442 lines
51 KiB
XML
442 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="72E29121C1FED9BF369775715C28DDB2" ID-CLB-Dataset="59012" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5315.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fb5b9536-7e40-4890-87c8-a6eb884fc16d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8142254" ID-ZooBank="4534E430-AE37-4713-9E97-FD83F213C7DA" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1689235846823" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Faynel, Christophe & Fåhraeus, Christer" docDate="2023" docId="681287CA0720A173FF67FAD0FC4CC325" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5315.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5315 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5315.4.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Thereus vicens Faynel & Fahraeus 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="11D0A3B8-871D-4B1D-8BFE-7D04EA1C48C4" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="309" masterDocId="942BFFB20727A17AFFF0FA46FFE2C264" masterDocTitle="Two new Thereus species from Peru, with notes on ecological niche partitioning (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae)" masterLastPageNumber="314" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="308" updateTime="1699537053301" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="CE1E6894ED2F94A64DBCD1E86EB84D01">Two new Thereus species from Peru, with notes on ecological niche partitioning (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="99F456C5EA769FFB9BF917DC43440034" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6B9E03806F0C492EB3F49E09BE7A3EF9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3ADD1E88805BB6987405B4E7F3785C22">Faynel, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6764EAB125CAB43D1C511E871020F783">16, rue des Aspres, 34160 Montaud, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1A4054B26802D3267A9017C9EDD190C7">Fåhraeus, Christer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="34CA84B0F2EACB2BD20E6D208D0C0B6A">Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. e-mail: christer. fahraeus @ eqlpharma. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="2BFC453103897671CA93387DE32A6DAD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="23399E07FD01F62EB3539DBAAB80EAB0">
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<mods:date id="8189B4FE706CE1BC5608981601C28945">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E207D1627921C59319E4FCD6636B0078">2023-07-11</mods:number>
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<treatment id="681287CA0720A173FF67FAD0FC4CC325" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8145008" ID-GBIF-Taxon="211580968" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8145008" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:11D0A3B8-871D-4B1D-8BFE-7D04EA1C48C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/681287CA0720A173FF67FAD0FC4CC325" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<subSubSection id="A8A165570720A17DFF67FAD0FD7BC2D4" box="[151,665,149,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E00436DC0720A17DFF67FAD0FD7BC2D4" blockId="7.[151,665,149,212]" box="[151,665,149,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="BB4C81B00720A17DFF67FAD0FD7BC2D4" bold="true" box="[151,665,149,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF67FAD0FD7BC2D4" bold="true" box="[151,665,149,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFF67FAD0FDD6C2D4" ID-CoL="BJ583" authority="Faynel & Fahraeus" authorityName="Faynel & Fahraeus" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,564,149,177]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicens" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF67FAD0FEA7C2D4" bold="true" box="[151,325,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Thereus vicens</emphasis>
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Faynel & Fåhraeus
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C9FC57B50720A17DFDB0FAD0FD7BC2D4" box="[576,665,150,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A8A165570720A17DFF67FAFCFE35C2B0" box="[151,471,186,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E00436DC0720A17DFF67FAFCFE35C2B0" blockId="7.[151,665,149,212]" box="[151,471,186,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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(
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<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFF6FFAFCFECAC2B0" box="[159,296,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[185,1392,391,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-127@3.[176,1410,378,1328]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Adults of Thereus, dorsal view at left. 1.♁ T. tierralinda sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 2. ♁ T. illex (Colombia, MNHN). 3. ♁ T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 4. ♀ T. vicens sp. nov. (Peru, FILS). 5. ♁ T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 6. ♀ T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 7. ♁ T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 8. ♀ T. eryssus (Brazil, CF)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142256/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figures 3, 4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFEC4FAFCFEB0C2B0" box="[308,338,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–14" captionStartId="4.[151,264,733,757]" captionTargetBox="[321,1265,181,709]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[321,1265,181,709]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 10–14. Male DFW androconia. 10. Thereus tierralinda sp. nov. 11. T. illex. 12. T. columbicola. 13. T. eryssus. 14. T. vicens sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142262/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">14</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFEAEFAFCFE9EC2B0" box="[350,380,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–19" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1165,1189]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,274,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-54@5.[151,1435,273,1141]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 15–19. Male genitalia, ventral view (on right), left lateral view (at left). 15. Thereus tierralinda sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 16. T. illex (Colombia, MNHN). 17. T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 18. T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 19. T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142264/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">19</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFE78FAFCFE45C2B0" box="[392,423,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–22" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1822,1846]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,1322,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-101@5.[151,1435,1321,1798]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 20–22. Female genitalia. Ventral view (at left), lateral view (middle), papilla analis in lateral view (at right). 20. Thereus columbicola (Peru, CF). 21. T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 22. T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142266/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">22</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFE42FAFCFE2DC2B0" box="[434,463,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="8.[151,250,761,785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,737]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[151,1436,181,737]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 23. Male eighth tergite in ventral view.Anterior border (at bottom) W-shape on Thereus tierralinda sp. nov. (left) and subrectangular on T. vicens sp. nov. (right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142268/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">23</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A8A165570720A17DFF67FB44FF1AC058" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E00436DC0720A17DFF67FB44FEF3C3C8" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF67FB44FEA6C378" bold="true" box="[151,324,258,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="50D33C810720A17DFEBAFB44FEF3C3C8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4154021313" collectingDate="2019-07-07" collectingDateMax="2021-12-14" collectingDateMin="2019-07-07" collectorName="J. J. Ramirez & C. Faynel" country="Peru" county="Tingo Maria" elevation="730" location="Pavas" municipality="Cueva" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Huanuco" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="3F00887E0720A17DFEBAFB44FE50C378" box="[330,434,258,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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♁ (
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<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFE2BFB44FDFCC378" box="[475,542,258,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[185,1392,391,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-127@3.[176,1410,378,1328]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Adults of Thereus, dorsal view at left. 1.♁ T. tierralinda sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 2. ♁ T. illex (Colombia, MNHN). 3. ♁ T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 4. ♀ T. vicens sp. nov. (Peru, FILS). 5. ♁ T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 6. ♀ T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 7. ♁ T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 8. ♀ T. eryssus (Brazil, CF)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142256/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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): “
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<collectingCountry id="98AC764C0720A17DFDCDFB44FD91C378" box="[573,627,258,284]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Peru</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion id="227FF83E0720A17DFD89FB44FD3CC378" box="[633,734,258,284]" country="Peru" name="Huanuco" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Huánuco</collectingRegion>
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//
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<collectingCounty id="09654E500720A17DFD09FB44FC66C378" box="[761,900,258,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Tingo María</collectingCounty>
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//
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<collectingMunicipality id="0060ACA60720A17DFC6FFB44FC05C378" box="[927,999,258,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Cueva</collectingMunicipality>
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de las
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<location id="E56460070720A17DFBC1FB45FB90C379" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:681287CA0720A173FF67FAD0FC4CC325:E56460070720A17DFBC1FB45FB90C379" box="[1073,1138,259,285]" country="Peru" county="Tingo Maria" municipality="Cueva" name="Pavas" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" stateProvince="Huanuco">Pavas</location>
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<quantity id="27439B390720A17DFB89FB44FB5BC378" box="[1145,1209,258,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="730.0">
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<elevation id="6B96D1EF0720A17DFB89FB44FB5BC378" box="[1145,1209,258,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="730.0">730m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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// 09°22´S – 75°58´W //
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<date id="9405101C0720A17DFF3CFB61FEAFC324" box="[204,333,294,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2019-07-07">
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<collectingDate id="8441E9F40720A17DFF3CFB61FEAFC324" box="[204,333,294,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2019-07-07">7.VII. 2019</collectingDate>
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</date>
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//
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<collectorName id="4D4E530A0720A17DFE98FB61FE13C324" box="[360,497,294,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">J.J. Ramírez</collectorName>
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leg.” (white rectangular label, black printed); “LYC 1601” (orange rectangular label, black printed); “Diss. n° 689 //
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<date id="9405101C0720A17DFE1DFB0CFD91C300" box="[493,627,330,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2021-12-14">
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<collectingDate id="8441E9F40720A17DFE1DFB0CFD91C300" box="[493,627,330,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2021-12-14">14.XII.2021</collectingDate>
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</date>
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//
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<collectorName id="4D4E530A0720A17DFD7FFB0CFD1CC300" box="[655,766,330,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">C. Faynel</collectorName>
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” (white rectangular label, black printed); “HOLOTYPE ♁ //
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<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFF67FB28FEDEC3EC" authorityName="Faynel & Fahraeus" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,316,366,392]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicens">
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<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF67FB28FEDEC3EC" box="[151,316,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Thereus vicens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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// Faynel & Fåhraeus, 2023” (red rectangular label, black printed). Currently in CF, will be deposited in MUSM.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="E00436DC0720A17DFF37FBF1FF1AC058" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
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<materialsCitation id="50D33C810720A17DFF37FBF1FE3DC390" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4154021321" collectingDate="2020-08-21" collectionCode="FILS" collectorName="William" country="Peru" elevation="900" location="Alt" municipality="Tingo Maria" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Huanuco" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="3F00887E0720A17DFF37FBF1FEDAC3B5" box="[199,312,439,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<specimenCount id="F6BDFD550720A17DFEB6FBF0FE8BC3B4" box="[326,361,438,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, “
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<collectingCountry id="98AC764C0720A17DFE73FBF0FE5BC3B4" box="[387,441,438,464]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Peru</collectingCountry>
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<collectingRegion id="227FF83E0720A17DFE33FBF0FDCAC3B4" box="[451,552,438,464]" country="Peru" name="Huanuco" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Huánuco</collectingRegion>
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||
//
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<collectingMunicipality id="0060ACA60720A17DFDBBFBF0FD38C3B4" box="[587,730,438,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Tingo Maria</collectingMunicipality>
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vic //
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<location id="E56460070720A17DFCD8FBF0FCAEC3B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:681287CA0720A173FF67FAD0FC4CC325:E56460070720A17DFCD8FBF0FCAEC3B4" box="[808,844,438,464]" country="Peru" municipality="Tingo Maria" name="Alt" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" stateProvince="Huanuco">Alt</location>
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<quantity id="27439B390720A17DFCA5FBF0FC7DC3B5" box="[853,927,438,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="900.0">
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<elevation id="6B96D1EF0720A17DFCA5FBF0FC7DC3B5" box="[853,927,438,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
//
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<date id="9405101C0720A17DFC32FBF0FBB7C3B4" box="[962,1109,438,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2020-08-21">
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||
<collectingDate id="8441E9F40720A17DFC32FBF0FBB7C3B4" box="[962,1109,438,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2020-08-21">21.VIII.2020</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
// local/
|
||
<collectorName id="4D4E530A0720A17DFB45FBF0FAF2C3B4" box="[1205,1296,438,464]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">William</collectorName>
|
||
leg.”, DNA sample ID CFC22463 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="86AAAE190720A17DFE68FB9CFE35C390" box="[408,471,474,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">FILS</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="50D33C810720A17DFE18FB9CFAC4C390" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4154021323" box="[488,1318,474,501]" collectingDate="2013-10" collectionCode="CF" country="Peru" elevation="1750" location="Huanuco" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Huanuco" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="F6BDFD550720A17DFE18FB9CFDE9C390" box="[488,523,474,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="98AC764C0720A17DFDE8FB9DFDACC391" box="[536,590,475,501]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="227FF83E0720A17DFDA8FB9CFD22C390" box="[600,704,474,500]" country="Peru" name="Huanuco" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Huánuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="27439B390720A17DFD3AFB9CFC82C391" box="[714,864,474,501]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1500.0">
|
||
<elevation id="6B96D1EF0720A17DFD3AFB9CFC82C391" box="[714,864,474,501]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1500.0">1500-2000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="9405101C0720A17DFC9BFB9DFC25C390" box="[875,967,474,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2013-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="8441E9F40720A17DFC9BFB9DFC25C390" box="[875,967,474,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2013-10">X. 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, sample ID CF-LYC-1117 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="86AAAE190720A17DFB06FB9CFAFFC390" box="[1270,1309,474,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">CF</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="50D33C810720A17DFADFFB9DFF16C058" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4154021314" country="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Huanuco" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="3F00887E0720A17DFADFFB9DFA7EC391" box="[1327,1436,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
have the following labels “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFE36FBB8FD8EC07C" authorityName="Faynel & Fahraeus" authorityYear="2023" box="[454,620,510,536]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicens">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFE36FBB8FD8EC07C" box="[454,620,510,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Thereus vicens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
// Faynel & Fåhraeus, 2023 // Paratype
|
||
<specimenCount id="F6BDFD550720A17DFBDDFBB8FBA2C07C" box="[1069,1088,510,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
” (blue rectangular label, black printed)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A8A165570720A17DFF37F800FED2C138" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="E00436DC0720A17DFF37F800FED2C138" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF37F800FEA0C004" bold="true" box="[199,322,582,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFEBBF801FE52C004" authority="Faynel & Fåhraeus, 2023" authorityName="Faynel & Fåhraeus" authorityYear="2023" box="[331,432,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFEBBF801FE52C004" box="[331,432,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">T. vicens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFE49F800FDF4C004" bold="true" box="[441,534,582,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C9FC57B50720A17DFE49F800FDF4C004" box="[441,534,582,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFD50F800FD1BC004" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[672,761,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFD50F800FD1BC004" box="[672,761,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Thereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it possesses male genitalia associated with dorsal brush organs and the number of antennae flagellomeres (nudum segments) is sexually dimorphic. It is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFF67F8C9FF06C0CC" box="[151,228,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illex">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF67F8C9FF06C0CC" box="[151,228,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">T. illex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ventrally. Males differ from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFD80F8C8FCC0C0CC" box="[624,802,654,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFD80F8C8FD2BC0CC" box="[624,713,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Thereus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by: (1) the DFW scent patch is lacking, while the other species have a DFW scent patch next to the scent pad, (2) both sexes have a characteristic ventral pattern, especially the white VHW straight postmedian line, (3) smaller valvae in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFBE1F890FB77C095" box="[1041,1173,726,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–19" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1165,1189]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,274,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-54@5.[151,1435,273,1141]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 15–19. Male genitalia, ventral view (on right), left lateral view (at left). 15. Thereus tierralinda sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 16. T. illex (Colombia, MNHN). 17. T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 18. T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 19. T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142264/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs 15–19</figureCitation>
|
||
), (4) an aedeagus with one cornutus (two in the other species), and (5) a 4.14 % mean genetic distance (COI sequence) with the nearest species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFF0AF959FE41C15C" box="[250,419,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF0AF959FE41C15C" box="[250,419,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">T. columbicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the K2P distance matrix (Table 3 and with BIN numbers AEC1746 and ACK2912, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A8A165570720A17DFF37F920FC4DC528" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E00436DC0720A17DFF37F920FC4DC528" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF37F920FE4AC1E4" bold="true" box="[199,424,870,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Description. Male.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFE4BF920FDE6C1E4" box="[443,516,870,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[185,1392,391,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-127@3.[176,1410,378,1328]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Adults of Thereus, dorsal view at left. 1.♁ T. tierralinda sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 2. ♁ T. illex (Colombia, MNHN). 3. ♁ T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 4. ♀ T. vicens sp. nov. (Peru, FILS). 5. ♁ T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 6. ♀ T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 7. ♁ T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 8. ♀ T. eryssus (Brazil, CF)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142256/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). FW length:
|
||
<quantity id="27439B390720A17DFD5CF920FCF6C1E5" box="[684,788,870,897]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7899999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="17.9">17.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 1).
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFC77F920FC26C1E4" box="[903,964,870,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Brown eyes sparsely pilose with white circumference; black antennae ringed with white, orange nudum (18 flagellomeres); labial palps white.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFAB4F9CCFA77C1C0" box="[1348,1429,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: brown with grey scales dorsally, brown and hairy ventrally; legs brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFC32F9E8FBCEC1AC" box="[962,1068,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: brown dorsally, beige ventrally.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF67F995FF39C188" box="[151,219,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: DFW: basal crescent blue including androconia, costal and outer margin black. VFW: light brown ground color, costa reddish orange at its base. White postmedian band from vein R
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFC18FE4FFC12C673" attach="left" box="[1000,1008,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
to CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFBBAFE4FFBB0C673" attach="left" box="[1098,1106,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
bordered basally by a darker brown area. White submarginal band from R
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFD74FE6BFD6EC65F" attach="left" box="[644,652,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">3</subScript>
|
||
to 2A bordered distally by darker brown scales. DHW: largely covered by blue, small reddish spot on anal lobe. VHW: light brown ground color with same pattern as on FW. The white postmedian line forms a W-shaped in CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFD9EFE33FD94C6E7" attach="left" box="[622,630,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">1</subScript>
|
||
–3A and there is a red spot in CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFC01FE33FC1BC6E7" attach="left" box="[1009,1017,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">1</subScript>
|
||
–CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFBCDFE33FBA7C6E7" attach="left" box="[1085,1093,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
and in CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFB3AFE33FB30C6E7" attach="left" box="[1226,1234,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
–2A, the former is distally black pupilled. Brown fringe on outer margin of both wings. Tails at the end of CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFB6CFEDFFB46C6C3" attach="left" box="[1180,1188,1177,1191]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">1</subScript>
|
||
short (
|
||
<quantity id="27439B390720A17DFB02FEC0FAA8C6C4" box="[1266,1354,1158,1184]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and at CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFF3CFEFBFF36C6AF" attach="left" box="[204,212,1213,1227]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
long (
|
||
<quantity id="27439B390720A17DFEECFEECFE83C6A0" box="[284,353,1194,1220]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
), the latter with white tips.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFD7FFEECFCD1C6A0" box="[655,819,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFCB2FEECFC76C6A0" box="[834,916,1194,1220]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–19" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1165,1189]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,274,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-54@5.[151,1435,273,1141]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 15–19. Male genitalia, ventral view (on right), left lateral view (at left). 15. Thereus tierralinda sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 16. T. illex (Colombia, MNHN). 17. T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 18. T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 19. T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142264/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
): very large genital ring in ventral view; uncus subrectangular, narrow and setose; gnathos curved, long and thin; tegumen with a ventral projection; vinculum with a dorso-lateral process supporting long dorsal brush organs (secondary sexual organ); but no brush organ attached to lateral part of the vinculum as in the other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFD6BFF50FCB6C754" box="[667,852,1302,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFD6BFF50FD16C754" box="[667,756,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Thereus</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Valvae very short; saccus also very short (less than two fifth of genitalia length) and pointed. Aedeagus with one cornutus situated at dorsally curved posterior end. Eighth tergite subrectangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFE01FF18FDAAC71C" box="[497,584,1374,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="8.[151,250,761,785]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,737]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[151,1436,181,737]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 23. Male eighth tergite in ventral view.Anterior border (at bottom) W-shape on Thereus tierralinda sp. nov. (left) and subrectangular on T. vicens sp. nov. (right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142268/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFDADFF18FD56C71C" bold="true" box="[605,692,1374,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFD35FF18FCEFC71C" box="[709,781,1374,1400]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1355,1379]" captionTargetBox="[185,1392,391,1318]" captionTargetId="figure-127@3.[176,1410,378,1328]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Adults of Thereus, dorsal view at left. 1.♁ T. tierralinda sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 2. ♁ T. illex (Colombia, MNHN). 3. ♁ T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM). 4. ♀ T. vicens sp. nov. (Peru, FILS). 5. ♁ T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 6. ♀ T. columbicola (Peru, CF). 7. ♁ T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 8. ♀ T. eryssus (Brazil, CF)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142256/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). FW length:
|
||
<quantity id="27439B390720A17DFC5DFF18FBF1C71D" box="[941,1043,1374,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="19.6">19.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SD = 0.33, n = 2).
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFAF3FF18FAA2C71C" box="[1283,1344,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Brown eyes sparsely hairy with white circumference; black antennae ringed with white, orange nudum (27 flagellomeres); Labial palps white.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFE89FFE0FE28C7A4" box="[377,458,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: brown with grey scales dorsally, brown and hairy ventrally.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFB78FFE0FB10C7A4" box="[1160,1266,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: grey dorsally, beige ventrally.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFEB8FF8DFE9FC780" box="[328,381,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFE2FFF8DFDC1C780" box="[479,547,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: DFW: dull blue on a larger part, costal and outer margin dark grey. VFW: beige ground color, costa reddish orange at its base. White postmedian band from vein R
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFBCAFC47FBA0C46B" attach="left" box="[1082,1090,1537,1551]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
to CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFB6BFC47FB41C46B" attach="left" box="[1179,1187,1537,1551]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
bordered basally by a darker beige area. A finer white submarginal band from R
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFCD9FC63FCD3C457" attach="left" box="[809,817,1573,1587]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">3</subScript>
|
||
to 2A bordered distally by a darker beige area. DHW: reddish orange spot on anal lobe. VHW: beige ground color. White postmedian line which forms a W in CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFAADFC0FFA87C433" attach="left" box="[1373,1381,1609,1623]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">1</subScript>
|
||
–3A. Submarginal band with white crescents. Small red orange spot in CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFC48FC2BFC22C41F" attach="left" box="[952,960,1645,1659]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">1</subScript>
|
||
–CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFBF3FC2BFBE9C41F" attach="left" box="[1027,1035,1645,1659]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
, black pupilled, linked to tornus of same color. Clear beige fringe on outer margin of both wings. Tails at end of CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFBEFFCD7FBC5C4FB" attach="left" box="[1055,1063,1681,1695]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">1</subScript>
|
||
short and CuA
|
||
<subScript id="7C3F34990720A17DFB3FFCD7FB35C4FB" attach="left" box="[1231,1239,1681,1695]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">2</subScript>
|
||
long, both brown with white tips.
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFEA0FCE4FDF2C4D8" box="[336,528,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="78802A590720A17DFDD1FCE4FD95C4D8" box="[545,631,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–22" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1822,1846]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,1322,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-101@5.[151,1435,1321,1798]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 20–22. Female genitalia. Ventral view (at left), lateral view (middle), papilla analis in lateral view (at right). 20. Thereus columbicola (Peru, CF). 21. T. eryssus (Brazil, CF). 22. T. vicens sp. nov. (HT, Peru, MUSM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142266/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
): ductus bursae same length as corpus bursae; ductus seminalis arising from back of the corpus bursae from a pouch in the cervix bursae; large funnel-shaped ostium bursae; signum in corpus bursae absent; no sclerotized invaginations on membrane attached to ventro-lateral sides of papillae anales. It is also absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFE80FD49FDF5C54C" box="[368,535,1806,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFE80FD49FDF5C54C" box="[368,535,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">T. columbicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F0720A17DFDA0FD49FD5DC54C" box="[592,703,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eryssus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFDA0FD49FD5DC54C" box="[592,703,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">T. eryssus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The association of the sexes was based on similar ventral wing patterns, the same COI sequence and hence the same BIN (AEC1746).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A8A165570720A17DFF37FD10FE57C5B8" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E00436DC0720A17DFF37FD10FDFCC5DC" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF37FD10FEACC514" bold="true" box="[199,334,1878,1904]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is dedicated to Jose Vicens, previous owner of the reserve Tierra Linda (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="98AC764C0720A17DFAFCFD10FAA6C514" box="[1292,1348,1878,1904]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="227FF83E0720A17DFABFFD10FA7AC514" box="[1359,1432,1878,1904]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Cusco</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Rio Cosñipata valley), who died in
|
||
<date id="9405101C0720A17DFDD8FD3CFD01C5F0" box="[552,739,1914,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" value="2021-09">September 2021</date>
|
||
. It is a noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition to the generic name, not Latinized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E00436DC0720A17DFF37FD84FE57C5B8" blockId="7.[151,1437,258,2012]" box="[199,437,1986,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE0720A17DFF37FD84FEDAC5B8" bold="true" box="[199,312,1986,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Ethology.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="B4C46654072FA172FF67F8BFFDB2C151" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142268" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8142268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142268/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" startId="8.[151,250,761,785]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,737]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="E00436DC072FA172FF67F8BFFDB2C151" blockId="8.[151,1437,761,821]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FF67F8BFFEFDC175" bold="true" box="[151,287,761,785]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
|
||
Male eighth tergite in ventral view. Anterior border (at bottom) W-shape on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FBEFF8BFFB06C175" authority="Faynel & Fåhraeus, 2023" authorityName="Faynel & Fåhraeus" authorityYear="2023" box="[1055,1252,761,785]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tierralinda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FBEFF8BFFB06C175" box="[1055,1252,761,785]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Thereus tierralinda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FB19F8BFFADBC175" bold="true" box="[1257,1337,761,785]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C9FC57B5072FA172FB19F8BFFADBC175" box="[1257,1337,761,785]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(left) and subrectangular on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FEA2F958FE48C151" authority="Faynel & Fåhraeus, 2023" authorityName="Faynel & Fåhraeus" authorityYear="2023" box="[338,426,798,821]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FEA2F958FE48C151" box="[338,426,798,821]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">T. vicens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FE41F95BFDE3C151" bold="true" box="[433,513,797,821]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C9FC57B5072FA172FE41F95BFDE3C151" box="[433,513,797,821]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(right).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B4C46654072FA172FF67FF8DFC60C44F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142272" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8142272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8142272/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" startId="8.[151,250,1483,1507]" targetBox="[151,1436,881,1459]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="E00436DC072FA172FF67FF8DFC60C44F" blockId="8.[151,1437,1483,1580]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FF67FF8DFEC1C787" bold="true" box="[151,291,1483,1507]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
|
||
Flight zone of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FE3BFF8AFDB7C787" authority="Faynel & Fåhraeus, 2023" authorityName="Faynel & Fåhraeus" authorityYear="2023" box="[459,597,1483,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tierralinda" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FE3BFF8AFDB7C787" box="[459,597,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">T. tierralinda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FDAFFF8AFD51C780" bold="true" box="[607,691,1484,1508]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C9FC57B5072FA172FDAFFF8AFD51C780" box="[607,691,1484,1508]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in 2019 and 2021 (higher oval) and the approximate flight zone of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FA7AFF8AFEF6C463" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FA7AFF8AFEF6C463" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">T. columbicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 2017 and 2018 (lower oval) from a riverside clearing adjacent to the Tierra Linda Reserve camp (picture taken in 2021). Arrows indicate the preferred location for the observation posts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A8A16557072FA172FF37FC1FFE41C4FC" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E00436DC072FA172FF37FC1FFE41C4FC" blockId="8.[151,1437,1625,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FF37FC1FFDFBC417" bold="true" box="[199,537,1625,1652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Distribution and bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||
Apparently a mid-mountain species in central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="98AC764C072FA172FBC4FC1CFB88C410" box="[1076,1130,1626,1652]" name="Peru" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, from around
|
||
<quantity id="27439B39072FA172FAFDFC1CFA7EC410" box="[1293,1436,1626,1652]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.365" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.73" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" unit="m" value="1365.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="730.0">730–2000 m</quantity>
|
||
based on available data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A8A16557072FA173FF37FCE4FC4CC325" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E00436DC072FA173FF37FCE4FC4CC325" blockId="8.[151,1437,1625,2012]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,321]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FF37FCE4FED9C4D8" bold="true" box="[199,315,1698,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
As noted by previous authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="842A4B2D072FA172FD6DFCE4FCDDC4D8" author="Robbins, R. K." box="[669,831,1698,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref10272" refString="Robbins, R. K. (1991) Evolution, comparative morphology, and identification of the Eumaeini butterfly genus Rekoa Kaye (Lycaenidae. Theclinae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 498, 1 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.498" type="journal article" year="1991">Robbins 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="842A4B2D072FA172FCBCFCE4FBCCC4D8" author="Robbins, R. K. & Heredia, M. D. & Busby, R. C." box="[844,1070,1697,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" pagination="109 - 130" refId="ref10395" refString="Robbins, R. K., Heredia, M. D. & Busby, R. C. (2015) Male secondary sexual structures and the systematics of the Thereus oppia species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Eumaeini). ZooKeys, 520, 109 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 520.10134" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Robbins
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FC41FCE4FC08C4D8" box="[945,1002,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the pair of ventro-lateral brush organs on the male genitalia that is characterizing the genus (in addition to the pair of dorsal ones) is also absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FF47FCACFDA2C560" authority="(Giacomelli)" baseAuthorityName="Giacomelli" box="[183,576,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudarcula">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FF47FCACFE41C560" box="[183,419,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Thereus pseudarcula</emphasis>
|
||
(Giacomelli)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FDBDFCACFD53C567" authority="Faynel & Fåhraeus, 2023" authorityName="Faynel & Fåhraeus" authorityYear="2023" box="[589,689,1770,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FDBDFCACFD53C567" box="[589,689,1770,1795]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">T. vicens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FD4BFCACFCFAC560" bold="true" box="[699,792,1770,1796]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C9FC57B5072FA172FD4BFCACFCFAC560" box="[699,792,1770,1796]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is the second
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FC32FCACFB94C560" box="[962,1142,1770,1796]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FC32FCACFBF9C560" box="[962,1051,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Thereus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sharing this particularity. However, these authors warned that the ventro-lateral brush organs could be inconspicuous and may not be detected during dissection. Consequently, more dissections will be necessary to check if this character is really absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FA78FD74FF3FC50B" authority="Faynel & Fåhraeus, 2023" authorityName="Faynel & Fåhraeus" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Thereus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FA78FD74FF3FC50B" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">T. vicens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FF16FD10FEA0C514" bold="true" box="[230,322,1878,1904]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C9FC57B5072FA172FF16FD10FEA0C514" box="[230,322,1878,1904]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
since only the holotype has been dissected so far and no other male has been found. The female underside wing pattern shares similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BB4D5F072FA172FD48FD3CFBC3C5F0" authority="(Strand)" baseAuthorityName="Strand" box="[696,1057,1914,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cupathecla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gabathana">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2CFEACE072FA172FD48FD3CFC59C5F0" box="[696,955,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Cupathecla gabathana</emphasis>
|
||
(Strand)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but they are dorsally distinct. In Tingo Maria, local collectors sample on an altitude gradient and do not report on the envelopes the exact altitudes, that’s why data in the material is not precise. Two other barcoded male specimens have similar wing pattern (Table 2) but have different COIs sequences and were assigned different BIN numbers on BOLD. These specimens were not included in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3F00887E072EA173FE8EFAFDFE4CC2B1" box="[382,430,187,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material since they could represent a different species but more material is needed to establish if this is the case (1♁,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="98AC764C072EA173FDFBFA99FDA3C29D" box="[523,577,223,249]" name="Peru" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Cusco,
|
||
<collectorName id="4D4E530A072EA173FD54FA99FC46C29D" box="[676,932,223,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Quebrada Quitacalzon</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="27439B39072EA173FC42FA99FBE3C29D" box="[946,1025,223,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
|
||
, 1301/7130,
|
||
<date id="9405101C072EA173FB67FA99FAE8C29D" box="[1175,1290,223,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" value="2007-11-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="8441E9F4072EA173FB67FA99FAE8C29D" box="[1175,1290,223,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" value="2007-11-07">7.XI.2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="4D4E530A072EA173FAE8FA99FA81C29D" box="[1304,1379,223,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Lamas</collectorName>
|
||
leg., DNA sample ID MHNLXPL1A04 (MUSM), BIN AEO6307; 1♁,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="98AC764C072EA173FC8CFB45FC39C379" box="[892,987,259,285]" name="Ecuador" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="227FF83E072EA173FC15FB45FBC6C379" box="[997,1060,259,285]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Napo</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Pimpilala,
|
||
<quantity id="27439B39072EA173FB59FB45FB0BC379" box="[1193,1257,259,285]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" unit="km" value="20.0">20km</quantity>
|
||
SSW
|
||
<location id="E5646007072EA173FADEFB45FA85C379" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:681287CA0720A173FF67FAD0FC4CC325:E5646007072EA173FADEFB45FA85C379" box="[1326,1383,259,285]" country="Peru" name="Tena" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" stateProvince="Napo">Tena</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="27439B39072EA173FA82FB45FF4DC325" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="600.0">
|
||
<elevation id="6B96D1EF072EA173FA82FB45FF4DC325" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="9405101C072EA173FF4BFB60FED2C325" box="[187,304,294,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" value="2015-05-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="8441E9F4072EA173FF4BFB60FED2C325" box="[187,304,294,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" value="2015-05-08">08.V.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, DNA sample ID RCPBXPL1F11 (PB), BIN AER6219).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |