191 lines
19 KiB
XML
191 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A01A8777FAFEAE251184FDFB" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Blarina peninsulae" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="446" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="445" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6869880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6869880" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A01A8777FAFEAE251184FDFB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A01A8777FAFEAE251184FDFB" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="446" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<heading pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<subSubSection box="[1395,1475,1378,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1390,2527,1378,1543]" box="[1395,1475,1378,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<figureCitation box="[1395,1475,1378,1424]" captionStart="Plate 18: Soricidae" captionStartId="48.[122,151,3054,3079]" captionTargetBox="[12,2744,15,3636]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="136. Elliot’s Short-tailed Shrew (Blarina hulophaga), 137. Northern Short-tailed Shrew (Blarina brevicaudus), 138. Southern Short-tailed Shrew (Blarina carolinensis), 139. Everglades Short-tailed Shrew (Blarina peninsulae), 140. Sherman’s Short-tailed Shrew (Blarina shermani), 141. Sichuan Short-tailed Shrew (Blarinella quadraticauda), 142. Burmese Short-tailed Shrew (Blarinella wardi), 143. Indochinese Short-tailed Shrew (Blarinella griselda), 144. Chinese Mole Shrew (Anourosorex squamaipes), 145. Taiwanese Mole Shrew (Anowrosorex yamashinai), 146. Assam Mole Shrew (Anowrosorex assamensis), 147. Giant Mole Shrew (Anourosorex schmid), 148. Desert Gray Shrew (Notiosorex crawfordi), 149. Cockrum’s Gray Shrew (Notiosorex cockrumi), 150. Large-eared Gray Shrew (Notiosorex evolis), 151. Villa’s Gray Shrew (Notiosorex villa), 152. Mexican Shrew (Megasorex gigas), 153. Taiwanese Brown-toothed (Shrew Epusoriculusfumidus), 154. Arboreal Brown-toothed Shrew (Episoriculus macrurus), 155. Bailey's Brown-toothed Shrew (Episoriculus baileyi), 156. Long-tailed Brown-toothed Shrew (Episoriculus leucops), 157. Hodgson’s Brown-toothed Shrew (Episoriculus caudatus), 158. Sichuan Brown-toothed Shrew (Episoriculus sacratus), 159. Hidden Brown-toothed Shrew (Episoriculus umbrinus), 160. Nepalese Brown-toothed Shrew (Episoriculus soluensis), 161. Himalayan Shrew (Soriculus nigrescens), 162. De Winton’s Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa hypsibia), 163. Pygmy Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa parva), 164. Smith’s Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa smithii), 165. Salenski’s Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa salenskii), 166. Dusky Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa furva), 167. Lesser Taiwanese Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa sodalis), 168. Van Sung’s Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa caovansunga), 169. Hoffmann’s Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa hoffmanni), 170. Lowe’s Brown-toothed Shrew (Chodsigoa parca), 171. Bornean Water Shrew (Chimarrogale phaeura), 172. Sumatran Water Shrew (Chimarrogale sumatrana), 173. Malayan Water Shrew (Chimarrogale hantu), 174. Chinese Water Shrew (Chimarrogale styani), 175. Himalayan Water Shrew (Chimarrogale himalayica), 176. Leander’s Water Shrew (Chimarrogale leander), 177. Japanese Water Shrew (Chimarrogale platycephala), 178. Elegant Water Shrew (Nectogale elegans), 179. Mediterranean Water Shrew (Neomys anomalus), 180. Transcaucasian Water (Shrew Neomysteres), 181. Eurasian Water Shrew (Neomys fodiens)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871913/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">139.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1491,2113,1378,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1390,2527,1378,1543]" box="[1491,2113,1378,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<vernacularName box="[1491,2113,1378,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Everglades Short-tailed Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2181,2526,1378,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1390,2527,1378,1543]" box="[2181,2526,1378,1424]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[2181,2526,1378,1424]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peninsulae">
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<emphasis box="[2181,2526,1378,1424]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Blarina peninsulae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1390,2527,1378,1543]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1392,1467,1442,1463]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1477,1699,1442,1463]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Musaraigne de Floride</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1720,1811,1442,1463]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1821,2169,1442,1463]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Everglades-Kurzschwanzspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2191,2282,1442,1463]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Musarana colicorta de Everglades</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1390,2527,1378,1543]" box="[1392,2217,1521,1542]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1392,1638,1521,1542]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1649,1907,1521,1542]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Florida Short-tailed Shrew</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[1921,2217,1521,1542]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Peninsular Short-tailed Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[2004,2599,1591,2013]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2004,2159,1591,1620]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="carolinensis" subSpecies="peninsulae">Blarina carolinensis peninsulae Merriam, 1895</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[2004,2599,1591,2013]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<materialsCitation country="United States of America" county="Dade" location="Miami River" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Florida">
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“
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A01A8777FAFEAE251184FDFB:B031AD99A01A8776F732AD191B32F982" box="[2239,2412,1630,1659]" country="United States of America" county="Dade" name="Miami River" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" stateProvince="Florida">Miami River</location>
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,
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<collectingCounty box="[2428,2500,1630,1659]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Dade</collectingCounty>
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County, Fla. [=
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<collectingRegion box="[2141,2247,1665,1698]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Florida</collectingRegion>
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],”
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<collectingCountry box="[2286,2351,1665,1698]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[2004,2599,1591,2013]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" box="[2006,2270,1704,1737]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peninsulae">Blarina peninsulae</taxonomicName>
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has generally been considered a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bachman" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[2408,2598,1744,1777]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinensis">B. carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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but was considered a distinct species by R. Hutterer in 2005 based on its distinct karyotype and morphology and presence of a contact zone with
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bachman" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[2327,2513,1901,1934]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinensis">B. carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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. R. A. Benedict and colleagues in 2006 found relatively small morphometric differences
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1393,2601,2020,3471]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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between the two species and evidence of intergradation, prompting them to recognize
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" box="[1394,1573,2060,2093]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peninsulae">B. peninsulae</taxonomicName>
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as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bachman" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1854,2043,2060,2093]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinensis">B. carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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again. The same study also identified two possible hybrids between
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" box="[1816,1991,2099,2132]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peninsulae">B. peninsulae</taxonomicName>
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and B. sherman. S. V. Brant and G. Orti in 2002 included two specimens from the distribution of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" box="[2178,2354,2139,2172]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peninsulae">B. peninsulae</taxonomicName>
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that clustered in the eastern clade of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bachman" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1680,1865,2178,2211]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinensis">B. carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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, but their specific status was not mentioned.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peninsulae">Blarina peninsulae</taxonomicName>
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is recognized here as a distinct species based on its distinct karyotype until genetic studies are more extensively implemented to confirm its specific or subspecific status. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871170" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871170" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871170/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" targetBox="[1390,1980,1598,2013]" targetPageId="50">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1393,2601,2020,3471]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1394,1570,2335,2368]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Distribution.</emphasis>
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NE, C & S Florida except the C Everglades region (SE USA); possibly extreme SE Georgia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1393,2601,2020,3471]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1394,1643,2414,2447]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 66-76 mm, tail 18-26 mm, hindfoot 11-14 mm; weight 5-13 g. The Everglades Short-tailed Shrew is large, similar to the Southern Short-tailed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bachman" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1506,1695,2493,2526]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinensis">B. carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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) but averages slightly larger in size and cranial measurements than Southern Short-tailed Shrews from northern Florida. Pelage of the Everglades Short-tailed Shrew is short, soft, velvety, and mole-like. Dorsal pelage is slate grayish black, with silvery tinge; ventral pelage is slightly paler. There is a bare patch oflightly colored skin around diminutive eyes. Ears are very small and completely concealed by fur; vibrissae are long and white. Tail is less than 30% of head-body length, hairy, and similar in color to dorsal pelage, with small tuft at end. Feet are short and broad, with long claws, and are paler than rest of body. Hindfeet are darker than forefeet. Females have three pairs of inguinal mammae. Characteristic of the genus, the Everglades Short-tailed Shrew has five unicuspid teeth and significantly larger and angular skull than other shrews. All species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[1859,1957,2887,2920]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="50" pageNumber="445" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Blarina</taxonomicName>
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also have reddish teeth from iron deposits in their teeth. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 50-52 and FN = 52.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1393,2601,2020,3471]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1395,1507,2966,2999]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Variety of moist wetland habitats, including moist deciduous forests, grassy areas, swamplands, and floodplains.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1393,2601,2020,3471]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1396,1656,3049,3078]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Similar to the Northern Short-tailed Shrew (B. brevicaudus), the Everglades Short-tailed Shrew eats arthropods, mollusks, earthworms, and fungi but also caterpillars and turtle eggs. Its ability to kill and consume young mice of small species has also been confirmed, indicating that they might have venomous saliva similar to the Southern Short-tailed Shrew.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1393,2601,2020,3471]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1396,1531,3249,3274]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Breeding of the Everglades Short-tailed Shrew occurs in March—November, and litters have c.4 young.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1393,2601,2020,3471]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1395,1630,3320,3353]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Everglades Short-tailed Shrews are nocturnal and semi-fossorial, creating expansive burrow systems.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="445" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="50.[1393,2601,2020,3471]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1397,2101,3399,3432]" pageId="50" pageNumber="445">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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The Everglades Short-tailed Shrew is probably solitary, except when breeding and rearing young.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="446" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[167,1373,284,517]" pageId="51" pageNumber="446">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,513,284,317]" pageId="51" pageNumber="446">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Not assessed on The IUCN Red List. It previously was included under the Southern Short-tailed Shrew (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bachman" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[744,929,328,357]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Blarina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="51" pageNumber="446" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinensis">B. carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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) that is classified as Least Concern. The Everglades Short-tailed Shrew has a limited distribution but is considered very common and found in numerous nature reserves including Everglades National Park.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="446" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="51.[167,1373,284,517]" pageId="51" pageNumber="446">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,321,450,475]" pageId="51" pageNumber="446">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Benedict et al. (2006), Brant & Orti (2002), Genoways & Choate (1998), George et al. (1982), Hall (1981), Hutterer (2005b), Jones et al. (1984), McCay (2001), Punzo (2003a).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |