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<document id="6DEDE017EB7CD814C7E8BF9F4BB5FAB2" ID-CLB-Dataset="22092" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.646" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c5cf0da1-13e3-4bf4-844c-9b5a9d4f6d5b" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3829682" ID-ZooBank="4C9F63B2-DB17-4EDB-ADEE-13AC9EFB921B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589570996260" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Moret, Pierre &amp; Murienne, Jérôme" docDate="2020" docId="03B7726A13625319FDBDFBA3FAF0FAD4" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-646_moret_murienne.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 646" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Dyscolus denigratus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FF8E0A1213485335FFF1FFFAFF86FF83" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of the genus Dyscolus (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Platynini) in Ecuadorian Andes" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698839917149" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="7DD7DE75399AF369A8E36D65EAB5A329">Integrative taxonomy of the genus Dyscolus (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Platynini) in Ecuadorian Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="01E1D0B1187CD7F09C4B33292DAB047C">Moret, Pierre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6644471CDDFEE0DFAB9A17FDAA6B96AF">Laboratoire TRACES (UMR 5608), CNRS, Université Toulouse 2 Jean Jaurès, Toulouse 31058, France.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="66D34BBB7F00C310AD40456545B45695" type="email">pierre.moret@univ-tlse2.fr&amp;pierre.moret@univ-tlse2.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D2109F86F1A32011EC84DEE5E5CF1A6D">Murienne, Jérôme</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0C1250B59A2C4E6E9431AC5DA75DC123">Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR 5174), CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, IRD, Toulouse 31062, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03B7726A13625319FDBDFBA3FAF0FAD4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3848371" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164160401" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3848371" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7726A13625319FDBDFBA3FAF0FAD4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7726A13625319FDBDFBA3FAF0FAD4" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection id="C30490F71362531FFDBDFBA3FC6EFBF7" box="[588,1000,1113,1140]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA1C37C1362531FFDBDFBA3FC6EFBF7" blockId="42.[588,1000,1113,1176]" box="[588,1000,1113,1140]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<heading id="D0E974101362531FFDBDFBA3FC6EFBF7" box="[588,1000,1113,1140]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFDBDFBA3FC6EFBF7" ID-CoL="388GV" authority="(Bates, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[588,1000,1113,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFDBDFBA3FCC4FBF7" bold="true" box="[588,834,1113,1140]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus denigratus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBE8D1362531FFCA0FBA0FC59FBF7" author="Bates H. W." box="[849,991,1114,1140]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="7 - 39" refId="ref25700" refString="Bates H. W. 1891. Coleoptera. In: Whymper E. (ed.) Supplementary Appendix to Travels amongst the Great Andes of the Equator: 7 - 39. John Murray, London." type="book chapter" year="1891">Bates, 1891</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30490F71362531FFD29FB87FCDDFB1B" box="[728,859,1149,1176]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA1C37C1362531FFD29FB87FCDDFB1B" blockId="42.[588,1000,1113,1176]" box="[728,859,1149,1176]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<figureCitation id="1325DFF91362531FFD29FB87FCDDFB1B" box="[728,859,1149,1176]" captionStart="Figs 45–50" captionStartId="43.[189,241,1887,1913]" captionTargetBox="[271,1311,274,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[264,1324,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figs 45–50. Dyscolus spp., habitus (45–47) and aedeagus, median lobe in lateral view (48–50). 45. D. denigratus (Bates, 1891), male specimen from Guamaní. 46. D. denigratus, male specimen from Guagua Pichincha (type locality). 47. D. palatus Moret, 1998, male paratype from Atacazo. 48– 50. D. denigratus. 48. From Guamaní. 49. From Cotacachi. 50. From Guagua Pichincha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829708/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 45–50</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30490F71362531FFF4CFB44FD15F8CB" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA1C37C1362531FFF4CFB44FDF0FB5A" blockId="42.[189,710,1214,1276]" box="[189,630,1214,1241]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0EE4521362531FFF4CFB44FDF0FB5A" box="[189,630,1214,1241]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABFE56D1362531FFF4CFB44FDF4FB5A" author="Bates H. W." box="[189,626,1214,1241]" page="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="1891">
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFF4CFB44FDF4FB5A" ID-CoL="X9F6" authority="Bates, 1891: 17" authorityName="Bates" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1891" box="[189,626,1214,1241]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Colpodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFF4CFB44FE36FB5B" box="[189,432,1214,1240]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Colpodes denigratus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBE8D1362531FFE49FB45FDF4FB5A" author="Bates H. W." box="[440,626,1215,1241]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="7 - 39" refId="ref25700" refString="Bates H. W. 1891. Coleoptera. In: Whymper E. (ed.) Supplementary Appendix to Travels amongst the Great Andes of the Equator: 7 - 39. John Murray, London." type="book chapter" year="1891">Bates, 1891: 17</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1C37C1362531FFF4CFB18FD40FB7F" blockId="42.[189,710,1214,1276]" box="[189,710,1250,1276]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0EE4521362531FFF4CFB18FD40FB7F" box="[189,710,1250,1276]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABFE56D1362531FFF4CFB18FDC8FB7F" author="Moret P." box="[189,590,1250,1276]" page="18" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="1998">
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFF4CFB18FDC8FB7F" ID-CoL="8MCHC" authority="Moret, 1998: 18" authorityName="Moret" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1998" box="[189,590,1250,1276]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFF4CFB18FE00FB7F" box="[189,390,1250,1276]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus palatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBE8D1362531FFE7FFB18FDC8FB7F" author="Moret P." box="[398,590,1250,1276]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="11 - 28" refId="ref27087" refString="Moret P. 1998. Les Dyscolus de la zone periglaciaire des Andes equatoriennes (Coleoptera, Harpalidae, Platyninae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France 103 (1): 11 - 28." type="journal article" year="1998">Moret, 1998: 18</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFDABFB18FD40FB7F" bold="true" box="[602,710,1250,1276]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1C37C1362531FFF4CFAD9FC98FABE" blockId="42.[189,798,1315,1377]" box="[189,798,1315,1342]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0EE4521362531FFF4CFAD9FC98FABE" box="[189,798,1315,1342]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFF4CFAD9FDB5FABE" ID-CoL="388GV" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[189,563,1315,1342]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus" subGenus="Dyscolus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFF4CFAD9FEAFFABE" box="[189,297,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFECBFAD9FE20FABE" box="[314,422,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFE47FAD9FDB5FABE" box="[438,563,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0ABFE56D1362531FFDA0FADEFC9FFABE" author="Moret P." box="[593,793,1315,1342]" page="128" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBE8D1362531FFDA0FADEFC9FFABE" author="Moret P." box="[593,793,1315,1342]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref27190" refString="Moret P. 2005. Los Coleopteros Carabidae del Paramo en los Andes del Ecuador: Sistematica, Ecologia y Biogeografia. Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Centro de Biodiversidad y Ambiente, Monografia 2, Quito." type="book" year="2005">Moret 2005: 128</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1C37C1362531FFF4CFABCFD71FAE3" blockId="42.[189,798,1315,1377]" box="[189,759,1350,1377]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0EE4521362531FFF4CFABCFD71FAE3" box="[189,759,1350,1377]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFF4CFABCFD8AFAE3" ID-CoL="8MCHC" authorityName="Moret" authorityYear="1998" box="[189,524,1350,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus" subGenus="Dyscolus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFF4CFABCFEAFFAE3" box="[189,297,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFECBFABCFE20FAE3" box="[314,422,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFE47FABCFD8AFAE3" box="[438,524,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">palatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="0ABFE56D1362531FFDDBFABDFD74FAE3" author="Moret P." box="[554,754,1350,1377]" page="130" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBE8D1362531FFDDBFABDFD74FAE3" author="Moret P." box="[554,754,1350,1377]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refId="ref27190" refString="Moret P. 2005. Los Coleopteros Carabidae del Paramo en los Andes del Ecuador: Sistematica, Ecologia y Biogeografia. Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Centro de Biodiversidad y Ambiente, Monografia 2, Quito." type="book" year="2005">Moret 2005: 130</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA1C37C1362531FFF4CFA72FD15F8CB" blockId="42.[189,1399,1416,1865]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFF4CFA72FE2AFA21" ID-CoL="388GV" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[189,428,1416,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFF4CFA72FE2AFA21" box="[189,428,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a highly variable species, with a broad range of variation within each population regarding body size, form of the pronotum, length of the legs, and form of the apex of the male aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="1325DFF91362531FFF34FA34FE2BFA6A" box="[197,429,1486,1513]" captionStart="Figs 45–50" captionStartId="43.[189,241,1887,1913]" captionTargetBox="[271,1311,274,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[264,1324,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figs 45–50. Dyscolus spp., habitus (45–47) and aedeagus, median lobe in lateral view (48–50). 45. D. denigratus (Bates, 1891), male specimen from Guamaní. 46. D. denigratus, male specimen from Guagua Pichincha (type locality). 47. D. palatus Moret, 1998, male paratype from Atacazo. 48– 50. D. denigratus. 48. From Guamaní. 49. From Cotacachi. 50. From Guagua Pichincha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829708/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 45–46, 48–50</figureCitation>
). The tree based on the COI sequences separates two clades (Fig. 2): one in the south-west part of the area of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFDD0FA08FD45F988" ID-CoL="388GV" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[545,707,1521,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFDD0FA08FD45F988" box="[545,707,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, represented in our dataset by the
<collectingRegion id="49DA0D9E1362531FFBADFA0BFB4EF988" box="[1116,1224,1521,1547]" country="Ecuador" name="Cotopaxi" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cotopaxi</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49DA0D9E1362531FFAF2FA0BFAF1F988" box="[1283,1399,1521,1547]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
populations, vs a north and north-east zone represented by the Cotacachi, Cayambe and Guamaní populations. Additionally, three species-level units are recognized through BIN analysis: the first one embraces the populations of the south-western clade, including specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFB31F9A6FABCF9F6" ID-CoL="8MCHC" authorityName="Moret" authorityYear="1998" box="[1216,1338,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFB31F9A6FABCF9F6" box="[1216,1338,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D. palatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The northern clade is split into two BIN units: one for the Guamaní population, and another for the Cotacachi and Cayambe populations. However, we were unable to find any morphological character that reliably reflects these divisions. According to the form of the apex of the median lobe, the Cotacachi population (
<figureCitation id="1325DFF91362531FFF37F912FE9AF881" box="[198,284,1768,1794]" captionStart="Figs 45–50" captionStartId="43.[189,241,1887,1913]" captionTargetBox="[271,1311,274,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[264,1324,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figs 45–50. Dyscolus spp., habitus (45–47) and aedeagus, median lobe in lateral view (48–50). 45. D. denigratus (Bates, 1891), male specimen from Guamaní. 46. D. denigratus, male specimen from Guagua Pichincha (type locality). 47. D. palatus Moret, 1998, male paratype from Atacazo. 48– 50. D. denigratus. 48. From Guamaní. 49. From Cotacachi. 50. From Guagua Pichincha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829708/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
) seems to be closer to the
<collectingRegion id="49DA0D9E1362531FFDA2F912FD41F881" box="[595,711,1768,1794]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
population (
<figureCitation id="1325DFF91362531FFCADF912FC34F880" box="[860,946,1768,1795]" captionStart="Figs 45–50" captionStartId="43.[189,241,1887,1913]" captionTargetBox="[271,1311,274,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[264,1324,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figs 45–50. Dyscolus spp., habitus (45–47) and aedeagus, median lobe in lateral view (48–50). 45. D. denigratus (Bates, 1891), male specimen from Guamaní. 46. D. denigratus, male specimen from Guagua Pichincha (type locality). 47. D. palatus Moret, 1998, male paratype from Atacazo. 48– 50. D. denigratus. 48. From Guamaní. 49. From Cotacachi. 50. From Guagua Pichincha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829708/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
) than to the Guamaní one (
<figureCitation id="1325DFF91362531FFB02F912FACDF881" box="[1267,1355,1768,1794]" captionStart="Figs 45–50" captionStartId="43.[189,241,1887,1913]" captionTargetBox="[271,1311,274,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[264,1324,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figs 45–50. Dyscolus spp., habitus (45–47) and aedeagus, median lobe in lateral view (48–50). 45. D. denigratus (Bates, 1891), male specimen from Guamaní. 46. D. denigratus, male specimen from Guagua Pichincha (type locality). 47. D. palatus Moret, 1998, male paratype from Atacazo. 48– 50. D. denigratus. 48. From Guamaní. 49. From Cotacachi. 50. From Guagua Pichincha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829708/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
), in contradiction with the molecular results. Obviously, the phylogeny of the
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFBE7F8F1FB15F8A6" ID-CoL="388GV" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1046,1171,1803,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFBE7F8F1FB15F8A6" box="[1046,1171,1803,1829]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex cannot be resolved from the COI sequences alone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30490F713625319FF4CF88AFAF0FAD4" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA1C37C13625319FF4CF88AFAF0FAD4" blockId="42.[189,1399,1904,2001]" lastBlockId="44.[189,1399,1129,1367]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
We thus take a conservative approach, with no taxonomic decision regarding the specific or subspecific status of the components of the
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFDC2F869FD28F82E" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[563,686,1939,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFDC2F869FD28F82E" box="[563,686,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, except for the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFB85F869FABDF82E" authorityName="Moret" authorityYear="1998" box="[1140,1339,1939,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFB85F869FABDF82E" box="[1140,1339,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus palatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFF4CF84CFE2CF853" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[189,426,1974,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFF4CF84CFE2CF853" box="[189,426,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF1362531FFE4AF84CFD04F853" authorityName="Moret" authorityYear="1998" box="[443,642,1974,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E1362531FFE4AF84CFD04F853" box="[443,642,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dyscolus palatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from specimens from the
<collectingRegion id="49DA0D9E1362531FFB97F84CFB5DF853" box="[1126,1243,1974,2000]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
, Atacazo and Corazón volcanoes in the Western Cordillera (
<figureCitation id="1325DFF913645319FD2AFB93FCB5FB00" box="[731,819,1129,1155]" captionStart="Figs 45–50" captionStartId="43.[189,241,1887,1913]" captionTargetBox="[271,1311,274,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[264,1324,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figs 45–50. Dyscolus spp., habitus (45–47) and aedeagus, median lobe in lateral view (48–50). 45. D. denigratus (Bates, 1891), male specimen from Guamaní. 46. D. denigratus, male specimen from Guagua Pichincha (type locality). 47. D. palatus Moret, 1998, male paratype from Atacazo. 48– 50. D. denigratus. 48. From Guamaní. 49. From Cotacachi. 50. From Guagua Pichincha." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829708" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829708/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
). This taxon was then thought to be more closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF13645319FEDEFB77FDE2FB25" authority="(Bates, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[303,612,1164,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="altarensis">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E13645319FEDEFB77FE44FB25" box="[303,450,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. altarensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBE8D13645319FE23FB76FDDAFB25" author="Bates H. W." box="[466,604,1164,1190]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="7 - 39" refId="ref25700" refString="Bates H. W. 1891. Coleoptera. In: Whymper E. (ed.) Supplementary Appendix to Travels amongst the Great Andes of the Equator: 7 - 39. John Murray, London." type="book chapter" year="1891">Bates, 1891</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
than to
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF13645319FD33FB77FCE6FB25" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[706,864,1164,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E13645319FD33FB77FCE6FB25" box="[706,864,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, due to its relatively broader and shorter body. The specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF13645319FE70FB4AFE7EFB4A" authorityName="Moret" authorityYear="1998" box="[385,504,1199,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E13645319FE70FB4AFE7EFB4A" box="[385,504,1199,1225]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. palatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
included in our analysis (COI voucher PM359-01, BOLD sequence SUM168- 18) instead suggests that
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF13645319FE2DFB2EFDD5FB6E" authorityName="Moret" authorityYear="1998" box="[476,595,1235,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E13645319FE2DFB2EFDD5FB6E" box="[476,595,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. palatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF13645319FD7BFB2EFCAEFB6E" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[650,808,1235,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E13645319FD7BFB2EFCAEFB6E" box="[650,808,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are conspecific. A re-examination of the
<typeStatus id="54A57DDE13645319FB0CFB29FAA9FB6E" box="[1277,1327,1235,1261]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
series of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF13645319FF2FFB0DFEDFFA93" authorityName="Moret" authorityYear="1998" box="[222,345,1270,1296]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E13645319FF2FFB0DFEDFFA93" box="[222,345,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. palatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and of large series of specimens recently collected on the
<collectingRegion id="49DA0D9E13645319FBFEFB0CFB07FA93" box="[1039,1153,1270,1296]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
shows that the body dimensions of the two taxa partly overlap (
<figureCitation id="1325DFF913645319FD30FAE3FC9FFAB7" box="[705,793,1305,1332]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,232,1032,1058]" captionTargetBox="[409,1182,301,991]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[405,1182,297,994]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 51. Compared dimensions of the elytra of Dyscolus denigratus (Bates, 1891) and D. palatus Moret, 1998." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829710/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
). Owing to the existence of these transition forms,
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF13645319FF4CFAC7FEB2FAD5" authorityName="Moret" authorityYear="1998" box="[189,308,1340,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palatus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E13645319FF4CFAC7FEB2FAD5" box="[189,308,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. palatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cannot be maintained as a good species and we therefore treat it as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1EB8FF13645319FB23FAC7FAE9FAD5" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1234,1391,1340,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dyscolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denigratus">
<emphasis id="B96A1F6E13645319FB23FAC7FAE9FAD5" box="[1234,1391,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. denigratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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