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<mods:title id="702B6B43B1E63F5C68E644C884F43457">Notes on the genera Buthacus Compsobuthus and Lanzatus with several synonymies and corrections of published characters (Scorpiones Buthidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="CD1987EBFF86FFD2FEFAFAA0FB75BD5E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5741281" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5741281" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD1987EBFF86FFD2FEFAFAA0FB75BD5E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD1987EBFF86FFD2FEFAFAA0FB75BD5E" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
<subSubSection id="0DAA6576FF86FFD2FEFAFAA0FD21BE53" box="[353,641,1360,1386]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="450F36FDFF86FFD2FEFAFAA0FD21BE53" blockId="11.[353,641,1360,1416]" box="[353,641,1360,1386]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="1E478191FF86FFD2FEFAFAA0FD21BE53" box="[353,641,1360,1386]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FEFAFAA0FD21BE53" ID-CoL="62XN3" authority="Kovarik, 2001" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" box="[353,641,1360,1386]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FEFAFAA0FE70BE53" bold="true" box="[353,464,1360,1386]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lanzatus</emphasis>
Kovařík, 2001
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0DAA6576FF86FFD2FE32FA81FD99BEB1" box="[425,569,1393,1416]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="450F36FDFF86FFD2FE32FA81FD99BEB1" blockId="11.[353,641,1360,1416]" box="[425,569,1393,1416]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
(
<figureCitation id="DD8B2A78FF86FFD2FE29FA81FD91BEB1" box="[434,561,1393,1416]" captionStart="Figures 2325" captionStartId="11.[192,278,1010,1033]" captionTargetBox="[227,765,199,973]" captionTargetId="figure-626@11.[216,779,192,980]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 2325: Dentition of pedipalp chela movable finger. Figure 23. Sabinebuthus elegans, male holotype, fig. 4 published in Lourenço, 2001: 19. Figure 2425. Lanzatus somalilandus, female paratype." pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Figs. 2325</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0DAA6576FF86FFD2FF5BFA5BFD78BEFB" box="[192,728,1451,1474]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="450F36FDFF86FFD2FF5BFA5BFD78BEFB" blockId="11.[192,728,1451,1474]" box="[192,728,1451,1474]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="9A0B885FFF86FFD2FF5BFA5BFF58BEFB" box="[192,248,1451,1474]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">TYPE</typeStatus>
SPECIES.
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FEC5FA5BFD74BEFB" authority="Kovarik, 2001" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" box="[350,724,1451,1474]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somalicus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FEC5FA5BFD90BEFB" box="[350,560,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lanzatus somalicus</emphasis>
Kovařík, 2001
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0DAA6576FF86FFD2FF5BFA16FC47BAAF" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="450F36FDFF86FFD2FF5BFA16FC47BAAF" blockId="11.[192,802,1510,1901]" lastBlockId="11.[830,1440,199,406]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
DIAGNOSIS. Total length
<quantity id="82489B18FF86FFD2FE6DFA16FD3EBEC4" box="[502,670,1510,1533]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.275" metricValueMax="2.76" metricValueMin="1.7899999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="22.75" valueMax="27.6" valueMin="17.9">17.927.6 mm</quantity>
. Pedipalps orthobothriotaxic
<typeStatus id="9A0B885FFF86FFD2FE1FF9F4FE12BD22" box="[388,434,1540,1563]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
A; dorsal trichobothria of femur arranged in
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FEDFF9D3FEF1BD03" box="[324,337,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">β</emphasis>
-configuration; trichobothrium
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FD3FF9D3FD11BD03" box="[676,689,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">d</emphasis>
<subScript id="D93434B8FF86FFD2FD2AF9DDFD1ABD05" attach="left" box="[689,698,1581,1596]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">2</subScript>
of femur internal to dorsointernal carina;
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FDB9F9B2FD8FBD60" box="[546,559,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">d</emphasis>
<subScript id="D93434B8FF86FFD2FDB4F9BCFD98BD62" attach="left" box="[559,568,1612,1627]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">3</subScript>
of patella internal to dorsomedian carina, when carina present;
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FD06F990FD0DBD4E" box="[669,685,1632,1655]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">V</emphasis>
<subScript id="D93434B8FF86FFD2FD35F99AFD17BD40" attach="left" box="[686,695,1642,1657]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">2</subScript>
on chela manus located behind
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FE23F98FFE68BDAF" box="[440,456,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">V</emphasis>
<subScript id="D93434B8FF86FFD2FE52F979FE72BDA1" attach="right" box="[457,466,1673,1688]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">1</subScript>
;
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FE79F98FFE51BDAF" box="[482,497,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">it</emphasis>
on distal fixed finger; pectines with fulcra; pectine teeth number 1824; basal middle lamella of pectines in females not dilated; sternum subtriangular; tibial spurs absent on legs IIV; cheliceral fixed finger with one ventral denticle, margins of fingers with standard pattern of buthid dentition; carapace without distinct carinae, in lateral view with entire dorsal surface horizontal, or nearly so; lateral eyes number 5 pairs; pedipalp chela movable finger with distinct granules divided into 7 diagonal rows; tergites I VI smooth to finely granulated with one indicated carina or acarinate; stigmata are narrow slits; metasomal segments all elongate, smooth, acarinate; telson elongate, smooth, without subaculear tubercle, aculeus shorter than vesicle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0DAA6576FF86FFD2FCA5FE32FB75BD5E" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="450F36FDFF86FFD2FCA5FE32FC5EB989" blockId="11.[830,1441,450,1639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
COMMENTS ABOUT SYNONYMY. Lourenço (2001d: 174) stated that
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FC2DFE11FA8BBAC1" authority="Kovarik, 2001" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" box="[950,1323,481,504]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somalicus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FC2DFE11FB28BAC1" box="[950,1160,481,504]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lanzatus somalicus</emphasis>
Kovařík, 2001
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FC57FDF0FAD3B92E" authority="Lourenco, 2001" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[972,1395,512,535]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Sabinebuthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FC57FDF0FB18B92E" box="[972,1208,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Sabinebuthus elegans</emphasis>
Lourenço, 2001
</taxonomicName>
. He provided no evidence whatsoever that
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FB7DFDEEFAF2B90C" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[1254,1362,542,565]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Sabinebuthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FB7DFDEEFAF2B90C" box="[1254,1362,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">S. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FA10FDEEFC09B96D" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somalicus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FA10FDEEFC09B96D" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">L. somalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the same species. The published descriptions of these two genera/ species include substantial differences indicating that they belong to separate genera (see
<figureCitation id="DD8B2A78FF86FFD2FCEBFD69FC4EB989" box="[880,1006,665,688]" captionStart="Figures 2325" captionStartId="11.[192,278,1010,1033]" captionTargetBox="[227,765,199,973]" captionTargetId="figure-626@11.[216,779,192,980]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 2325: Dentition of pedipalp chela movable finger. Figure 23. Sabinebuthus elegans, male holotype, fig. 4 published in Lourenço, 2001: 19. Figure 2425. Lanzatus somalilandus, female paratype." pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Figs. 2325</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="450F36FDFF86FFD2FCF5FD48FA21BF80" blockId="11.[830,1441,450,1639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
Kovařík, Lowe &amp; Šťáhlavský (2016a: 2) noticed that according to the ICZN, if only the month is given in a publication, then the last day of that month, not the first, is the recognized publication date. Consequently,
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FCA5FCC2FB91B870" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[830,1073,818,841]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Sabinebuthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FCA5FCC2FB91B870" box="[830,1073,818,841]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Sabinebuthus elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described on
<date id="310E103DFF86FFD2FA86FCC2FCD3B851" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" value="2001-03-31">31st March 2001</date>
, after
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FC26FCA1FB31B851" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" box="[957,1169,849,872]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somalicus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FC26FCA1FB31B851" box="[957,1169,849,872]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lanzatus somalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which was described on
<date id="310E103DFF86FFD2FCDAFC80FC58B8BE" box="[833,1016,880,903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" value="2001-03-30">30th March 2001</date>
.
<bibRefCitation id="21214B0CFF86FFD2FB92FC80FB1DB8BE" author="LOURENCO W. R." box="[1033,1213,880,903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="18 - 25" refId="ref7327" refString="LOURENCO W. R. 2016. A complement of information about the status of the genus Sabinebuthus Lourenco, 2001 (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Arachnida - Rivista Aracnologica Italiana, 10: 18 - 25." type="journal article" year="2016">Lourenço (2016)</bibRefCitation>
published a paper in which he confirmed that these two genera/species are synonyms and claimed that the paper with a description of
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FCF2FC3CFBC0B8DA" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[873,1120,972,995]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Sabinebuthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FCF2FC3CFBC0B8DA" box="[873,1120,972,995]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Sabinebuthus elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had priority of order in publication and was already accessible on
<date id="310E103DFF86FFD2FAB5FC1AFCD3BF19" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" value="2001-03-01">1st March 2001</date>
. In his 2016 paper, Lourenço launched personal attacks against the author (which are disregarded here), but he addressed neither the relevant taxonomic characters of the genera, nor inconsistencies between published figures of the movable finger dentitions of
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FCA5FB52FC3EBF80" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" box="[830,926,1186,1209]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FCA5FB52FC3EBF80" box="[830,926,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lanzatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DD8B2A78FF86FFD2FC35FB52FB8EBF80" box="[942,1070,1186,1209]" captionStart="Figures 2325" captionStartId="11.[192,278,1010,1033]" captionTargetBox="[227,765,199,973]" captionTargetId="figure-626@11.[216,779,192,980]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 2325: Dentition of pedipalp chela movable finger. Figure 23. Sabinebuthus elegans, male holotype, fig. 4 published in Lourenço, 2001: 19. Figure 2425. Lanzatus somalilandus, female paratype." pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Figs. 2425</figureCitation>
) versus
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FB1DFB52FAB6BF80" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[1158,1302,1186,1209]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Sabinebuthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FB1DFB52FAB6BF80" box="[1158,1302,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Sabinebuthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DD8B2A78FF86FFD2FABFFB52FAD2BF80" box="[1316,1394,1186,1209]" captionStart="Figures 2325" captionStartId="11.[192,278,1010,1033]" captionTargetBox="[227,765,199,973]" captionTargetId="figure-626@11.[216,779,192,980]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 2325: Dentition of pedipalp chela movable finger. Figure 23. Sabinebuthus elegans, male holotype, fig. 4 published in Lourenço, 2001: 19. Figure 2425. Lanzatus somalilandus, female paratype." pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="450F36FDFF86FFD2FCF4FB31FB75BD5E" blockId="11.[830,1441,450,1639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
The author believes that these two genera are in fact synonyms and that figure 4 (
<figureCitation id="DD8B2A78FF86FFD2FB3BFB10FB55BFCE" box="[1184,1269,1248,1271]" captionStart="Figures 2325" captionStartId="11.[192,278,1010,1033]" captionTargetBox="[227,765,199,973]" captionTargetId="figure-626@11.[216,779,192,980]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 2325: Dentition of pedipalp chela movable finger. Figure 23. Sabinebuthus elegans, male holotype, fig. 4 published in Lourenço, 2001: 19. Figure 2425. Lanzatus somalilandus, female paratype." pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
) published by Lourenço (2001c: 19) is probably incorrect, like the many other cases of erroneous figures of pedipalp finger dentition. The author contacted the journal in which the description of
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FC7FFAAAFB1CBE48" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" box="[996,1212,1370,1393]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somalicus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FC7FFAAAFB1CBE48" box="[996,1212,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lanzatus somalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was published, and was advised by the publisher that the paper was already in print and accessible by
<date id="310E103DFF86FFD2FBE3FA68FABFBE96" box="[1144,1311,1432,1455]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" value="2001-02">February 2001</date>
. So, if the description published by Lourenço (2001c) is incorrect and the description of
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FBB6FA25FA00BED5" authority="Kovarik, 2001" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" box="[1069,1440,1493,1516]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somalicus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FBB6FA25FB5FBED5" box="[1069,1279,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lanzatus somalicus</emphasis>
Kovařík, 2001
</taxonomicName>
was published earlier according to the official date of publication and true printing date, then
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FA8BF9E2FBE2BD71" authority="Lourenco, 2001" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Sabinebuthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FA8BF9E2FC30BD71" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Sabinebuthus elegans</emphasis>
Lourenço, 2001
</taxonomicName>
is necessarily a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="82B04D7EFF86FFD2FCC0F9A0FB6DBD5E" authority="Kovarik, 2001" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="2001" box="[859,1229,1616,1639]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lanzatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somalicus">
<emphasis id="77C4EAEFFF86FFD2FCC0F9A0FB8DBD5E" box="[859,1069,1616,1639]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lanzatus somalicus</emphasis>
Kovařík, 2001
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>