEC485F4" box="[255,295,1646,1669]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
<geoCoordinate id="EE17A3D3B223FFF9FEC1F9FDFE3B85F4" box="[302,472,1646,1669]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" precision="1" value="16.823471">16°4924.49N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE17A3D3B223FFF9FE0CF9FDFD7285F4" box="[483,657,1646,1669]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" precision="1" value="-99.90627">99°5422.58W</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339969FB223FFF8FF29F902FAEB8266" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B223FFF9FF29F902FAA58442" blockId="0.[151,1437,1577,2016]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9571906B223FFF9FF29F902FEB085D8" bold="true" box="[198,339,1681,1705]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Description:</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="54987BB6B223FFF9FE7DF902FE0C85D9" box="[402,495,1681,1704]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is a cushion-shaped sponge about
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in diameter and
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thick. The surface is smooth. Ostial orifices are 60340 µm in diameter. Oscules are circular,
<quantity id="4CDB68F1B223FFF9FC72F927FC1785BA" box="[925,1012,1716,1739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.0">39 mm</quantity>
in diameter. They are elevated
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and scattered. The consistency is compressible and somewhat fragile. Color in life is sky blue, and after preservation it becomes pale. The
<typeStatus id="54987BB6B223FFF9FE89F96AFE218461" box="[358,450,1785,1808]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
is thinly-encrusting,
<quantity id="4CDB68F1B223FFF9FD49F96AFD158461" box="[678,758,1785,1808]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">15 cm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CDB68F1B223FFF9FC8EF96AFC538461" box="[865,944,1785,1808]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">12 cm</quantity>
thick (
<figureCitation id="1318D991B223FFF9FC13F96AFBDA8461" box="[1020,1081,1785,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,347,1460]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,335,1476]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1 Cladocroce reina sp. nov. A) Underwater picture of the paratype. B) Electron micrographs of its spicules. C) Tangential view of ectosomal skeleton D) Cross section of choanosomal skeleton intercrossed by multispicular fiber tracts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275993/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A). Ostial orifices measurements are as in the
<typeStatus id="54987BB6B223FFF9FEF1F88FFE9D8442" box="[286,382,1820,1843]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but in some cases the oscules are not so abundant; in contrast, the color in life is greenish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B223FFF8FF29F8ADFA7583A0" blockId="0.[151,1437,1577,2016]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1436,152,279]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B9571906B223FFF9FF29F8ADFE2C8427" bold="true" box="[198,463,1854,1878]" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Spicules and skeleton:</emphasis>
Spicules are robust almost fusiform oxeas, sometimes slightly curved. Spicules with acerated tips and styloid are commonly present. Spicule measurements: 130(151.7)175 µm × 5(6.6)7.5 µm (
<figureCitation id="1318D991B223FFF9FA9FF8F2FF4184EA" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,347,1460]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,335,1476]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1 Cladocroce reina sp. nov. A) Underwater picture of the paratype. B) Electron micrographs of its spicules. C) Tangential view of ectosomal skeleton D) Cross section of choanosomal skeleton intercrossed by multispicular fiber tracts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275993/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
B). The ectosomal skeleton is a tangential isotropic unispicular reticulation (
<figureCitation id="1318D991B223FFF9FC34F817FBFA84EA" box="[987,1049,1924,1947]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,347,1460]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,335,1476]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1 Cladocroce reina sp. nov. A) Underwater picture of the paratype. B) Electron micrographs of its spicules. C) Tangential view of ectosomal skeleton D) Cross section of choanosomal skeleton intercrossed by multispicular fiber tracts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275993/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). The choanosomal skeleton is an irregular, isotropic unispicular reticulation, reinforced by ascending multispicular tracts that support the ectosome. The tracts form triangular or hexagonal meshes that delimit choanosomal spaces 150350 µm wide. The ascending tracts are thick at the base of the sponge (60150 µm in diameter) involving up to 16 spicules, and tapering towards the ectosome (3050 µm in diameter). The spongin is scarce, cementing the tracts and the nodes of the isotropic reticulation (
<figureCitation id="1318D991B222FFF8FADBFF29FA9383A0" box="[1332,1392,186,209]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,347,1460]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,335,1476]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1 Cladocroce reina sp. nov. A) Underwater picture of the paratype. B) Electron micrographs of its spicules. C) Tangential view of ectosomal skeleton D) Cross section of choanosomal skeleton intercrossed by multispicular fiber tracts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275993/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B222FFF8FF29FF4FFAEB8266" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FF29FF4FFEC48385" bold="true" box="[198,295,220,244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Habitat:</emphasis>
The sponge is commonly found in shallow water at
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depth, on top of and underneath rocks, and fragments of coral. The distribution is limited to Acapulco Bay. Several larvae were found in the
<typeStatus id="54987BB6B222FFF8FB4CFE93FAE78266" box="[1187,1284,256,279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5C959CB222FFF8FF78FA4DFF3B854A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275993/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" targetBox="[152,1436,347,1460]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B222FFF8FF78FA4DFF3B854A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1502,1595]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FF78FA4DFEF18687" bold="true" box="[151,274,1502,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FEF7FA4DFE328684" box="[280,465,1502,1525]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FEF7FA4DFE328684" box="[280,465,1502,1525]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Cladocroce reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB222FFF8FE38FA4DFDCF8684" box="[471,556,1502,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FE38FA4DFDC78687" bold="true" box="[471,548,1502,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FDDDFA4DFDAD8687" bold="true" box="[562,590,1502,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">A)</emphasis>
Underwater picture of the paratype.
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FC3BFA4DFC0C8687" bold="true" box="[980,1007,1502,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">B)</emphasis>
Electron micrographs of its spicules.
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FA6FFA4DFA7F8687" bold="true" box="[1408,1436,1502,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C)</emphasis>
Tangential view of ectosomal skeleton
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FDA8F993FD808569" bold="true" box="[583,611,1536,1560]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">D)</emphasis>
Cross section of choanosomal skeleton intercrossed by multispicular fiber tracts.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C339969FB222FFF8FF29F9FBFAB285F1" box="[198,1361,1640,1664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B222FFF8FF29F9FBFAB285F1" blockId="1.[151,1437,1640,2011]" box="[198,1361,1640,1664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FF29F9FBFEA985F1" bold="true" box="[198,330,1640,1664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Etymology:</emphasis>
The name “
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FE24F9FAFDE785F1" box="[459,516,1641,1664]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina">reina</taxonomicName>
” comes from the
<typeStatus id="54987BB6B222FFF8FD2EF9FAFD0C85F1" box="[705,751,1641,1664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
locality “El Parque de la
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FBEEF9FAFBA185F1" box="[1025,1090,1641,1664]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">Reina</taxonomicName>
” in the port of Acapulco.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339969FB222FFF8FF29F918FA7F84AA" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B222FFF8FF29F918FA7F84AA" blockId="1.[151,1437,1640,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FF29F918FEA485D2" bold="true" box="[198,327,1675,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Discussion:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FEA0F91FFDEA85D2" box="[335,521,1676,1699]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FEA0F91FFDEA85D2" box="[335,521,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Cladocroce reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FDFDF918FD8185D2" bold="true" box="[530,610,1675,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB222FFF8FDFDF918FD8185D2" box="[530,610,1675,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
constitutes the first record of the genus from the American coast. The other known shallow water species are
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FDCFF93DFD4485B4" box="[544,679,1710,1733]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FDCFF93DFD4485B4" box="[544,679,1710,1733]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FD58F93DFCD885B4" box="[695,827,1710,1733]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="burapha">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FD58F93DFCD885B4" box="[695,827,1710,1733]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. burapha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FC9AF93DFC1F85B4" box="[885,1020,1710,1733]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tubulosa">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FC9AF93DFC1F85B4" box="[885,1020,1710,1733]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. tubulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Besides the different geographical distribution, important morphological differences also exist between these species.
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FBAFF942FB218599" box="[1088,1218,1745,1768]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FBAFF942FB218599" box="[1088,1218,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a tubular creamcolored sponge from the Great Barrier Reef; in contrast
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FD08F967FCDE847A" box="[743,829,1780,1803]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FD08F967FCDE847A" box="[743,829,1780,1803]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FCABF960FC70847A" bold="true" box="[836,915,1779,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB222FFF8FCABF960FC70847A" box="[836,915,1779,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is a cushion or thin-encrusting, green to sky blue sponge. The spicule measurements are similar in both species, but
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FCB4F885FC36845C" box="[859,981,1814,1837]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FCB4F885FC36845C" box="[859,981,1814,1837]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a great variety of strongyloid oxeas as well as oxeas with mucronate, hastate and asymmetrical tips.
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FCA4F8AAFC418421" box="[843,930,1849,1872]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FCA4F8AAFC418421" box="[843,930,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FC46F8ABFC188421" bold="true" box="[937,1019,1848,1872]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB222FFF8FC46F8ABFC188421" box="[937,1019,1848,1872]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has fusiform oxeas, sometimes ending in acerated tips and rarely transformed into styles.
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FD5BF8CFFCCE8402" box="[692,813,1884,1907]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="burapha">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FD5BF8CFFCCE8402" box="[692,813,1884,1907]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. burapha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a white or blue tubular ramose sponge from the Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B222FFF8FF78F8EDFF1C84E4" box="[151,255,1918,1941]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Thailand</collectingCountry>
. The principal difference with
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FDB3F8EDFD5A84E4" box="[604,697,1918,1941]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FDB3F8EDFD5A84E4" box="[604,697,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FD2FF8EDFCF884E7" bold="true" box="[704,795,1918,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB222FFF8FD2FF8EDFCF884E7" box="[704,795,1918,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, regardless of the form and color, is the thickness of the choanosomal spicule tracts;
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FE28F832FDA184C9" box="[455,578,1953,1976]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="burapha">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FE28F832FDA184C9" box="[455,578,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. burapha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has spicule tracts 2359 µm wide while
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FC13F832FBB084C9" box="[1020,1107,1953,1976]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FC13F832FBB084C9" box="[1020,1107,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FBB3F833FB4F84C9" bold="true" box="[1116,1196,1952,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB222FFF8FBB3F833FB4F84C9" box="[1116,1196,1952,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has tracts 30150 µm across. The other close species,
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B222FFF8FE1FF857FD8884AA" box="[496,619,1988,2011]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tubulosa">
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FE1FF857FD8884AA" box="[496,619,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C. tubulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is a yellow tubular sponge, from
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B222FFF8FC32F857FBA584AA" box="[989,1094,1988,2011]" name="Kenya" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Mombasa</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B222FFF8FBBAF857FB4384AA" box="[1109,1184,1988,2011]" name="Kenya" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Kenya</collectingCountry>
), which differs from
<emphasis id="B9571906B222FFF8FA6BF857FA7F84AA" box="[1412,1436,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">C.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339969FB221FFFBFF78FF0BFB9386A5" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B221FFFBFF78FF0BFD5A82D0" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFF78FF0BFF2C83DE" ID-CoL="VP2F" box="[151,207,152,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFF78FF0BFF2C83DE" box="[151,207,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFF39FF04FEC483DE" bold="true" box="[214,295,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB221FFFBFF39FF04FEC483DE" box="[214,295,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in the form, color and spicule length; the oxeas are 6474 µm long in
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFBCBFF0BFB4383DE" ID-CoL="VP2K" box="[1060,1184,152,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tubulosa">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFBCBFF0BFB4383DE" box="[1060,1184,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">C. tubulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 130175 µm in
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFA6CFF0BFF2C83A0" ID-CoL="VP2F" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFA6CFF0BFF2C83A0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB221FFFBFF38FF29FECC83A0" box="[215,303,186,210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFF38FF29FEC483A3" bold="true" box="[215,295,186,210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
The rest of
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFE5AFF29FDD083A0" ID-CoL="84MDS" box="[437,563,186,209]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFE5AFF29FDD083A0" box="[437,563,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Cladocroce</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species were collected in deep waters, and they also have longer oxeas than
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFA6CFF29FF318385" ID-CoL="VP2F" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFA6CFF29FF318385" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFF35FF4FFED38385" bold="true" box="[218,304,220,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB221FFFBFF35FF4FFED38385" box="[218,304,220,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(see
<tableCitation id="C6A1F0AFB221FFFBFE81FF4EFE218385" box="[366,450,221,244]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,231,463,484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,551,1354]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative table of Cladocroce - species characteristics." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C959CB221FFFBFF78FE5CFCC48295" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" tableUuid="DF5C959CB221FFFBFF78FE5CFCC48295">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Recently, a
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFD8AFF4EFD0B8385" ID-CoL="84MDS" box="[613,744,221,244]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFD8AFF4EFD0B8385" box="[613,744,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Cladocroce</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not indentified was described living on navigation buoys in
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B221FFFBFF78FE93FEE08266" box="[151,259,256,279]" name="Singapore" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Singapore</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2B8E5B221FFFBFEFEFE93FE5D8266" author="Lim" box="[273,446,256,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refString="Lim, S. W., Voogd, N. J. de. &amp; Tan, K. S. (2009) Fouling sponges (Porifera) on navigation buoys from Singapore waters. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology (Supplement 22), 41 - 58." type="book chapter" year="2009">
Lim
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFEA8FE93FE9E8266" box="[327,381,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
). This is an incrusting to massive sponge with oxeas in two categories.
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFB52FE93FAF78266" ID-CoL="VP2F" box="[1213,1300,256,279]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFB52FE93FAF78266" box="[1213,1300,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB221FFFBFAF3FF6CFA938266" box="[1308,1392,255,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFAF3FF6CFA888266" bold="true" box="[1308,1387,255,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has only one category, shorter than the oxeas of the
<collectingCountry id="F3348584B221FFFBFD72FEB1FCEA8248" box="[669,777,290,313]" name="Singapore" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Singapore</collectingCountry>
specimens (162.5 173.5185 µm). The only similar species in form and color to
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFE9BFED6FE29822D" ID-CoL="VP2F" box="[372,458,325,348]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFE9BFED6FE29822D" box="[372,458,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFE3EFED7FDC1822D" bold="true" box="[465,546,324,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB221FFFBFE3EFED7FDC1822D" box="[465,546,324,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in the Mexican Pacific coast is
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFC98FED6FAC9822D" ID-CoL="3JCST" authority="Laubenfels, 1954" authorityName="Laubenfels" authorityYear="1954" box="[887,1322,325,348]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turquoisia">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFC98FED6FBB5822D" box="[887,1110,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Haliclona turquoisia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2B8E5B221FFFBFB8CFED6FAC1822D" author="Laubenfels" box="[1123,1314,325,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de (1954) The Sponges of the West-Central Pacific. Oregon State Monographs. Studies in Zoology, 7, 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="1954">Laubenfels, 1954</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFF78FEFBFE95820E" ID-CoL="3JCST" box="[151,374,360,383]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="turquoisia">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFF78FEFBFE95820E" box="[151,374,360,383]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Haliclona turquoisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a somewhat confused choanosomal skeleton, and the oxeas are clearly shorter (62.5120 µm) than those of
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFEC8FE19FE9E82D0" ID-CoL="VP2F" box="[295,381,394,417]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reina" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFEC8FE19FE9E82D0" box="[295,381,394,417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">C. reina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFE6BFE19FE3782D3" bold="true" box="[388,468,394,418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264A47DB221FFFBFE6BFE19FE3782D3" box="[388,468,394,418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB2B8E5B221FFFBFE0DFE19FD4E82D0" author="Gomez" box="[482,685,394,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refString="Gomez, P., Carballo, J. L., Vazquez, L. E. &amp; Cruz, J. A. (2002) New records for the sponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) of the Pacific coast of Mexico (eastern Pacific Ocean). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 115 (1), 223 - 237." type="journal article" year="2002">
Gomez
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFDD8FE19FD8E82D0" box="[567,621,394,417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5C959CB221FFFBFF78FE5CFCC48295" ID-Table-UUID="DF5C959CB221FFFBFF78FE5CFCC48295" box="[151,807,463,485]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5C959CB221FFFBFF78FE5CFCC48295" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" targetBox="[151,1436,551,1354]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B221FFFBFF78FE5CFCC48295" blockId="2.[151,1436,463,532]" box="[151,807,463,485]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFF78FE5CFF1C8295" bold="true" box="[151,255,463,484]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Comparative table of
<taxonomicName id="4C23BE97B221FFFBFE3BFE43FDA08294" ID-CoL="84MDS" box="[468,579,464,485]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Cladocroce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9571906B221FFFBFE3BFE43FDA08294" box="[468,579,464,485]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Cladocroce</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-species characteristics.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9CC514B221FFFBFF78FE6CFB9386A5" blockId="2.[151,1436,463,532]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,1400,1492]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
Species Shape Color Spicules Measures (µm)
<typeStatus id="54987BB6B221FFFBFB4BFE6CFB378165" box="[1188,1236,511,532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Type</typeStatus>
Locality Depth (m) We are grateful to the following sources of funding: CONABIO DJ007/26 and CONACYT
<date id="FF9DE3D4B221FFFBFB7DFAEBFAE686FE" box="[1170,1285,1400,1423]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" value="2009-09">SEP-2009</date>
-
<date id="FF9DE3D4B221FFFBFAE3FAEBFA8386FE" box="[1292,1376,1400,1423]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" value="39-10-22">102239</date>
. This work was carried out under permission of SAGARPA (Permit numbers: DGOPA.02476.
<date id="FF9DE3D4B221FFFBFB24FA09FAC086C0" box="[1227,1315,1434,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" value="06-03-22">220306</date>
.0985 and DGOPA.06648.140807.3121). We thank Clara Ramírez Jáuregui for help with the literature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>