297 lines
34 KiB
XML
297 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="D7C8427C12556C3A8D8903E349C6DEF5" ID-CLB-Dataset="45951" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.279200" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ba8601ac-96fc-46f9-a1ea-fa88c9ca43b5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="279200" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460411586159" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sh, Hossein Rajaei, Stüning, Dieter & Viidalepp, Jaan" docDate="2011" docId="C63187EFFFCDFFD8BF933507FB7AFD7E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03105p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3105" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lithostege fissurata subsp. inanis Prout" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="3A08FF97FFC3FFD7BF04301AFFEFFFD9" masterDocTitle="A review of the species of Lithostege Hübner, [1825] 1816 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Larentiinae), occurring in Iran and adjacent countries, with description of two new species from Iran and Pakistan" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698300702225" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3D8E6CDC4BB25ECA22006EFD612D7E68">A review of the species of Lithostege Hübner, [1825] 1816 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Larentiinae), occurring in Iran and adjacent countries, with description of two new species from Iran and Pakistan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="56A87590258DEF4DFA60F0F29D3A6406">Sh, Hossein Rajaei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4A6F24BEECF0A15C745AAB22E48899F1">Stüning, Dieter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B954D8D0CA2DFBD191BD74A2C3B384B">Viidalepp, Jaan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F7F4ED4C49BA6261E0F2E8F868D99EFE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AD7536610EC6362E68A67B2AA5E08B30">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E7D5A72937EAA3AA5DA22B6123F54339">
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<mods:date id="ADF56314E96EF3661BA9FB5795460F16">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C63187EFFFCDFFD8BF933507FB7AFD7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6186943" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119423648" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6186943" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C63187EFFFCDFFD8BF933507FB7AFD7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C63187EFFFCDFFD8BF933507FB7AFD7E" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="06826572FFCDFFD9BF933507FE6AFA80" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BF933507FE2EFAEE" blockId="14.[151,449,1309,1369]" box="[151,449,1309,1335]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<heading id="156F8195FFCDFFD9BF933507FE2EFAEE" bold="true" box="[151,449,1309,1335]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BF933507FE2EFAEE" ID-CoL="72KMW" authority="Prout" authorityName="Prout" box="[151,449,1309,1335]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fissurata" subSpecies="inanis">
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||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BF933507FE2EFAEE" bold="true" box="[151,449,1309,1335]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BF933507FE9CFAEE" bold="true" box="[151,371,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. fissurata inanis</emphasis>
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Prout
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BF93355BFE6AFA80" blockId="14.[151,449,1309,1369]" box="[151,389,1345,1369]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFCDFFD9BF9B355BFF12FA80" box="[159,253,1345,1369]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[268,1317,243,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[243,1345,171,1895]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Adult moths of Lithostege Hübner (left column, a: upperside, right column, b: underside). 16. L. notata (3, Sarkhoun, SW Iran); 17. L. fissurata fissurata (Ƥ, Roche de Sel, Algier); 18. L. fissurata inanis (Ƥ, Baluchistan, E Iran); 19. L. parva (3, Kopet-Dagh, Turkmenistan); 20. L. turkmenica (3, Karakum desert, Uzbekistan); 21. L. farinata (Ƥ, Sarepta, Russia). Scale bar: 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279204/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFCDFFD9BE0C355BFEC8FA80" box="[264,295,1345,1369]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 – 71" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[263,1331,206,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[226,1360,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 66 – 71. Lithostege Hübner: Female genitalia & details of abdominal integument. 66. L. samandooki sp. nov. (gen. prep. 1076 H. R.; type locality, S Iran); 67. L. senata (gen. prep. 8611 H. R.; Uzboi, Turkmenistan); 68. L. fissurata inanis (gen. prep. 1012 H. R.; Baluchistan, E Iran), a: genital organ, b: 7 th tergite, dorsal view; 69. L. parva (gen. prep. 1615 H. R.; Wachsch- Tal, Tajiikistan), a: genital organ, b: terminal segments of abdomen, lateral view; 70. L. turkmenica (gen. prep. 7649 J. V.; Uzbekistan, Karakum desert); 71. L. coassata (gen. prep. 1043 H. R., Gonbad, N Iran). Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279215/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">68</figureCitation>
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; Map 4)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06826572FFCDFFD9BF933593FCF5F9AE" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BF933593FED8FA1A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1417,1655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BF933593FE15FA46" ID-CoL="72KMW" authority="Prout, 1941: 331" authorityName="Prout" authorityPageNumber="331" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,506,1417,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
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<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BF933593FEAAFA46" box="[151,325,1417,1439]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lithostege inanis</emphasis>
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Prout, 1941: 331
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 34: i.
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<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCDFFD9BD673593FD2EFA46" box="[611,705,1417,1439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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3, allotype Ƥ, BMNH (examined by photo).
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<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCDFFD9BB9C3590FB25FA46" box="[1176,1226,1418,1439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCDFFD9BA2F3593FF05FA1A" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Saudi-Arabia</collectingCountry>
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: Khafs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BF9335CBFE90F9D2" blockId="14.[151,1436,1417,1655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6E8811D7FFCDFFD9BF9335CBFE90F9D2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BF9335CBFDD0FA3E" ID-CoL="97F33" authority="Wiltshire, 1947: 10" authorityName="Wiltshire" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,575,1489,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fitzgeraldi">
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<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BF9335CBFE9FFA3E" box="[151,368,1489,1511]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lithostege fitzgeraldi</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="CF3910E8FFCDFFD9BE7335CBFDD0FA3E" author="Wiltshire" box="[375,575,1489,1511]" page="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1947">
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<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCDFFD9BE7335CBFDF7FA3E" author="Wiltshire" box="[375,536,1489,1511]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Wiltshire, E. P. (1947) Middle East Lepidoptera, VII. New species and forms from Egypt and Arabia. Bulletin de la Societe Fouad Ier d'Entomologie, 31, 3 - 11." type="journal article" year="1947">Wiltshire, 1947</bibRefCitation>
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: 10
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl.
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<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFCDFFD9BD6835CBFD57FA3E" box="[620,696,1489,1511]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 15" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1944,1967]" captionTargetBox="[246,1318,213,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[238,1349,193,1923]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 15. Adult moths of Lithostege Hübner (left column, a: upperside, right column, b: underside). 11. L. dissocyma (Ƥ, Bandar Abbas, S Iran); 12. L. hreblayi sp. nov. (3, type locality, N Pakistan); 13. L. hreblayi sp. nov. (Ƥ, Type locality, N Pakistan); 14. L. samandooki sp. nov. (Ƥ, Type locality, S Iran); 15. L. senata (Repetek, E Turkmenistan). Scale bar: 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279203/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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||
; text-fig. 10.
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||
<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCDFFD9BC4735CBFC4EFA3E" box="[835,929,1489,1511]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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3, BMNH (not examined).
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<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCDFFD9BBC135C8FB18FA3E" box="[1221,1271,1490,1511]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality: Saudi- Arabia: Artawiya.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BF933603FD3EF9F6" blockId="14.[151,1436,1417,1655]" box="[151,721,1561,1583]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6E8811D7FFCDFFD9BF933603FD3EF9F6" box="[151,721,1561,1583]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BF933603FE43F9F6" box="[151,428,1561,1583]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BF933603FE48F9F6" ID-CoL="72KMW" box="[151,423,1561,1583]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fissurata" subSpecies="inanis">Lithostege fissurata inanis</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="CF3910E8FFCDFFD9BEB63603FD6BF9F6" author="Wiltshire" box="[434,644,1561,1583]" page="125" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1990">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCDFFD9BEB63603FDBDF9F6" author="Wiltshire" box="[434,594,1561,1583]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Wiltshire, E. P. (1990) An Illustrated, Annotated Catalogue of the Macro-Heterocera of Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 11, 92 - 250." type="journal article" year="1990">Wiltshire, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 125
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig 81.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BF933627FDF1F98A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1417,1655]" box="[151,542,1597,1619]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BF933627FDF5F98A" ID-CoL="72KMW" authority="Parsons et al., 1999" authorityName="Parsons et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[151,538,1597,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
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<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BF933627FEAAF98A" box="[151,325,1597,1619]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lithostege inanis</emphasis>
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||
:
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<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCDFFD9BE563624FDF5F98A" author="Parsons" box="[338,538,1597,1619]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Parsons, M. S., Scoble, M. J., Honey, H. R., Pitkin, L. M. & Pitkin, R. B. (1999) The catalogue. In: Scoble M. J., (ed.) Geometrid Moths of the world: a catalogue (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing, 1 - 1046." type="book chapter" year="1999">Parsons et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BF93367BFCF5F9AE" blockId="14.[151,1436,1417,1655]" box="[151,794,1633,1655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6E8811D7FFCDFFD9BF93367BFCF5F9AE" box="[151,794,1633,1655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BF93367BFD03F9AE" ID-CoL="72KMW" authority="Hausmann & Seguna, 2005: 11" authorityName="Hausmann & Seguna" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,748,1633,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fissurata" subSpecies="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BF93367BFE4BF9AE" box="[151,420,1633,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lithostege fissurata inanis</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<treatmentCitation id="CF3910E8FFCDFFD9BEB43678FD03F9AE" author="Hausmann" box="[432,748,1633,1655]" page="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCDFFD9BEB43678FD25F9AE" author="Hausmann" box="[432,714,1633,1655]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Hausmann, A. & Seguna, A. (2005) Lithostege fissurata Mabille, 1888 from Malta, new for the fauna of Europe (Geometridae, Larentiinae). Nota Lepidopterologica, 28 (1), 11 - 15." type="journal article" year="2005">Hausmann & Seguna, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 11
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–15.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="06826572FFCDFFD9BF9336B3FCB7F8F4" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BF9336B3FBD9F93C" blockId="14.[151,1436,1705,2017]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BF9336B3FE6FF91B" bold="true" box="[151,384,1705,1730]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCDFFD9BE8A36B0FE2AF91B" box="[398,453,1706,1730]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material:
|
||
<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCDFFD9BD3336B3FD70F918" box="[567,671,1705,1729]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
3: ‘Arabia: Khafs.
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<date id="3A261039FFCDFFD9BC7B36B3FC1BF918" box="[895,1012,1705,1729]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1935-02-26">26.ii.1935</date>
|
||
. H. St. J. B. Philby, B. M. 1935–222’, ‘Type’, ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BFFC36D4FE13F93C" authority="Prout" authorityName="Prout" box="[248,508,1742,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BFFC36D4FE57F93F" box="[248,440,1742,1766]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lithostege inanis</emphasis>
|
||
Prout
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCDFFD9BD0736D7FD84F93C" box="[515,619,1741,1765]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
3’; allotype Ƥ: same data; coll.
|
||
<collectionCode id="2889AE3CFFCDFFD9BCDE36D4FBDDF93C" box="[986,1074,1742,1765]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BFC336EBFCB7F8F4" blockId="14.[151,1436,1705,2017]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Additional material: 1 Ƥ:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCDFFD9BEF136E8FDCAF8D0" box="[501,549,1778,1801]" name="Iran" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Belutschistan, Iranshahr,
|
||
<quantity id="89609B1CFFCDFFD9BC5036EBFC4FF8D0" box="[852,928,1777,1801]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="3A261039FFCDFFD9BCAB36EBFBA1F8D0" box="[943,1102,1777,1801]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1954-03-01" valueMax="1954-03-10" valueMin="1954-03-01">1.-10.III.1954</date>
|
||
, [leg.] Richter u. Schäuffele, gen. prep. 1012/2010 H. R. Preparations of genitalia: 1 3,
|
||
<specimenCount id="589EFD70FFCDFFD9BC23370FFCDAF8F4" box="[807,821,1813,1837]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">2</specimenCount>
|
||
Ƥ.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="06826572FFCDFFD9BFC33723FD3CF838" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCDFFD9BFC33723FD3CF838" blockId="14.[151,1436,1705,2017]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BFC33723FE1CF88B" bold="true" box="[199,499,1849,1874]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description & Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Wingspan of the single specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCDFFD9BCB23720FC08F888" box="[950,999,1850,1873]" name="Iran" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="89609B1CFFCDFFD9BCF73723FBA9F888" box="[1011,1094,1849,1873]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Wings similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BA103720FA7AF888" box="[1300,1429,1849,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissurata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BA103720FA7AF888" box="[1300,1429,1849,1873]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. fissurata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but without apical dark grey line on forewing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFCDFFD9BDA03747FD18F8AC" box="[676,759,1885,1909]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1916,1939]" captionTargetBox="[268,1317,243,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[243,1345,171,1895]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Adult moths of Lithostege Hübner (left column, a: upperside, right column, b: underside). 16. L. notata (3, Sarkhoun, SW Iran); 17. L. fissurata fissurata (Ƥ, Roche de Sel, Algier); 18. L. fissurata inanis (Ƥ, Baluchistan, E Iran); 19. L. parva (3, Kopet-Dagh, Turkmenistan); 20. L. turkmenica (3, Karakum desert, Uzbekistan); 21. L. farinata (Ƥ, Sarepta, Russia). Scale bar: 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279204/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFCDFFD9BCD23747FBC8F8AC" box="[982,1063,1885,1909]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 – 71" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[263,1331,206,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[226,1360,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 66 – 71. Lithostege Hübner: Female genitalia & details of abdominal integument. 66. L. samandooki sp. nov. (gen. prep. 1076 H. R.; type locality, S Iran); 67. L. senata (gen. prep. 8611 H. R.; Uzboi, Turkmenistan); 68. L. fissurata inanis (gen. prep. 1012 H. R.; Baluchistan, E Iran), a: genital organ, b: 7 th tergite, dorsal view; 69. L. parva (gen. prep. 1615 H. R.; Wachsch- Tal, Tajiikistan), a: genital organ, b: terminal segments of abdomen, lateral view; 70. L. turkmenica (gen. prep. 7649 J. V.; Uzbekistan, Karakum desert); 71. L. coassata (gen. prep. 1043 H. R., Gonbad, N Iran). Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279215/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
|
||
) with very short apophyses anteriores (0.1 of apophyses posteriores) and a short funnel-shaped antrum; the pear-shaped corpus bursae fully spinulate, with a small anterior diverticulum. Female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCDFFD9BC4F37BCFC42F867" box="[843,941,1958,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissurata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCDFFD9BC4F37BCFC42F867" box="[843,941,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">fissurata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
without distinct differences. Also the male genitalia of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCDFFD9BE4237D3FE47F838" box="[326,424,1993,2017]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(studied) almost identical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="06826572FFCCFFD8BFC3308DFC3BFD5D" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCCFFD8BFC3308DFD44FDB9" blockId="15.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BFC3308DFE63FF69" bold="true" box="[199,396,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taxonomic note.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCCFFD8BE90308DFDA1FF76" author="Wiltshire" box="[404,590,151,175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Wiltshire, E. P. (1990) An Illustrated, Annotated Catalogue of the Macro-Heterocera of Saudi Arabia. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 11, 92 - 250." type="journal article" year="1990">Wiltshire (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BDF63083FBD5FF76" authority="Wiltshire, 1947" authorityName="Wiltshire" authorityYear="1947" box="[754,1082,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fitzgeraldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BDF63083FC6BFF69" box="[754,900,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. fitzgeraldi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCCFFD8BC88308DFBD5FF76" author="Wiltshire" box="[908,1082,151,175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Wiltshire, E. P. (1947) Middle East Lepidoptera, VII. New species and forms from Egypt and Arabia. Bulletin de la Societe Fouad Ier d'Entomologie, 31, 3 - 11." type="journal article" year="1947">Wiltshire, 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BB783083FA84FF76" authority="Prout, 1941" authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1941" box="[1148,1387,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BB783083FB30FF69" box="[1148,1247,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. inanis</emphasis>
|
||
Prout, 1941
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and simultaneously downgraded this taxon to a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BC1130A7FBD5FF0D" authority="Mabille, 1888" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1888" box="[789,1082,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissurata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BC1130A7FC7BFF0D" box="[789,916,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. fissurata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCCFFD8BC9E30A6FBD5FF0D" author="Mabille" box="[922,1082,188,212]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Mabille, P. (1888) Descriptions d'especes nouvelles de Lepidopteres de Tunisie et d'Algerie. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 1888, 42 - 43, 51 - 52, 58 - 59." type="journal article" year="1888">Mabille, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The single examined specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BFD130FAFEEDFF2E" box="[213,258,224,247]" name="Iran" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
was recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCCFFD8BECD30FAFCE5FF2E" author="Hausmann" box="[457,778,223,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Hausmann, A. & Seguna, A. (2005) Lithostege fissurata Mabille, 1888 from Malta, new for the fauna of Europe (Geometridae, Larentiinae). Nota Lepidopterologica, 28 (1), 11 - 15." type="journal article" year="2005">Hausmann & Seguna (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BC3530FBFB65FF2E" authority="Prout, 1941" authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1941" box="[817,1162,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fissurata" subSpecies="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BC3530FBFC13FF21" box="[817,1020,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. fissurata inanis</emphasis>
|
||
Prout, 1941
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The female genitalia of this specimen are highly similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BD95311FFCFDFEC5" box="[657,786,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissurata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BD95311FFCFDFEC5" box="[657,786,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. fissurata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(figured in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCCFFD8BC99311FFB1FFEC5" author="Hausmann" box="[925,1264,260,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Hausmann, A. & Seguna, A. (2005) Lithostege fissurata Mabille, 1888 from Malta, new for the fauna of Europe (Geometridae, Larentiinae). Nota Lepidopterologica, 28 (1), 11 - 15." type="journal article" year="2005">Hausmann & Seguna (2005))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Also the male genitalia of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9123885BFFCCFFD8BE43313DFE46FEE6" box="[327,425,295,319]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BECB3133FD98FEE6" authority="Prout" authorityName="Prout" box="[463,631,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BECB3133FDDEFE99" box="[463,561,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. inanis</emphasis>
|
||
Prout
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fit well with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BC753133FB6FFEE6" authority="Mabille. On" authorityName="Mabille. On" box="[881,1152,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissurata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BC753133FC1EFE99" box="[881,1009,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">L. fissurata</emphasis>
|
||
Mabille. On
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the other hand, a separation on species-level of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BEA13157FE05FEBD" box="[421,490,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BEA13157FE05FEBD" box="[421,490,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">inanis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BD263156FD6BFEBD" box="[546,644,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissurata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BD263156FD6BFEBD" box="[546,644,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">fissurata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is supported by genetic differentiation between these two taxa. DNAbarcoding of
|
||
<specimenCount id="589EFD70FFCCFFD8BE2F3175FE5AFE5E" box="[299,437,367,391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BEDD316AFDD4FE51" box="[473,571,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissurata">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BEDD316AFDD4FE51" box="[473,571,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">fissurata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a wide area of distribution (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BCB53175FBD9FE5E" box="[945,1078,367,391]" name="Mauritania" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Mauretania</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 2;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BB593175FB57FE5E" box="[1117,1208,367,391]" name="Tunisia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:2;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BBD03175FAF8FE5E" box="[1236,1303,367,391]" name="Israel" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 1) does not show any intraspecific variation, but comparing these with three barcodes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BB01318FFBA5FE75" box="[1029,1098,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BB01318FFBA5FE75" box="[1029,1098,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">inanis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BB9E318EFA7AFE75" box="[1178,1429,404,428]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">United Arab Emirates</collectingCountry>
|
||
) reveals a distance of 2.35%, suggesting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BD5731A3FD77FE09" box="[595,664,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BD5731A3FD77FE09" box="[595,664,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">inanis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a distinct species. Conventionally, a barcode difference exceeding 2% is understood as an argument of a species-level difference. It seems not unlikely that long-term isolation between Iranian and Arab populations led to a cryptic species (“in statu nascendi”) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BB55321AFB6EFDCE" box="[1105,1153,512,535]" name="Iran" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but without further studies of more material we are not able to decide this question. So here we follow
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCCFFD8BB4E323FFA78FDE5" author="Hausmann" box="[1098,1431,548,572]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Hausmann, A. & Seguna, A. (2005) Lithostege fissurata Mabille, 1888 from Malta, new for the fauna of Europe (Geometridae, Larentiinae). Nota Lepidopterologica, 28 (1), 11 - 15." type="journal article" year="2005">Hausmann & Seguna (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, regarding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BE0D3253FEA2FDB9" box="[265,333,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inanis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BE0D3253FEA2FDB9" box="[265,333,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">inanis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subspecies of
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BD273253FD44FDB9" box="[547,683,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFCCFFD8BD273253FD48FDB9" box="[547,679,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissurata">L. fissurata</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCCFFD8BFC33271FC3BFD5D" blockId="15.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,980,619,645]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BFC33271FEA5FD5D" bold="true" box="[199,330,619,644]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens studied are collected in January and February.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="06826572FFCCFFD8BFC33295FB7AFD7E" box="[199,1173,655,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFCCFFD8BFC33295FB7AFD7E" blockId="15.[151,1436,151,680]" box="[199,1173,655,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BFC33295FE8FFD71" bold="true" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BE633295FE12FD7E" box="[359,509,655,679]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BD0C328AFDDAFD7E" box="[520,565,656,679]" name="Iraq" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iraq</collectingCountry>
|
||
and SE of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFCCFFD8BDB5328AFD31FD7E" box="[689,734,656,679]" name="Iran" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFCCFFD8BDE13295FD01FD71" bold="true" box="[741,750,655,680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">(</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFCCFFD8BDEB328AFBCBFD7E" author="Hausmann" box="[751,1060,655,679]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Hausmann, A. & Seguna, A. (2005) Lithostege fissurata Mabille, 1888 from Malta, new for the fauna of Europe (Geometridae, Larentiinae). Nota Lepidopterologica, 28 (1), 11 - 15." type="journal article" year="2005">Hausmann & Seguna, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (Map 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |