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<mods:title id="F77CE18FFF501DF6733E50CE8D9EDC07">Octopus sinensis dOrbigny, 1841 (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae): Valid Species Name for the Commercially Valuable East Asian Common Octopus</mods:title>
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<treatment id="CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526871" ID-GBIF-Taxon="188492990" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5526871" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph id="460436F10B07FFE6FED3F8C0FDC5F8FC" blockId="1.[293,630,1825,1849]" box="[293,630,1825,1849]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<heading id="1D4C819D0B07FFE6FED3F8C0FDC5F8FC" box="[293,630,1825,1849]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B07FFE6FED3F8C0FDC5F8FC" ID-CoL="48KQ3" authority="d'Orbigny, 1841" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[293,630,1825,1849]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FED3F8C0FE63F8FC" bold="true" box="[293,464,1825,1849]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Octopus sinensis</emphasis>
dOrbigny, 1841
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<paragraph id="460436F10B07FFE6FEBEF8A0FDE9F87E" blockId="1.[291,632,1857,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
[English vernacular name: The East Asian common octopus] [Japanese name: Madako] (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B07FFE6FEBEF842FE13F87E" box="[328,416,1955,1979]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionStartId-2="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionStartId-3="3.[156,187,1776,1798]" captionStartId-4="3.[156,187,1888,1910]" captionStartId-5="3.[156,187,1916,1938]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." captionText-2="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contracted posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." captionText-3="Fig. 4. An example of the appearance of the oral surface of a male Octopus sinensis to show the position of specially enlarged suckers on arms 2 and 3 of each side (most obvious on arms 2, as indicated: suckers #12 and 13 on the leπ, and #13 and 14 on the right). Anterior of animal (Ant.) is to the leπ, so the leπ arms are in the upper half of the figure and the right arms in the lower half. (Neotype specimen NSMT Mo 85659)." captionText-4="Fig. 5. End of arm R3 of the specimen in Figs 13, showing the robust spermatophore groove (SGr; cf.Fig. 2, H) and small ligula (L)." captionText-5="Fig. 6. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of Octopus sinensis (lot NSMT Mo 85660 specimen IGG 318, ML 168mm), illustrating the form of the ligula in more detail. Note modest calamus (Cal.) nestled in the hilum at the base of the ligula, and protuberance (Pr.) on the anterior side closely apposed to the region at the end of the spermatophore groove (SGr), covering the base of both ligula and calamus. (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Figs 16</figureCitation>
, 811;
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B07FFE6FE11F842FDE1F87E" box="[487,594,1955,1979]" captionStart-0="Table 1" captionStart-1="Table 2" captionStartId-0="2.[156,204,833,855]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox-1="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="Table 1. Basic measurements and counts of neotype and voucher specimens of Octopus sinensis." captionText-1="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" tableUuid-0="12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" tableUuid-1="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Tables 12</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B07FFE6FF6AF805FE5FF839" ID-CoL="48KQ3" authority="d'Orbigny, 1841" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[156,492,2020,2044]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FF6AF805FEF1F839" box="[156,322,2020,2044]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Octopus sinensis</emphasis>
dOrbigny, 1841
</taxonomicName>
(text): 68; dOrbigny 1834 (atlas of plates): pl. 9 (lower figure, without species identification: subsequently identified by
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FB45FF27FAE2FF1B" author="Sasaki, M." box="[1203,1361,198,222]" page="37" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FB45FF27FAE2FF1B" author="Sasaki, M." box="[1203,1361,198,222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki 1929: 37</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B07FFE6FCC3FF06FBB1FE44" blockId="1.[821,1432,198,580]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="66AB11DF0B07FFE6FCC3FF06FBB1FE44" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B07FFE6FCC3FF06FC6EFF3A" ID-CoL="48KQY" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[821,989,231,255]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FCC3FF06FC6EFF3A" box="[821,989,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Octopus vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(non
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FBEBFF06FB11FF3A" author="Cuvier, G. L. C." box="[1053,1186,231,255]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" refId="ref10490" refString="Cuvier, G. L. C. 1797. Tableau elementaire de l'histoire naturelle des animaux. Paris, 710 pp." type="book" year="1797">Cuvier, 1797</bibRefCitation>
):
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FB42FF06FAEDFF3B" author="Appellof, A." box="[1204,1374,231,255]" page="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1886">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FB42FF06FAEDFF3B" author="Appellof, A." box="[1204,1374,231,255]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref10442" refString="Appellof, A. 1886. Japanska Cephalopoder. Kungliga Svenska Vetenkaps-Akademiens Handlingar 21: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1886">Appellöf 1886: 7</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FA9CFF06FC4BFEDA" author="Ortmann, A." page="642" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FA9CFF06FC4BFEDA" author="Ortmann, A." pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="639 - 669" refId="ref11675" refString="Ortmann, A. 1888. Japanische Cephalopoden. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere 3: 639 - 669." type="journal article" year="1888">Ortmann 1888: 642</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FBF2FEE6FB01FEDA" author="Robson, G. C." box="[1028,1202,263,287]" page="57" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FBF2FEE6FB01FEDA" author="Robson, G. C." box="[1028,1202,263,287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" refId="ref11885" refString="Robson, G. C. 1929. A Monograph of the Recent Cephalopoda Based on the Collections in the British Museum (Natural History). Part I. Octopodinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, xi + 236 pp., 7 pls." type="book" year="1929">Robson 1929: 57</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part);
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FAD4FEE6FCC1FE85" author="Nesis, K. N." page="312" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FAD4FEE6FCC1FE85" author="Nesis, K. N." pageId="1" pageNumber="32" refId="ref11439" refString="Nesis, K. N. 1987. Cephalopods of the World: Squids, Cuttlefishes, Octopuses, and Allies. T. F. H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey, U. S. A., 351 pp., 88 figs." type="book" year="1987">Nesis 1987: 312</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part; northwestern Pacific population);
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FAB2FEC9FC58FEA5" author="Okutani, T. &amp; Tagawa, M. &amp; Horikawa, H." page="157" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FAB2FEC9FC58FEA5" author="Okutani, T. &amp; Tagawa, M. &amp; Horikawa, H." pageId="1" pageNumber="32" refId="ref11489" refString="Okutani, T., Tagawa, M. and Horikawa, H. 1987. Cephalopods from Continental Shelf and Slope around Japan. Japan Fisheries Resources Conservation Association, Tokyo, 194 pp., 74 pls." type="book" year="1987">
Okutani
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FCB8FEA8FCCAFEA5" box="[846,889,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 1987: 157
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 60 AC;
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FB82FEA9FAD6FEA5" author="Kaneko, N. &amp; Kubodera, T. &amp; Iguchi, A." box="[1140,1381,328,352]" page="106" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FB82FEA9FAD6FEA5" author="Kaneko, N. &amp; Kubodera, T. &amp; Iguchi, A." box="[1140,1381,328,352]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref11064" refString="Kaneko, N., Kubodera, T. and Iguchi, A. 2011. Taxonomic study of shallow-water octopuses (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) in Japan and adjacent waters using mitochondrial genes with perspectives on octopus DNA barcoding. Malacologia 54: 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2011">
Kaneko
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FB3FFEA8FB47FEA5" box="[1225,1268,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2011: 106
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FA87FEA8FC4DFE44" author="Kubodera, T." page="212" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FA87FEA8FC4DFE44" author="Kubodera, T." pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="211 - 269" refId="ref11112" refString="Kubodera, T. 2013. Nihon no tako zukan [Atlas of Japanese octopuses]. Pp. 211 - 269. In: Okutani, T. (Ed.) Nihon no Takogaku [Octopusology of Japan]. Tokai University Press, Hadano, Kanagawa. [In Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="2013">Kubodera 2013: 212</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B07FFE6FCC3FE68FC3DFDC6" blockId="1.[821,1432,198,580]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="66AB11DF0B07FFE6FCC3FE68FC3DFDC6" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FCC3FE68FB3CFE64" author="Wulker, G." box="[821,1167,393,417]" page="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B07FFE6FCC3FE68FB3CFE64" authority=": Wulker 1910: 5" authorityName=": Wulker" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1910" box="[821,1167,393,417]" class="Agaricomycetes" genus="Polypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Russulales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FCC3FE68FC68FE64" box="[821,987,393,417]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Polypus vulgaris</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FC1DFE68FB3CFE64" author="Wulker, G." box="[1003,1167,393,417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref12302" refString="Wulker, G. 1910. Uber Japanische Cephalopoden. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Systematik und Anatomie der Dibranchiaten. Pp. 1 - 77. In: Doflein, F. (Ed.) Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens, Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Koniglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenchaπen 3 (suppl. 1). Munchen." type="book chapter" year="1910">Wülker 1910: 5</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FB68FE6BFAFAFE64" author="Berry, S. S." box="[1182,1353,393,418]" page="386" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1912">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FB68FE6BFAFAFE64" author="Berry, S. S." box="[1182,1353,393,418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="380 - 444" refId="ref10461" refString="Berry, S. S. 1912. A catalogue of Japanese Cephalopoda. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 64: 380 - 444." type="journal article" year="1912">Berry 1912: 386</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="C71A10E00B07FFE6FAAEFE68FC17FE07" author="Sasaki, M." page="35" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FAAEFE68FC17FE07" author="Sasaki, M." pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki 1929: 35</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part), text figs 1112, pl. IV fig. 1, pl. IX figs 13, pl. XXIX fig. 1. (
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B07FFE6FBD1FE2BFBC7FE27" box="[1063,1140,458,482]" class="Agaricomycetes" genus="Polypus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Russulales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FBD1FE2BFBC7FE27" box="[1063,1140,458,482]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Polypus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a suppressed name;
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B07FFE6FAAAFE2BFC30FDC6" author="ICZN" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" pagination="275 - 296" refId="ref10907" refString="ICZN 1954. Opinion 233. Suppression, under the plenary powers, of the name ' Octopodia' Schneider, 1784 (Class Cephalopoda), and of certain reputed names published by the same author in 1784. Opinions and Declarations of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 4: 275 - 296." type="journal article" year="1954">ICZN 1954</bibRefCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B07FFE6FCC3FDEDFBE9FD81" blockId="1.[821,1432,198,580]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B07FFE6FCC3FDEDFC4CFDE6" ID-CoL="48KQY" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[821,1023,523,547]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FCC3FDEDFC34FDE6" box="[821,903,524,547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Octopus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FC46FDEAFC4CFDE6" box="[944,1023,523,547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FBE7FDEAFB2EFDE6" box="[1041,1181,523,547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
cf.
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B07FFE6FBC6FDEDFB2EFDE6" ID-CoL="48KQ3" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[1072,1181,524,547]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">O. sinensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
): Gleadall and Salcedo- Vargas 2004: 119 (in part).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EA1657A0B07FFE5FCB8FD8CFD2FFD81" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="460436F10B07FFE6FCB8FD8CFB16FCC2" blockId="1.[821,1432,621,2077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B07FFE6FCB8FD8CFBADFD40" bold="true" box="[846,1054,621,645]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FBCEFD8CFB16FCC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532317" collectingDate="2013-10-25" collectionCode="ML, NSMT" collectorName="Oyano Is. &amp; Mo &amp; M. Abe &amp; I. G. Gleadall &amp; K. Matsubara &amp; S. Morii." country="Japan" county="Kyushu" location="Ariake Sea" municipality="Kami-amakusa City" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="IGG 312" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kumamoto" typeStatus="neotype">
<typeStatus id="990088530B07FFE6FBCEFD8CFB3CFD40" box="[1080,1167,621,645]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
, here designated, mature male (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC8CFD6FFC13FD63" box="[890,928,654,678]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FC58FD6FFC44FD63" box="[942,1015,654,678]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="97.0">97 mm</quantity>
),
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FBE6FD6CFB35FD63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FBE6FD6CFB35FD63" box="[1040,1158,653,678]" country="Japan" county="Kyushu" municipality="Kami-amakusa City" name="Ariake Sea" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Kumamoto">Ariake Sea</location>
, Hato-no-kama
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FACAFD6CFA27FD60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FACAFD6CFA27FD60" box="[1340,1428,653,677]" country="Japan" county="Kyushu" municipality="Kami-amakusa City" name="Harbour" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Kumamoto">Harbour</location>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FCC3FD4FFC2EFD00" box="[821,925,686,710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Oyano Is.</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FC5AFD4FFBC8FD03" box="[940,1147,686,710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kami-amakusa City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FB7FFD4FFA8AFD03" box="[1161,1337,686,710]" country="Japan" name="Kumamoto" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kumamoto Pref.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="AF654E7D0B07FFE6FAB0FD4FFA27FD03" box="[1350,1428,686,710]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kyushu</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FCC3FD2EFCC3FD23" box="[821,880,719,742]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FC8DFD2EFC64FD22" box="[891,983,719,743]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">IGG 312</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC15FD2EFB9BFD22" box="[995,1064,719,743]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FBC6FD2EFBE0FD23" box="[1072,1107,719,742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</collectorName>
85659,
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FB51FD2FFAB9FD23" box="[1191,1290,718,742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2013-10-25">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FB51FD2FFAB9FD23" box="[1191,1290,718,742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2013-10-25">25.x.2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FAE3FD2EFAD6FD23" box="[1301,1381,718,742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">M. Abe</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FA87FD2EFC38FCC2" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">I.G. Gleadall</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC62FD11FBAFFCC2" box="[916,1052,751,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">K. Matsubara</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FBB8FD0EFB16FCC2" box="[1102,1189,751,775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">S. Morii.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B07FFE5FCB8FCF1FDC0FE26" blockId="1.[821,1432,621,2077]" lastBlockId="2.[156,768,198,775]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FCB8FCF1FCE5FC8D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532311" collectionCode="ML" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1">
Other material examined: 1 mature male (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FAE5FCF1FA8AFCED" box="[1299,1337,784,808]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FAB2FCEEFA3FFCED" box="[1348,1420,783,808]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="95.0">95 mm</quantity>
), loc
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC91FCD0FC6CFCAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532316" collectionCode="NRML" collectorName="Kyushu" country="Japan" location="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="NRML 2438" specimenCount="1">
not stated (?
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC04FCD1FBF1FC8D" box="[1010,1090,816,840]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kyushu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FBA2FCD1FB23FC8D" box="[1108,1168,816,840]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
),
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FB5CFCD0FA81FC8D" box="[1194,1330,816,840]" collectionCode="NRML" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NRML 2438</specimenCode>
, undated (?18241827), P
</materialsCitation>
.F.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC09FCB0FC00FC4C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532314" collectionCode="ML" collectorName="Siebold" country="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-immature="1">
von
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FBC4FCB0FBCCFCAC" box="[1074,1151,849,873]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Siebold</collectorName>
;
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B07FFE6FB66FCB0FABEFCAC" box="[1168,1293,849,873]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="immature">1 immature</specimenCount>
female (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FA87FCB0FA24FCAC" box="[1393,1431,849,873]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FCC3FC90FCCEFC4C" box="[821,893,881,905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="89.0">89 mm</quantity>
), loc
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC49FC93FBA6FC6C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532318" collectionCode="NRML" collectorName="Kyushu" country="Japan" location="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="NRML 472" specimenCount="1">
not stated (?
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FBB7FC90FB22FC4C" box="[1089,1169,881,905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kyushu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FB68FC90FB69FC4C" box="[1182,1242,881,905]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
),
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FB19FC93FAD5FC4C" box="[1263,1382,881,905]" collectionCode="NRML" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NRML 472</specimenCode>
, undated (?18241827), P
</materialsCitation>
.F.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FBD8FC73FAFCFC0F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532320" collectionCode="ML" collectorName="von Siebold" country="Japan" location="Kyushu" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="ZUMT 994" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima">
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FBD8FC73FB14FC6F" box="[1070,1191,914,938]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">von Siebold</collectorName>
; 1 submature male (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FA87FC73FA24FC6F" box="[1393,1431,914,938]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FCC3FC53FC3AFC0F" box="[821,905,946,970]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="107.0">107 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FC54FC53FBA5FC0F" box="[930,1046,946,970]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FBD1FC53FBC6FC0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FBD1FC53FBC6FC0F" box="[1063,1141,946,970]" country="Japan" name="Kyushu" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Kagoshima">Kyushu</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FB70FC52FB72FC0F" box="[1158,1217,947,970]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FB24FC52FAFCFC0F" box="[1234,1359,946,970]" collectionCode="ZUMT" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rp8e-1dbb" name="Department of Zoology, University Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ZUMT 994</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FAA4FC53FC18FB89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532315" collectingDate="1903-08" collectionCode="ML" collectorName="Prefectural Government" country="Japan" location="Kagoshima" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="ZUMT 994" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kagoshima">
CO-38 [056],
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FC80FC32FC44FC2E" box="[886,1015,979,1003]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1903-08">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FC80FC32FC44FC2E" box="[886,1015,979,1003]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1903-08">August 1903</collectingDate>
</date>
, donated by
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FB81FC32FB5AFC2E" box="[1143,1257,979,1003]" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB19FC32FC3DFBCE" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Prefectural Government</collectorName>
;
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B07FFE6FC6DFC12FC51FBCE" box="[923,994,1011,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC1AFC15FBA3FBCE" box="[1004,1040,1012,1035]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FBECFC12FBD8FBCE" box="[1050,1131,1011,1035]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="106.0">106 mm</quantity>
(head dissected, arms missing), 1 submature female
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FBB6FBF5FBD7FBEE" box="[1088,1124,1044,1067]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FB9AFBF5FB0EFBEE" box="[1132,1213,1044,1068]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="119.0">119 mm</quantity>
(no collection data),
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FCC3FBD4FC18FB89" box="[821,939,1076,1100]" collectionCode="ZUMT" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rp8e-1dbb" name="Department of Zoology, University Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ZUMT 994</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.CO-20 [058]; 1 submature female (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FAE0FBD5FA8FFB89" box="[1302,1340,1076,1100]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FAB2FBD5FA3FFB89" box="[1348,1420,1076,1100]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="84.0">84 mm</quantity>
),
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B07FFE6FCC3FBB4FCD8FBA8" box="[821,875,1109,1133]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="generic">
1 juv
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC91FBB4FCD8FBA8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532319" box="[871,875,1109,1133]" collectionCode="ML" country="Japan" county="Sea" location="Yuri-gun" municipality="Konoura" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1">.</materialsCitation>
</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC80FBB4FC2FFBA8" box="[886,924,1109,1133]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FC55FBB4FC58FBA8" box="[931,1003,1109,1133]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FC0AFBB4FB87FBA9" box="[1020,1076,1109,1132]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
<collectingCounty id="AF654E7D0B07FFE6FBCCFBB4FBEDFBA8" box="[1082,1118,1109,1133]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sea</collectingCounty>
, off
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FB7FFBB4FB57FBA9" box="[1161,1252,1109,1132]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Konoura</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FB18FBB4FAFFFBA8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FB18FBB4FAFFFBA8" box="[1262,1356,1109,1133]" country="Japan" county="Sea" municipality="Konoura" name="Yuri-gun" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Yuri-gun</location>
, southern
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FCABFB94FC7DFB48" box="[861,974,1141,1165]" country="Japan" name="Akita" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
Akita Pref
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC3CFB94FC7DFB48" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532307" box="[970,974,1141,1165]" collectingDate="1931-10-17" collectionCode="NSMT, SHC, ML" collectorName="Honshu &amp; Mo" country="Japan" location="Iwaki-gun" municipality="Onahama" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">.</materialsCitation>
</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC21FB94FB99FB48" box="[983,1066,1141,1165]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Honshu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FBC2FB97FBDCFB48" box="[1076,1135,1142,1165]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FB8FFB97FB0DFB4B" box="[1145,1214,1142,1166]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB32FB97FB54FB48" box="[1220,1255,1142,1165]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</collectorName>
75758 (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FACFFB97FADDFB4B" box="[1337,1390,1142,1166]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">SHC</collectionCode>
),
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FA89FB97FC77FB6B" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1931-10-17">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FA89FB97FC77FB6B" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1931-10-17">17 October 1931</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B07FFE6FC24FB77FBAAFB6B" box="[978,1049,1174,1198]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FBDFFB77FBFCFB6B" box="[1065,1103,1174,1198]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FBAFFB77FB12FB6B" box="[1113,1185,1174,1198]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="96.0">96 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FB40FB77FAAFFB6B" box="[1206,1308,1174,1198]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Onahama</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FADCFB77FA27FB6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FADCFB77FA27FB6B" box="[1322,1428,1174,1198]" country="Japan" municipality="Onahama" name="Iwaki-gun" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Iwaki-gun</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FCC3FB57FC52FB0B" box="[821,993,1206,1230]" country="Japan" name="Fukushima" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
Fukushima Pref
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC2BFB57FC52FB0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532309" box="[989,993,1206,1230]" collectingDate="1932-01" collectionCode="NSMT, SHC" collectorName="Honshu &amp; Mo" country="Japan" county="Pacific Ocean" location="Yuriage" municipality="Sendai Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="ML 82, 68" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">.</materialsCitation>
</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC1AFB57FB8CFB0B" box="[1004,1087,1206,1230]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Honshu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FBBDFB56FB35FB0B" box="[1099,1158,1207,1230]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FB64FB56FB64FB0A" box="[1170,1239,1207,1231]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB29FB56FAB1FB0B" box="[1247,1282,1207,1230]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</collectorName>
75750 (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FAAEFB56FA3EFB0A" box="[1368,1421,1207,1231]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">SHC</collectionCode>
),
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FCC3FB36FC08FB2A" box="[821,955,1239,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1932-01">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FCC3FB36FC08FB2A" box="[821,955,1239,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1932-01">January 1932</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B07FFE6FC33FB36FBA2FB2A" box="[965,1041,1239,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FBEBFB36FBD7FB2A" box="[1053,1124,1239,1263]" collectionCode="ML" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML 82</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FB9BFB36FB36FB2A" box="[1133,1157,1239,1263]" collectionCode="ML" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">68</specimenCode>
mm),
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FB31FB36FB8CFAF5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532303" collectingDate="1933-01" collectingDateMax="1957-06-08" collectingDateMin="1933-01" collectionCode="NSMT, SHC, ML" country="Japan" county="Sea" location="Nishitsugaru-gun" municipality="Fukaura" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="SMI 051" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-immature="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa">
<collectingCounty id="AF654E7D0B07FFE6FB31FB36FAE1FB2A" box="[1223,1362,1239,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Pacific Ocean</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FAAAFB36FCC0FAD5" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sendai Bay</collectingMunicipality>
, off
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FC68FB16FC5EFACA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FC68FB16FC5EFACA" box="[926,1005,1271,1295]" country="Japan" county="Pacific Ocean" municipality="Sendai Bay" name="Yuriage" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Yuriage</location>
,
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FC01FB16FBD8FACA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FC01FB16FBD8FACA" box="[1015,1131,1271,1295]" country="Japan" county="Pacific Ocean" municipality="Sendai Bay" name="Natori-gun" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Natori-gun</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FB82FB16FB40FACA" box="[1140,1267,1271,1295]" country="Japan" name="Miyagi" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Miyagi Pref.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB0AFB16FAFCFACA" box="[1276,1359,1271,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Honshu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FAAFFB19FA27FACA" box="[1369,1428,1272,1295]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FCC3FAF9FCC9FAF5" box="[821,890,1304,1328]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC72FAF8FC14FAF5" box="[900,935,1305,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</collectorName>
75759 (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC09FAF9FB87FAF5" box="[1023,1076,1304,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">SHC</collectionCode>
),
</materialsCitation>
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FBBFFAF8FB67FAF5" box="[1097,1236,1304,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1933-01">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FBBFFAF8FB67FAF5" box="[1097,1236,1304,1329]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1933-01">January 1933</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B07FFE6FB14FAF9FAEFFAF5" box="[1250,1372,1304,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="immature">1 immature</specimenCount>
male (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FCCDFAD8FCD2FA94" box="[827,865,1337,1361]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FC9EFAD8FC03FA94" box="[872,944,1337,1361]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="42.0">42 mm</quantity>
),
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC37FAD8FBFEFA94" box="[961,1101,1337,1361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Pacific Ocean</collectorName>
, off
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB8EFAD8FB7DFA94" box="[1144,1230,1337,1361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Hayama</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB2EFAD8FA92FA94" box="[1240,1313,1337,1361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sagami</collectorName>
(
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FAD8FAD8FCDBFAB4" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kanagawa Pref.</collectingRegion>
),
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC8AFAB8FC7CFAB4" box="[892,975,1369,1393]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Honshu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FC2AFABBFBA4FAB4" box="[988,1047,1370,1393]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FBD2FAB8FBCDFAB4" box="[1060,1150,1369,1393]" collectionCode="SMI" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">SMI 051</specimenCode>
,
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FB7AFAB8FABEFAB4" box="[1164,1293,1369,1393]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1957-06-08">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FB7AFAB8FABEFAB4" box="[1164,1293,1369,1393]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1957-06-08">8 June 1957</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B07FFE6FAECFAB8FAD2FAB4" box="[1306,1377,1369,1393]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FA87FAB8FA24FAB4" box="[1393,1431,1369,1393]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FCC3FA98FCCEFA57" box="[821,893,1401,1426]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="56.0">56 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FC6EFA9BFC63FA54" box="[920,976,1402,1425]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
<collectingCounty id="AF654E7D0B07FFE6FC16FA9BFBB7FA57" box="[992,1028,1402,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sea</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FBE1FA9BFBDEFA57" box="[1047,1133,1402,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Fukaura</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FB76FA9BFA86FA57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FB76FA9BFA86FA57" box="[1152,1333,1402,1426]" country="Japan" county="Sea" municipality="Fukaura" name="Nishitsugaru-gun" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Kanagawa">Nishitsugaru-gun</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FABEFA9BFCD4FA77" country="Japan" name="Aomori" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
Aomori Pref
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC95FA7BFCD4FA77" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532321" box="[867,871,1434,1458]" collectingDate="1963-08" collectionCode="NSMT, SHC, ML" collectorName="Honshu &amp; Mo" country="Japan" location="Kamo Aquarium" municipality="Sea" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">.</materialsCitation>
</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC99FA7BFC71FA77" box="[879,962,1434,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Honshu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FC3AFA7AFBB4FA77" box="[972,1031,1435,1458]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FBE6FA7BFBE6FA77" box="[1040,1109,1434,1458]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FBADFA7AFBCDFA77" box="[1115,1150,1435,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</collectorName>
75739 (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FB3BFA7BFAB1FA77" box="[1229,1282,1434,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">SHC</collectionCode>
),
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FAE5FA7BFA27FA77" box="[1299,1428,1434,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1963-08">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FAE5FA7BFA27FA77" box="[1299,1428,1434,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1963-08">August 1963</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B07FFE6FCC3FA5AFCCAFA16" box="[821,889,1467,1491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC7EFA5AFC1DFA16" box="[904,942,1467,1491]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FC40FA5AFC4CFA16" box="[950,1023,1467,1491]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="72.0">72 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FBE7FA5AFBFAFA17" box="[1041,1097,1467,1490]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FBA4FA5AFBC5FA16" box="[1106,1142,1467,1491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sea</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FB74FA5AFA9CFA16" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FB74FA5AFA9CFA16" box="[1154,1327,1467,1491]" country="Japan" municipality="Sea" name="Kamo Aquarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kamo Aquarium</location>
(originally caught by octopus pot),
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FBA7FA3DFB5DFA36" box="[1105,1262,1499,1524]" country="Japan" name="Yamagata" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
Yamagata Pref
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FB1CFA3AFB5DFA36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532304" box="[1258,1262,1499,1523]" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Honshu" country="Japan" location="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="BMNH 1994108" specimenCount="1">.</materialsCitation>
</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB0CFA3AFAFEFA36" box="[1274,1357,1499,1523]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Honshu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FAAFFA3DFA27FA36" box="[1369,1428,1500,1523]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FCC3FA1DFC6CF9D1" box="[821,991,1532,1556]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">BMNH 1994108</specimenCode>
,
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FC1CFA1DFBE5F9D1" box="[1002,1110,1532,1556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1987-09">Sept. 1987</date>
, I.G.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FB79FA1DFC0FF990" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532305" collectionCode="ML" collectorName="Gleadall" country="Japan" county="Sea" location="Uozu" municipality="Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toyama">
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB79FA1DFB56F9D1" box="[1167,1253,1532,1556]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Gleadall</collectorName>
; 1 mature female (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FCCDF9FDFCD2F9F1" box="[827,865,1564,1588]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FC9EF9FDFC0EF9F1" box="[872,957,1564,1588]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="122.0">122 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FC39F9FCFBB4F9F1" box="[975,1031,1565,1588]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
<collectingCounty id="AF654E7D0B07FFE6FBF8F9FDFB81F9F1" box="[1038,1074,1564,1588]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sea</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FBCBF9FCFB3EF9F0" box="[1085,1165,1565,1589]" country="Japan" name="Toyama" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Toyama</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FB62F9FCFB09F9F0" box="[1172,1210,1565,1589]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Bay</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FB32F9FCFB4FF9F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FB32F9FCFB4FF9F1" box="[1220,1276,1565,1588]" country="Japan" county="Sea" municipality="Bay" name="Uozu" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Toyama">Uozu</location>
, (octopus pot),
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FCC3F9DCFC0FF990" box="[821,956,1597,1621]" country="Japan" name="Toyama" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Toyama Pref</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC4AF9DCFC52F9B0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532301" collectingDate="1992-08" collectionCode="NSMT" collectorName="Honshu" country="Japan" location="Mo" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="IGG 036" specimenCount="1">
.,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC3DF9DCFBADF990" box="[971,1054,1597,1621]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Honshu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FBDDF9DCFBD5F991" box="[1067,1126,1597,1620]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FB84F9DCFB7CF990" box="[1138,1231,1597,1621]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">IGG 036</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FB2DF9DCFA93F990" box="[1243,1312,1597,1621]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FADFF9DCFAFFF991" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FADFF9DCFAFFF991" box="[1321,1356,1597,1620]" country="Japan" name="Mo" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</location>
85656,
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FCC3F9BFFC0EF9B0" box="[821,957,1629,1654]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1992-08">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FCC3F9BFFC0EF9B0" box="[821,957,1629,1654]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1992-08">August 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
, O
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC04F9BFFB9CF973" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532306" collectingDate="1993-03-22" collectionCode="ML, NSMT" collectorName="Inamura" country="Japan" county="Shiriyazaki" location="Mo" municipality="Pacific" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="IGG 039" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aomori">
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC04F9BFFBF8F9B0" box="[1010,1099,1630,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Inamura</collectorName>
; 1 mature male (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FAE6F9BCFA85F9B0" box="[1296,1334,1629,1653]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FAB2F9BCFA3FF9B0" box="[1348,1420,1629,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="93.0">93 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingCounty id="AF654E7D0B07FFE6FCC3F99FFC14F953" box="[821,935,1662,1686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Shiriyazaki</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FC43F99FFC4BF953" box="[949,1016,1662,1686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Pacific</collectingMunicipality>
coast of
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FBABF99FFB1DF953" box="[1117,1198,1662,1686]" country="Japan" name="Aomori" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Aomori</collectingRegion>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FB4DF99FFAAAF953" box="[1211,1305,1662,1686]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">IGG 039</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FAD0F99FFAD8F953" box="[1318,1387,1662,1686]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FA83F99FFA2BF950" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FA83F99FFA2BF950" box="[1397,1432,1662,1685]" country="Japan" county="Shiriyazaki" municipality="Pacific" name="Mo" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Aomori">Mo</location>
85657,
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FC88F97FFBA9F973" box="[894,1050,1694,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1993-03-22">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FC88F97FFBA9F973" box="[894,1050,1694,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1993-03-22">22 March 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
, I
</materialsCitation>
.G. Gleadall and K.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FB0FF97EFBA4F8D2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532313" collectingDate="2000-06-19" collectionCode="ML, NSMT" country="China" county="Iyo-nada" latitude="31.6825" location="Mo" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="127.784836" municipality="East" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="IGG 169" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB0FF97EFA9DF973" box="[1273,1326,1695,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Noro</collectorName>
(né
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FAA8F97FFA3EF973" box="[1374,1421,1694,1718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sato</collectorName>
); 1 maturing female (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC08F95EFB97F912" box="[1022,1060,1727,1751]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FBDDF95EFB33F912" box="[1067,1152,1727,1751]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="124.0">124 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FB64F95EFB0EF913" box="[1170,1213,1727,1750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">East</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FB35F95EFAB2F912" box="[1219,1281,1727,1751]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">China</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FAFEF95EFA9FF912" box="[1288,1324,1727,1751]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sea</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="238F50360B07FFE6FACEF95EFCFAF932" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="40.95" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" precision="9" value="31.6825">31°40.95 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="238F50360B07FFE6FCA5F901FC66F932" box="[851,981,1758,1784]" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="47.09" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" precision="9" value="127.784836">127°47.09 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC29F901FB97F93D" box="[991,1060,1760,1784]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FBDFF901FBFFF932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FBDFF901FBFFF932" box="[1065,1100,1760,1783]" country="China" latitude="31.6825" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="127.784836" municipality="East" name="Mo" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</location>
74775,
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FB6CF901FAACF93D" box="[1178,1311,1760,1784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2000-06-19">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FB6CF901FAACF93D" box="[1178,1311,1760,1784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2000-06-19">19 June 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
, H.
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FAB1F93EFCE0F8D2" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Horikawa</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FCA9F8E1FBA0F8D2" box="[863,1043,1792,1815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kumamoto Maru</collectorName>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FBE9F8E1FBE9F89C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532312" collectingDate="2003-06-21" collectionCode="ML, NSMT" country="Japan" county="Iyo-nada" location="Mo" municipality="Seto Inland Sea" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="IGG 169" specimenCount="1">
1 mature male (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FB35F8E1FB5AF8DD" box="[1219,1257,1792,1816]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FB07F8E1FA8AF8DD" box="[1265,1337,1792,1816]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="73.0">73 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingCounty id="AF654E7D0B07FFE6FABAF8E1FCFCF8FD" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Iyo-nada</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FCACF8C0FC4AF8FC" box="[858,1017,1824,1849]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Seto Inland Sea</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FBF2F8C1FB8AF8FD" box="[1028,1081,1824,1848]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mori</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FBB2F8C0FBCCF8FD" box="[1092,1151,1825,1848]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
, in a cage,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FB18F8C0FAFBF8FD" box="[1262,1352,1824,1849]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">IGG 169</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FAA5F8C0FA2BF8FC" box="[1363,1432,1825,1849]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FCC3F8A3FCEBF89C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FCC3F8A3FCEBF89C" box="[821,856,1858,1881]" country="Japan" county="Iyo-nada" municipality="Seto Inland Sea" name="Mo" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</location>
85658,
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FC5AF8A0FB8BF89C" box="[940,1080,1857,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2003-06-21">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FC5AF8A0FB8BF89C" box="[940,1080,1857,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2003-06-21">21 June 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
, H
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FB91F8A0FC7EF85F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532302" collectionCode="ML" collectorName="Sakaguchi" country="Japan" location="Kamo" municipality="Sea" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FB91F8A0FB63F89C" box="[1127,1232,1857,1881]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sakaguchi</collectorName>
; 1 submature male (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FCCDF883FCD2F8BF" box="[827,865,1890,1914]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FC9FF880FC03F8BC" box="[873,944,1889,1913]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="86.0">86 mm</quantity>
, arm L2 with bifurcated tip),
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FB13F883FAAEF8BC" box="[1253,1309,1890,1913]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B07FFE6FAD3F883FAFAF8BF" box="[1317,1353,1890,1914]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sea</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4364602A0B07FFE6FAA3F883FA27F8BC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B07FFE6FAA3F883FA27F8BC" box="[1365,1428,1890,1913]" country="Japan" municipality="Sea" name="Kamo" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kamo</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B07FFE6FCC3F862FC7EF85F" box="[821,973,1922,1947]" country="Japan" name="Yamagata" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Yamagata Pref</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE6FC3BF863FA9BF87F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532310" collectingDate="2011-10-22" collectionCode="IGG" collectorName="Amor" country="Japan" location="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="IGG 290" specimenCount="1">
.,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B07FFE6FC2BF862FBABF85F" box="[989,1048,1923,1946]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Japan</collectingCountry>
, from beach with rod and line,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FA9DF863FCEAF87E" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">IGG 290</specimenCode>
(donated to M.
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FBFEF842FBFBF87E" box="[1032,1096,1955,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Amor</collectorName>
),
<date id="320510310B07FFE6FBAAF842FABFF87E" box="[1116,1292,1955,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2011-10-22">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B07FFE6FBAAF842FABFF87E" box="[1116,1292,1955,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="2011-10-22">22 October 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, Y
</materialsCitation>
. Hino and T.
<materialsCitation id="F6D33CAC0B07FFE5FCA6F825FD4EFE07" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3357532308" collectingDate="2014-01-30" collectionCode="ML, NSMT, IGG" country="Japan" county="Pacific Ocean" elevation="75" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="33" location="Onagawa" municipality="Oura Port" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="IGG 302, ML 82-111, IGG 318, 324-328, 330, IGG 319-321, 323, 329, IGG 322" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-immature="1" stateProvince="Miyagi" typeStatus="neotype">
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FCA6F825FCDDF81E" box="[848,878,1988,2011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Itō</collectorName>
; 1 mature male (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FBE9F822FBF6F81E" box="[1055,1093,1987,2011]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B07FFE6FBBBF822FB25F81E" box="[1101,1174,1987,2011]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="82.0">82 mm</quantity>
), collected with neotype,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FCC3F805FC22F839" box="[821,913,2020,2044]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">IGG 302</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FC68F805FC50F839" box="[926,995,2020,2044]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">NSMT</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B07FFE6FC1AF805FBBCF83E" box="[1004,1039,2020,2043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Mo</collectorName>
85659; 2 mature males (
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B07FFE6FAE3F805FA23F839" box="[1301,1424,2020,2044]" collectionCode="ML" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ML 82111</specimenCode>
) mm, collected with
<typeStatus id="990088530B07FFE6FBF2F7E4FBE4F7D8" box="[1028,1111,2053,2077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B07FFE6FB95F7E5FB23F7D9" box="[1123,1168,2052,2076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">IGG</collectionCode>
lots 307 and 309 (donated to
<collectorName id="EB4E53270B04FFE5FF2BFF26FEF0FF1B" box="[221,323,198,222]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">M. Amor</collectorName>
); 7 mature males (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B04FFE5FDFDFF27FD82FF1B" box="[523,561,198,222]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FDCDFF27FD0CFF1B" box="[571,703,198,222]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.395" metricValueMax="1.68" metricValueMin="1.1099999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="139.5" valueMax="168.0" valueMin="111.0">111168 mm</quantity>
,
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FD3BFF27FF6EFF3A" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.6669999999999998" metricValueMax="2.432" metricValueMin="0.9019999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="1667.0" valueMax="2432.0" valueMin="902.0">902 2432 g</quantity>
;
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B04FFE5FF1CFF06FEF5FF3A" box="[234,326,231,255]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">IGG 318</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B04FFE5FEA5FF06FE18FF3A" box="[339,427,231,255]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">324328</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B04FFE5FE4EFF06FE53FF3A" box="[440,480,231,255]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">330</specimenCode>
), 5 submature females (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B04FFE5FD2FFF06FD4CFF3A" box="[729,767,231,255]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FF6AFEE6FE93FEDA" box="[156,288,263,287]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" metricValueMax="1.6199999999999999" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="146.0" valueMax="162.0" valueMin="130.0">130162 mm</quantity>
,
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FEC4FEE6FE1FFEE5" box="[306,428,263,288]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.8815" metricValueMax="2.221" metricValueMin="1.5419999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="1881.5" valueMax="2221.0" valueMin="1542.0">1542-2221 g</quantity>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B04FFE5FE48FEE9FDE3FEE5" box="[446,592,264,288]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">IGG 319321</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B04FFE5FD97FEE9FD34FEE5" box="[609,647,264,288]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">323</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B04FFE5FD6FFEE9FD72FEE5" box="[665,705,264,288]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">329</specimenCode>
), and
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B04FFE5FF6AFEC9FEA5FE85" box="[156,278,296,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="immature">1 immature</specimenCount>
female (
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B04FFE5FE82FEC9FE29FE85" box="[372,410,296,320]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">ML</collectionCode>
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FE52FEC9FE44FEFA" box="[420,503,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="112.0">112 mm</quantity>
,
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FDF3FEC9FD89FE85" box="[517,570,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.559999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="956.0">956 g</quantity>
,
<specimenCode id="161D9E8A0B04FFE5FDBFFEC9FD14FE85" box="[585,679,296,320]" collectionCode="IGG" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">IGG 322</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCounty id="AF654E7D0B04FFE5FD4AFEC9FF6CFEA4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Pacific Ocean</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A660AC8B0B04FFE5FF1BFEA8FEEBFEA5" box="[237,344,329,353]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Oura Port</collectingMunicipality>
, near
<location id="4364602A0B04FFE5FE6AFEA8FE4EFEA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B04FFE5FE6AFEA8FE4EFEA4" box="[412,509,329,353]" country="Japan" county="Pacific Ocean" municipality="Oura Port" name="Onagawa" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Miyagi">Onagawa</location>
,
<location id="4364602A0B04FFE5FDFCFEA9FD18FEA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B04FFE5FDFCFEA9FD18FEA5" box="[522,683,328,352]" country="Japan" county="Pacific Ocean" municipality="Oura Port" name="Oshika District" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Miyagi">Oshika District</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B04FFE5FD4EFEA9FEB5FE44" country="Japan" name="Miyagi" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Miyagi Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="4364602A0B04FFE5FEE7FE88FED7FE44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B04FFE5FEE7FE88FED7FE44" box="[273,356,361,385]" country="Japan" county="Pacific Ocean" municipality="Oura Port" name="Honshu" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Miyagi">Honshu</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B04FFE5FE98FE8BFE1AFE44" box="[366,425,362,385]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMethod id="9FFA4EE60B04FFE5FE42FE88FD56FE44" box="[436,741,361,386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">landed from baited cage traps</collectingMethod>
at
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FF6AFE68FF4DFE64" box="[156,254,393,417]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">
<elevation id="CD96D1C20B04FFE5FF6AFE68FF4DFE64" box="[156,254,393,417]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
[mixed catch with
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B04FFE5FE3DFE6BFF66FE07" authority="(Wulker, 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Wulker" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Enteroctopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dofleini">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FE3DFE6BFD2DFE64" box="[459,670,393,417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Enteroctopus dofleini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B04FFE5FD58FE68FF7DFE07" author="Wulker, G." pageId="2" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref12302" refString="Wulker, G. 1910. Uber Japanische Cephalopoden. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Systematik und Anatomie der Dibranchiaten. Pp. 1 - 77. In: Doflein, F. (Ed.) Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte Ostasiens, Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Koniglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenchaπen 3 (suppl. 1). Munchen." type="book chapter" year="1910">Wülker, 1910</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
of similar size],
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B04FFE5FE89FE4BFE77FE07" box="[383,452,426,450]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT</collectionCode>
<location id="4364602A0B04FFE5FE3DFE4AFE5DFE07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE1287E70B07FFE1FED3F8C0FB7BFD40:4364602A0B04FFE5FE3DFE4AFE5DFE07" box="[459,494,427,450]" country="Japan" county="Pacific Ocean" municipality="Oura Port" name="Mo" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Miyagi">Mo</location>
85660,
<date id="320510310B04FFE5FDCBFE4BFD57FE07" box="[573,740,426,451]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" value="2014-01-30">
<collectingDate id="2241E9D90B04FFE5FDCBFE4BFD57FE07" box="[573,740,426,451]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" value="2014-01-30">30 January 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, F
</materialsCitation>
. Abe, I.G. Gleadall, K. Matsubara, and S. Morii.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B04FFE5FF43FE0AFD2FFD81" blockId="2.[156,768,198,775]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FF43FE0AFE2BFDC6" bold="true" box="[181,408,491,515]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Molecular sequences.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="20AAAE340B04FFE5FE44FE0AFE44FDC6" box="[434,503,491,515]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT</collectionCode>
Mo 74775, GenBank Accession nos.
<accessionNumber id="59E8AB120B04FFE5FEE8FDEAFE34FDE6" box="[286,391,523,547]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AB430548" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">AB430548</accessionNumber>
(CO1) and
<accessionNumber id="59E8AB120B04FFE5FDF0FDEAFDDCFDE6" box="[518,623,523,547]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AB573218" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">AB573218</accessionNumber>
(CO3), registered (as
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B04FFE5FF0EFDCCFE2DFD81" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[248,414,556,580]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FF0EFDCCFE2DFD81" box="[248,414,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Octopus vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B04FFE5FE3DFDCDFD24FD81" author="Kaneko, N. &amp; Kubodera, T. &amp; Iguchi, A." box="[459,663,556,580]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref11064" refString="Kaneko, N., Kubodera, T. and Iguchi, A. 2011. Taxonomic study of shallow-water octopuses (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) in Japan and adjacent waters using mitochondrial genes with perspectives on octopus DNA barcoding. Malacologia 54: 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2011">
Kaneko
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FDE8FDCCFDF4FD81" box="[542,583,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">et al</emphasis>
. (2011)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EA1657A0B04FFE5FF43FDADFAB1FE27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="460436F10B04FFE5FF43FDADFAB1FE27" blockId="2.[156,768,198,775]" lastBlockId="2.[820,1432,198,775]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FF43FDADFE96FDA1" bold="true" box="[181,293,588,612]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Member of the
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B04FFE5FE0EFDACFD1BFDA0" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[504,680,589,613]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FE0EFDACFD1BFDA0" box="[504,680,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Octopus vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex inhabiting the western North Pacific in the vicinity of
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B04FFE5FF0BFD6FFE8BFD60" box="[253,312,654,677]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Japan</collectingCountry>
. Maximum size around
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FDCBFD6FFDD5FD63" box="[573,614,654,678]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="kg" value="3.0">3 kg</quantity>
, males maturing around ML
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FEA7FD4FFE25FD03" box="[337,406,686,710]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
(approx.
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FDF3FD4FFD88FD03" box="[517,571,686,710]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="400.0">400 g</quantity>
), females
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FD58FD4FFD4DFD03" box="[686,766,686,710]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
(approx.
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FF0CFD2EFE83FD22" box="[250,304,719,743]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="900.0">900 g</quantity>
). Funnel organ broad, W-shaped. Ocelli absent. Mature males with 1 or 2 enlarged suckers between #12 and #15 (commonly #13 and/or #14) on arms 2 and 3; length of hectocotylized arm around 80% of length of third leπ arm, with 119152 suckers, ending with a minute ligula (length about
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FC31FEC9FBB0FE85" box="[967,1027,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
). Spermatophores small, approximately 60 (each
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FC67FEA8FC65FEA5" box="[913,982,329,353]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
in length) in a male of ML
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FB02FEA8FA88FEA5" box="[1268,1339,329,353]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="92.0">92 mm</quantity>
. Females lay many small eggs together as a number of branched strings (festoons). Eggs hatch into planktonic paralarvae with a ML of 1.52.0 mm and arms each bearing 3 suckers. Well-developed ink sac and anal cirri present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EA1657A0B04FFE2FCB8FE0AFBC4FD60" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="460436F10B04FFE4FCB8FE0AFDB6FF3A" blockId="2.[820,1432,198,775]" lastBlockId="3.[156,767,198,386]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FCB8FE0AFC61FDC6" bold="true" box="[846,978,491,515]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Description.</emphasis>
Based on
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B04FFE5FBAAFE0AFB08FDC6" box="[1116,1211,491,515]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="male">23 males</specimenCount>
(14 mature, 2 submature,
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B04FFE5FC7BFDEDFBBAFDE1" box="[909,1033,524,548]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="immature">1 immature</specimenCount>
, 6 maturity not assessed),
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B04FFE5FADEFDEDFA24FDE1" box="[1320,1431,524,548]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="female">11 females</specimenCount>
(2 mature, 7 submature,
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B04FFE5FBCFFDCDFB05FD81" box="[1081,1206,556,580]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="immature">2 immature</specimenCount>
), and
<specimenCount id="50BDFD780B04FFE5FB0FFDCDFAD1FD81" box="[1273,1378,556,580]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
. Medium- to large-sized octopus: maximum size around
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FA9CFDACFA20FDA0" box="[1386,1427,589,613]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="kg" value="3.0">3 kg</quantity>
, males maturing around ML
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FBAFFD8CFB2EFD40" box="[1113,1181,621,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
(approx.
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FAF7FD8CFA84FD40" box="[1281,1335,621,645]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="400.0">400 g</quantity>
), females
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FCC2FD6FFC36FD60" box="[820,901,654,678]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
(approx.
<quantity id="81439B140B04FFE5FC1BFD6FFB90FD63" box="[1005,1059,654,678]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="900.0">900 g</quantity>
). Body robust, ovoid (MW approx. two-thirds of ML); head broad, width just less than half of ML; neck broad, almost as wide as head (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B04FFE5FB00FD2EFAE0FD22" box="[1270,1363,719,743]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionStartId-2="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." captionText-2="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contracted posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Figs 13</figureCitation>
). Eyes large though not especially prominent, each with a single papilla of modest size posterodorsally, a smaller one sometimes visible anterodorsally (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FE4BFF06FE4AFF3A" box="[445,505,231,255]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionText="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contract- ed posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" ID-Table-UUID="12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" box="[156,1039,833,855]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" startId="2.[156,204,833,855]" targetBox="[166,1420,884,1814]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="460436F10B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" blockId="2.[156,1039,833,855]" box="[156,1039,833,855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
Table 1. Basic measurements and counts of neotype and voucher specimens of
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B04FFE5FC8FFCA0FBB8FC92" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[889,1035,833,855]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FC8FFCA0FBB8FC92" box="[889,1035,833,855]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Octopus sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="460436F10B04FFE5FD97FC95FA31F8D0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<table id="34BBC4510B040018FF50FC95FA3FF8D3" box="[166,1420,884,1814]" gridcols="11" gridrows="28" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FC95FA3FFC42" box="[166,1420,884,903]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FC95FD55FC42" box="[534,742,884,903]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Males</th>
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFC95FA93FC42" box="[1098,1312,884,903]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Females</th>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FC7FFA3FFC22" box="[166,1420,926,999]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FC7FFEA9FC22" box="[166,282,926,999]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Depository &amp; Registration code</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFC7FFE23FC22" box="[300,400,926,999]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT Mo 85659 Neotype</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FC7FFE4FFC22" box="[419,508,926,999]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT Mo 85660 (IGG 318)</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FC7FFDDDFC22" box="[534,622,926,999]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NRML 2438</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FC7FFD55FC22" box="[642,742,926,999]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT Mo 85657 (IGG 039)</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FC7FFCEBFC22" box="[755,856,926,999]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT Mo 85659 (IGG 302)</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFC7FFC77FC22" box="[876,964,926,999]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">BMNH 1994108</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FC7FFB8FFC22" box="[983,1084,926,999]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT Mo 85660 (IGG 320)</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFC7FFB1DFC22" box="[1098,1198,926,999]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT Mo 85660 (IGG 323)</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFC7FFA93FC22" box="[1212,1312,926,999]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NSMT Mo 85656 (IGG 036)</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FC7FFA3FFC22" box="[1332,1420,926,999]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NRML 472</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FC1CFA3FFBD5" box="[166,1420,1021,1040]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FC1CFEA9FBD5" box="[166,282,1021,1040]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">ML</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFC1CFE23FBD5" box="[300,400,1021,1040]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">97</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FC1CFE4FFBD5" box="[419,508,1021,1040]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">168</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FC1CFDDDFBD5" box="[534,622,1021,1040]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">95</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FC1CFD55FBD5" box="[642,742,1021,1040]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">92</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FC1CFCEBFBD5" box="[755,856,1021,1040]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">82</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFC1CFC77FBD5" box="[876,964,1021,1040]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">72</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FC1CFB8FFBD5" box="[983,1084,1021,1040]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
151
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FBE5FC1CFBADFBD5" bold="true" box="[1043,1054,1021,1040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">*</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFC1CFB1DFBD5" box="[1098,1198,1021,1040]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">127</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFC1CFA93FBD5" box="[1212,1312,1021,1040]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">122</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FC1CFA3FFBD5" box="[1332,1420,1021,1040]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">89</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FBFDFA3FFBEA" box="[166,1420,1052,1071]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FBFDFEA9FBEA" box="[166,282,1052,1071]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">VML</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFBFDFE23FBEA" box="[300,400,1052,1071]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">65</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FBFDFE4FFBEA" box="[419,508,1052,1071]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">116</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FBFDFDDDFBEA" box="[534,622,1052,1071]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">66</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FBFDFD55FBEA" box="[642,742,1052,1071]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">74</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FBFDFCEBFBEA" box="[755,856,1052,1071]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">58</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFBFDFC77FBEA" box="[876,964,1052,1071]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">52</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FBFDFB8FFBEA" box="[983,1084,1052,1071]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">127</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFBFDFB1DFBEA" box="[1098,1198,1052,1071]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">97</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFBFDFA93FBEA" box="[1212,1312,1052,1071]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">98</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FBFDFA3FFBEA" box="[1332,1420,1052,1071]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">62</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FBDAFA3FFB8B" box="[166,1420,1083,1102]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FBDAFEA9FB8B" box="[166,282,1083,1102]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">MW</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFBDAFE23FB8B" box="[300,400,1083,1102]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">57</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FBDAFE4FFB8B" box="[419,508,1083,1102]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">93</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FBDAFDDDFB8B" box="[534,622,1083,1102]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">66</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FBDAFD55FB8B" box="[642,742,1083,1102]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">54</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FBDAFCEBFB8B" box="[755,856,1083,1102]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">56</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFBDAFC77FB8B" box="[876,964,1083,1102]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">45</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FBDAFB8FFB8B" box="[983,1084,1083,1102]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">82</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFBDAFB1DFB8B" box="[1098,1198,1083,1102]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">85</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFBDAFA93FB8B" box="[1212,1312,1083,1102]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">86</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FBDAFA3FFB8B" box="[1332,1420,1083,1102]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">49</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FBBBFA3FFBA8" box="[166,1420,1114,1133]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FBBBFEA9FBA8" box="[166,282,1114,1133]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">HW</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFBBBFE23FBA8" box="[300,400,1114,1133]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">47</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FBBBFE4FFBA8" box="[419,508,1114,1133]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">72</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FBBBFDDDFBA8" box="[534,622,1114,1133]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">45</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FBBBFD55FBA8" box="[642,742,1114,1133]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">45</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FBBBFCEBFBA8" box="[755,856,1114,1133]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">38</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFBBBFC77FBA8" box="[876,964,1114,1133]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">35</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FBBBFB8FFBA8" box="[983,1084,1114,1133]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">69</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFBBBFB1DFBA8" box="[1098,1198,1114,1133]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">64</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFBBBFA93FBA8" box="[1212,1312,1114,1133]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">49</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FBBBFA3FFBA8" box="[1332,1420,1114,1133]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FB98FA3FFB49" box="[166,1420,1145,1164]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FB98FEA9FB49" box="[166,282,1145,1164]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">NW</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFB98FE23FB49" box="[300,400,1145,1164]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">47</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FB98FE4FFB49" box="[419,508,1145,1164]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">70</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FB98FDDDFB49" box="[534,622,1145,1164]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">39</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FB98FD55FB49" box="[642,742,1145,1164]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">40</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FB98FCEBFB49" box="[755,856,1145,1164]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">37</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFB98FC77FB49" box="[876,964,1145,1164]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">25</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FB98FB8FFB49" box="[983,1084,1145,1164]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">58</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFB98FB1DFB49" box="[1098,1198,1145,1164]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">66</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFB98FA93FB49" box="[1212,1312,1145,1164]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">45</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FB98FA3FFB49" box="[1332,1420,1145,1164]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">24</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FB79FA3FFB6E" box="[166,1420,1176,1195]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FB79FEA9FB6E" box="[166,282,1176,1195]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">GC</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFB79FE23FB6E" box="[300,400,1176,1195]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">89</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FB79FE4FFB6E" box="[419,508,1176,1195]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">9</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FB79FDDDFB6E" box="[534,622,1176,1195]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">78</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FB79FD55FB6E" box="[642,742,1176,1195]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">9</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FB79FCEBFB6E" box="[755,856,1176,1195]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">89</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFB79FC77FB6E" box="[876,964,1176,1195]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">89</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FB79FB8FFB6E" box="[983,1084,1176,1195]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">910</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFB79FB1DFB6E" box="[1098,1198,1176,1195]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">89</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFB79FA93FB6E" box="[1212,1312,1176,1195]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">8</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FB79FA3FFB6E" box="[1332,1420,1176,1195]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FB56FA3FFB0F" box="[166,1420,1207,1226]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FB56FEA9FB0F" box="[166,282,1207,1226]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">GL</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFB56FE23FB0F" box="[300,400,1207,1226]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">33</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FB56FE4FFB0F" box="[419,508,1207,1226]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">39</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FB56FDDDFB0F" box="[534,622,1207,1226]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">26</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FB56FD55FB0F" box="[642,742,1207,1226]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">29</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FB56FCEBFB0F" box="[755,856,1207,1226]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">27</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFB56FC77FB0F" box="[876,964,1207,1226]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">19</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FB56FB8FFB0F" box="[983,1084,1207,1226]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">49</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFB56FB1DFB0F" box="[1098,1198,1207,1226]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">40</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFB56FA93FB0F" box="[1212,1312,1207,1226]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">44</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FB56FA3FFB0F" box="[1332,1420,1207,1226]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FB34FA3FFB2C" box="[166,1420,1237,1257]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FB34FEA9FB2C" box="[166,282,1237,1257]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">FL</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFB34FE23FB2C" box="[300,400,1237,1257]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">26</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FB34FE4FFB2C" box="[419,508,1237,1257]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">56</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FB34FDDDFB2C" box="[534,622,1237,1257]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">33</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FB34FD55FB2C" box="[642,742,1237,1257]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">28.5</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FB34FCEBFB2C" box="[755,856,1237,1257]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">37</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFB34FC77FB2C" box="[876,964,1237,1257]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">27</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FB34FB8FFB2C" box="[983,1084,1237,1257]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">54</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFB34FB1DFB2C" box="[1098,1198,1237,1257]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">44</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFB34FA93FB2C" box="[1212,1312,1237,1257]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">48</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FB34FA3FFB2C" box="[1332,1420,1237,1257]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">33</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FB15FA3FFACD" box="[166,1420,1268,1288]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FB15FEA9FACD" box="[166,282,1268,1288]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">FFL</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFB15FE23FACD" box="[300,400,1268,1288]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">25</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FB15FE4FFACD" box="[419,508,1268,1288]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">48</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FB15FDDDFACD" box="[534,622,1268,1288]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">28</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FB15FD55FACD" box="[642,742,1268,1288]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">17</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FB15FCEBFACD" box="[755,856,1268,1288]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">20</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFB15FC77FACD" box="[876,964,1268,1288]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">14</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FB15FB8FFACD" box="[983,1084,1268,1288]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">42</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFB15FB1DFACD" box="[1098,1198,1268,1288]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">26</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFB15FA93FACD" box="[1212,1312,1268,1288]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">34</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FB15FA3FFACD" box="[1332,1420,1268,1288]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FAF2FA3FFAE2" box="[166,1420,1299,1319]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FAF2FEA9FAE2" box="[166,282,1299,1319]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">LL</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFAF2FE23FAE2" box="[300,400,1299,1319]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">4.5</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FAF2FE4FFAE2" box="[419,508,1299,1319]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">3.8</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FAF2FDDDFAE2" box="[534,622,1299,1319]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">3.0</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FAF2FD55FAE2" box="[642,742,1299,1319]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">4.0</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FAF2FCEBFAE2" box="[755,856,1299,1319]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">3.3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFAF2FC77FAE2" box="[876,964,1299,1319]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">5.3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FAF2FB8FFAE2" box="[983,1084,1299,1319]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFAF2FB1DFAE2" box="[1098,1198,1299,1319]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFAF2FA93FAE2" box="[1212,1312,1299,1319]" gridcol="9" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FAF2FA3FFAE2" box="[1332,1420,1299,1319]" gridcol="10" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FAD3FA3FFA83" box="[166,1420,1330,1350]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FAD3FEA9FA83" box="[166,282,1330,1350]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">CL</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFAD3FE23FA83" box="[300,400,1330,1350]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2.8</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FAD3FE4FFA83" box="[419,508,1330,1350]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">1.6</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FAD3FDDDFA83" box="[534,622,1330,1350]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">1.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FAD3FD55FA83" box="[642,742,1330,1350]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">1.5</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FAD3FCEBFA83" box="[755,856,1330,1350]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">1.5</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFAD3FC77FA83" box="[876,964,1330,1350]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">1.6</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FAD3FB8FFA83" box="[983,1084,1330,1350]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFAD3FB1DFA83" box="[1098,1198,1330,1350]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFAD3FA93FA83" box="[1212,1312,1330,1350]" gridcol="9" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FAD3FA3FFA83" box="[1332,1420,1330,1350]" gridcol="10" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FAB0FA3FFAA1" box="[166,1420,1361,1380]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FAB0FEA9FAA1" box="[166,282,1361,1380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">AL 1</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFAB0FE23FAA1" box="[300,400,1361,1380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">279/242</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FAB0FE4FFAA1" box="[419,508,1361,1380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">491/520</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FAB0FDDDFAA1" box="[534,622,1361,1380]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">270/292</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FAB0FD55FAA1" box="[642,742,1361,1380]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">217/T</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FAB0FCEBFAA1" box="[755,856,1361,1380]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">208/246</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFAB0FC77FAA1" box="[876,964,1361,1380]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">193/179</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FAB0FB8FFAA1" box="[983,1084,1361,1380]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">462/474</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFAB0FB1DFAA1" box="[1098,1198,1361,1380]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Rg/504</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFAB0FA93FAA1" box="[1212,1312,1361,1380]" gridcol="9" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">380/440</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FAB0FA3FFAA1" box="[1332,1420,1361,1380]" gridcol="10" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">306/297</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FA91FA3FFA46" box="[166,1420,1392,1411]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FA91FEA9FA46" box="[166,282,1392,1411]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFA91FE23FA46" box="[300,400,1392,1411]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">355/350</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FA91FE4FFA46" box="[419,508,1392,1411]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">633/598</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FA91FDDDFA46" box="[534,622,1392,1411]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Rg/285</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FA91FD55FA46" box="[642,742,1392,1411]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">281/275</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FA91FCEBFA46" box="[755,856,1392,1411]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Rg/285</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFA91FC77FA46" box="[876,964,1392,1411]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">256/254</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FA91FB8FFA46" box="[983,1084,1392,1411]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Rg/580</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFA91FB1DFA46" box="[1098,1198,1392,1411]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">588/T</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFA91FA93FA46" box="[1212,1312,1392,1411]" gridcol="9" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">520/518</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FA91FA3FFA46" box="[1332,1420,1392,1411]" gridcol="10" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">368/320</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FA6EFA3FFA67" box="[166,1420,1423,1442]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FA6EFEA9FA67" box="[166,282,1423,1442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">3</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFA6EFE23FA67" box="[300,400,1423,1442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">365/292</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FA6EFE4FFA67" box="[419,508,1423,1442]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">624/482</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FA6EFDDDFA67" box="[534,622,1423,1442]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">375/277</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FA6EFD55FA67" box="[642,742,1423,1442]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">277/238</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FA6EFCEBFA67" box="[755,856,1423,1442]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">T/234</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFA6EFC77FA67" box="[876,964,1423,1442]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">244/192</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FA6EFB8FFA67" box="[983,1084,1423,1442]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">547/552</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFA6EFB1DFA67" box="[1098,1198,1423,1442]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">583/625</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFA6EFA93FA67" box="[1212,1312,1423,1442]" gridcol="9" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">515/510</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FA6EFA3FFA67" box="[1332,1420,1423,1442]" gridcol="10" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">T/360</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FA4FFA3FFA04" box="[166,1420,1454,1473]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FA4FFEA9FA04" box="[166,282,1454,1473]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">4</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFA4FFE23FA04" box="[300,400,1454,1473]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">289/327</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FA4FFE4FFA04" box="[419,508,1454,1473]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">566/622</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FA4FFDDDFA04" box="[534,622,1454,1473]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">325/315</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FA4FFD55FA04" box="[642,742,1454,1473]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">248/243</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FA4FFCEBFA04" box="[755,856,1454,1473]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">T/T</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFA4FFC77FA04" box="[876,964,1454,1473]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">199/202</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FA4FFB8FFA04" box="[983,1084,1454,1473]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">488/500</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFA4FFB1DFA04" box="[1098,1198,1454,1473]" gridcol="8" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">553/507</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFA4FFA93FA04" box="[1212,1312,1454,1473]" gridcol="9" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">490/405</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FA4FFA3FFA04" box="[1332,1420,1454,1473]" gridcol="10" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">270/303</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FA2CFA3FFA25" box="[166,1420,1485,1504]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FA2CFEA9FA25" box="[166,282,1485,1504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">AF</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFA2CFE23FA25" box="[300,400,1485,1504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">3.2.4.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FA2CFE4FFA25" box="[419,508,1485,1504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2.3.4.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FA2CFDDDFA25" box="[534,622,1485,1504]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">3.4.2.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FA2CFD55FA25" box="[642,742,1485,1504]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2.3.4.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FA2CFCEBFA25" box="[755,856,1485,1504]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33"></td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFA2CFC77FA25" box="[876,964,1485,1504]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2.3.4.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FA2CFB8FFA25" box="[983,1084,1485,1504]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2.3.4.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFA2CFB1DFA25" box="[1098,1198,1485,1504]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2.3.4.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFA2CFA93FA25" box="[1212,1312,1485,1504]" gridcol="9" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2.3.4.1</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FA2CFA3FFA25" box="[1332,1420,1485,1504]" gridcol="10" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2.3.1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50FA0DFA3FFA3A" box="[166,1420,1516,1535]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50FA0DFEA9FA3A" box="[166,282,1516,1535]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">SD</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAFA0DFE23FA3A" box="[300,400,1516,1535]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">17.5</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55FA0DFE4FFA3A" box="[419,508,1516,1535]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">25</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0FA0DFDDDFA3A" box="[534,622,1516,1535]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">18</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74FA0DFD55FA3A" box="[642,742,1516,1535]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">15</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05FA0DFCEBFA3A" box="[755,856,1516,1535]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">12</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AFA0DFC77FA3A" box="[876,964,1516,1535]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">13.3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21FA0DFB8FFA3A" box="[983,1084,1516,1535]" gridcol="7" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">19</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCFA0DFB1DFA3A" box="[1098,1198,1516,1535]" gridcol="8" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">19</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AFA0DFA93FA3A" box="[1212,1312,1516,1535]" gridcol="9" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">14.5</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2FA0DFA3FFA3A" box="[1332,1420,1516,1535]" gridcol="10" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">11.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F9EAFA3FF9DB" box="[166,1420,1547,1566]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F9EAFEA9F9DB" box="[166,282,1547,1566]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">SD (arms)</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF9EAFE23F9DB" box="[300,400,1547,1566]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">L2, L3, L3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F9EAFE4FF9DB" box="[419,508,1547,1566]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2, 3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F9EAFDDDF9DB" box="[534,622,1547,1566]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">L3, R2</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F9EAFD55F9DB" box="[642,742,1547,1566]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">R2, L2, L3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F9EAFCEBF9DB" box="[755,856,1547,1566]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2, 3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF9EAFC77F9DB" box="[876,964,1547,1566]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">L3, R3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F9EAFB8FF9DB" box="[983,1084,1547,1566]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">L3</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF9EAFB1DF9DB" box="[1098,1198,1547,1566]" gridcol="8" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">L2, R2</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF9EAFA93F9DB" box="[1212,1312,1547,1566]" gridcol="9" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">L2, R2</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F9EAFA3FF9DB" box="[1332,1420,1547,1566]" gridcol="10" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">2, 3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F9CBFA3FF9F8" box="[166,1420,1578,1597]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F9CBFEA9F9F8" box="[166,282,1578,1597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">SD (#)</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF9CBFE23F9F8" box="[300,400,1578,1597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">13, 14, 14</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F9CBFE4FF9F8" box="[419,508,1578,1597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">13</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F9CBFDDDF9F8" box="[534,622,1578,1597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">14, 13</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F9CBFD55F9F8" box="[642,742,1578,1597]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">14, 14, 14</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F9CBFCEBF9F8" box="[755,856,1578,1597]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">14, 14</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF9CBFC77F9F8" box="[876,964,1578,1597]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">1214</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F9CBFB8FF9F8" box="[983,1084,1578,1597]" gridcol="7" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">13</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF9CBFB1DF9F8" box="[1098,1198,1578,1597]" gridcol="8" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">15, 15</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF9CBFA93F9F8" box="[1212,1312,1578,1597]" gridcol="9" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">1422</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F9CBFA3FF9F8" box="[1332,1420,1578,1597]" gridcol="10" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">1215</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F9A8FA3FF999" box="[166,1420,1609,1628]" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F9A8FEA9F999" box="[166,282,1609,1628]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">WD A</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF9A8FE23F999" box="[300,400,1609,1628]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">37</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F9A8FE4FF999" box="[419,508,1609,1628]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">78</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F9A8FDDDF999" box="[534,622,1609,1628]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">48</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F9A8FD55F999" box="[642,742,1609,1628]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">44</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F9A8FCEBF999" box="[755,856,1609,1628]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">42</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF9A8FC77F999" box="[876,964,1609,1628]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">40</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F9A8FB8FF999" box="[983,1084,1609,1628]" gridcol="7" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">79</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF9A8FB1DF999" box="[1098,1198,1609,1628]" gridcol="8" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">67</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF9A8FA93F999" box="[1212,1312,1609,1628]" gridcol="9" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">50</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F9A8FA3FF999" box="[1332,1420,1609,1628]" gridcol="10" gridrow="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">42</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F989FA3FF9BE" box="[166,1420,1640,1659]" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F989FEA9F9BE" box="[166,282,1640,1659]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">B</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF989FE23F9BE" box="[300,400,1640,1659]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">52/52</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F989FE4FF9BE" box="[419,508,1640,1659]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">108/108</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F989FDDDF9BE" box="[534,622,1640,1659]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">50/60</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F989FD55F9BE" box="[642,742,1640,1659]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">51/51</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F989FCEBF9BE" box="[755,856,1640,1659]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">50/54</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF989FC77F9BE" box="[876,964,1640,1659]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">58/—</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F989FB8FF9BE" box="[983,1084,1640,1659]" gridcol="7" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">109/103</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF989FB1DF9BE" box="[1098,1198,1640,1659]" gridcol="8" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">107/85</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF989FA93F9BE" box="[1212,1312,1640,1659]" gridcol="9" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">70/61</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F989FA3FF9BE" box="[1332,1420,1640,1659]" gridcol="10" gridrow="22" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">49/58</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F966FA3FF95F" box="[166,1420,1671,1690]" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F966FEA9F95F" box="[166,282,1671,1690]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF966FE23F95F" box="[300,400,1671,1690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">84/74</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F966FE4FF95F" box="[419,508,1671,1690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">135/152</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F966FDDDF95F" box="[534,622,1671,1690]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">75/75</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F966FD55F95F" box="[642,742,1671,1690]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">65/64</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F966FCEBF95F" box="[755,856,1671,1690]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">64/70</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF966FC77F95F" box="[876,964,1671,1690]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">69/—</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F966FB8FF95F" box="[983,1084,1671,1690]" gridcol="7" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">126/134</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF966FB1DF95F" box="[1098,1198,1671,1690]" gridcol="8" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">127/117</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF966FA93F95F" box="[1212,1312,1671,1690]" gridcol="9" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">90/75</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F966FA3FF95F" box="[1332,1420,1671,1690]" gridcol="10" gridrow="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">57/70</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F944FA3FF97C" box="[166,1420,1701,1721]" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F944FEA9F97C" box="[166,282,1701,1721]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">D</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF944FE23F97C" box="[300,400,1701,1721]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">86/68</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F944FE4FF97C" box="[419,508,1701,1721]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">155/126</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F944FDDDF97C" box="[534,622,1701,1721]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">80/—</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F944FD55F97C" box="[642,742,1701,1721]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">65/60</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F944FCEBF97C" box="[755,856,1701,1721]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">64/58</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF944FC77F97C" box="[876,964,1701,1721]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">64/—</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F944FB8FF97C" box="[983,1084,1701,1721]" gridcol="7" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">124/125</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF944FB1DF97C" box="[1098,1198,1701,1721]" gridcol="8" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">124/106</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF944FA93F97C" box="[1212,1312,1701,1721]" gridcol="9" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">90/85</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F944FA3FF97C" box="[1332,1420,1701,1721]" gridcol="10" gridrow="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">60/63</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F925FA3FF91D" box="[166,1420,1732,1752]" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F925FEA9F91D" box="[166,282,1732,1752]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">E</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF925FE23F91D" box="[300,400,1732,1752]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">66</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F925FE4FF91D" box="[419,508,1732,1752]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">120</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F925FDDDF91D" box="[534,622,1732,1752]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">53</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F925FD55F91D" box="[642,742,1732,1752]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">54</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F925FCEBF91D" box="[755,856,1732,1752]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">49</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF925FC77F91D" box="[876,964,1732,1752]" gridcol="6" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">46</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F925FB8FF91D" box="[983,1084,1732,1752]" gridcol="7" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">103</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF925FB1DF91D" box="[1098,1198,1732,1752]" gridcol="8" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">99</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF925FA93F91D" box="[1212,1312,1732,1752]" gridcol="9" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">45</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F925FA3FF91D" box="[1332,1420,1732,1752]" gridcol="10" gridrow="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">46</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F902FA3FF932" box="[166,1420,1763,1783]" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F902FEA9F932" box="[166,282,1763,1783]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">WDF</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF902FE23F932" box="[300,400,1763,1783]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C=D.B.E.A</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F902FE4FF932" box="[419,508,1763,1783]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">D.C.E.B.A</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F902FDDDF932" box="[534,622,1763,1783]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">D.C.B.E.A</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F902FD55F932" box="[642,742,1763,1783]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C=D.E.B.A</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F902FCEBF932" box="[755,856,1763,1783]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C.D.B=E.A</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF902FC77F932" box="[876,964,1763,1783]" gridcol="6" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C.D.B.E.A</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F902FB8FF932" box="[983,1084,1763,1783]" gridcol="7" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C.D.B=E.A</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF902FB1DF932" box="[1098,1198,1763,1783]" gridcol="8" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C=D.B.E.A</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF902FA93F932" box="[1212,1312,1763,1783]" gridcol="9" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C=D.B.A.E</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F902FA3FF932" box="[1332,1420,1763,1783]" gridcol="10" gridrow="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">C.D.B.E.A</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B040018FF50F8E3FA3FF8D3" box="[166,1420,1794,1814]" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FF50F8E3FEA9F8D3" box="[166,282,1794,1814]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">SC (L3/R3)</th>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FEDAF8E3FE23F8D3" box="[300,400,1794,1814]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">264/145</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FE55F8E3FE4FF8D3" box="[419,508,1794,1814]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">273/137</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FDE0F8E3FDDDF8D3" box="[534,622,1794,1814]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">207/126</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD74F8E3FD55F8D3" box="[642,742,1794,1814]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">234/124</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FD05F8E3FCEBF8D3" box="[755,856,1794,1814]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">242/145</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC9AF8E3FC77F8D3" box="[876,964,1794,1814]" gridcol="6" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">254/119</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FC21F8E3FB8FF8D3" box="[983,1084,1794,1814]" gridcol="7" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">255/245</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FBBCF8E3FB1DF8D3" box="[1098,1198,1794,1814]" gridcol="8" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
256/275
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FB65F8E2FB1BF8D3" bold="true" box="[1171,1192,1795,1814]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">**</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FB4AF8E3FA93F8D3" box="[1212,1312,1794,1814]" gridcol="9" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">276/276</td>
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B040018FAC2F8E3FA3FF8D3" box="[1332,1420,1794,1814]" gridcol="10" gridrow="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">223/206</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B04FFE5FF44F8CDFCB2F7D0" blockId="2.[178,1434,1836,2069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<tableNote id="BB5D377F0B04FFE5FF44F8CDFCB2F7D0" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[166,1420,884,1814]" targetPageId="2">
Abbreviations: AF, arm formula (arm numbers arranged in length order, longest to shortest); AL, arm length (length of each arm pair, leπ/right); CL, calamus length; FL, funnel length; FFL, free funnel length; GC, gill count (number of gill lamellae per demibranch); GL, gill length; HW, head width; L1, L2,..., leπ arm 1, 2, etc.; LL, ligula length; MW, mantle width; NW, neck width; R1, R2,..., right arm 1, 2, etc.; Rg, regenerating arm; SC (L3/R3), sucker count (no. of suckers on 3rd arm of leπ/right side); SD, diameter of largest sucker (especially enlarged in males); SD (arms), arms with the largest suckers (particularly enlarged in males); SD (#), number of largest sucker counting distally from mouth (where more than one arm bears enlarged suckers, each value corresponds to respective SD arm); T, truncated arm; VML, ventral mantle length; WD, depth of interbrachial membrane (AE, sectors of interbrachial membrane from dorsal to ventral); WDF, web depth formula (interbrachial membrane depths arranged in depth order, deepest to shallowest).
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FE1EF806FE40F83F" bold="true" box="[488,499,2023,2042]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">*</emphasis>
Originally 162mm (shrinkage detected).
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B04FFE5FCA5F806FCDBF83F" bold="true" box="[851,872,2023,2042]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">**</emphasis>
Arm R3 of this specimen has regenerated from an earlier truncation distal to sucker #43; value given is from the next longest arm, L2.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE2FF43FEE6FD02FEA5" blockId="3.[156,767,198,386]" lastBlockId="5.[156,768,198,2076]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Skin with well-defined topology of raised patches delineated by a system of recessed grooves (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FDA6FEC9FD3EFE85" box="[592,653,296,320]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), these not retained in specimens preserved following a delay between death and fixation (
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FE92FE8BFE39FE44" box="[356,394,362,385]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">e.g.,</emphasis>
storage on ice). Primary skin colour cream-grey, typically speckled with darker shades, chromatophore expansion creating deep brick-red to brown colours when undisturbed but alert, and also when fixed (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FA9AFEE6FCEEFE85" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionText-0="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." captionText-1="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contract- ed posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Figs 23</figureCitation>
). Ventral mantle smoother and paler in colour (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FAA4FEC9FA22FE85" box="[1362,1425,296,320]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FCC2FEA8FCF2FEA4" box="[820,833,329,353]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionText="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contract- ed posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">3</figureCitation>
); sucker acetabula white to grey against an oral arm surface of dark red (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FC05FE88FB87FE44" box="[1011,1076,361,385]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1776,1798]" captionText="Fig. 4. An example of the appearance of the oral surface of a male Octopus sinensis to show the position of specially enlarged suckers on arms 2 and 3 of each side (most obvious on arms 2, as indicated: suckers #12 and 13 on the leπ, and #13 and 14 on the right). Anterior of animal (Ant.) is to the leπ, so the leπ arms are in the upper half of the figure and the right arms in the lower half. (Neotype specimen NSMT Mo 85659)." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Large skin papillae may be observed on the dorsal mantle, including 4 papillae arranged in a diamond configuration (two in the midline, and a lateral papilla on each side forming a symmetrically placed pair). Hints seen of a pair of frontal white spots on the bases of arms 1 (no other conspicuous white spots observed).
</paragraph>
<caption id="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" ID-Table-UUID="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" box="[156,1243,434,456]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" startId="3.[156,204,434,456]" targetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" blockId="3.[156,1243,434,456]" box="[156,1243,434,456]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FC41FE52FBFAFE0D" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[951,1097,435,456]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FC41FE52FBFAFE0D" box="[951,1097,435,456]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Octopus sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FB83FE52FB66FE02" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[1141,1237,434,456]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FB83FE52FB66FE02" box="[1141,1237,434,456]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">O. vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FD9EFE07FAADFB5F" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<table id="34BBC4510B050018FF47FE07FAF8FB5F" box="[177,1355,486,1178]" gridcols="1" gridrows="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FE07FAF8FE3C" box="[177,1355,486,505]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<th id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FE07FAF8FE3C" box="[177,1355,486,505]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Males Females</th>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FE1AFAF8FDCB" box="[177,1355,507,526]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FE1AFAF8FDCB" box="[177,1355,507,526]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Index</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FDEEFAF8FDE6" box="[177,1355,527,547]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FDEEFAF8FDE6" box="[177,1355,527,547]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FE24FDF1FAF2FDE7" box="[466,1345,527,547]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FE24FDF1FD99FDE7" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[466,554,528,547]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">O. sinensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FD2EFDF1FC81FDE7" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[728,818,527,547]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">O. vulgaris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FC16FDF1FB8AFDE7" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[992,1081,528,547]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">O. sinensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FB10FDF1FAF2FDE7" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[1254,1345,527,547]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">O. vulgaris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FDD8FAF8FD89" box="[177,1355,569,588]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FDD8FAF8FD89" box="[177,1355,569,588]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">ML range 72168mm 135210mm 89151 mm 140190mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FDB6FAF8FDAE" box="[177,1355,599,619]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FDB6FAF8FDAE" box="[177,1355,599,619]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">MWI 62±2.3 66±2.7 62±4.1 61±1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FD97FAF8FD4F" box="[177,1355,630,650]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FD97FAF8FD4F" box="[177,1355,630,650]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">HWI 47±0.9 29±1.7 43±3.2 29±1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FD74FAF8FD6C" box="[177,1355,661,681]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FD74FAF8FD6C" box="[177,1355,661,681]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">ALI 1 285±11.6 394±8.8 354±17.3 379±14.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FD55FAF8FD0D" box="[177,1355,692,712]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FD55FAF8FD0D" box="[177,1355,692,712]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">ALI 2 342±13.0 474±18.4 422±16.3 472±13.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FD32FAF8FD22" box="[177,1355,723,743]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FD32FAF8FD22" box="[177,1355,723,743]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">ALI L3 356±16.5 457±20.4 414±28.2 490±26.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FD13FAF8FCC3" box="[177,1355,754,774]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FD13FAF8FCC3" box="[177,1355,754,774]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">ALI R3 282±6.5 360±10.1 329±27.2 485±16.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FCF0FAF8FCE0" box="[177,1355,785,805]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FCF0FAF8FCE0" box="[177,1355,785,805]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">ALI 4 312±19.1 408±15.9 377±24.9 407±15.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FCD1FAF8FC81" box="[177,1355,816,836]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FCD1FAF8FC81" box="[177,1355,816,836]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">OAI 79±2.0 80±4.2 102±2.5 99±2.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FCAEFAF8FCA1" box="[177,1355,847,868]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FCAEFAF8FCA1" box="[177,1355,847,868]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">WDI max 86±3.6 89±3.4 84±5.7 93±4.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FC8FFAF8FC46" box="[177,1355,878,899]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FC8FFAF8FC46" box="[177,1355,878,899]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">WDI min 48±2.4 46±2.1 48±2.8 44±3.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FC6CFAF8FC67" box="[177,1355,909,930]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FC6CFAF8FC67" box="[177,1355,909,930]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">FLI 35±2.5 37±2.4 37±1.0 37±2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FC4DFAF8FC04" box="[177,1355,940,961]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FC4DFAF8FC04" box="[177,1355,940,961]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">FFLI 72±7.8 65±5.5 69±3.9 70±1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FC2AFAF8FC25" box="[177,1355,971,992]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FC2AFAF8FC25" box="[177,1355,971,992]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">LLI 1.5±0.3 3.3±0.2 — —</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FC0AFAF8FC3A" box="[177,1355,1003,1023]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FC0AFAF8FC3A" box="[177,1355,1003,1023]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">CLI 42±4.5 38±3.5 — —</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FBEBFAF8FBDB" box="[177,1355,1034,1054]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FBEBFAF8FBDB" box="[177,1355,1034,1054]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">GLI 29±1.7 26, 30 43±3.7 —</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FBCBFAF8FBF8" box="[177,1355,1066,1085]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FBCBFAF8FBF8" box="[177,1355,1066,1085]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">GC range 79 910 810 910</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FBA9FAF8FB99" box="[177,1355,1096,1116]" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FBA9FAF8FB99" box="[177,1355,1096,1116]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">SDI 16.9±0.8 19.8±0.9 13.1±0.7 13.9±1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FB86FAF8FBBE" box="[177,1355,1127,1147]" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FB86FAF8FBBE" box="[177,1355,1127,1147]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">SC (N) range1 207273 322350 223276 320342</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F88B34B30B050018FF47FB67FAF8FB5F" box="[177,1355,1158,1178]" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<td id="BB5A5DCF0B050018FF47FB67FAF8FB5F" box="[177,1355,1158,1178]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">SC (R3) range 119152 154192 — —</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF47FB51FE5BFA8D" blockId="3.[177,1432,1199,1352]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Values are either mean (±standard error) or range (min.max.). For
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FCF5FB51FCEFFB06" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[771,860,1200,1219]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FCF5FB51FCEFFB06" box="[771,860,1200,1219]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, values are from all male specimens in Table 1; and for
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FACAFB51FA24FB06" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[1340,1431,1200,1219]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FACAFB51FA24FB06" box="[1340,1431,1200,1219]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">O. vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include the male specimens listed as comparative material, and data tabulated by
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B05FFE4FC7EFB2AFB8AFB1B" author="Guerra, A. &amp; Roura, A. &amp; Gonzalez, A. F. &amp; Pascual, S. &amp; Cherel, Y. &amp; Perez-Losada, M." box="[904,1081,1227,1246]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="1401 - 1407" refId="ref10799" refString="Guerra, A., Roura, A., Gonzalez, A. F., Pascual, S., Cherel, Y. and Perez-Losada, M. 2010. Morphological and genetic evidence that Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 inhabits Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands (southern Indian Ocean). ICES Journal of Marine Science 67: 1401 - 1407." type="journal article" year="2010">
Guerra
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FC3BFB2AFC4AFB1B" box="[973,1017,1227,1246]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
; 1, data for heavily damaged specimens omitted. Abbreviations as in Table 1: suffix I indicates an index of measurement expressed as % ML, except for CLI (CL expressed as % LL), FFLI (FFL expressed as % FL), LLI (LL expressed % length of arm R3) and OAI (opposite arm index: length of arm R3 as % of that of arm L3). SC (N) range, sucker count range for normal arms (taking the largest value for each specimen); SC (R3) range, range of number of suckers on hectocotylus (males only, for all males inspected).
</paragraph>
<caption id="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFA65FB2EF7D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" startId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" subCaptionStartIDs="3.[531,562,1496,1518]" subCaptionStarts="Fig. 1" targetBox="[225,1362,209,1748]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF6AFA65FB84FA17" blockId="3.[156,1431,1412,1490]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FD8DFA65FCBEFA5C" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[635,781,1412,1433]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FD8DFA65FCBEFA5C" box="[635,781,1412,1433]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Octopus sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FAEAFA65FA81FA5C" box="[1308,1330,1412,1433]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">cf.</emphasis>
dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF6AFA39FCA3F99B" blockId="3.[156,1432,1496,1630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FDE5FA39FDF5FA28" box="[531,582,1496,1518]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FEEBF9CDFE81F984" box="[285,306,1580,1601]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">cf.</emphasis>
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B05FFE4FEC0F9CDFEC4F984" box="[310,375,1580,1602]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[156,204,833,855]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1. Basic measurements and counts of neotype and voucher specimens of Octopus sinensis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93">Table 1</tableCitation>
, and OAI in
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B05FFE4FE1BF9CDFD9CF987" box="[493,559,1580,1602]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF6AF985FE05F92F" blockId="3.[156,1432,1636,1770]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FC71F985FC0EF9BC" box="[903,957,1636,1658]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Figs 1</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FC1DF985FC4BF9BC" box="[1003,1016,1636,1657]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">2</figureCitation>
. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FE23F97DFE58F974" box="[469,491,1692,1713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">cf.</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FE18F97DFD93F977" box="[494,544,1692,1714]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contracted posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF6AF911FEB6F89F" blockId="3.[156,1432,1776,1882]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Fig. 4. An example of the appearance of the oral surface of a male
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FCE1F911FC18F8C0" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[791,939,1776,1797]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FCE1F911FC18F8C0" box="[791,939,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Octopus sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to show the position of specially enlarged suckers on arms 2 and 3 of each side (most obvious on arms 2, as indicated: suckers #12 and 13 on the leπ, and #13 and 14 on the right). Anterior of animal (Ant.) is to the leπ, so the leπ arms are in the upper half of the figure and the right arms in the lower half. (
<typeStatus id="990088530B05FFE4FB5CF8C9FB4BF8F8" box="[1194,1272,1832,1853]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
specimen NSMT Mo 85659).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF6AF881FAEDF8B3" blockId="3.[156,1374,1887,1910]" box="[156,1374,1887,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Fig. 5. End of arm R3 of the specimen in
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FDD3F881FDC1F8B0" box="[549,626,1888,1910]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionStartId-2="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." captionText-2="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contract- ed posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Figs 13</figureCitation>
, showing the robust spermatophore groove (SGr;
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FBC3F881FBF9F8B0" box="[1077,1098,1888,1909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">cf.</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FBBBF881FB32F8B0" box="[1101,1153,1888,1910]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, H) and small ligula (L).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF6AF89DFE84F820" blockId="3.[156,1432,1915,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Fig. 6. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FDE2F89DFD15F854" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[532,678,1916,1937]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FDE2F89DFD15F854" box="[532,678,1916,1937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Octopus sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(lot NSMT Mo 85660 specimen IGG 318, ML
<quantity id="81439B140B05FFE4FBBAF89DFB2BF854" box="[1100,1176,1916,1938]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="168.0">168 mm</quantity>
), illustrating the form of the ligula in more detail. Note modest calamus (Cal.) nestled in the hilum at the base of the ligula, and protuberance (Pr.) on the anterior side closely apposed to the region at the end of the spermatophore groove (SGr), covering the base of both ligula and calamus. (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FF6AF80DFB2EF7D8" blockId="3.[156,1432,2027,2078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Fig. 7. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FDEEF80DFD1FF7C4" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[536,684,2028,2049]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FDEEF80DFD1FF7C4" box="[536,684,2028,2049]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Octopus vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimen BMNH 98.5.21.346 (ML
<quantity id="81439B140B05FFE4FC05F80DFB80F7C4" box="[1011,1075,2028,2050]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="96.0">96mm</quantity>
), showing that the form and size of the ligula are similar to those of the ligula of
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B05FFE4FDFBF7E9FDD8F7D8" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[525,619,2056,2077]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B05FFE4FDFBF7E9FDD8F7D8" box="[525,619,2056,2077]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as shown in
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FD11F7E9FCAEF7D8" box="[743,797,2055,2078]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1888,1910]" captionText="Fig. 5. End of arm R3 of the specimen in Figs 13, showing the robust spermatophore groove (SGr; cf.Fig. 2, H) and small ligula (L)." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Figs 5</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B05FFE4FCBFF7E9FCE5F7DB" box="[841,854,2056,2078]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1916,1938]" captionText="Fig. 6. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of Octopus sinensis (lot NSMT Mo 85660 specimen IGG 318, ML 168mm), illustrating the form of the ligula in more detail. Note modest calamus (Cal.) nestled in the hilum at the base of the ligula, and protuberance (Pr.) on the anterior side closely apposed to the region at the end of the spermatophore groove (SGr), covering the base of both ligula and calamus. (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto)." pageId="3" pageNumber="34">6</figureCitation>
). (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="460436F10B05FFE4FB6BF7E9FB12F7D8" blockId="3.[156,1432,2027,2078]" box="[1181,1185,2056,2077]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FF43FE88FD47FB88" blockId="5.[156,768,198,2076]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Arms long, longest around 4 times ML, shortest 3 to 3.5 times ML (growing allometrically throughout life, relatively longer in larger animals). Arms 2 and 3 subequal in length, longer than subequal arms 1 and 4, which are about 1 ML shorter than arms 2 and 3 (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FE45FE0AFE43FDC6" box="[435,496,491,515]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Arm formula most commonly 2.3.4.1 (
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FEC5FDEDFECDFDE1" box="[307,382,524,548]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[156,204,833,855]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1. Basic measurements and counts of neotype and voucher specimens of Octopus sinensis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Arms robust and muscular, broader than mantle when placed together (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FDF1FDCDFDD3FD81" box="[519,608,556,580]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs 12</figureCitation>
); width of each arm approximately 15% of ML at broadest extent (which corresponds approximately to deepest extent of interbrachial membrane;
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FEC7FD6FFEDDFD63" box="[305,366,654,678]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FE8AFD6FFE39FD63" box="[380,394,654,678]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FE63FD6FFE10FD63" box="[405,419,654,678]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1776,1798]" captionText="Fig. 4. An example of the appearance of the oral surface of a male Octopus sinensis to show the position of specially enlarged suckers on arms 2 and 3 of each side (most obvious on arms 2, as indicated: suckers #12 and 13 on the leπ, and #13 and 14 on the right). Anterior of animal (Ant.) is to the leπ, so the leπ arms are in the upper half of the figure and the right arms in the lower half. (Neotype specimen NSMT Mo 85659)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">4</figureCitation>
), narrowing gradually until distal third, then more abruptly to slender tips (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FDBBFD4FFD1AFD03" box="[589,681,686,710]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs 12</figureCitation>
). Autotomy absent. Males with right arm 3 hectocotylized, shorter than opposite arm by around 20% (OAI around 80%;
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FD3FFD0EFF19FCED" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FF41FCF1FF7DFCED" box="[183,206,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">cf.</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FF20FCF1FEA7FCED" box="[214,276,784,808]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Ligula of copulatory organ minute (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FD69FCF1FD48FCED" box="[671,763,784,808]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[156,187,1888,1910]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,187,1916,1938]" captionText-0="Fig. 5. End of arm R3 of the specimen in Figs 13, showing the robust spermatophore groove (SGr; cf.Fig. 2, H) and small ligula (L)." captionText-1="Fig. 6. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of Octopus sinensis (lot NSMT Mo 85660 specimen IGG 318, ML 168mm), illustrating the form of the ligula in more detail. Note modest calamus (Cal.) nestled in the hilum at the base of the ligula, and protuberance (Pr.) on the anterior side closely apposed to the region at the end of the spermatophore groove (SGr), covering the base of both ligula and calamus. (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs 56</figureCitation>
; LLI 1.7,
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FF0EFCD1FEF5FC8C" box="[248,326,816,841]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FEA3FCD1FEDFFC8D" box="[341,364,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">cf.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FE83FCD1FE42FC8C" author="Sasaki, M." box="[373,497,816,841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki 1929</bibRefCitation>
, pl. IX fig. 1), closely resembling that of
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B03FFE2FEBDFCB0FE0AFCAC" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[331,441,849,873]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FEBDFCB0FE0AFCAC" box="[331,441,849,873]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">O. vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FE3EFCB0FDB6FCAC" box="[456,517,849,873]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,2028,2050]" captionText="Fig. 7. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of Octopus vulgaris specimen BMNH 98.5.21.346 (ML 96mm), showing that the form and size of the ligula are similar to those of the ligula of O. sinensis (as shown in Figs 5 and 6). (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto)" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), with a relatively broad fleshy protuberance on anterior side closing ligula base (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FD2EFC90FF19FC6F" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1916,1938]" captionText="Fig. 6. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of Octopus sinensis (lot NSMT Mo 85660 specimen IGG 318, ML 168mm), illustrating the form of the ligula in more detail. Note modest calamus (Cal.) nestled in the hilum at the base of the ligula, and protuberance (Pr.) on the anterior side closely apposed to the region at the end of the spermatophore groove (SGr), covering the base of both ligula and calamus. (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
, Pr.;
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FF2AFC73FF40FC6F" box="[220,243,914,938]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">cf.</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FF0EFC73FE81FC6F" box="[248,306,914,938]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,2028,2050]" captionText="Fig. 7. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of Octopus vulgaris specimen BMNH 98.5.21.346 (ML 96mm), showing that the form and size of the ligula are similar to those of the ligula of O. sinensis (as shown in Figs 5 and 6). (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto)" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
); calamus length around 40% of that of ligula (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FF55FC53FF6CFC0F" box="[163,223,946,970]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1888,1910]" captionText="Fig. 5. End of arm R3 of the specimen in Figs 13, showing the robust spermatophore groove (SGr; cf.Fig. 2, H) and small ligula (L)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
; CLI 42%,
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FEA2FC53FE13FC0E" box="[340,416,946,971]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
), rounded, somewhat inconspicuous, not raised from surface of ligula, and with closed median groove (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FEDFFC15FEDBFBCE" box="[297,360,1011,1036]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1916,1938]" captionText="Fig. 6. Diagram of the tip of arm R3 of Octopus sinensis (lot NSMT Mo 85660 specimen IGG 318, ML 168mm), illustrating the form of the ligula in more detail. Note modest calamus (Cal.) nestled in the hilum at the base of the ligula, and protuberance (Pr.) on the anterior side closely apposed to the region at the end of the spermatophore groove (SGr), covering the base of both ligula and calamus. (Line drawing by Aki Hamamoto)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
, Cal.). Spermatophore guide with pale internal surface, present as a well-defined muscular edge along the marginal membrane of R3 (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FDE0FBD4FDE2FB88" box="[534,593,1077,1101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, H;
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FD8CFBD4FD01FB89" box="[634,690,1076,1101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1888,1910]" captionText="Fig. 5. End of arm R3 of the specimen in Figs 13, showing the robust spermatophore groove (SGr; cf.Fig. 2, H) and small ligula (L)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
, SGr).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FF43FBB4FEA1FAB7" blockId="5.[156,768,198,2076]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Arms bearing up to 276 suckers per normal arm in mature individuals (
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FEB9FB97FE72FB4B" box="[335,449,1142,1166]" captionStart-0="Table 1" captionStart-1="Table 2" captionStartId-0="2.[156,204,833,855]" captionStartId-1="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox-1="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="Table 1. Basic measurements and counts of neotype and voucher specimens of Octopus sinensis." captionText-1="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid-0="12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" tableUuid-1="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Tables 12</tableCitation>
); hectocotylized arm of males with 119152 suckers (
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FE65FB77FE56FB6B" box="[403,485,1174,1198]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Suckers robust, broad, 1 or 2 conspicuously enlarged in males between #12 and #15 (commonly #13 and/or #14) on arms 2 and 3 (
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FD81FB36FD3CFB2A" box="[631,655,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">cf.</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FD62FB36FD7DFB2A" box="[660,718,1239,1263]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1776,1798]" captionText="Fig. 4. An example of the appearance of the oral surface of a male Octopus sinensis to show the position of specially enlarged suckers on arms 2 and 3 of each side (most obvious on arms 2, as indicated: suckers #12 and 13 on the leπ, and #13 and 14 on the right). Anterior of animal (Ant.) is to the leπ, so the leπ arms are in the upper half of the figure and the right arms in the lower half. (Neotype specimen NSMT Mo 85659)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); infundibulum shallow, flared, with well-defined, scalloped rim and about 32 well-developed cushions, coalescing to around 20 centrally; acetabulum moderately deep with small opening (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FF3FFAB8FEB6FAB7" box="[201,261,1369,1394]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1776,1798]" captionText="Fig. 4. An example of the appearance of the oral surface of a male Octopus sinensis to show the position of specially enlarged suckers on arms 2 and 3 of each side (most obvious on arms 2, as indicated: suckers #12 and 13 on the leπ, and #13 and 14 on the right). Anterior of animal (Ant.) is to the leπ, so the leπ arms are in the upper half of the figure and the right arms in the lower half. (Neotype specimen NSMT Mo 85659)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FF43FA9BFDA8F9D1" blockId="5.[156,768,198,2076]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Interbrachial membranes (arm webs) substantial but shallow between all arms, deepest (sectors B, C and D) 8090% of ML (WDI max,
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FEACFA5AFE17FA16" box="[346,420,1467,1491]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
), shallowest (sectors A and E) 45 50% of ML (WDI min,
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FE66FA3AFE6FFA31" box="[400,476,1499,1524]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FE11FA3AFD97FA31" box="[487,548,1499,1524]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FDC7FA3DFD8EFA31" box="[561,573,1500,1524]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1496,1518]" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal view of the specimen in Fig. 1, showing the difference in lengths of arms 2 and 3 (longer, ending within the region labelled Arms 2 and 3 bracketed to the leπ) versus 1 and 4 (clearly shorter, ending within the adjacent bracketed region labelled Arms 1 and 4). The longer arms include arm R3 (the hectocotylus, H), which (typically much shorter than its counterpart, L3) is only just a little longer than arm pairs 1 and 4 (cf. Table 1, and OAI in Table 2). Note also the relative size and shape of the head, body and arms, and the rugose texture caused by the fixed appearance of the patch-and-groove topology of the skin." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">2</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FD84FA3DFD33FA31" box="[626,640,1500,1524]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1776,1798]" captionText="Fig. 4. An example of the appearance of the oral surface of a male Octopus sinensis to show the position of specially enlarged suckers on arms 2 and 3 of each side (most obvious on arms 2, as indicated: suckers #12 and 13 on the leπ, and #13 and 14 on the right). Anterior of animal (Ant.) is to the leπ, so the leπ arms are in the upper half of the figure and the right arms in the lower half. (Neotype specimen NSMT Mo 85659)." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">4</figureCitation>
); web depth formula typically C.D.B.E.A (
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FE34FA1DFDBFF9D1" box="[450,524,1532,1556]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[156,204,833,855]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1. Basic measurements and counts of neotype and voucher specimens of Octopus sinensis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B04FFE5FF6AFCA0FBBCFC93">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FF43F9FCFDA7F89C" blockId="5.[156,768,198,2076]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Funnel robust, modest in length, up to 40% of ML (FLI,
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FF6AF9DCFF5FF990" box="[156,236,1597,1621]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FF0DF9DCFE8FF990" box="[251,316,1597,1621]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FEBBF9DCFEE9F990" box="[333,346,1597,1621]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionText="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contract- ed posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">3</figureCitation>
), moderately narrow, tapering abruptly (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FF55F9BFFF6DF9B3" box="[163,222,1630,1654]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), free for about two-thirds of its length (FFLI,
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FD3FF9BFFF19F953" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FF40F99FFF40F953" box="[182,243,1662,1686]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FEF7F99FFEBDF953" box="[257,270,1662,1686]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionText="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contract- ed posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">3</figureCitation>
); median basal notch approximately 12% of FL. Funnel attachment is directly beneath posterior region of head, with free funnel extending just to anterior margin of eyes, well short of interbrachial membrane (
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FD96F901FD2DF93D" box="[608,670,1760,1784]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FD5AF901FD09F93D" box="[684,698,1760,1784]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1636,1658]" captionText="Fig. 3. View from the right side (body to leπ; arms to right) of the specimen in Figs 1 and 2. The funnel (F) was fixed in an unusual position (here seen pointing ventrally, perpendicular to the main body axis) as a result of damage following removal (before fixation) of a tissue sample (S) for molecular analysis (cf.Fig. 1). The broad extent of the mantle opening can be seen ventrally. Dorsally there is a large, contract- ed posterodorsal papilla (Ppd) above the right eye, with a smaller one anterodorsally (Pad). The anterodorsal papilla typically is not obvious except in well-fixed specimens." pageId="5" pageNumber="36">3</figureCitation>
). Funnel organ W shaped, robust, with broad limbs, lateral limbs 2025% shorter than median, occupying about half funnel length, positioned close to funnel tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FF43F883FAE6FE85" blockId="5.[156,768,198,2076]" lastBlockId="5.[820,1433,198,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Mantle robust, muscular, with moderately thick wall; opening wide (up to 25% wider than neck width; mantle edge length approximately 2.5 times direct width across mantle aperture;
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FEBAF822FED7F81E" box="[332,356,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">cf.</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="DE802A740B03FFE2FE9CF822FE10F819" box="[362,419,1987,2012]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[156,187,1412,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[225,1362,205,1748]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Ventral view of a mature male specimen of Octopus sinensis (NSMT Mo 85658), illustrating the paler ventral surface (cf. dorsal surface of the same specimen visible in Figs 2 and 3) and the size and shape of the funnel (F, held in place with a piece of white cord). A sample (S) of muscle tissue was removed prior to fixation, leaving a circular wound just anterior to the funnel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5526873/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). A pair of non-calcareous stylets present embedded in dorsolateral mantle musculature, supporting origin of funnel retractor muscle of each side; stylet length approximately half of ML, anterior section just over a quarter of total stylet length. Gills typically with 8 or 9 (range 710) lamellae per demibranch; relatively long (GLI 3045;
<tableCitation id="0B39034A0B03FFE2FC88FEC9FC7AFE85" box="[894,969,296,320]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="3.[156,204,434,456]" captionTargetBox="[177,1355,486,1178]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of basic measurement indices for male and female specimens of Octopus sinensis and O. vulgaris." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" tableUuid="12C466790B05FFE4FF6AFE53FB68FE0D">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Ink sac and anal cirri well-developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FCB8FEA9FBC4FD60" blockId="5.[820,1433,198,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
Spermatophores small, length around half of ML (approximately
<quantity id="81439B140B03FFE2FC70FE88FC79FE45" box="[902,970,361,385]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
long in a male of ML
<quantity id="81439B140B03FFE2FB44FE88FB49FE44" box="[1202,1274,361,385]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="92.0">92 mm</quantity>
); released from a pseudophallus of modest size (length approximately 12% of ML) with spermatophore duct entering posteriorly close to dorsomedial bulbous expansion (occupying approximately 30% of total pseudophallus length;
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FB4CFE0AFB61FDC6" box="[1210,1234,491,515]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">cf.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FB2EFE0AFAE1FDC6" author="Sasaki, M." box="[1240,1362,491,515]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki 1929</bibRefCitation>
, pl. IX fig. 2a, b). Females lay small eggs in festoons made by entwining egg stalks and cementing them to hang down from roof of den. Eggs hatch into planktonic paralarvae of ML 1.52.0 mm and 3 suckers per arm (personal observations from aquaculture experiments).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EA1657A0B03FFE2FCB8FD4FFB7AFCAC" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FCB8FD4FFB7AFCAC" blockId="5.[820,1433,198,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FCB8FD4FFC6AFD03" bold="true" box="[846,985,686,710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known to occur in
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FB27FD4FFABAFD00" box="[1233,1289,686,709]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Japan</collectingCountry>
as far north as southern
<collectingRegion id="847FF8130B03FFE2FC43FD2FFBA9FD23" box="[949,1050,718,742]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
and in the East
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FB3CFD2FFABBFD23" box="[1226,1288,718,742]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">China</collectingCountry>
Sea off
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FAA9FD2EFA24FD23" box="[1375,1431,719,742]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FCCDFD0EFC08FCC2" author="Sasaki, M." box="[827,955,751,775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki 1929</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FC3CFD0EFB26FCC2" author="Kaneko, N. &amp; Kubodera, T. &amp; Iguchi, A." box="[970,1173,751,775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref11064" refString="Kaneko, N., Kubodera, T. and Iguchi, A. 2011. Taxonomic study of shallow-water octopuses (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) in Japan and adjacent waters using mitochondrial genes with perspectives on octopus DNA barcoding. Malacologia 54: 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2011">
Kaneko
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FBD4FD11FBE1FCC2" box="[1058,1106,751,775]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FB2CFD0EFA90FCC2" box="[1242,1315,751,775]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FAC1FD0EFAFDFCC2" box="[1335,1358,751,775]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">cf.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FAAEFD0EFCD4FCED" author="Sasaki, M." pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki 1929</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FC85FCF1FBB7FCED" author="Lu, Z. - M. &amp; Cui, W. T. &amp; Liu, L. Q. &amp; Li, H. M. &amp; Wu, C. - W." box="[883,1028,784,808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="3755 - 3765" refId="ref11278" refString="Lu, Z. - M., Cui, W. T., Liu, L. Q., Li, H. M. and Wu, C. - W. 2013. Phylogenetic relationships among Octopodidae species in coastal waters of China inferred from two mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. Genetics and Molecular Research 12: 3755 - 3765." type="journal article" year="2013">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FC60FCF1FC79FCED" box="[918,970,784,808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FBE6FCF1FAB2FCE2" author="Reid, A. L. &amp; Wilson, N. G." box="[1040,1281,783,808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="349 - 368" refId="ref11813" refString="Reid, A. L. and Wilson, N. G. 2015. Octopuses of the Kermadec Islands: discovery and description of a new member of the Octopus ' vulgaris ' complex (O. jollyorum, sp. nov.) and the first description of a male Callistoctopus kermadecensis (Berry, 1914). Bulletin of the Auckland Museum. 20: 349 - 368." type="journal article" year="2015">
Reid and
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B03FFE2FB80FCF1FAB2FCE2" authority="Gleadall, 2016" authorityName="Gleadall" authorityYear="2016" box="[1142,1281,783,808]" genus="Wilson" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Wilson, 2015</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
), although the extent of its range southwards beyond
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FB39FCD1FAABFC8D" box="[1231,1304,816,840]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
is currently uncertain and requires further research.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0EA1657A0B03FFE1FCB8FC90FB7BFD40" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FCB8FC90FC39FB2A" blockId="5.[820,1433,198,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FCB8FC90FC02FC4C" bold="true" box="[846,945,881,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Remarks.</emphasis>
The species was named
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B03FFE2FB4DFC93FAB4FC4C" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[1211,1287,882,905]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FB4DFC93FAB4FC4C" box="[1211,1287,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Latin, meaning “from
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FC57FC73FC53FC6F" box="[929,992,914,938]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">China</collectingCountry>
”) even though the specimens upon which dOrbignys description was based are known to have come from
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FC99FC32FC14FC2F" box="[879,935,979,1002]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Japan</collectingCountry>
(see further discussion below). dOrbigny himself mentioned
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FC14FC15FBA9FBCE" box="[994,1050,1012,1035]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Japan</collectingCountry>
several times during the description and discussion, quoting from an original pre-Linnean Japanese text clearly identified subsequently by
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FAAEFBD5FCCAFBA8" author="Sasaki, M." pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki (1929)</bibRefCitation>
. The confusion with
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FB9EFBB4FB15FBA8" box="[1128,1190,1109,1133]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">China</collectingCountry>
appears to have arisen from the use of Parisian scholars of Chinese hired by dOrbigny (18391848) to translate the original text, which was written in Chinese style characters (Takigawa, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE2FCB8FB16FADCF953" blockId="5.[820,1433,198,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
The date of publication of the original description (dOrbigny 1841) was elucidated by Tillier and Boucher- Rodoni (1994), who determined that the livraison containing
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B03FFE2FCA8FAB8FC79FAB4" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[862,970,1369,1393]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FCA8FAB8FC79FAB4" box="[862,970,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was published between 1839 and 1841. The earliest confirmed year for the publication of this description is therefore 1841 (
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FBDBFA7BFB1AFA77" author="ICZN" box="[1069,1193,1434,1458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" refId="ref11001" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxlx + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: Article 21.6;
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FAB5FA7BFBF8FA16" author="Gleadall, I. G. &amp; Salcedo-Vargas, M. A." pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="113 - 142" refId="ref10706" refString="Gleadall, I. G. and Salcedo-Vargas, M. A. 2004. Identification of the Cephalopoda specimens in the Zoology Department of Tokyo University Museum. Interdisciplinary Information Sciences 10: 113 - 142." type="journal article" year="2004">Gleadall and Salcedo-Vargas 2004</bibRefCitation>
). The original description by dOrbigny was inadequate and devoid of
<typeStatus id="990088530B03FFE2FAF7FA3DFA9EFA31" box="[1281,1325,1500,1524]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
or locality designations but any confusion was resolved by
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FAAEFA1DFCCBF9F1" author="Sasaki, M." pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki (1929)</bibRefCitation>
, who provided a thorough redescription with clarification of dOrbignys ambiguities including confirmation that the species in question was described from Japanese specimens (despite the specific name alluding to
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FAD7F99FFAD0F953" box="[1313,1379,1662,1686]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">China</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B03FFE1FCB8F97FFD74FF3A" blockId="5.[820,1433,198,2077]" lastBlockId="6.[156,768,198,1328]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
There are no extant type specimens but it is deduced (
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FCCDF95EFC06F912" author="ICZN" box="[827,949,1727,1751]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" refId="ref11001" refString="ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxlx + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: Article 73.1.4) that the
<typeStatus id="990088530B03FFE2FB4EF95EFAA2F912" box="[1208,1297,1727,1751]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is that illustrated by dOrbigny in his atlas of plates (dOrbigny 1834 1842; dated 1834 by
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FBD4F8E1FA3FF8DD" author="Tillier, A. &amp; Boucher-Rodoni, R." box="[1058,1420,1792,1816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="97 - 103" refId="ref12189" refString="Tillier, A. and Boucher-Rodoni, R. 1994. Ferussac and d'Orbigny's &quot; Histoire naturelle generale et particuliere des Cephalopodes acetabuliferes &quot;: dates of publication of plates and text. Nautilus 107: 97 - 103. (originally dated &quot; 1993 &quot;)." type="journal article" year="1994">Tillier and Boucher-Rodoni 1994</bibRefCitation>
), Plate 9 (lower figure, without species identification; subsequently identified by
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B03FFE2FBDBF8A0FB18F89C" author="Sasaki, M." box="[1069,1195,1857,1881]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki 1929</bibRefCitation>
). The actual specimen (
<typeStatus id="990088530B03FFE2FCCDF880FC25F8BC" box="[827,918,1889,1913]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
by illustration) has never been identified. In view of the confusion over the number of species in the
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B03FFE2FAB0F863FC30F87E" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FAB0F863FC30F87E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Octopus vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, and the lack of extant type material for
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B03FFE2FA76F842FC33F81E" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FA76F842FC33F81E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a
<typeStatus id="990088530B03FFE2FC68F825FC5CF819" box="[926,1007,1988,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
is here designated to stabilize this species name. The vouchers for
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B03FFE2FBCFF805FB15F83E" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[1081,1190,2020,2043]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B03FFE2FBCFF805FB15F83E" box="[1081,1190,2020,2043]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
listed above provide a range of material for reference in museums in
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE2FAFCF7E5FADBF7D9" box="[1290,1384,2052,2076]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B03FFE1FA84F7E5FEA9FF1B" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="37" name="Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
, the
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FEBDFF26FEDCFF1B" box="[331,367,199,222]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">UK</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FE54FF26FE69FF1B" box="[418,474,199,222]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Japan</collectingCountry>
for future comparisons with other closely related species of the
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FE0FFF06FDD6FF3A" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[505,613,231,255]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FE0FFF06FDD6FF3A" box="[505,613,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B00FFE1FF43FEE9FDFEFC8C" blockId="6.[156,768,198,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
It is noted that the collection of Japanese octopus specimens by Philipp Franz von Siebold and their deposition in Leiden was probably communicated to dOrbigny by De Haan, and that descriptions in Japanese were also present in the extensive libraries of Japanese works taken from
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FF6AFE4AFF67FE07" box="[156,212,427,450]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Japan</collectingCountry>
to Leiden (by von Siebold) and to Paris (dOrbigny 1841;
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FF2CFE2AFEE7FE26" author="Sasaki, M." box="[218,340,459,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki 1929</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FEA9FE2AFDEEFE26" author="Gleadall, I. G. &amp; Goud, J." box="[351,605,459,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="187 - 195" refId="ref10578" refString="Gleadall, I. G. and Goud, J. 1993. The Asian ocellate octopuses. III. Octopus areolatus de Haan in d'Orbigny [1840]. Annals of Applied Information Sciences 18: 187 - 195." type="journal article" year="1993">Gleadall and Goud 1993</bibRefCitation>
; Takigawa pers. comm.). Attempts have been made to locate correspondence among the early nineteenth century scientists concerning specimens of Japanese
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FE47FDCDFD8AFD81" box="[433,569,556,580]" class="Cephalopoda" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="class">Cephalopoda</taxonomicName>
but none has been found (extensive enquiries of staff at BMNH, NRML, the National Museum of Natural History, Paris, and the Natural History Museum of La Rochelle). Japanese octopus specimens deposited in Leiden by von Siebold have been identified in the present study as
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FE37FD2EFD9DFD22" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[449,558,719,743]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FE37FD2EFD9DFD22" box="[449,558,719,743]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see list of material examined, above), corresponding to the species described by dOrbigny (1841) as the common octopus of
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FD6EFCF1FD63FCE2" box="[664,720,784,807]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Japan</collectingCountry>
and subsequently redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FE49FCD1FDFBFC8C" author="Sasaki, M." box="[447,584,816,841]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki (1929)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B00FFE1FF43FCB0FC35FF1B" blockId="6.[156,768,198,1328]" lastBlockId="6.[820,1433,199,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FF43FCB0FEF7FCAC" author="Sasaki, M." box="[181,324,849,873]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki (1929)</bibRefCitation>
included
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FE41FCB0FDB3FCAC" box="[439,512,849,873]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
in his list of localities for
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FF35FC93FE83FC4C" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[195,304,882,905]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FF35FC93FE83FC4C" box="[195,304,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the exact distribution of this species in Chinese waters requires further research. The presence of
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FF6AFC52FEB9FC0F" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[156,266,947,970]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FF6AFC52FEB9FC0F" box="[156,266,947,970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Taiwanese waters is confirmed from identical gene sequences obtained recently from specimens collected off
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FEF7FC15FE8AFBCE" box="[257,313,1012,1035]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Japan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FE9BFC15FE05FBC9" box="[365,438,1012,1036]" name="Taiwan" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(compare for example sequences from specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FE02FBF4FDD6FBE9" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[500,613,1044,1068]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FE02FBF4FDD6FBE9" box="[500,613,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the studies of
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FF4EFBD4FECAFB88" author="Kaneko, N. &amp; Kubodera, T. &amp; Iguchi, A." box="[184,377,1077,1101]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref11064" refString="Kaneko, N., Kubodera, T. and Iguchi, A. 2011. Taxonomic study of shallow-water octopuses (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) in Japan and adjacent waters using mitochondrial genes with perspectives on octopus DNA barcoding. Malacologia 54: 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2011">
Kaneko
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FEFBFBD4FEF3FB88" box="[269,320,1077,1101]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FE58FBD4FDF3FB88" author="Lu, Z. - M. &amp; Cui, W. T. &amp; Liu, L. Q. &amp; Li, H. M. &amp; Wu, C. - W." box="[430,576,1077,1101]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="3755 - 3765" refId="ref11278" refString="Lu, Z. - M., Cui, W. T., Liu, L. Q., Li, H. M. and Wu, C. - W. 2013. Phylogenetic relationships among Octopodidae species in coastal waters of China inferred from two mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. Genetics and Molecular Research 12: 3755 - 3765." type="journal article" year="2013">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FE27FBD4FDB7FB88" box="[465,516,1077,1101]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). Sequences of the CO1 gene obtained from molecular analysis of tissue from the Japanese specimens listed here (Nishitani and Gleadall, unpublished data) were all identical to those reported elsewhere for specimens of the
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FE3CFB56FD88FB0A" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[458,571,1207,1231]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FE3CFB56FD88FB0A" box="[458,571,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex from localities off
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FEE6FB39FEC2FB2A" box="[272,369,1239,1263]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">East Asia</collectingCountry>
(
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FE72FB36FE28FB2A" box="[388,411,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">cf.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FE52FB36FDD4FB2A" author="Guerra, A. &amp; Roura, A. &amp; Gonzalez, A. F. &amp; Pascual, S. &amp; Cherel, Y. &amp; Perez-Losada, M." box="[420,615,1239,1263]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="1401 - 1407" refId="ref10799" refString="Guerra, A., Roura, A., Gonzalez, A. F., Pascual, S., Cherel, Y. and Perez-Losada, M. 2010. Morphological and genetic evidence that Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 inhabits Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands (southern Indian Ocean). ICES Journal of Marine Science 67: 1401 - 1407." type="journal article" year="2010">
Guerra
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FE00FB39FD99FB2A" box="[502,554,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
2010
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;
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Kaneko
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FD3DFB39FD4AFB2A" box="[715,761,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
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;
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Amor
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FEE9FB18FEF8FAD5" box="[287,331,1272,1296]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
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). These will be submitted to a gene sequence database subsequently under the species name
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FD1EFAF8FC33FF1B" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[744,896,199,1328]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FD1EFAF8FC33FF1B" box="[744,896,199,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="460436F10B00FFE1FCB8FF06FB7BFD40" blockId="6.[820,1433,199,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">
There is evidence of other closely related
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FB0AFF06FAD9FF3A" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1797" box="[1276,1386,231,255]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FB0AFF06FAD9FF3A" box="[1276,1386,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like species in East Asian waters (Gleadall unpublished;
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FA9FFEE6FC5EFE85" author="Reid, A. L. &amp; Wilson, N. G." pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="349 - 368" refId="ref11813" refString="Reid, A. L. and Wilson, N. G. 2015. Octopuses of the Kermadec Islands: discovery and description of a new member of the Octopus ' vulgaris ' complex (O. jollyorum, sp. nov.) and the first description of a male Callistoctopus kermadecensis (Berry, 1914). Bulletin of the Auckland Museum. 20: 349 - 368." type="journal article" year="2015">
Reid and
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FC90FEC9FC5EFE85" authority="Gleadall, 2016" authorityName="Gleadall" authorityYear="2016" box="[870,1005,296,320]" genus="Wilson" pageId="6" pageNumber="42" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Wilson 2015</taxonomicName>
</bibRefCitation>
) but this requires further research. The species described here as
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FBB2FEA8FB02FEA5" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[1092,1201,329,352]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FBB2FEA8FB02FEA5" box="[1092,1201,329,352]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
relates particularly to the main islands of
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FC09FE88FB84FE45" box="[1023,1079,361,384]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Japan</collectingCountry>
where it is a well-known, popular and sought-aπer seafood item fetching a high market value. Surveys of other localities around
<collectingCountry id="3EAC76610B00FFE1FB68FE4BFB65FE04" box="[1182,1238,426,449]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">Japan</collectingCountry>
have not detected the presence of any other species that could be confused with
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FC9EFE0AFC62FDC6" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" box="[872,977,491,515]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FC9EFE0AFC62FDC6" box="[872,977,491,515]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. With the description and sequences provided by the present study, which includes specimens also identified as the Japanese common octopus by
<bibRefCitation id="222A4B000B00FFE1FB1DFDCDFAC6FD81" author="Sasaki, M." box="[1259,1397,556,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref12090" refString="Sasaki, M. 1929. A monograph of the dibranchiate cephalopods of the Japanese and adjacent waters. Journal of the College of Agriculture, Hokkaido Imperial University, Sapporo 20 (suppl. 10): 1 - 357, 30 pls." type="book chapter" year="1929">Sasaki (1929)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="81BB4D720B00FFE1FA76FDCDFC33FDA1" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1841" class="Cephalopoda" family="Octopodidae" genus="Octopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Octopoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="74CFEAE30B00FFE1FA76FDCDFC33FDA1" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="37">O. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is now a clearly described species with which other closely related species can be compared.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>