147 lines
16 KiB
XML
147 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="2B2B1F584E8F5C5DAF68D1977144EC1F" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4208.6.7" ID-CLB-Dataset="37379" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.215123" ID-GBIF-Dataset="753e08e6-ffb9-4636-88df-4094f331c849" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="215123" ID-ZooBank="65C3E675-5960-4A87-BB8F-94E1B5623EEA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1482307992896" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mound, Laurence, Goldarazena, Arturo, Lopez-Guillen, Guillermo & Hance, Thierry" docDate="2016" docId="039787D28C54FB0133A89FA2BE6CFE6A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4208.6.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4208 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Jatropha curcas" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="594" masterDocId="FFAEFFAA8C54FB00333F9940BC1BFFAE" masterDocTitle="Replacement names for two homonyms of Liothrips brevitubus Karny: one from California, the other for a species damaging Jatropha crops in Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="599" masterPageNumber="594" pageNumber="594" updateTime="1698435292986" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8CAC044EAEA74BBF84CCF5F69BF01B49">Replacement names for two homonyms of Liothrips brevitubus Karny: one from California, the other for a species damaging Jatropha crops in Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BD258A5921E2D4D1411D927EB63C9C49" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3E291B8A5840BA29FA20D4D8569A3CFB">Mound, Laurence</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="208633497020F22B2BCF1AE7593270D6">Goldarazena, Arturo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="492C8228B874B20E40547A7969055236" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E4BA960D92695D50D0D5DB9E968232C5">Lopez-Guillen, Guillermo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="845F0E1BF20CDF38FB208FE53D8A5C87">Hance, Thierry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1F9FD183D50709B3A2A078BC77E74164">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F8C4435EEB164119BC3C96C60918BA0D">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BC2D3B2D59A865DA215D9EE4012C2EEE">4208</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039787D28C54FB0133A89FA2BE6CFE6A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6080197" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125415331" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6080197" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787D28C54FB0133A89FA2BE6CFE6A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787D28C54FB0133A89FA2BE6CFE6A" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="594" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">
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<subSubSection id="C324654F8C54FB0033A89FA2BE21F955" box="[151,570,1761,1788]" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8136C48C54FB0033A89FA2BE21F955" blockId="0.[151,1436,1761,2027]" box="[151,570,1761,1788]" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">
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<heading id="D0C981A88C54FB0033A89FA2BE21F955" bold="true" box="[151,570,1761,1788]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0033A89FA2BE21F955" bold="true" box="[151,570,1761,1788]" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">
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Thrips damaging
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB0032499FA1BE21F955" ID-CoL="3QN84" box="[374,570,1761,1787]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Jatropha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curcas">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0032499FA1BE21F955" bold="true" box="[374,570,1761,1787]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Jatropha curcas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8136C48C54FB0133A89E43BE6CFE6A" blockId="0.[151,1436,1761,2027]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1436,151,452]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="595" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB0033A89E43BD59F8B5" ID-CoL="3QN84" box="[151,322,1795,1819]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Jatropha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curcas">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0033A89E43BD59F8B5" box="[151,322,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Jatropha curcas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a perennial flowering plant that is cultivated primarily for its high oil content seeds. These are used in cosmetics and medicine, and are also important as a source of “biodiesel”. Cultivation of the crop is increasingly encouraged in Latin America, Africa and Asia. For further development of such crops, studies are needed on suitable agronomic practices and on the importance of pests. Currently, the only thrips reported as damaging this crop are leaffeeding members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB00328B9ECFBE98F808" ID-CoL="K3C" box="[436,643,1935,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Panchaetothripinae">Panchaetothripinae</taxonomicName>
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, including
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB0030399ECEB83BF808" ID-CoL="6YDRQ" box="[774,1056,1934,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Selenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubrocinctus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0030399ECEB83BF808" box="[774,1056,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Selenothrips rubrocinctus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F32976548C54FB0037709ECFB88BF808" box="[1103,1168,1935,1958]" name="Brazil" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B358C54FB00379B9ECFB98BF808" author="Resende" box="[1188,1424,1934,1958]" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" refString="Resende, J. C. F., Goncalves, N. P., Dias, M. S. C., Albuquerque, C. J. B. & Morais, D. L. B. (2012) Phytosanitary aspects of Jatropha farmingin Brazil. In: Carels, N., Sujatha, M. & Bahadur, B. (Eds.), Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop. Springer, New York, pp. 219 - 237." type="book chapter" year="2012">
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Resende
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0036319ECFB958F808" box="[1294,1347,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">et al</emphasis>
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. 2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB0033A89EF1BD7BF867" ID-CoL="6X3X5" box="[151,352,1969,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Retithrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriacus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0033A89EF1BD7BF867" box="[151,352,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Retithrips syriacus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F32976548C54FB0032BD9EF2BDA2F867" box="[386,441,1970,1993]" name="India" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">India</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B358C54FB0032F99EF2BEF2F867" author="Anitha" box="[454,745,1970,1993]" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" refString="Anitha, K. & Varaprasad, K. S. (2012) Jatropha pests and diseases: an overview. In: Carels, N., Sujatha, M. & Bahadur, B. (Eds.), Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop. Springer, New York, pp. 175 - 218." type="book chapter" year="2012">Anitha & Vareprasad 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB0030169EF1B841F867" ID-CoL="3KC7Y" box="[809,1114,1969,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Heliothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haemorrhoidalis">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0030169EF1B841F867" box="[809,1114,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB0037589EF1B98EF867" ID-CoL="4SBBS" box="[1127,1429,1969,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Rhipiphorothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruentatus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0037589EF1B98EF867" box="[1127,1429,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB0033A89E93BDB7F845" ID-CoL="6YDRQ" box="[151,428,2003,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Selenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubrocinctus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0033A89E93BDB7F845" box="[151,428,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Selenothrips rubrocinctus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C54FB0032DB9E93BEB8F845" ID-CoL="5CW3M" box="[484,675,2003,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Zaniothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricini">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C54FB0032DB9E93BEB8F845" box="[484,675,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Zaniothrips ricini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="F32976548C54FB0031F79E94BF2BF845" box="[712,816,2004,2027]" name="Indonesia" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B358C54FB0030009E94B854F845" author="Asbani" box="[831,1103,2004,2027]" pageId="0" pageNumber="594" refString="Asbani, N. & Sartiami, D. (2011) Physic Nut thrips diversity. Agrivita, 33, 257 - 264." type="journal article" year="2011">Asbani & Sartiami 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). In contrast, in
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<collectingRegion id="49FAF8268C54FB00363D9E94B943F845" box="[1282,1368,2004,2027]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="0" pageNumber="594">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
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State,
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<collectingCountry id="F32976548C55FB0133A899D8BCF2FF01" box="[151,233,152,175]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="595">
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<collectingRegion id="49FAF8268C55FB0133A899D8BCF2FF01" box="[151,233,152,175]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="595">Mexico</collectingRegion>
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</collectingCountry>
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during 2015, the leaves of a
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C55FB01310499D7BE81FF01" ID-CoL="8VYKR" box="[571,666,151,175]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Jatropha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="595" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C55FB01310499D7BE81FF01" box="[571,666,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="595">Jatropha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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crop growing in a 5 hectare experimental orchard were found to be seriously distorted (
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<figureCitation id="13052A418C55FB01324499FABDFFFF7F" box="[379,484,186,209]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 5" captionStartId="1.[151,258,1985,2007]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,496,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[176,1412,496,1955]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 5. Jatropha curcas damaged by Liothrips jatrophae. 1. Whole plant. 2. Terminal rosettes. 3. Distorted leaves. 4. Stunted plant apex. 5. Fruits." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215124/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="595">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
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). These malformations were induced by large populations of the blackish-brown
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C55FB0133A8999DBD25FF5A" ID-CoL="625XG" box="[151,318,221,244]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phlaeothripidae</taxonomicName>
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species that is discussed further below. The plants were pruned late in November, and the first leaves appeared early in December soon after the rains ceased, and were quickly infested by the thrips. Malformations were induced on the young leaves, but infested terminal buds developed multiple branches into “witches broom” structures. Preliminary results suggest that the large infestation reduced the numbers of fruits produced by the crop, but further studies are needed to determine the economic losses to this thrips. Later in the season, pirate bugs (
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C55FB0136139828B972FED1" ID-CoL="63HHZ" box="[1324,1385,360,383]" class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" genus="Orius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C55FB0136139828B972FED1" box="[1324,1385,360,383]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="595">Orius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C55FB0133A898CABD31FE0F" ID-CoL="6H5" box="[151,298,394,417]" class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Anthocoridae</taxonomicName>
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) were found feeding on the thrips, and also observed were several adults of a
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C55FB0137F898C9B959FE0F" ID-CoL="5DG2" box="[1223,1346,393,417]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Leptothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94AEAD68C55FB0137F898C9B959FE0F" box="[1223,1346,393,417]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="595">Leptothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species (
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<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D478C55FB0133A198EDBD52FE6A" ID-CoL="625XG" box="[158,329,429,452]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phlaeothripidae</taxonomicName>
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) that may also be predatory.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |