202 lines
20 KiB
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202 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="AB089CB707398A43D408FAFEF0F40CE1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13588506" ID-ISSN="2295-0214" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13588506" ID-ZooBank="08799CEE-C597-4D1C-90F2-569C42E9FAEB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1723128466313" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grootaert, Patrick, Raemdonck, Hugo & O. D., Alain Drumont" docDate="2020" docId="03D487E4FFB7230C8BFFFECBFE20C680" docLanguage="en" docName="BelgJEntomol.104.1-18.pdf" docOrigin="Belgian Journal of Entomology 104" docStyle="DocumentStyle:1C24E9253A34C90F9A25106B2B38F3D3.1:BelgJEntomol.2015-2021.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="1C24E9253A34C90F9A25106B2B38F3D3" docStyleName="BelgJEntomol.2015-2021.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Ptiolina Zetterstedt 1842" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFEDFF9CFFBB23018B08FFF6FFB6C519" masterDocTitle="The Rhagionidae or Snipeflies of the Botanical Garden Jean Massart (Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium) with notes on the identity of the rare European species Archicera avarorum Szilády, 1934 and Ptiolina obscura (Fallén, 1814) (Diptera: Rhagionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1725004488485" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="539C3F861F72AD771470C5F2C4BAA5ED">The Rhagionidae or Snipeflies of the Botanical Garden Jean Massart (Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium) with notes on the identity of the rare European species Archicera avarorum Szilády, 1934 and Ptiolina obscura (Fallén, 1814) (Diptera: Rhagionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0C75DCA7202FFBF99948062788D38FBB">Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4679E57CA9C447D973545CA77D611D0D">O. D. Taxonomy and Phylogeny-Entomology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Vautier Street 29, B- 1000 Brussels.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1A65FBE247F8AB77B87B69E5FB7B51D8" type="email">pgrootaert@yahoo.co.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="085646D19F5B8B01484168D25927D8B2">Raemdonck, Hugo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C6047DAD87FC3B040A5FA9B958C52CC9">O. D. Taxonomy and Phylogeny-Entomology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Vautier Street 29, B- 1000 Brussels.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6C8EE212C9B1D2207875BAEF55530876">O. D., Alain Drumont</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3CBBB0DFE0DFDFF607AB1E47AD5E4F78">O. D. Taxonomy and Phylogeny-Entomology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Vautier Street 29, B- 1000 Brussels.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5B2BC081A96059D7DB35C7901CF6BD49">Belgian Journal of Entomology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7982A78355C4D5F7B553462E4E2C2946">
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<mods:date id="DE57D1789D5B730FC69C03C465947E79">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="25B66CC3094EB169929D24102FCEB08E">2020-09-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1A37DEF35E69050CC7F76F4798FFEB07">104</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D487E4FFB7230C8BFFFECBFE20C680" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D487E4FFB7230C8BFFFECBFE20C680" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D487E4FFB7230C8BFFFECBFE20C680" lastPageId="13" pageId="12">
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<subSubSection id="C3676579FFB7230D8BFFFECBFB16C460" pageId="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB7230D8BFFFECBFB16C460" blockId="12.[247,1348,316,378]" pageId="12">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB7230D8BFFFECBFB16C460" bold="true" pageId="12">
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Key to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB7230D8A8BFECAFDF0C44F" ID-CoL="754M" authority="Zetterstedt, 1842" authorityName="Zetterstedt" authorityYear="1842" box="[387,582,316,343]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB7230D8A8BFECAFE50C44E" bold="true" box="[387,486,316,343]" italics="true" pageId="12">Ptiolina</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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supposed to occur in We stern Europe, excluding the boreal and subboreal species (copied and adapted from
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<smallCapsWord id="8D24A02EFFB7230D8861FEA9FC7EC460" baselines="370,371" box="[873,968,351,377]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Stubbs" pageId="12">STUBBS</smallCapsWord>
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||
&
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D24A02EFFB7230D88F9FE96FBFDC461" baselines="371,371" box="[1009,1099,352,378]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Drake" pageId="12">DRAKE</smallCapsWord>
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, 2014)
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3676579FFB7230D8BFFFE6AFADFC6AA" pageId="12" type="key">
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||
<key id="FFEC61C3FFB7230D8BFFFE6AFADFC6AA" pageId="12">
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||
<keyStep id="30892E57FFB7230D8BFFFE6AFADFC756" pageId="12">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB7230D8BFFFE6AFADFC4E5" blockId="12.[247,1385,412,509]" pageId="12">
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||
<keyLead id="308C95C7FFB7230D8BFFFE6AFADFC4E5" pageId="12">
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1. First antennal segment twice as long as second antennal segment (both segments covered in hairs longer than width of segments). Male with face bare centrally, the hairs on the strip bordering the eyes should be ignored; female face with short hairs ..............................
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB7230D8E0EFE15FADFC4E5" ID-CoL="78M2T" authorityName="Zetterstedt" authorityYear="1842" box="[1286,1385,483,508]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB7230D8E0EFE15FADFC4E5" box="[1286,1385,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB7230D8BFFFDE4FADFC756" blockId="12.[247,1385,530,592]" pageId="12">
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<keyLead id="308C95C7FFB7230D8BFFFDE4FADFC756" pageId="12">- First and second antennal segments more or less equal in length (hairs on face present or absent) ....................................................................................................................................... 2</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30892E57FFB7230D8BFFFD62FADFC618" pageId="12">
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<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB7230D8BFFFD62FADFC7C8" blockId="12.[247,1385,660,722]" pageId="12">
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<keyLead id="308C95C7FFB7230D8BFFFD62FADFC7C8" pageId="12">
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2. Face with long hairs centrally (hairs on the wide hairy strip next to the eyes should be ignored). (Hairs on first and second antennal segment moderately long) ...................
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB7230D8FE7FD4EFADFC7C8" ID-CoL="78M35" authorityName="Wahlberg" authorityYear="1854" box="[1263,1385,696,721]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrina">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB7230D8FE7FD4EFADFC7C8" box="[1263,1385,696,721]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. nigrina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB7230D8BFFFD11FADFC618" blockId="12.[247,1385,743,769]" box="[247,1385,743,769]" pageId="12">
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<keyLead id="308C95C7FFB7230D8BFFFD11FADFC618" box="[247,1385,743,769]" pageId="12">- Face bare centrally (male) or sparsely hairy (female) ............................................................. 3</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30892E57FFB7230D8BFFFCB0FADFC6AA" pageId="12">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB7230D8BFFFCB0FADFC69A" blockId="12.[247,1385,838,900]" pageId="12">
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<keyLead id="308C95C7FFB7230D8BFFFCB0FADFC69A" pageId="12">
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3. Female frons dull. Squamae in both sexes with a fringe of black hairs (careful since they can appear yellowish in some lights). (Wings darkened) .................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB7230D8FEFFC9CFADFC69A" ID-CoL="6WM38" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[1255,1385,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB7230D8FEFFC9CFADFC69A" box="[1255,1385,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. obscura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB7230D8BFFFC6CFADFC6AA" blockId="12.[247,1385,921,948]" box="[247,1385,921,948]" pageId="12">
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<keyLead id="308C95C7FFB7230D8BFFFC6CFADFC6AA" box="[247,1385,921,948]" pageId="12">
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- Female frons polished. Squamae in both sexed with a fringe of pale hairs .................
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB7230D8E09FC6CFADFC6AA" ID-CoL="6WLR8" authorityName="Wahlberg" authorityYear="1854" box="[1281,1385,921,947]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB7230D8E09FC6CFADFC6AA" box="[1281,1385,921,947]" italics="true" pageId="12">P. nitida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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</key>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF02667AFFB7230D8BFFF8D5FE73C24F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13588554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13588554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13588554/files/figure.png" pageId="12" startId="12.[247,284,1827,1849]" targetBox="[286,1349,1010,1804]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB7230D8BFFF8D5FE73C24F" blockId="12.[247,1386,1827,1879]" pageId="12">
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Fig. 8.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB7230D8A42F8D5FD21C221" authority="(Fallen, 1814)" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[330,663,1827,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB7230D8A42F8D5FE41C221" box="[330,503,1827,1848]" italics="true" pageId="12">Ptiolina obscura</emphasis>
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(Fallén, 1814)
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</taxonomicName>
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Male terminalia. A. Ventral view; B. Dorsal view. Scale 0.1 mm. © Patrick Grootaert.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3676579FFB6230C8BFFFF49FE20C680" pageId="13" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB6230C8BFFFF49FE34C5CE" blockId="13.[247,386,191,217]" box="[247,386,191,217]" pageId="13">
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D24A02EFFB6230C8BFFFF49FE34C5CE" baselines="210,210" box="[247,386,191,217]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comments" pageId="13">COMMENTS</smallCapsWord>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB6230C8BFFFF18FC7FC4A1" blockId="13.[247,1386,238,440]" pageId="13">
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The identification of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C8AF0FF18FD0EC411" box="[504,696,238,264]" pageId="13">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C8AF0FF18FDEFC411" box="[504,601,238,264]" italics="true" pageId="13">Ptiolina</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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remains uncertain because of doubts on the reliability of characters: variability of the colour of the fringe of bristles on the squama from pale to black, length of the discal cell and we could not find illustrations of the male terminalia from the various species. Nevertheless, we presume that all the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C8898FEA1FC47C468" ID-CoL="754M" authorityName="Zetterstedt" authorityYear="1842" box="[912,1009,343,369]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C8898FEA1FC47C468" box="[912,1009,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="13">Ptiolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
found at the Botanical Garden Jean Massart represent
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C891DFE8DFD2CC48C" ID-CoL="6WM38" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[533,666,379,405]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C891DFE8DFD2CC48C" box="[533,666,379,405]" italics="true" pageId="13">P. obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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and the illustration of the male terminalia might provide a further reference to the identification of the species (
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<figureCitation id="13462A77FFB6230C8878FE68FC01C4A1" box="[880,951,414,440]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[247,284,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[286,1349,1010,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-269@12.[280,1352,1008,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Ptiolina obscura (Fallén, 1814) Male terminalia. A. Ventral view; B. Dorsal view. Scale 0.1 mm. © Patrick Grootaert." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13588554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13588554/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB6230C8BFFFE38FE6AC748" blockId="13.[247,1386,461,593]" pageId="13">
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In his key to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C8AD9FE3BFC25C4F1" ID-CoL="FN2" authority="VAN DER GOOT (1985)" authorityName="VAN DER GOOT" authorityYear="1985" box="[465,915,461,488]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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Rhagionidae
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<smallCapsWord id="8D24A02EFFB6230C897CFE38FD1DC4FF" baselines="481,481" box="[628,683,462,488]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Van" pageId="13">VAN</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D24A02EFFB6230C89BEFE24FD50C4FE" baselines="482" box="[694,742,466,487]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="der" pageId="13">DER</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D24A02EFFB6230C89F8FE38FC81C4FF" baselines="481,481" box="[752,823,462,488]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Goot" pageId="13">GOOT</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(1985)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mentions that no
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C8F7FFE3BFA8CC4FE" box="[1143,1338,461,487]" pageId="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C8F7FFE3BFB6EC4FE" box="[1143,1240,461,487]" italics="true" pageId="13">Ptiolina</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known from
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<collectingCountry id="F36A7662FFB6230C8AA8FE06FDBEC713" box="[416,520,496,522]" name="Belgium" pageId="13">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
and that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C8983FE07FC26C713" ID-CoL="78M35" authority="Wahlberg" authorityName="Wahlberg" authorityYear="1854" box="[651,912,496,522]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrina">
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||
<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C8983FE07FCBDC713" box="[651,779,497,522]" italics="true" pageId="13">P. nigrina</emphasis>
|
||
Wahlberg
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only species known from
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||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7662FFB6230C8E4DFE06FE3AC734" name="Netherlands" pageId="13">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
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|
||
<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C8AEEFDE2FDADC734" box="[486,539,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C893EFDE2FDC1C734" box="[566,631,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="13">in litt</emphasis>
|
||
.) doubt this however and state that only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C8F61FDE2FB5BC734" ID-CoL="6WM38" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[1129,1261,531,557]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C8F61FDE2FB5BC734" box="[1129,1261,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="13">P. obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is present in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A7662FFB6230C8A1EFDC1FE6EC748" box="[278,472,567,593]" name="Netherlands" pageId="13">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC236F2FFB6230C8BFFFD91FE20C680" blockId="13.[247,1385,614,921]" pageId="13">
|
||
In her revision of the northern Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C8806FD90FBC1C798" ID-CoL="754M" authority=", NARTHCHUK (1995)" authorityName="NARTHCHUK" authorityYear="1995" box="[782,1143,614,641]" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C8806FD90FCC0C799" box="[782,886,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="13">Ptiolina,</emphasis>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D24A02EFFB6230C8889FD91FBADC766" baselines="634,634" box="[897,1051,615,641]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Narthchuk" pageId="13">NARTHCHUK</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
states that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D4D71FFB6230C8E00FD90FDBFC7BD" ID-CoL="6WM38" authority="(Fallen, 1814)" baseAuthorityName="Fallen" baseAuthorityYear="1814" class="Insecta" family="Rhagionidae" genus="Ptiolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909EAE0FFB6230C8E00FD90FEEEC7BD" italics="true" pageId="13">Ptiolina obscura</emphasis>
|
||
(Fallén, 1814)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has darkened wings, a black fringe on the wing squamae and the face is bare or with sparse hairs. The two basal segments of the antennae are equal in length, with abundant short bristles but no long hairs. The antennal flagellomere is not longer than 1.5× as long as wide. However, we are not sure about the precise meaning of the latter (third antennal segment). In male all femora and hind tibia have long hairs. It is clear that not all these characters correspond to our specimens. Unfortunately, no illustrations of the male terminalia or other structures are provided and a revision coupled to genetic barcodes is needed to elucidate this problem.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |