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<document id="8799FA32298D0143BD832BB311BF4D65" ID-CLB-Dataset="45951" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.279200" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ba8601ac-96fc-46f9-a1ea-fa88c9ca43b5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="279200" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460411586159" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sh, Hossein Rajaei, Stüning, Dieter &amp; Viidalepp, Jaan" docDate="2011" docId="C63187EFFFC7FFD2BF9335F5FC13FC36" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03105p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3105" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lithostege excelsata Erschov" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="3A08FF97FFC3FFD7BF04301AFFEFFFD9" masterDocTitle="A review of the species of Lithostege Hübner, [1825] 1816 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Larentiinae), occurring in Iran and adjacent countries, with description of two new species from Iran and Pakistan" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698300702225" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A31A0926B601B8E05B5E3395536CE9F7">A review of the species of Lithostege Hübner, [1825] 1816 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Larentiinae), occurring in Iran and adjacent countries, with description of two new species from Iran and Pakistan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D10E586E1C77620DD012F935FF3C202D">Sh, Hossein Rajaei</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="C63187EFFFC7FFD2BF9335F5FC13FC36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6186906" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119423656" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6186906" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C63187EFFFC7FFD2BF9335F5FC13FC36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C63187EFFFC7FFD2BF9335F5FC13FC36" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="06826572FFC7FFD3BF9335F5FE4EF9F3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC7FFD3BF9335F5FE48F9D0" blockId="4.[151,423,1519,1578]" box="[151,423,1519,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="156F8195FFC7FFD3BF9335F5FE48F9D0" bold="true" box="[151,423,1519,1545]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFC7FFD3BF9335F5FE48F9D0" ID-CoL="3VLKN" authority="Erschov" authorityName="Erschov" box="[151,423,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsata">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC7FFD3BF9335F5FE48F9D0" bold="true" box="[151,423,1519,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC7FFD3BF9335F5FECAF9D0" bold="true" box="[151,293,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">L. excelsata</emphasis>
(Erschov)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC7FFD3BF933608FE4EF9F3" blockId="4.[151,423,1519,1578]" box="[151,417,1554,1578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
(
<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFC7FFD3BF9B3608FF01F9F3" box="[159,238,1554,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 5" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1942,1965]" captionTargetBox="[242,1359,235,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[218,1369,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 1 5. Adult moths of Lithostege Hübner (left column, a: upperside, right column, b: underside). 1. L. amoenata (3, from Kopet-Dagh, NE Iran); 2. L. amseli? (3, Dasht-i-Nawar, E Afghanistan); 3. L. excelsata (3, Dzahar, Turkmenistan); 4. L. distinctata (3, Repetek, E Turkmenistan); 5. L. buxtoni (3, Bakhtegan-Tashk National Park, S Iran). Scale bar: 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279201/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFC7FFD3BFFE3608FEF6F9F3" box="[250,281,1554,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 34" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[240,1341,230,1846]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[226,1360,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 32 34. Lithostege Hübner: Male genitalia &amp; details of abdominal integument. 32. L. amoenata (gen. prep. 1022 H. R.; Nikolajevsky pass, Tajikistan), a: genital capsule, b: aedeagus, lateral view, vesica partly everted, c: tympanal organ, tergite 1 + 2; 33. L. amseli? (gen. prep. 1025 H. R.; Dasht-i-Nawar, E Afghanistan); a: genital capsule, b: aedeagus, lateral view; 34. L. excelsata (gen. prep. 1018 H. R., Kara-Kum desert, Turkmenistan), a: genital capsule, b: aedeagus, lateral view, c: 8 th tergite (right margin turned up). Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">34</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFC7FFD3BE213608FEABF9F3" box="[293,324,1554,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 60 65" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1912,1935]" captionTargetBox="[275,1296,204,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[253,1333,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 60 65. Lithostege Hübner: Female genitalia. 60. L. excelsata (gen. prep. 7646 J. V.; Repetek, E Turkmenistan); 61. L. obliquata (gen. prep. 7645 J. V.; Repetek, E Turkmenistan); 62. L. usgentaria (gen. prep. 1016 H. R.; Askhabad); 63. L. witzenmanni (gen. prep. 1027 H. R.; Hamadan, W Iran); 64. L. dissocyma (gen. prep. 1074 H. R.; Kazerun, S Iran); 65. L. hreblayi sp. nov. (gen. prep. 1085 H. R.; type locality, N Pakistan). Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279214/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">60</figureCitation>
; Map 1)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06826572FFC7FFD3BF933641FBACF977" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC7FFD3BF933641FE98F956" blockId="4.[151,1436,1626,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6E8811D7FFC7FFD3BF933641FE98F956" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFC7FFD3BF933641FDE0F9A9" ID-CoL="95V95" authority="Erschov, 1874: 70" authorityName="Erschov" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,527,1626,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Anaitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsata">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC7FFD3BF933641FEA9F9A9" box="[151,326,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anaitis excelsata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="CF3910E8FFC7FFD3BE4B3640FDE0F9A9" author="Erschov" box="[335,527,1626,1648]" page="70" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1874">
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFC7FFD3BE4B3640FE09F9A9" author="Erschov" box="[335,486,1626,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Erschov, N. G. (1874) Cheshuekrylyja (Lepidoptera). - in: Fedchenko, A. P. Puteshestvie v Turkestan [Journey to Turkestan], 2 (5), 1 - 127." type="journal article" year="1874">Erschov, 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 70
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 4, fig. 71.
<typeStatus id="9123885BFFC7FFD3BDAB3640FCE2F9A9" box="[687,781,1626,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
Ƥ not traced.
<typeStatus id="9123885BFFC7FFD3BCAD3641FC34F9A9" box="[937,987,1627,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Turkestan: Kisil-Kum desert near Baїbek,
<date id="3A261039FFC7FFD3BE1F3660FE9BF956" box="[283,372,1657,1679]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1930-04">30 April</date>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC7FFD3BF933682FBACF977" blockId="4.[151,1436,1626,1710]" box="[151,1091,1688,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6E8811D7FFC7FFD3BF933682FBACF977" box="[151,1091,1688,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFC7FFD3BF933682FDF1F974" ID-CoL="3VLKN" authority="Prout, 1914: 174" authorityName="Prout" authorityPageNumber="174" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,542,1688,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsata">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC7FFD3BF933682FE8AF977" box="[151,357,1688,1710]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lithostege excelsata</emphasis>
: Prout, 1914: 174
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 8a;
<treatmentCitation id="CF3910E8FFC7FFD3BD6A3682FCD6F977" author="Viidalepp" box="[622,825,1688,1710]" page="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFC7FFD3BD6A3682FCFCF977" author="Viidalepp" box="[622,787,1688,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Viidalepp, J. (1996) Checklist of the Geometridae (Lepidoptera) of the former U. S. S. R. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 111 pp." type="book" year="1996">Viidalepp, 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 46
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="CF3910E8FFC7FFD3BC403683FBD0F977" author="Parsons" box="[836,1087,1688,1710]" page="546" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFC7FFD3BC403683FBE3F974" author="Parsons" box="[836,1036,1688,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Parsons, M. S., Scoble, M. J., Honey, H. R., Pitkin, L. M. &amp; Pitkin, R. B. (1999) The catalogue. In: Scoble M. J., (ed.) Geometrid Moths of the world: a catalogue (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing, 1 - 1046." type="book chapter" year="1999">Parsons et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 546
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06826572FFC7FFD2BF9336C0FBB3FEE6" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC7FFD2BF9336C0FBB3FEE6" blockId="4.[151,1437,1754,2031]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1007]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC7FFD3BF9336C0FE6DF92A" bold="true" box="[151,386,1754,1779]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material examined.</emphasis>
37 3, 29 Ƥ: 1 Ƥ, 1 3, [
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC7FFD3BDAD36C0FCA5F92B" box="[681,842,1754,1778]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
] Askhabat, coll. Great Knjaz Nikolaj Mikhajlovich, 25.4.[?]
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFC7FFD3BFFF36E4FE4FF8CF" authority="Chr." authorityName="Chr." box="[251,416,1790,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excelsata">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC7FFD3BFFF36E4FE8CF8CF" box="[251,355,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">excelsata</emphasis>
Chr.
</taxonomicName>
[a piece of green paper]; coll.
<collectionCode id="2889AE3CFFC7FFD3BC2636E4FCB3F8CF" box="[802,860,1790,1814]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZISP</collectionCode>
. 4 3, 1 Ƥ:
<collectionCode id="2889AE3CFFC7FFD3BCF136E4FBD1F8CF" box="[1013,1086,1790,1814]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USSR</collectionCode>
, Turkmenia, Dzahar, Kurgan,
<date id="3A261039FFC7FFD3BF933738FEE6F8E3" box="[151,265,1826,1850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1966-04-15">15.4.1966</date>
, leg. Ganson V.A., Coll. K.Krušek; 1 3, 1 Ƥ: Tekke [Akhal-Tekke,
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC7FFD3BB043738FB4EF8E3" box="[1024,1185,1826,1850]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
]; 7 3 Ƥ: Merw [Merv, E
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC7FFD3BFAB375CFEBFF887" box="[175,336,1862,1886]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
]; 1 3:
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC7FFD3BE99375CFDD5F887" box="[413,570,1862,1886]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
, Karakum des. SW,
<quantity id="89609B1CFFC7FFD3BC24375CFC88F887" box="[800,871,1862,1886]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
NE Gizilarbat, 1996.05.03.-06, leg. Miatleuski J., leg. Povilaitis A.; 1 Ƥ:
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC7FFD3BEA73770FDC9F85B" box="[419,550,1898,1922]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kasachstan</collectingCountry>
, Balchasch-See, Ümgeb. Wüste Sary-Tankum, bei Fl. Jli, 1.-
<date id="3A261039FFC7FFD3BBD23770FAE6F85B" box="[1238,1289,1898,1922]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.V.</date>
[19]67, gen. prep. 1617/2011 H. R.; all in
<collectionCode id="2889AE3CFFC7FFD3BEEC3795FDD5F87F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[488,570,1935,1958]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZFMK</collectionCode>
. 2 3:
<collectionCode id="2889AE3CFFC7FFD3BD853794FD25F87F" box="[641,714,1934,1958]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USSR</collectionCode>
, Turkmenia, Kara-Kum desert,
<quantity id="89609B1CFFC7FFD3BB363794FB92F87F" box="[1074,1149,1934,1958]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
,
<quantity id="89609B1CFFC7FFD3BB8E3794FB3DF87F" box="[1162,1234,1934,1958]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
N of Ashkhabad,
<geoCoordinate id="2BAC503EFFC7FFD3BF9337A8FF1DF813" box="[151,242,1970,1994]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="925" value="58.55">58°33'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2BAC503EFFC7FFD3BE0437A8FEB1F813" box="[256,350,1970,1994]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="925" value="38.35">38°21'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="3A261039FFC7FFD3BE6837A8FE05F813" box="[364,490,1970,1994]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1991-04-29">29.IV.1991</date>
, No. L12, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. Fabian, B. Herczig, M. Hreblay &amp; G. Ronkay, preps 1018/2010 and 1019/2010 H. R.; both in
<collectionCode id="2889AE3CFFC7FFD3BD6837CCFD46F837" box="[620,681,2006,2030]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZSM</collectionCode>
. 1 3: Central Kara-Kum desert, water-bed Kirpili [
<quantity id="89609B1CFFC7FFD3BBEA37CCFAA6F837" box="[1262,1353,2006,2030]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
] northwest to Kyzyl-Arvat; 3/Ƥ: Kopet-Dagh Mts.: Kyzyl-Arvat, Geok-Tepe; in
<collectionCode id="2889AE3CFFC6FFD2BCE43082FBF0FF69" box="[992,1055,152,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZIAT</collectionCode>
. 8 3 Ƥ: „Turkmeenia” [
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BA2E308DFF20FF0D" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
] 1977, Uzboi [river-bed], Yashan, 27.0402.05, J.V. leg.; 2 3, the same locality but 20.05. [19]92, T. Kesküla leg.; 12 3 Ƥ: „Turkmeenia” [
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BEE730C5FD6BFF2E" box="[483,644,223,247]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
] 1977, Repetek, 1617.04, leg. (gen. prep. 3417, 7646, J.V.); 20 3 Ƥ: „Turkmeenia” [
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BE43311EFE07FEC5" box="[327,488,260,284]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
] 1977, Lambe at Amu-Darja, 20.04, J.V. leg; 1 Ƥ: Zhamansai, Kyzylkum, Uzbek [istan], 27.04. [19]72, Falkovitsh leg.; all in
<collectionCode id="2889AE3CFFC6FFD2BD833132FD26FEE6" box="[647,713,296,319]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9bph-kj5p" name="Institute of Zoology and Botany" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">IZBE</collectionCode>
. Preparations of genitalia: 3 3,
<specimenCount id="589EFD70FFC6FFD2BB28313DFBD5FEE6" box="[1068,1082,295,319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">2</specimenCount>
Ƥ.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06826572FFC6FFD2BFC33151FE5CFC7E" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC6FFD2BFC33151FCF1FCCE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC6FFD2BFC33151FE1FFEBD" bold="true" box="[199,496,331,356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description &amp; Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Wingspan
<quantity id="89609B1CFFC6FFD2BD693156FD09FEBD" box="[621,742,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="22.0">2226 mm</quantity>
. Easily recognized by the light grey forewings with numerous transverse grey and black lines (
<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFC6FFD2BD0F3175FDBEFE5E" box="[523,593,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 5" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1942,1965]" captionTargetBox="[242,1359,235,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[218,1369,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 1 5. Adult moths of Lithostege Hübner (left column, a: upperside, right column, b: underside). 1. L. amoenata (3, from Kopet-Dagh, NE Iran); 2. L. amseli? (3, Dasht-i-Nawar, E Afghanistan); 3. L. excelsata (3, Dzahar, Turkmenistan); 4. L. distinctata (3, Repetek, E Turkmenistan); 5. L. buxtoni (3, Bakhtegan-Tashk National Park, S Iran). Scale bar: 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279201/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), the postmedial and also the posterior two thirds of the antemedial lines being separated medially by a faint black line and slightly angled outwards at veins M3-CuA1, by the small, rounded, greyish-white hindwings, powdered with black scales, with a thin, black marginal line. Underside of forewings almost without any pattern elements, there is only a short, black line near costa at postmedial position. In the male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFC6FFD2BE423218FE75FDC3" box="[326,410,514,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 34" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[240,1341,230,1846]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[226,1360,193,1863]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 32 34. Lithostege Hübner: Male genitalia &amp; details of abdominal integument. 32. L. amoenata (gen. prep. 1022 H. R.; Nikolajevsky pass, Tajikistan), a: genital capsule, b: aedeagus, lateral view, vesica partly everted, c: tympanal organ, tergite 1 + 2; 33. L. amseli? (gen. prep. 1025 H. R.; Dasht-i-Nawar, E Afghanistan); a: genital capsule, b: aedeagus, lateral view; 34. L. excelsata (gen. prep. 1018 H. R., Kara-Kum desert, Turkmenistan), a: genital capsule, b: aedeagus, lateral view, c: 8 th tergite (right margin turned up). Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279207/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
), the plain, apically rounded valve without a basal process, the long and narrow uncus and the triangularly elongated saccus are distinctive. Similar male genitalia are only present in
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFC6FFD2BB943232FACCFDE6" box="[1168,1315,551,575]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctata">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC6FFD2BB943232FACCFDE6" box="[1168,1315,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. distinctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in the latter species, the valves are shorter, their costa terminating in a rounded, lobe-like process; the uncus is broad at base and rather short and stout; the female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="D6A32A7CFFC6FFD2BC013275FCB5FD5E" box="[773,858,623,647]" captionStart="FIGURES 60 65" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1912,1935]" captionTargetBox="[275,1296,204,1872]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[253,1333,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 60 65. Lithostege Hübner: Female genitalia. 60. L. excelsata (gen. prep. 7646 J. V.; Repetek, E Turkmenistan); 61. L. obliquata (gen. prep. 7645 J. V.; Repetek, E Turkmenistan); 62. L. usgentaria (gen. prep. 1016 H. R.; Askhabad); 63. L. witzenmanni (gen. prep. 1027 H. R.; Hamadan, W Iran); 64. L. dissocyma (gen. prep. 1074 H. R.; Kazerun, S Iran); 65. L. hreblayi sp. nov. (gen. prep. 1085 H. R.; type locality, N Pakistan). Scale bar: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/279214/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
) are also distinctive by a triangular antrum and a weakly developed colliculum, the ductus bursae being narrow, elongated, membranous like the globular corpus bursae, the latter with very tiny spines internally and without a diverticulum. Antevaginal sclerotization narrow, strap-like. Female genitalia in
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFC6FFD2BEFE32C6FD60FD2A" box="[506,655,731,755]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lithostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctata">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC6FFD2BEFE32C6FD60FD2A" box="[506,655,731,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L. distinctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also membranous, corpus bursae without internal spines, but the latter is elongate-oval in shape and a colliculum is absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC6FFD2BFC33338FE0EFC86" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC6FFD2BFC33338FEA5FCE2" bold="true" box="[199,330,802,827]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bionomics.</emphasis>
Larvae feed on
<taxonomicName id="89984D7AFFC6FFD2BD033339FD6FFCE2" box="[519,640,803,827]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC6FFD2BD033339FD6FFCE2" box="[519,640,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Astragalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(sect. Ammodendron) (
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFC6FFD2BC953338FBBAFCE3" author="Falkovitsh" box="[913,1109,802,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Falkovitsh, M. I. (1986) Moths (Lepidoptera) of relic mountain ridge Kuldjuktau and adjacent lowland (southwestern Kyzylkum). - in: Fauna of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). Trudy Vsesojuznogo Entomologitsheskogo Obstshestva, 67, 131 - 186. [in Russian]." type="journal article" year="1986">Falkovitsh, 1986</bibRefCitation>
). Specimens studied are collected in April and May only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC6FFD2BFC33370FE5CFC7E" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC6FFD2BFC33370FC72FC5A" bold="true" box="[199,925,874,899]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Additional data on distribution based on literature sources.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFC6FFD2BCA23370FB93FC5B" author="Shchetkin" box="[934,1148,874,898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Shchetkin, J. L. (1965 a) Macrolepidoptera on sands in Vakhsh valley. Dushanbe. 194 p. [in Russian]." type="book" year="1965" yearSuffix="a">Shchetkin (1965a)</bibRefCitation>
: South
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BBD73370FAAAFC5B" box="[1235,1349,874,898]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2A094B08FFC6FFD2BA573370FECCFC7E" author="Falkovitsh" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Falkovitsh, M. I. (1986) Moths (Lepidoptera) of relic mountain ridge Kuldjuktau and adjacent lowland (southwestern Kyzylkum). - in: Fauna of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera). Trudy Vsesojuznogo Entomologitsheskogo Obstshestva, 67, 131 - 186. [in Russian]." type="journal article" year="1986">Falkovitsh (1986)</bibRefCitation>
:
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BE2A3395FE5FFC7E" box="[302,432,911,935]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06826572FFC6FFD2BFC333A8FC13FC36" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4E2736F9FFC6FFD2BFC333A8FC13FC36" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="7CECEAEBFFC6FFD2BFC333A8FE8FFC12" bold="true" box="[199,352,946,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BE6333A8FDEAFC13" box="[359,517,946,970]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BD1433A8FD7EFC13" box="[528,657,946,970]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
, S
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BDB633A8FCCFFC13" box="[690,800,946,970]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BC5233A8FC39FC13" box="[854,982,946,970]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Kasachstan</collectingCountry>
(Map 1). The species is not yet reported from
<collectingCountry id="368F7669FFC6FFD2BFD033C2FEEBFC36" box="[212,260,984,1007]" name="Iran" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iran</collectingCountry>
, but it is likely to occur in the Iranian parts of the Kopet-Dagh area.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>