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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.825.29029" ID-GBIF-Dataset="86759ec1-26b0-45ad-b035-de0711fb9e92" ID-PMC="PMC6389647" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-825-43" ID-PubMed="30814904" ID-ZBK="D9FC8D055A1F4244BBC5A8074CA89B63" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-825-43" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 825" ModsDocTitle="New data of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Cyprus. 1. Dysderidae found in caves" checkinTime="1551186931512" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Guecel, Salih, Charalambidou, Iris, Goecmen, Bayram &amp; nt, Kadir Bogac K" docDate="2019" docId="B2F21E247B67CBF5BBE5DCB5D07739B6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 825: 43-53" docOrigin="ZooKeys 825" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.825.29029" docTitle="Harpactea kalavachiana Guecel, Charalambidou, Goecmen &amp; nt, 2019, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="45D4FDDE-3953-425D-97F8-F701CACF0957" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFDFFFC0FFB7FF90FFDAFFC61A63EA0C" masterDocTitle="New data of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Cyprus. 1. Dysderidae found in caves" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668166943814" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New data of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Cyprus. 1. Dysderidae found in caves</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Guecel, Salih</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Charalambidou, Iris</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Goecmen, Bayram</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>nt, Kadir Bogac K</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>825</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>43</mods:start>
<mods:end>53</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.825.29029</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.825.29029</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-825-43</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D9FC8D055A1F4244BBC5A8074CA89B63</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D9FC8D055A1F4244BBC5A8074CA89B63</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154127364" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:45D4FDDE-3953-425D-97F8-F701CACF0957" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2F21E247B67CBF5BBE5DCB5D07739B6" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/45D4FDDE-3953-425D-97F8-F701CACF0957" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea kalavachiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">Harpactea kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="43">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 9-11, 13, 14
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Holotype ♀ (NMNU); CYPRUS
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lefkoşa">Lefkosa</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kalavaç">Kalavac</normalizedToken>
Village, Saray (Palace) Cave (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="35.282223">35°16'56&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="33.53583">33°32'09&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
), hand collecting, 521 m, 14.VII.2017, leg. K.B. Kunt.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Comparative material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea alanyana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alanyana">Harpactea alanyana</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Özkütük">Oezkuetuek</normalizedToken>
, Elverici, Marusik &amp; Kunt, 2015: TURKEY 1♀ (ETAM) Antalya, Alanya,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Taşatan">Tasatan</normalizedToken>
Plateau (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.64371">36°38'37.35&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="32.078358">32°4'42.09&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
), 24.IV.2011, leg. R.S.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Özkütük">Oezkuetuek</normalizedToken>
(Figs 12, 15).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea parthica" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parthica">Harpactea parthica</taxonomicName>
Brignoli, 1980: IRAN 1♀ (ZMUT), Mazandaran, 16.IX.1971, leg. P.T. Lehtinen &amp; K.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kavén">Kaven</normalizedToken>
(Fig. 16).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Derivatio nominis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">The specific name refers to the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
The general appearance of the broad posterior diverticulum, short transverse bar, and basal transverse part of the the anterior spermathecae of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. kalavachiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">H. kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
sp. n. are similar to those of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. alanyana" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="alanyana">H. alanyana</taxonomicName>
(Turkey) (Fig. 15),
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. parthica" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="parthica">H. parthica</taxonomicName>
(Iran) (Fig. 16), and
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. digiovannii" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="digiovannii">H. digiovannii</taxonomicName>
Gasparo, 2014 (Cyclades, Greece). However, the distal expansion of the spermathecae in
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. kalavachiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">H. kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
is 4‒5 times broader than the aforementioned species.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea kalavachiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">Harpactea kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
sp. n. differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. gunselorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="gunselorum">H. gunselorum</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gücel">Guecel</normalizedToken>
, Fuller,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Göçmen">Goecmen</normalizedToken>
&amp; Kunt, 2018 from Cyprus by the enlarged distal expansion of the spermatheca which is more than twice as wide as that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. gunselorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="gunselorum">H. gunselorum</taxonomicName>
, and from
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. cecconi" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="cecconi">H. cecconi</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kulczyński">Kulczynski</normalizedToken>
, 1908) by its body length, which is larger (female of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. cecconi" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="cecconi">H. cecconi</taxonomicName>
: 5.15 mm).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Measurements of holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">TL 3.00; AL 1.70; CL 1.30; CWmax 1.00; CWmin 0.48; AMEd 0.03; PLEd 0.02; PMEd 0.02; ChF 0.31; ChG 0.15; ChL 0.78. Leg measurements as shown in Table 3.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Table 3. Leg measurements of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea kalavachiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">Harpactea kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Leg</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
C+
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EN6AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Tr</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU6AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Fe</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E36AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Pa</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFAAG" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Ti</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENAAG" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Mt</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVAAG" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Ta</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Total</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">I</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">II</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">III</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">IV</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Female. Carapace light brown. Cephalic region narrower and lighter compared to the thoracic region. Carapace with short blackish setae, fovea distinct. Eyes reduced (Figs 10-12).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Chelicerae and cheliceral fangs light brown. Chelicerae with scattered setae of varying lengths on the anterior surface (Figs 9-11). Labium, gnathocoxae, and sternum milky brown. Sternum with more hairs on the edges compared to the middle. Legs greyish. Coxae, trochanters, and especially the femora of legs I and II are darker than others (Fig. 9). Leg spination shown in Table 4.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Figures 9-12.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea kalavachiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">Harpactea kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
sp. n. 9 Habitus of holotype female 10 Carapace, dorsal view 11 Carapace, anterior view 12 Anterior view of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. alanyana" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="alanyana">H. alanyana</taxonomicName>
, female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Table 4. Leg spination of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea kalavachiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">Harpactea kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">♀</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">C</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUHAG" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Fe</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3HAG" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Pa</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEIAG" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Ti</abbrev>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMIAG" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Mt</abbrev>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">I</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">II</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">III</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">IV</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Legs III and IV with weakly developed scopulae on distal parts of tarsi and metatarsi. Abdomen cylindirical, grey-brownish (Fig. 9). Abdomen covered with short, greyish setae, anterior setae longer than the ventral and dorsal ones. Margins of the tracheal spiracles are slightly sclerotized.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Vulva. Anterior part of vulva sclerotized. Distal crest (Dc) spinose. Distal crest (Dc) and the length of the rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca (Rsas) subequal in length. The width of the distal expansion of the spermatheca (Des) about twice longer than rod-shaped part of the anterior spermatheca (Rsas). Transverse bar (Tb) short and straight. Posterior diverticulum (Pd) well developed (Figs 13, 14).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Male unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Known from the type locality only.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Harpactea</taxonomicName>
is the second largest genus of the
<taxonomicName family="Dysderidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="family">Dysderidae</taxonomicName>
with 181 named species. Most
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Harpactea</taxonomicName>
species have six well-developed eyes, although several cave-dwelling species exhibit different levels of eye reduction.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea sanctidomini" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanctidomini">Harpactea sanctidomini</taxonomicName>
Gasparo, 1997 (Tremiti Islands, Italy) has only four eyes, with the PME entirely reduced.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea persephone" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persephone">Harpactea persephone</taxonomicName>
Gasparo, 2011 (Kournas Cave, Chania Prefecture, Crete, Greece),
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. karaschkhan" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="karaschkhan">H. karaschkhan</taxonomicName>
Kunt et al., 2016 (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yalandünya">Yalanduenya</normalizedToken>
Cave,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gazipaşa">Gazipasa</normalizedToken>
, Antalya, Turkey),
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. stalitoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="stalitoides">H. stalitoides</taxonomicName>
Ribera, 1993 (Iberian Peninsula), and
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. strinatii" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="strinatii">H. strinatii</taxonomicName>
Brignoli, 1979 (Diros Caves, Peloponnese, Greece) are eyeless.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
The eyes of
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. kalavachiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">H. kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
sp. n. are reduced, and the AME are distant from each other, much more than average (Fig. 11). Epigean species of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Harpactea</taxonomicName>
are usually reddish, however,
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. kalavachiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">H. kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
is paler compared to the other epigean species of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Harpactea</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 12).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea kalavachiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">Harpactea kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
sp. n. can be considered part of the rubicunda (D) species group according to the grouping by
<bibRefCitation author="Deeleman-Reinhold, CL" journalOrPublisher="Revue Arachnologique" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="105 - 135" title="The genus Rhode and the harpacteine genera Stalagtia, Folkia, Minotauria, and Kaemis (Araneae, Dysderidae) of Yugoslavia and Crete, with remarks on the genus Harpactea." volume="10" year="1993">Deeleman-Reinhold (1993)</bibRefCitation>
due to the large, membranous posterior diverticulum and the spination of the coxae and patellae.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Figures 13-16.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactea kalavachiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalavachiana">Harpactea kalavachiana</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Vulva 13 ventral view 14 dorsal view
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. alanyana" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="alanyana">H. alanyana</taxonomicName>
Vulva 15 dorsal view
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. parthica" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="parthica">H. parthica</taxonomicName>
Vulva 16 ventral view. Abbreviations: Aba Anterior basal arc Btas Basal transverse part of the anterior spermatheca Dc Distal crest Des Distal expansion of the spermatheca Pd Posterior diverticulum Rsas Rod shaped part of the anterior spermatecha Tb Transverse bar. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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