284 lines
38 KiB
XML
284 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="092F0D5158F26350B44F4FE8B41B28BC">Systematics and Phylogenetics of Indo-Pacific Luciolinae Fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) and the Description of new Genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BC354C1A3B998F8359DB2F3ADE85071E">Lambkin, Christine L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C017A65509DA85C028F220DD226AB9C9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="26E320CB186DD2C6F946291964639FCB">2013</mods:date>
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<treatment id="E46FF2165E68C526FF6FBCE4FC06ED9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5266899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5266899" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E46FF2165E68C526FF6FBCE4FC06ED9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E46FF2165E68C526FF6FBCE4FC06ED9C" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
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<paragraph id="6C7943005E68C527FF6FBCE4FE79E97A" blockId="106.[151,546,1015,1074]" box="[151,431,1015,1041]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
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<heading id="3731F46C5E68C527FF6FBCE4FE79E97A" bold="true" box="[151,431,1015,1041]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FF6FBCE4FE79E97A" ID-CoL="4Q2W3" authority="Olivier" authorityName="Olivier" box="[151,431,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tener">
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<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF6FBCE4FE79E97A" bold="true" box="[151,431,1015,1041]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF6FBCE4FE86E97A" bold="true" box="[151,336,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Pteroptyx tener</emphasis>
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Olivier
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="24DC108B5E68C527FF6FBB09FDF4E959" box="[151,546,1050,1074]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6C7943005E68C527FF6FBB09FDF4E959" blockId="106.[151,546,1015,1074]" box="[151,546,1050,1074]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
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[
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<figureCitation id="F4FD5F855E68C527FF65BB09FE7DE959" box="[157,427,1050,1074]" captionStart="FIGURES 200–207" captionStartId="104.[151,263,1859,1882]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-126@104.[151,1436,337,1838]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURES 200–207. Pteroptyx spp. Females. 200–201, 204, 205 Pteroptyx bearni female Kalabakan river (ANIC). 202, 203, 206, 207 Pteroptyx tener bred female (ANIC). 200–203 bursa (200, 202, 203 lateral; 201 ventral); 204, 206 abdomen ventral; 205, 207 whole body ventral. Figure legends: 1 median oviduct plate; 2 posterior bursa plate; 3 anterior bursa plate; 4 spermatophore digesting gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5265418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5265418/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Figs 202, 203, 206, 207</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="F4FD5F855E68C527FE4FBB09FDCAE959" box="[439,540,1050,1074]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–220" captionStartId="105.[151,263,1858,1881]" captionTargetBox="[223,1344,183,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-117@105.[223,1345,183,1833]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 208–220. Pteroptyx tener male. 208–211 type (MNHN); 212–213, 220 Sarawak Limbang (ANIC); 214–219 Kota Tinggi (ANIC). 208, 210 dorsal; 209 labels; 211 ventral; 212, 213 abdomen, ventral (212) and dorsal; 214–216 tergite 8 cleared in cold KOH, ventral (214), dorsal (215) and from behind with ventral surface uppermost; 217–219 aedeagus dorsal (217), left lateral (218), and ventral; 220 tarsus leg 1 showing excavated basitarsus 1. Figure legends: A distance from base of LL to apex of ML measured along dorsal surface; B distance from base of LL to apex of LL measured dorsally. These figures share scale lines: 214–216; 217–219." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5265420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5265420/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">209–220</figureCitation>
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]
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<subSubSection id="24DC108B5E68C527FF6FBB70FCFEE9DD" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FF6FBB70FE38E913" author="Olivier, E." box="[151,494,1122,1144]" page="181" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="1907">
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<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FF6FBB70FE38E913" ID-CoL="4Q2W3" authority="Olivier, 1907: 181" authorityName="Olivier" authorityPageNumber="181" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,494,1122,1144]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tener">
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<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF6FBB70FEE5E913" box="[151,307,1123,1144]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Pteroptyx tener</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FEC1BB71FE38E913" author="Olivier, E." box="[313,494,1122,1144]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref128760" refString="Olivier, E. (1907) Coleoptera, Lampyridae. Genera Insectorum, 53, 1 - 74 [Luciolinae, 48 - 56]." type="journal article" year="1907">Olivier, 1907:181</bibRefCitation>
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; 1910:48.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FDA1BB71FC7DE913" author="Ballantyne, L. A. & McLean, M. R." box="[601,939,1122,1144]" page="254" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="1970">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FDA1BB71FC7DE913" author="Ballantyne, L. A. & McLean, M. R." box="[601,939,1122,1144]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="223 - 305" refId="ref122809" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & McLean, M. R. (1970) Revisional studies on the firefly genus Pteroptyx Olivier (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae: Luciolini). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 96, 223 - 305." type="journal article" year="1970">Ballantyne & McLean, 1970:254</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FC4CBB71FB83E913" author="Case, J. F." box="[948,1109,1122,1144]" page="212" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FC4CBB71FB83E913" author="Case, J. F." box="[948,1109,1122,1144]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="195 - 222" refId="ref123826" refString="Case, J. F. (1984) Vision in Mating Behaviour of Fireflies, In: Lewis, T. (ed). Insect Communication. Royal Entomological Society symposium. Academic Press, pp. 195 - 222." type="book chapter" year="1984">Case, 1984:212</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FB9FBB71FADBE913" author="Lloyd J. E." box="[1127,1293,1122,1144]" page="59" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FB9FBB71FADBE913" author="Lloyd J. E." box="[1127,1293,1122,1144]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="48 - 84" refId="ref127224" refString="Lloyd J. E. (1984) On deception, a way of all flesh, and firefly signalling and systematics. Oxford Surveys in Evolutionary Biology. Eds R. Dawkins, M. Ridley. I, 48 - 84. Oxford University Press." type="journal article" year="1984">Lloyd, 1984:59</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FAE7BB70FEFFE9FC" author="McDermott, F. A." page="117" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="1966">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FAE7BB70FEFFE9FC" author="McDermott, F. A." pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="98 - 118" refId="ref127730" refString="McDermott, F. A. (1966) Lampyridae Pars. 9. Coleopterorum Catalogus (Junk-Schenkling) (Ed. Sec), 1 - 149 (Luciolini, 98 - 118)." type="book chapter" year="1966">McDermott, 1966:117</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FECABB92FDCCE9FC" author="Ballantyne, L. A." box="[306,538,1153,1175]" page="120" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="1987">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FECABB92FDCCE9FC" author="Ballantyne, L. A." box="[306,538,1153,1175]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="117 - 170" refId="ref122195" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. (1987 a) Further Revisional Studies on the firefly genus Pteroptyx Olivier (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 113, 117 - 170." type="journal article" year="1987">Ballantyne, 1987a:120</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FDDCBB92FCA9E9FC" author="Ballantyne, L. & Menayah, R." box="[548,895,1153,1175]" page="323" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FDDCBB92FCA9E9FC" author="Ballantyne, L. & Menayah, R." box="[548,895,1153,1175]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="323 - 328" refId="ref122856" refString="Ballantyne, L. A & Menayah, R. (2000) Redescription of the Synchronous Firefly, Pteroptyx tener Olivier (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), of Kampung Kuantan, Selangor. Malayan Nature Journal, 54 - 4, 323 - 328." type="journal article" year="2000">Ballantyne & Menayah, 2000:323</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FC71BB92FBA7E9FC" author="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H." box="[905,1137,1153,1175]" page="1" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FC71BB92FBA7E9FC" author="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H." box="[905,1137,1153,1175]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref128428" refString="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H. (2004) External morphology and ecological study of the firefly Pteroptyx tener at Kampong Kuantan, Selangor, Malaysia. Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum, 51, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="2004">Ohba & Wong, 2004:1</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FB84BB92FB64E9FC" author="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H." box="[1148,1202,1153,1175]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref128474" refString="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H. (2012). Observations on the external morphology, habitat and behaviour of Pteroptyx tener and Pteroptyx bearni in Malaysia. Lampyrid, in press." type="book" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
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:in press.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FAEFBB92FEFFE9DD" author="Zaidi, M. I & Azman, S. & Wong, C. Y." page="282" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FAEFBB92FEFFE9DD" author="Zaidi, M. I & Azman, S. & Wong, C. Y." pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref130393" refString="Zaidi, M. I, Azman, S. & Wong, C. Y. (2005) Synchronous fireflies on berembang trees along Sungai Sepetang, Taiping, Perak. Center for Insects Systematics, UKM." type="book" year="2005">
|
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Zaidi
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FAABBB91FA46E9FC" box="[1363,1424,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
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., 2005:282
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FECBBBB3FDC7E9DD" author="Dawood, M. M. & Hairul, H. M. & Mazidi, A. G." box="[307,529,1184,1206]" page="1" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="2007">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FECBBBB3FDC7E9DD" author="Dawood, M. M. & Hairul, H. M. & Mazidi, A. G." box="[307,529,1184,1206]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref124008" refString="Dawood, M. M., Hairul, H. M. & Mazidi, A. G. (2007) The distribution and phenology of Pteroptyx fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) along Garama River, Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of tropical Biology and Conservation, 3, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
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Dawood
|
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<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FE77BBB2FE15E9DD" box="[399,451,1184,1206]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
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2007:1
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="ED6765115E68C527FDE3BBB3FCF2E9DD" author="Wan Jusoh, W. F. A. & Hashim, N. R. & Ibrahim, Z. Z." box="[539,804,1184,1206]" page="56" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" year="2010">
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<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FDE3BBB3FCF2E9DD" author="Wan Jusoh, W. F. A. & Hashim, N. R. & Ibrahim, Z. Z." box="[539,804,1184,1206]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="56 - 60" refId="ref130171" refString="Wan Jusoh, W. F. A., Hashim, N. R. & Ibrahim, Z. Z. (2010) Distribution and abundance of Pteroptyx fireflies in Rembau-Linggi Estuary, peninsular Malaysia. Environment Asia, 3, 56 - 60." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Wan Jusoh
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FD77BBB2FD6AE9DD" box="[655,700,1184,1206]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al</emphasis>
|
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., 2010:56
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="24DC108B5E68C527FF6FBBF0FD72E80D" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="6C7943005E68C527FF6FBBF0FD8FE875" blockId="106.[151,1436,1250,2033]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
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<materialsCitation id="DCAE495D5E68C527FF6FBBF0FD8FE875" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Printed N. O." country="Indonesia" location="Sumatra" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF6FBBF0FED2E990" bold="true" box="[151,260,1251,1275]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
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<typeStatus id="B37DFDA25E68C527FF6FBBF0FED2E990" box="[151,260,1251,1275]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
|
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. Male.
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<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FEA3BBF1FE2FE990" bold="true" box="[347,505,1250,1275]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
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<collectingCountry id="14D103905E68C527FEA3BBF1FE2FE990" box="[347,505,1250,1275]" name="Indonesia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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. Labelled 1. Pink handwritten
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FCAFBBF0FBA1E991" authority="Ern Oliv." authorityName="Ern Oliv." box="[855,1143,1250,1274]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tener">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FCAFBBF0FBD3E991" box="[855,1029,1251,1274]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Pteroptyx tener</emphasis>
|
||
Ern Oliv.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 2.
|
||
<collectorName id="C13326D65E68C527FB58BBF1FAE1E991" box="[1184,1335,1250,1274]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Printed N. O.</collectorName>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE028DE25E68C527FAC7BBF1FA4AE991" box="[1343,1436,1250,1274]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
|
||
Tebing-Tinggi Dr Schultheiss (
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AD7DBC55E68C527FE09BA15FD9BE875" box="[497,589,1286,1310]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C7943005E68C527FF3FBA39FD72E80D" blockId="106.[151,1436,1250,2033]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF3FBA39FDDAE828" bold="true" box="[199,524,1322,1347]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Other specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DCAE495D5E68C527FDE4BA39FD76E80D" collectingDate="2000-03" collectingDateMax="2000-06-31" collectingDateMin="2000-03" collectionCode="ANIC" country="Malaysia" location="Rasainthiran Menayah" municipality="Kampung Kuantan" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="10" stateProvince="Selangor">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FDE4BA39FD64E828" bold="true" box="[540,690,1322,1347]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="14D103905E68C527FDE4BA39FD64E828" box="[540,690,1322,1347]" name="Malaysia" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AE028DE25E68C527FD3ABA39FCF1E829" box="[706,807,1322,1346]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Selangor</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="8C1DD97A5E68C527FCCDBA38FBD8E829" box="[821,1038,1323,1347]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Kampung Kuantan</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, bred from eggs
|
||
<date id="187865C05E68C527FB29BA39FA4AE829" box="[1233,1436,1322,1346]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" value="2000-03" valueMax="2000-06-31" valueMin="2000-03-00">
|
||
<collectingDate id="083C9C285E68C527FB29BA39FA4AE829" box="[1233,1436,1322,1346]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" value="2000-03" valueMax="2000-06-31" valueMin="2000-03-00">March–June 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
by
|
||
<location id="691915DB5E68C527FF42BA5DFE6FE80D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E46FF2165E68C526FF6FBCE4FC06ED9C:691915DB5E68C527FF42BA5DFE6FE80D" box="[186,441,1358,1382]" country="Malaysia" municipality="Kampung Kuantan" name="Rasainthiran Menayah" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" stateProvince="Selangor">Rasainthiran Menayah</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="7AC088895E68C527FE3CBA5DFDE8E80D" box="[452,574,1358,1382]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="female">10 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0AD7DBC55E68C527FDB5BA5DFD4EE80D" box="[589,664,1358,1382]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">ANIC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24DC108B5E68C527FF3FBA61FDA0EB09" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C7943005E68C527FF3FBA61FAA2EB71" blockId="106.[151,1436,1250,2033]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF3FBA61FEECE8E0" bold="true" box="[199,314,1394,1419]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Belonging to a group of four species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FCF3BA60FCA1E8E1" box="[779,887,1395,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FCF3BA60FCA1E8E1" box="[779,887,1395,1418]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Pteroptyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FC86BA60FC6BE8E0" bold="true" box="[894,957,1395,1419]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="458122695E68C527FC86BA60FC6BE8E0" box="[894,957,1395,1419]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in which T8 has elongate lobes beside the median posterior emargination (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F4FD5F855E68C527FDF1BA85FD7AE8C5" box="[521,684,1430,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–220" captionStartId="105.[151,263,1858,1881]" captionTargetBox="[223,1344,183,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-117@105.[223,1345,183,1833]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 208–220. Pteroptyx tener male. 208–211 type (MNHN); 212–213, 220 Sarawak Limbang (ANIC); 214–219 Kota Tinggi (ANIC). 208, 210 dorsal; 209 labels; 211 ventral; 212, 213 abdomen, ventral (212) and dorsal; 214–216 tergite 8 cleared in cold KOH, ventral (214), dorsal (215) and from behind with ventral surface uppermost; 217–219 aedeagus dorsal (217), left lateral (218), and ventral; 220 tarsus leg 1 showing excavated basitarsus 1. Figure legends: A distance from base of LL to apex of ML measured along dorsal surface; B distance from base of LL to apex of LL measured dorsally. These figures share scale lines: 214–216; 217–219." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5265420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5265420/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Figs 208–220</figureCitation>
|
||
); distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FC5DBA84FBF1E8C5" authorityName="Ballantyne" authorityYear="2001" box="[933,1063,1431,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asymmetria">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FC5DBA84FBF1E8C5" box="[933,1063,1431,1454]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">asymmetria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the symmetrical T8 (that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FF6FBAA8FECCE8B9" authorityName="Ballantyne" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,282,1467,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asymmetria">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF6FBAA8FECCE8B9" box="[151,282,1467,1490]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">asymmetria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is asymmetrical), from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FDDCBAA8FDBBE8B8" box="[548,621,1467,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bearni">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FDDCBAA8FDBBE8B8" box="[548,621,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">bearni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FD5BBAA8FD2EE8B8" box="[675,760,1467,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FD5BBAA8FD2EE8B8" box="[675,760,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">decolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the deep emargination of T7 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F4FD5F855E68C527FB93BAA9FADEE8B9" box="[1131,1288,1466,1490]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–220" captionStartId="105.[151,263,1858,1881]" captionTargetBox="[223,1344,183,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-117@105.[223,1345,183,1833]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 208–220. Pteroptyx tener male. 208–211 type (MNHN); 212–213, 220 Sarawak Limbang (ANIC); 214–219 Kota Tinggi (ANIC). 208, 210 dorsal; 209 labels; 211 ventral; 212, 213 abdomen, ventral (212) and dorsal; 214–216 tergite 8 cleared in cold KOH, ventral (214), dorsal (215) and from behind with ventral surface uppermost; 217–219 aedeagus dorsal (217), left lateral (218), and ventral; 220 tarsus leg 1 showing excavated basitarsus 1. Figure legends: A distance from base of LL to apex of ML measured along dorsal surface; B distance from base of LL to apex of LL measured dorsally. These figures share scale lines: 214–216; 217–219." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5265420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5265420/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Figs 212–215</figureCitation>
|
||
; that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FA9ABAA8FA4AE8B9" box="[1378,1436,1467,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tener">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FA9ABAA8FA4AE8B9" box="[1378,1436,1467,1490]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">tener</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slightly emarginate and the posterior margin of T7 sinuate; superficially similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FBA6BACCFB06E89D" box="[1118,1232,1502,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FBA6BACCFB06E89D" box="[1118,1232,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. decolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is not well characterised in collections, differing in the dorsal colour pattern (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E68C527FC84B910FC3BEB70" box="[892,1005,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FC84B910FC3BEB70" box="[892,1005,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">P. decolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is entirely pale coloured dorsally).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C7943005E68C527FF3FB934FDA0EB09" blockId="106.[151,1436,1250,2033]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF3FB934FEC8EB54" bold="true" box="[199,286,1575,1599]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F4FD5F855E68C527FED7B935FE04EB55" box="[303,466,1574,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 200–207" captionStartId="104.[151,263,1859,1882]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-126@104.[151,1436,337,1838]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURES 200–207. Pteroptyx spp. Females. 200–201, 204, 205 Pteroptyx bearni female Kalabakan river (ANIC). 202, 203, 206, 207 Pteroptyx tener bred female (ANIC). 200–203 bursa (200, 202, 203 lateral; 201 ventral); 204, 206 abdomen ventral; 205, 207 whole body ventral. Figure legends: 1 median oviduct plate; 2 posterior bursa plate; 3 anterior bursa plate; 4 spermatophore digesting gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5265418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5265418/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Figs 206, 207</figureCitation>
|
||
). As described and figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FCD7B935FB4FEB55" author="Ballantyne, L. & Menayah, R." box="[815,1177,1574,1598]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="323 - 328" refId="ref122856" refString="Ballantyne, L. A & Menayah, R. (2000) Redescription of the Synchronous Firefly, Pteroptyx tener Olivier (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), of Kampung Kuantan, Selangor. Malayan Nature Journal, 54 - 4, 323 - 328." type="journal article" year="2000">Ballantyne and Menayah (2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="F4FD5F855E68C527FB5FB935FB2EEB55" box="[1191,1272,1574,1598]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1985,2008]" captionTargetBox="[471,1116,968,1961]" captionTargetId="figure-250@6.[471,1116,968,1961]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aquatica leii (Fu et Ballantyne) male. Taken at 10.33 am 12.vii.2011 in Wuhan by X. H. Fu." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5265344" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5265344/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Fig. 1e</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bursa: (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F4FD5F855E68C527FA92B935FF2CEB09" captionStart="FIGURES 200–207" captionStartId="104.[151,263,1859,1882]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-126@104.[151,1436,337,1838]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURES 200–207. Pteroptyx spp. Females. 200–201, 204, 205 Pteroptyx bearni female Kalabakan river (ANIC). 202, 203, 206, 207 Pteroptyx tener bred female (ANIC). 200–203 bursa (200, 202, 203 lateral; 201 ventral); 204, 206 abdomen ventral; 205, 207 whole body ventral. Figure legends: 1 median oviduct plate; 2 posterior bursa plate; 3 anterior bursa plate; 4 spermatophore digesting gland." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5265418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5265418/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Figs 202, 203</figureCitation>
|
||
) median oviduct plate small oval.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="24DC108B5E68C526FF3FB97CFC06ED9C" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C7943005E68C527FF3FB97CFEC9EB99" blockId="106.[151,1436,1250,2033]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FF3FB97CFEEDEBEC" bold="true" box="[199,315,1647,1671]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FEBBB97DFD4AEBED" author="Ballantyne, L. A. & McLean, M. R." box="[323,668,1646,1670]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="223 - 305" refId="ref122809" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & McLean, M. R. (1970) Revisional studies on the firefly genus Pteroptyx Olivier (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae: Luciolini). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 96, 223 - 305." type="journal article" year="1970">Ballantyne and McLean (1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
Plate 1 c, d) figured the specimen depicted here but apparently did not recognise it as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="B37DFDA25E68C527FE7DB980FE6EEBC0" box="[389,440,1683,1707]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. The species characterisations given in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FC86B981FB32EBC1" author="Ballantyne, L. A. & McLean, M. R." box="[894,1252,1682,1706]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="223 - 305" refId="ref122809" refString="Ballantyne, L. A. & McLean, M. R. (1970) Revisional studies on the firefly genus Pteroptyx Olivier (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae: Luciolini). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 96, 223 - 305." type="journal article" year="1970">Ballantyne and McLean (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FB09B981FE85EBA5" author="Ballantyne, L. & Menayah, R." pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="323 - 328" refId="ref122856" refString="Ballantyne, L. A & Menayah, R. (2000) Redescription of the Synchronous Firefly, Pteroptyx tener Olivier (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), of Kampung Kuantan, Selangor. Malayan Nature Journal, 54 - 4, 323 - 328." type="journal article" year="2000">Ballantyne and Menayah (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Ballantyne (2001), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FD9EB9A5FCA7EBA5" author="Ballantyne, L. & Fu, X. H. & Shih, C. H. & Cheng C. Y. & Yiu, V." box="[614,881,1718,1742]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="8 - 34" refId="ref122534" refString="Ballantyne, L., Fu, X. H., Shih, C. H., Cheng C. Y. & Yiu, V. (2011) Pteroptyx maipo Ballantyne, a new species of bent-winged firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) from Hong Kong, and its relevance to firefly biology and conservation. Z ootaxa, 2931, 8 - 34." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Ballantyne
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E68C527FD1EB9A4FCC9EBA5" box="[742,799,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as well as
|
||
<figureCitation id="F4FD5F855E68C527FC08B9A5FB7BEBA5" box="[1008,1197,1718,1742]" captionStart="FIGURES 208–220" captionStartId="105.[151,263,1858,1881]" captionTargetBox="[223,1344,183,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-117@105.[223,1345,183,1833]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 208–220. Pteroptyx tener male. 208–211 type (MNHN); 212–213, 220 Sarawak Limbang (ANIC); 214–219 Kota Tinggi (ANIC). 208, 210 dorsal; 209 labels; 211 ventral; 212, 213 abdomen, ventral (212) and dorsal; 214–216 tergite 8 cleared in cold KOH, ventral (214), dorsal (215) and from behind with ventral surface uppermost; 217–219 aedeagus dorsal (217), left lateral (218), and ventral; 220 tarsus leg 1 showing excavated basitarsus 1. Figure legends: A distance from base of LL to apex of ML measured along dorsal surface; B distance from base of LL to apex of LL measured dorsally. These figures share scale lines: 214–216; 217–219." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5265420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5265420/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Figures 208–220</figureCitation>
|
||
here, amply describe this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C7943005E68C526FF3FB9EDFC06ED9C" blockId="106.[151,1436,1250,2033]" lastBlockId="107.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E68C527FF3FB9EDFE37EA7D" author="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H." box="[199,481,1790,1814]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref128428" refString="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H. (2004) External morphology and ecological study of the firefly Pteroptyx tener at Kampong Kuantan, Selangor, Malaysia. Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum, 51, 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="2004">Ohba and Wong’s (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterisation of this species is confusing. They describe the antenna with “13 thin flagellums” (the antennae are composed of scape, pedicel and 9 flagellar segments); the male light organs as occurring on the 4
|
||
<superScript id="9BB3EE485E68C527FE9EB855FEA4EA3F" attach="left" box="[358,370,1862,1876]" fontSize="6" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">th</superScript>
|
||
5
|
||
<superScript id="9BB3EE485E68C527FE71B855FE43EA3F" attach="left" box="[393,405,1862,1876]" fontSize="6" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">th</superScript>
|
||
and 6
|
||
<superScript id="9BB3EE485E68C527FE23B855FE31EA3F" attach="left" box="[475,487,1862,1876]" fontSize="6" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">th</superScript>
|
||
abdominal segments (they occur on V6 and 7 only); the female legs as the same as the males (only the male has the MFC). There is a suggestion of a possible copulation clamp e.g. (page 17) “male inserted its apex of elytra that is bent inside (LB = deflexed portion) under the female elytra and lifted the abdominal segment of the female with the hook of the elytra” (LB—the deflexed elytral apices press down on the top of the female abdomen; it is the MPP of V7 that presses upwards); (page 18) “The hook of the elytra of the male has the function to clamp securely onto the female abdominal segments when copulating with the female” (LB—the deflexed elytra apex is only part of the copulation clamp).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08573EF15E69C526FC5BBFAFFB7BEDBF" author="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H." box="[931,1197,188,212]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref128474" refString="Ohba, N. & Wong, C. H. (2012). Observations on the external morphology, habitat and behaviour of Pteroptyx tener and Pteroptyx bearni in Malaysia. Lampyrid, in press." type="book" year="2012">Ohba and Wong (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
incorrectly indicated that the morphology of this species and that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC638835E69C526FD5DBFF2FCDCED93" box="[677,778,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Pteroptyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bearni">
|
||
<emphasis id="5EB29F125E69C526FD5DBFF2FCDCED93" box="[677,778,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">P. bearni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was very similar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |