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<document id="6AE074484D83048B0FE434BC211F0C08" ID-CLB-Dataset="51390" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fc8162c7-1176-41ba-8f6c-ad907b0e7a4b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="265009" ID-ZooBank="1DE24EE2-B3B6-4967-801B-0CEA149F20DB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459494243713" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sikorski, Andrey &amp; Pavlova, Lyudmila" docDate="2016" docId="03FEDB4AFF9687620886FD09F9447BC2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4097.3.4.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4097 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Laonice galatheae Sikorski &amp; Pavlova, 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="356" masterDocId="FFC7A332FF9787660811FFAEFD337A12" masterDocTitle="Three new species of Laonice (Polychaete: Spionidae) from West and Southwest Africa" masterLastPageNumber="368" masterPageNumber="353" pageNumber="354" updateTime="1698202807621" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="666B4DAAB6B07F644C8B2A94B8F6A091" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="338346A552F33EE4C410FB00BD464C8A">
<mods:title id="AF581D85ED23E973CB505EBC9F585745">Three new species of Laonice (Polychaete: Spionidae) from West and Southwest Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="18F0BCDC11776CAE0B47E0D7D2F4742F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A2E38077BACBB5494D30628F3BA9653A">
<mods:roleTerm id="2593D87BBB8338563AE02639E383FCDF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F09DA96EED6E6600E5C99B151325B816">Sikorski, Andrey</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FBC31041775A4030FC6DB0421AB32EAB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E08941B3E24079B213334957F9E726CF">
<mods:roleTerm id="172C149A4B2DB4C54ADC8B2D9D4D2EC7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EAD366E5BA5EB229EC0D1BFD95863E1C">Pavlova, Lyudmila</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7A07F5668B2A841E44B11DD304F805AC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E1D56EC0DBB622ED31209EEDFF674484" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="633281FF2E8412DF405477A9BE44AD5B">
<mods:title id="EB7469AEC36825BE4F9911EDDBC2A718">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="EA0EFC89B069C452CF76624B3DEA78C5">
<mods:date id="C6CB9D0C6E999667A0D36F4A7A563FC8">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9D3E797F61F3D2509E821F81423A6556" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1B316E45DEBBF6FE74BAAB86D5DD2666">4097</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="812F848C520536125D2AFCCE95C527A9" type="issue">
<mods:number id="CD8C77A57E475D87B3B977078722FD45">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="9903BFF26AED4BF625470AC800DFEA80">353</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="67F44DCDEA37D398A803C916A940AEE5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="157347622D79AC9FEA558569DA8A6128" type="CLB-Dataset">51390</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2A4D8FD58DA0A4E3E85EBB44A61F8B80" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4097.3.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="643332E425B2F140110F2A108DCA17EC" type="GBIF-Dataset">fc8162c7-1176-41ba-8f6c-ad907b0e7a4b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2632528ACB23ECA562E5357270F9E6D1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="27FEAA1C305D90F7B3485EC943CF2CF6" type="Zenodo-Dep">265009</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FFF43CFD0F341F99BF17294C878DE29F" type="ZooBank">1DE24EE2-B3B6-4967-801B-0CEA149F20DB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03FEDB4AFF9687620886FD09F9447BC2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6073684" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119330828" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6073684" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FEDB4AFF9687620886FD09F9447BC2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FEDB4AFF9687620886FD09F9447BC2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="356" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<subSubSection id="C34D39D7FF9687670886FD09FC4978F1" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF9687670886FD09FCE978D0" blockId="1.[151,474,679,739]" box="[151,474,679,706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<heading id="D0A0DD30FF9687670886FD09FCE978D0" bold="true" box="[151,474,679,706]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9687670886FD09FCE978D0" bold="true" box="[151,474,679,706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9687670886FD09FC4678D3" ID-CoL="3S88S" box="[151,373,679,705]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9687670886FD09FC4678D3" bold="true" box="[151,373,679,705]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Laonice galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2100B35FF968767096DFD06FCE978D0" box="[380,474,680,706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF9687670886FD64FC4978F1" blockId="1.[151,474,679,739]" box="[151,378,714,739]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
(
<figureCitation id="136C76D9FF968767088FFD64FC3778F1" box="[158,260,714,739]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,531,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,519,1792]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Laonice galatheae sp. nov.: A – B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Parapodium, chaetiger 7 (arrows pointing to prechaetal notopodial lamellae); D. Parapodium, chaetiger 27 (arrows pointing to a narrow and elongated upper part of notopodial postchaetal lamella); E. Hooded hook in side view, chaetiger 29; F. Hooded hook in three-quarter view, chaetiger 33. Material: A, D – E. Holotype (ZMUC-POL- 643); B. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 639); C. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641), F. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641). Scales (mm): A, C, D— 1; B— 2; E, F— 0,03." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Figures 1</figureCitation>
A–F, 2, 5)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D39D7FF9687670886FCBDFFB3793A" box="[151,640,786,808]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF9687670886FCBDFFB3793A" blockId="1.[151,640,786,808]" box="[151,640,786,808]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB474D72FF9687670886FCBDFFB3793A" box="[151,640,786,808]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9687670886FCBDFC06793A" ID-CoL="3S88N" box="[151,309,787,808]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cirrata">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9687670886FCBDFC06793A" box="[151,309,787,808]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Laonice cirrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0AF64C4DFF968767095FFCBCFF2C793A" author="Kirkegaard" box="[334,543,786,808]" page="18" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC617ADFF968767095FFCBCFCCF793A" author="Kirkegaard" box="[334,508,786,808]" pageId="1" pageNumber="368" refString="Kirkegaard, J. B. (1959) The Polychaeta of West Africa. Part I. Sedentary species. Atlantide Report, 5, 7 - 117." type="journal article" year="1959">Kirkegaard 1959</bibRefCitation>
: 18
</treatmentCitation>
(partim).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D39D7FF9687670886FCFBF9B67E54" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF9687670886FCFBFC477980" blockId="1.[151,1437,853,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9687670886FCFBFE7A797C" bold="true" box="[151,841,853,878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<typeStatus id="54ECD4FEFF9687670886FCFBFC3B797C" box="[151,264,853,878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: &quot;Galathea&quot;—Exp., off
<collectingCountry id="F3402ACCFF9687670A3EFCFBFFB5797C" box="[559,646,853,878]" name="Angola" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Angola</collectingCountry>
, Loanda-Lobito
</emphasis>
, St. 116, 12°14.3ʼS, 13°27ʼE,
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9687670CB8FCF8F9C7797F" box="[1193,1268,854,878]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE94C9CFF9687670D13FCF8F8AF797C" box="[1282,1436,853,878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1950-12-20">20 Dec. 1950</date>
(ZMUC-POL-643).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF96876708D6FC33F9B67E54" blockId="1.[151,1437,853,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF96876708D6FC33FE1D79A4" bold="true" box="[199,814,925,950]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<typeStatus id="54ECD4FEFF96876708D6FC33FC7079A4" box="[199,323,925,950]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: R/V &quot;Atlantide&quot;—Exp., Off
<collectingCountry id="F3402ACCFF9687670AB6FC33FE1D79A4" box="[679,814,925,950]" name="Ghana" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Gold Coast</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, St. 75, 04°44ʼN, 01°36ʼW,
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9687670C7FFC33F99A79A7" box="[1134,1193,925,950]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="m" value="46.0">46 m</quantity>
, muddy sand,
<date id="FFE94C9CFF9687670D5DFC30FDFC79C8" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1946-01-23">23 Jan. 1946</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D51A1D5FF96876708CFFC6CFC5F79C8" box="[222,364,961,986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
, ZMUC-POL-639);
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9687670A43FC6FF9EF79C8" bold="true" box="[594,1244,961,986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
R/V &quot;Galathea&quot;—Eksp.,
<collectingCountry id="F3402ACCFF9687670B92FC6FFEE979C8" box="[899,986,961,986]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Guinea</collectingCountry>
Bay, off River
<collectingCountry id="F3402ACCFF9687670C9FFC6FF9EF79C8" box="[1166,1244,961,986]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Congo</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, St. 75, 05°41ʼS, 11°38ʼE,
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9687670913FC4BFC7F79EF" box="[258,332,997,1021]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="m" value="201.0">201 m</quantity>
, rather coarse mud, t=13,5°C, 0
<date id="FFE94C9CFF9687670AA6FC4BFE7379EF" box="[695,832,997,1021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1950-12-07">7 Dec. 1950</date>
(1, ZMUC-POL-640);
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9687670C5BFC4BFCA17E30" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
&quot;Galathea&quot;—Eksp.,
<collectingCountry id="F3402ACCFF9687670D54FC4BF8AF79EC" box="[1349,1436,997,1022]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Guinea</collectingCountry>
Bay, off River
<collectingCountry id="F3402ACCFF9687670955FBA7FCA17E30" box="[324,402,1033,1058]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Congo</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, St. 88, 06°24ʼS, 12°01ʼE,
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9687670AD4FBA7FE337E33" box="[709,768,1033,1057]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="m" value="75.0">75 m</quantity>
, 0
<date id="FFE94C9CFF9687670B0AFBA7FE917E33" box="[795,930,1033,1057]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1950-12-08">8 Dec. 1950</date>
(1, ZMUC-POL-641);
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9687670CB8FBA7FC687E54" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">&quot;Galathea&quot;—Eksp., off Cunene river</emphasis>
, St. 132, 17°13ʼS, 11°27ʼE,
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9687670A8AFB80FFD77E57" box="[667,740,1070,1094]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE94C9CFF9687670AFEFB80FEB57E54" box="[751,902,1069,1094]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" value="1950-12-22">22 Dec. 1950</date>
(1, ZMUC-POL-644).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D39D7FF96876708D6FBFFFCB57EE8" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF96876708D6FBFFFCB57EE8" blockId="1.[151,1437,853,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF96876708D6FBFFFCE97E78" bold="true" box="[199,474,1105,1130]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
Description.
<typeStatus id="54ECD4FEFF9687670975FBFFFCE67E78" box="[356,469,1105,1130]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
anterior fragment with 33 chaetigers,
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9687670BB4FBFCF93D7E7B" box="[933,1038,1106,1130]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.37" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="mm" value="1.37">1.37 mm</quantity>
wide. Neuropodial hooded hooks appear from chaetiger 23, up to 4 per neuropodium. Nuchal organ extending to chaetiger 16. Last chaetiger carrying branchiae is not detectable. Sabre chaetae present from chaetiger 14, up to 4 per fascicle. Genital pouches appear on chaetiger 7 on the left side, 5 on the right (genital pouches absent after chaetiger 12 on the left side and after 13 on the right).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D39D7FF96876408D6FAABF9FC7BC2" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="355" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF96876708D6FAABFCEC7F50" blockId="1.[151,1437,853,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF96876708D6FAABFCED7F0C" bold="true" box="[199,478,1285,1310]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">All material examined:</emphasis>
from
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9687670A36FAA8FFD57F0F" box="[551,742,1285,1310]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="mm" value="1.725" valueMax="2.25" valueMin="1.2">1.20 to 2.25 mm</quantity>
wide at chaetigers 7–12 (only one specimen—ZMUC-POL- 640—was wider than
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF968767099CFA84FCE17F50" box="[397,466,1322,1346]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF96876708D6FAE3F8AF7DFC" blockId="1.[151,1437,853,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">
Prostomium almost triangular (
<figureCitation id="136C76D9FF9687670A32FAE3FF557F74" box="[547,614,1357,1382]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,531,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,519,1792]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Laonice galatheae sp. nov.: A – B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Parapodium, chaetiger 7 (arrows pointing to prechaetal notopodial lamellae); D. Parapodium, chaetiger 27 (arrows pointing to a narrow and elongated upper part of notopodial postchaetal lamella); E. Hooded hook in side view, chaetiger 29; F. Hooded hook in three-quarter view, chaetiger 33. Material: A, D – E. Holotype (ZMUC-POL- 643); B. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 639); C. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641), F. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641). Scales (mm): A, C, D— 1; B— 2; E, F— 0,03." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Figs 1</figureCitation>
A, B; 2). Anterior margin of prostomium slightly rounded, not fused with peristomium at anterior corners. One pair of small eyespots (if visible—Fig. 1A) in the posterior part of prostomium. Occipital tentacle well developed, erect. It is possible to trace the length of nuchal organ in only three specimens (ZMUC-POL-640, 641 and 643): in two former cases, it reaches up to chaetiger 12 but in the last one it is possible to trace it until chaetiger 15. Caruncle does not seem to follow nuchal organ, it stops on the level of chaetiger 2. Short palps (extending to chaetiger 4 or 5) were intact only on one specimen (ZMUC-POL-640). Anterior 15–17 chaetigers slightly wider than the subsequent segments. Branchiae at chaetiger 2 are comparable in height to notopodial postchaetal lamellae, clearly lower than notopodial postchaetal lamellae at chaetiger 3, becoming obviously higher only from chaetiger 5. Branchiae present until chaetiger
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9687670CB8F9C0F9D87C94" box="[1193,1259,1645,1670]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" unit="in" value="33.0">33 in</quantity>
one specimen (
<typeStatus id="54ECD4FEFF968767088EF93FFC3D7CB8" box="[159,270,1681,1706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="354" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
); other specimens do not have intact branchiae on posterior segments. Last segment bearing branchiae not detected. Notopodial postchaetal lamellae of anterior 14 to 15 chaetigers with pointed tips (
<figureCitation id="136C76D9FF9687670D3EF91BF8457CDC" box="[1327,1398,1717,1742]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,531,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,519,1792]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Laonice galatheae sp. nov.: A – B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Parapodium, chaetiger 7 (arrows pointing to prechaetal notopodial lamellae); D. Parapodium, chaetiger 27 (arrows pointing to a narrow and elongated upper part of notopodial postchaetal lamella); E. Hooded hook in side view, chaetiger 29; F. Hooded hook in three-quarter view, chaetiger 33. Material: A, D – E. Holotype (ZMUC-POL- 643); B. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 639); C. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641), F. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641). Scales (mm): A, C, D— 1; B— 2; E, F— 0,03." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C). Notopodial postchaetal lamellae are not pointed in subsequent segments, but have a narrow and elongated upper part (
<figureCitation id="136C76D9FF96876708C3F953FC237D04" box="[210,272,1789,1814]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,531,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,519,1792]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Laonice galatheae sp. nov.: A – B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Parapodium, chaetiger 7 (arrows pointing to prechaetal notopodial lamellae); D. Parapodium, chaetiger 27 (arrows pointing to a narrow and elongated upper part of notopodial postchaetal lamella); E. Hooded hook in side view, chaetiger 29; F. Hooded hook in three-quarter view, chaetiger 33. Material: A, D – E. Holotype (ZMUC-POL- 643); B. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 639); C. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641), F. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641). Scales (mm): A, C, D— 1; B— 2; E, F— 0,03." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D—arrow). Condition of the material does not allow description of the shape of notopodial lamellae in post branchial region. Prechaetal notopodial lamellae (in upper part of notopodia) large and most prominent from chaetiger 6 to 15 (
<figureCitation id="136C76D9FF9687670973F8EBFCAC7D4C" box="[354,415,1861,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,531,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,519,1792]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Laonice galatheae sp. nov.: A – B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Parapodium, chaetiger 7 (arrows pointing to prechaetal notopodial lamellae); D. Parapodium, chaetiger 27 (arrows pointing to a narrow and elongated upper part of notopodial postchaetal lamella); E. Hooded hook in side view, chaetiger 29; F. Hooded hook in three-quarter view, chaetiger 33. Material: A, D – E. Holotype (ZMUC-POL- 643); B. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 639); C. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641), F. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641). Scales (mm): A, C, D— 1; B— 2; E, F— 0,03." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C—arrows). Neuropodial postchaetal lamellae of anterior 3–4 chaetigers with acute lateral tips; lamellae rounded with small but recognizable acute peaks on the lateral margins on subsequent segments until chaetiger 16; upper margins of neuropodial lamellae are acute until chaetiger 25 or 26 and sharply pointed upward on the subsequent segments (
<figureCitation id="136C76D9FF96876709F6F81FFF1A7DD8" box="[487,553,1969,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,531,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,519,1792]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Laonice galatheae sp. nov.: A – B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Parapodium, chaetiger 7 (arrows pointing to prechaetal notopodial lamellae); D. Parapodium, chaetiger 27 (arrows pointing to a narrow and elongated upper part of notopodial postchaetal lamella); E. Hooded hook in side view, chaetiger 29; F. Hooded hook in three-quarter view, chaetiger 33. Material: A, D – E. Holotype (ZMUC-POL- 643); B. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 639); C. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641), F. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641). Scales (mm): A, C, D— 1; B— 2; E, F— 0,03." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="354">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D). Dorsal transverse membranes connecting bases of notopodial postchaetal lamellae were not detected. Genital pouches first appearing on chaetiger 5 or 6, continuing to chaetigers 9–16.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF9587640886FF39FE097B77" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">
Number of segments bearing pouches from 4 to 10. Noto- and neuropodial capillaries arranged in more than two vertical rows per fascicle on anterior 17–19 chaetigers (in up to four rows between chaetigers
<date id="FFE94C9CFF9587640CF1FF12F8BC7AC6" box="[1248,1423,188,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" value="2014-04-06" valueMax="2014-04-13" valueMin="2014-04-06">4–6 and 13–14</date>
). Neuropodial hooded hooks first appear from chaetiger 23 to 30, up to 6 per fascicle; hooks are bidentate in side view or tridentate (
<figureCitation id="136C76D9FF9587640963FEAAFC817B0E" box="[370,434,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1817,1839]" captionTargetBox="[157,1426,531,1787]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[152,1435,519,1792]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Laonice galatheae sp. nov.: A – B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Parapodium, chaetiger 7 (arrows pointing to prechaetal notopodial lamellae); D. Parapodium, chaetiger 27 (arrows pointing to a narrow and elongated upper part of notopodial postchaetal lamella); E. Hooded hook in side view, chaetiger 29; F. Hooded hook in three-quarter view, chaetiger 33. Material: A, D – E. Holotype (ZMUC-POL- 643); B. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 639); C. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641), F. Paratype (ZMUC-POL- 641). Scales (mm): A, C, D— 1; B— 2; E, F— 0,03." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265010/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
E–F) with apical teeth located in tandem; details are hardly visible without immersion. Sabre chaetae from chaetiger 13 to 18; 3–4 per fascicle at first appearance, reduced to only one after two to four segments. Notopodial hooks not found. Pygidium unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF95876408D6FEDEFCED7B9A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,464]" box="[199,478,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">Worms without pigment.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF95876408D6FE3AF9FC7BC2" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF95876408D6FE3AFF777BBF" bold="true" box="[199,580,404,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">Methyl green staining pattern.</emphasis>
The most stable patterns from 75% ethanol staining persists as ventral longitudinal stripes on the prostomium and on notopodial postchaetal lobes of chaetigers 2 till 9.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF283AD4FF9587640886F8B7FE1D7DB8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265010/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" targetBox="[157,1426,531,1787]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF9587640886F8B7FE1D7DB8" blockId="2.[151,1436,1817,1962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9587640886F8B7FC257D3C" bold="true" box="[151,278,1817,1839]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9587640931F8B4FCEC7D3D" box="[288,479,1817,1839]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9587640931F8B4FCEC7D3D" box="[288,479,1817,1839]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">Laonice galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF95876409F9F8B7FF0F7D3C" bold="true" box="[488,572,1817,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2100B35FF95876409F9F8B7FF0F7D3C" box="[488,572,1817,1838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="355" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: A–B. Anterior end, dorsal view; C. Parapodium, chaetiger 7 (arrows pointing to prechaetal notopodial lamellae); D. Parapodium, chaetiger 27 (arrows pointing to a narrow and elongated upper part of notopodial postchaetal lamella); E. Hooded hook in side view, chaetiger 29; F. Hooded hook in three-quarter view, chaetiger 33. Material: A, D–E. Holotype (ZMUC-POL-643); B. Paratype (ZMUC-POL-639); C. Paratype (ZMUC-POL-641), F. Paratype (ZMUC-POL-641). Scales (mm): A, C, D—1; B—2; E, F—0,03.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF283AD4FF9487650886F98DFDFF7C45" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" targetBox="[284,1303,199,1544]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF9487650886F98DFDFF7C45" blockId="3.[151,1436,1571,1623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650886F98DFC267C2A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1571,1593]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF948765090CF98AFCE87C2B" box="[285,475,1571,1593]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF948765090CF98AFCE87C2B" box="[285,475,1571,1593]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">Laonice galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF94876509F2F98DFF067C2A" bold="true" box="[483,565,1571,1592]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2100B35FF94876509F2F98DFF067C2A" box="[483,565,1571,1592]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: Multifocus photo of the anterior part of body, dorsal view (Paratype ZMUC-POL- 639).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34D39D7FF94876508D6F9D0FEA77C85" box="[199,916,1662,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF94876508D6F9D0FEA77C85" blockId="3.[151,1436,1662,2011]" box="[199,916,1662,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF94876508D6F9D0FC6A7C85" bold="true" box="[199,345,1662,1687]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">Distribution</emphasis>
. West Africa, from
<collectingCountry id="F3402ACCFF9487650A29F9D0FFB97C85" box="[568,650,1662,1687]" name="Angola" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">Angola</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="F3402ACCFF9487650ABFF92EFE017C85" box="[686,818,1663,1688]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="136C76D9FF9487650B50F9D0FEB57C85" box="[833,902,1662,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1154,1176]" captionTargetBox="[402,1186,201,1125]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[393,1193,193,1133]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Distribution of the new species along the African coast: filled circles— Laonice galatheae sp. nov.; square— Laonice cricketae sp. nov.; triangle— Laonice olgae sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265014/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D39D7FF94876508D6F90CFC8A7CCD" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF94876508D6F90CFC8A7CCD" blockId="3.[151,1436,1662,2011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF94876508D6F90CFC7D7CA9" bold="true" box="[199,334,1698,1723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name is given after the name of the Danish expedition ship that collected most of the specimens of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D39D7FF94876208D6F944F9447BC2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE86A5CFF94876208D6F944F9447BC2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1662,2011]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF94876508D6F944FC087D11" bold="true" box="[199,315,1770,1795]" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">Remarks.</emphasis>
Unfortunately, preservation of the material is quite poor and does not allow seeing well some morphological characters. This species is close to the group of species having capillaries arranged in more than 2 rows in anterior parapodia:
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF94876509CFF89DFE797D59" authority="Soderstrom, 1920" authorityName="Soderstrom" authorityYear="1920" box="[478,842,1842,1867]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appelloefi">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF94876509CFF89DFF437D59" box="[478,624,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. appelloefi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC617ADFF9487650A6AF89CFE797D59" author="Soderstrom" box="[635,842,1842,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="368" refString="Soderstrom, A. (1920) Studien uber die Polychatenfamilie Spionidae. Inaugural-Dissertation. Almquist &amp; Wicksells, Uppsala, 286 pp." type="book" year="1920">Söderström, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650B4BF89DF9A87D59" authority="Hartman, 1978" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1978" box="[858,1179,1843,1867]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="weddelia">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650B4BF89DFED17D59" box="[858,994,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. weddelia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC617ADFF9487650BFDF89DF9A87D59" author="Hartman" box="[1004,1179,1843,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="368" refString="Hartman, O. (1978) Polychaeta from the Weddell Sea Quadrant, Antarctica. Biology of the Antarctic Seas VI. Antarctic Research Series, 26 (4), 125 - 223." type="journal article" year="1978">Hartman, 1978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650CBDF89DFC1B7D7D" authority="Sikorski &amp; Jirkov, 1988" authorityName="Sikorski &amp; Jirkov" authorityYear="1988" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="blakei">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650CBDF89DF8217D59" box="[1196,1298,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. blakei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC617ADFF9487650D0CF89CFC1B7D7D" author="Sikorski" pageId="3" pageNumber="368" refString="Sikorski, A. V., Jirkov, I. A. &amp; Tsetlin, A. B. (1988) The genus Laonice (Polychaeta, Spionidae) in the Arctic Ocean: weighing the taxonomic characters and species composition. Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal, 67 (6), 826 - 838. [in Russian, English summary]" type="journal article" year="1988">Sikorski &amp; Jirkov, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650926F8F6FF7F7D7D" authority="Blake, 1996" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1996" box="[311,588,1878,1903]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuchala">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650926F8F6FC817D7D" box="[311,434,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. nuchala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC617ADFF94876509ACF8F8FF7F7D7D" author="Blake" box="[445,588,1878,1903]" pageId="3" pageNumber="367" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Spionidae Grube, 1850. Including a review of the genera and species from California and a revision of the genus Polydora Bosc, 1802. Taxonomic atlas of the benthic fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Chanel Vol. 6, The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara, California: Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 1 b, 81 - 223." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650A4AF8F6FEAE7D7D" authority="Sikorski, 2003" authorityName="Sikorski" authorityYear="2003" box="[603,925,1878,1903]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norgensis">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650A4AF8F6FFDB7D7D" box="[603,744,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. norgensis</emphasis>
Sikorski, 2003
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650BBDF8F6FDFC7D81" authority="Aguirrezabalaga &amp; Ceberio, 2005" authorityName="Aguirrezabalaga &amp; Ceberio" authorityYear="2005" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maciolekae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650BBDF8F6F97E7D7D" box="[940,1101,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. maciolekae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC617ADFF9487650C49F8F8FDFC7D81" author="Aguirrezabalaga" pageId="3" pageNumber="367" refString="Aguirrezabalaga, F. &amp; Ceberio, A. (2005) Spionidae (Polychaeta) from the Capbreton Canyon (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic) with description of a new genus and three new species. Marine Biology Research, 1, 267 - 280. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000500262066" type="journal article" year="2005">Aguirrezabalaga &amp; Ceberio, 2005</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF948765091DF8D5FF2B7D81" authority="Lopez, 2011" authorityName="Lopez" authorityYear="2011" box="[268,536,1915,1939]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="vieitezi">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF948765091DF8D5FC487D80" box="[268,379,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. vieitezi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC617ADFF9487650997F8D5FF2B7D81" author="Lopez" box="[390,536,1915,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="368" refString="Lopez, E. (2011) A new species of Laonice (Spionidae, Polychaeta, Annelida) from Bellingshausen Sea (West Antarctica). Helgoland Marine Research, 65, 257 - 261. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10152 - 011 - 0248 - 1" type="journal article" year="2011">Lopez, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650A34F8D5FFF57D81" box="[549,710,1915,1939]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="maciolekae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650A34F8D5FFF57D81" box="[549,710,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. maciolekae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was synonymized (Meißner
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650C06F8D5F9787D81" box="[1047,1099,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">et al</emphasis>
. 2014) with
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650CF5F8D5F8477D81" box="[1252,1396,1915,1939]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appelloefi">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650CF5F8D5F8477D81" box="[1252,1396,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. appelloefi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650D94F8D5FC3D7DA5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650D94F8D5FC397DA5" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appelloefi">L. appelloefi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
just as
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650961F80EFF3B7DA5" box="[368,520,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650961F80EFF377DA5" box="[368,516,1951,1975]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">L. galatheae</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
has anterior notopodial prechaetal lobes, genital pouches from chaetiger 5–7, similar length of nuchal organ and similar shape of neuropodial hooks. But
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9487650BEEF86DF9BC7DC9" box="[1023,1167,1987,2011]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="3" pageNumber="356" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appelloefi">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9487650BEEF86DF9BC7DC9" box="[1023,1167,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="356">L. appelloefi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has pointed notopodial postchaetal lobes only until chaetiger 7 or 8 whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620AF9FF37FE477AA2" box="[744,884,152,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620AF9FF37FE477AA2" box="[744,884,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
until chaetiger 14 or 15, and the obvious anterior widening of the body in
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF93876209B9FF13FF067AC6" box="[424,565,188,212]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appelloefi">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF93876209B9FF13FF067AC6" box="[424,565,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. appelloefi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620AD1FF13FE787AC6" box="[704,843,188,212]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620AD1FF13FE787AC6" box="[704,843,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620B48FF13FEE87AC6" box="[857,987,188,212]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="weddelia">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620B48FF13FEE87AC6" box="[857,987,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. weddelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620C00FF13F9AE7AC6" box="[1041,1181,188,212]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620C00FF13F9AE7AC6" box="[1041,1181,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ obviously in the length of the nuchal organ (to chaetiger
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9387620A42FF4EFFBF7AEA" box="[595,652,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" unit="in" value="20.0">20 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620A83FF4FFE277AEA" box="[658,788,224,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="weddelia">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620A83FF4FFE277AEA" box="[658,788,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. weddelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and to chaetiger
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9387620BC2FF71F9057AEA" box="[979,1078,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.429" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="3.048" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" unit="in" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620C2DFF4FF9F47AEA" box="[1084,1223,224,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620C2DFF4FF9F47AEA" box="[1084,1223,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and by number of branchiae (to chaetiger
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF938762098DFEAAFCE67B0F" box="[412,469,260,285]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" unit="in" value="50.0">50 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF93876209CAFEABFF6E7B0E" box="[475,605,260,284]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="weddelia">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF93876209CAFEABFF6E7B0E" box="[475,605,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. weddelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and to chaetiger
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9387620B0AFEAAFE607B0F" box="[795,851,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" unit="in" value="33.0">33 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620B48FEABFED77B0E" box="[857,996,260,284]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620B48FEABFED77B0E" box="[857,996,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620BEAFEABF96F7B0E" box="[1019,1116,260,284]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="blakei">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620BEAFEABF96F7B0E" box="[1019,1116,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. blakei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620CFFFEABF8497B0E" box="[1262,1402,260,284]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620CFFFEABF8497B0E" box="[1262,1402,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by multidentate hooks, by much longer branchiae on chaetiger 2 and by appearance of genital pouches from chaetiger 3.
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF93876208A4FEE3FC037B76" box="[181,304,332,356]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nuchala">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF93876208A4FEE3FC037B76" box="[181,304,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. nuchala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has about 20 segments bearing genital pouches (compared to
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9387620C15FEE2F96F7B77" box="[1028,1116,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" unit="in" value="7.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="4.0">4–10 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620C74FEE3F9C77B76" box="[1125,1268,332,356]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620C74FEE3F9C77B76" box="[1125,1268,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) starting from chaetiger 7–8 (compared to chaetiger
<quantity id="4CAFC7B9FF9387620A50FEC1FFBB7B9A" box="[577,648,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" unit="in" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620A9EFEDFFE287B9A" box="[655,795,368,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620A9EFEDFFE287B9A" box="[655,795,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620B22FEDFFE8E7B95" box="[819,957,368,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norgensis">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620B22FEDFFE8E7B95" box="[819,957,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. norgensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620BE5FEDFF9527B95" box="[1012,1121,368,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="vieitezi">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620BE5FEDFF9527B95" box="[1012,1121,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. vieitezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from
<taxonomicName id="4C5711DFFF9387620CFDFEDFF84A7B9A" box="[1260,1401,368,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Laonice" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="357" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="galatheae">
<emphasis id="B923B64EFF9387620CFDFEDFF84A7B9A" box="[1260,1401,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="357">L. galatheae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by more posterior appearance of genital pouches, by high transversal dorsal membranes on middle segments, by branchiae existing until nearly the very posterior chaetigers, and by longer nuchal organ.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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