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<document id="BFC1AB377C789D27342F0C582F396AED" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.8074943" ID-ISSN="2754-9844" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8074943" ID-ZooBank="BCAD06E8-0AFE-46ED-B7FA-930983CD44C4" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1699388683108" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Noyes, John Stuart" docDate="2023" docId="03BA87A7FD8DFDFEFE2CBD37A7CBFE53" docLanguage="en" docName="TaxMonogNeotropHymenopt.2.1-921.pdf" docOrigin="Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) 2 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8074943" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DAA2ADC4E839520FEEF1E0A10B782A41.1:TaxMonogNeotropHymenopt.2022-.journal_article" docStyleId="DAA2ADC4E839520FEEF1E0A10B782A41" docStyleName="TaxMonogNeotropHymenopt.2022-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Psyllaephagus alexion Noyes &amp; Hanson 1996" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="600" masterDocId="FF83FFDFFFD5FFA7FFE2BC24A610FFC5" masterDocTitle="ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera)" masterLastPageNumber="921" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="599" updateTime="1699637169064" updateUser="admin" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="7FA2C41BD0AA822806E512697CC34B5D">ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BF9305870CBE6BF5ED76A4309BCF6ADB">Noyes, John Stuart</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="893E708A8F41E6FC298A915758DF5CF6">Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:date id="F12DC482FBF213040DD412E77883846A">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9A73A86D99346E6A1A22ACFA77CC32DA">2023-06-30</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03BA87A7FD8DFDFEFE2CBD37A7CBFE53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87A7FD8DFDFEFE2CBD37A7CBFE53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA87A7FD8DFDFEFE2CBD37A7CBFE53" lastPageId="601" lastPageNumber="600" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<subSubSection id="C309653AFD8DFDFFFE2CBD37A55EFE82" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFE2CBD37A564FEE9" blockId="600.[462,884,275,327]" box="[462,884,275,300]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<heading id="D0E481DDFD8DFDFFFE2CBD37A564FEE9" bold="true" box="[462,884,275,300]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFE2CBD37A564FEE9" ID-CoL="4PRY6" authority="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[462,884,275,300]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFE2CBD37A564FEE9" bold="true" box="[462,884,275,300]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFE2CBD37A4A8FEEE" bold="true" box="[462,696,275,299]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Psyllaephagus alexion</emphasis>
Noyes &amp; Hanson
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFE11BD0AA55EFE82" blockId="600.[462,884,275,327]" box="[499,846,302,327]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">(Figs 4,5,1587-1590; Hab. E 237)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309653AFD8DFDFFFF57BD40A777FE53" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF57BD40A777FE53" blockId="600.[181,1164,356,406]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFF57BD40A482FEB9" authority="Noyes &amp; Hanson, 1996" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[181,658,356,380]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFF57BD40A78BFEB9" box="[181,411,356,380]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Psyllaephagus alexion</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B40FD8DFDFFFE43BD40A482FEB9" author="Noyes, J. S. &amp; Hanson, P." box="[417,658,356,380]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" pagination="105 - 164" refId="ref654282" refString="Noyes, J. S. &amp; Hanson, P. 1996. Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Costa Rica: the genera and species associated with jumping plant-lice (Homoptera: Psylloidea). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London (Entomology) 65 (2):`105 - 164." type="journal article" year="1996">Noyes &amp; Hanson, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:127,136-137.
<typeStatus id="54A88813FD8DFDFFFCC7BD40A593FEB9" box="[805,899,356,380]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Holotype</typeStatus>
E,
<collectingCountry id="F3047621FD8DFDFFFC48BD40A20CFEB9" box="[938,1052,356,380]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, NHMUK, examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309653AFD8DFDFFFF57BD90A525FC69" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF57BD90A525FC69" blockId="600.[181,1165,436,940]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFF57BD90A711FE09" box="[181,257,436,460]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Female</emphasis>
(length about
<quantity id="4CEB9B54FD8DFDFFFE7ABD90A41CFE09" box="[408,524,436,460]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.5">1.5-1.6mm</quantity>
): head black with a very dull, mixed, dark, metallic green and coppery purple sheen, mesoscutum more shiny, predominantly coppery purple with some blue-green reflections; scutellum with a relatively strong blue-green sheen with some coppery purple reflections; antenna (Fig. 1587) scape dark brown, flagellum brown; tegula dark brown; femora dark brown; tibiae yellow, each with a faint pale brown, subbasal spot; head (Fig. 1589) about 3.1X as wide as mouth opening; frontovertex about 0.4X head width and 3.1X as wide as mouth opening, with shallow piliferous punctures, each a little larger than eye facet but somewhat obscured by the coarse, relatively deep, polygonally reticulate sculpture; ocelli forming an angle of about 95°, posterior ocellus about equidistant from eye and occipital margins; scrobes shallow, separated from anterior ocellus by about 2X length of torulus; antenna (Fig. 1587) with scape about 4.3X as long as broad and very slightly longer than width of frontovertex; pedicel slightly longer than F1; all funicle segments longer than broad, linear sensilla on all segments or absent from F1; clava with segments becoming gradually shorter towards apex which is more or less rounded; clypeal slightly convex, protuberant; mandible with one tooth and a broad truncation; mesoscutum with slightly shallower sculpture than that on scutellum; scutellum slightly convex; fore wing (
<figureCitation id="13282A34FD8DFDFFFECABF60A775FC99" box="[296,357,836,860]" captionStart="Figs 4-7" captionStartId="737.[181,226,1526,1550]" captionTargetBox="[198,1157,270,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-10@737.[181,1163,223,1508]" captionTargetPageId="737" captionText="Figs 4-7. Psyllaephagus alexion – (4) apex of fore wing venation; (5) fore wing; (6) Psyllaephagus creusa, ovipositor; (7) Protyndarichoides nigriceps, genitalia, G." pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) about 2.4X as long as broad, marginal vein (
<figureCitation id="13282A34FD8DFDFFFCA3BF60A590FC99" box="[833,896,836,860]" captionStart="Figs 4-7" captionStartId="737.[181,226,1526,1550]" captionTargetBox="[198,1157,270,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-10@737.[181,1163,223,1508]" captionTargetPageId="737" captionText="Figs 4-7. Psyllaephagus alexion – (4) apex of fore wing venation; (5) fore wing; (6) Psyllaephagus creusa, ovipositor; (7) Protyndarichoides nigriceps, genitalia, G." pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) more or less punctiform; costal cell with only a single line of setae dorsally, linea calva closed; T3 of gaster without a distinct, strongly reticulate area anteromedially; ovipositor longer than mid tibia and hidden, second valvifer with about 10 subapical setae.
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFD6CBFB0A4D2FC69" box="[654,706,916,940]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Male</emphasis>
: unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309653AFD8DFDFFFF57BFEDA4FEFC24" box="[181,750,969,993]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF57BFEDA4FEFC24" blockId="600.[181,750,969,993]" box="[181,750,969,993]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
DISTRIBUTION.
<collectingCountry id="F3047621FD8DFDFFFE91BFEDA7F1FC24" box="[371,481,969,993]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF824B40FD8DFDFFFE0DBFEDA4F3FC24" author="Noyes, J. S. &amp; Hanson, P." box="[495,739,969,993]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" pagination="105 - 164" refId="ref654282" refString="Noyes, J. S. &amp; Hanson, P. 1996. Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Costa Rica: the genera and species associated with jumping plant-lice (Homoptera: Psylloidea). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London (Entomology) 65 (2):`105 - 164." type="journal article" year="1996">Noyes &amp; Hanson, 1996</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309653AFD8DFDFFFF57BFDBA76EFBD2" box="[181,382,1023,1047]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF57BFDBA76EFBD2" blockId="600.[181,382,1023,1047]" box="[181,382,1023,1047]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">HOSTS. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309653AFD8DFDFFFF57B812A511FB15" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF57B812A7BDFB8E" blockId="600.[181,1165,1078,1233]" box="[181,429,1078,1099]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">MATERIAL EXAMINED.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF39B875A76CFB5E" blockId="600.[181,1165,1078,1233]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
Type material.
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3CECFD8DFDFFFE85B874A512FBA3" box="[359,770,1104,1126]" collectionCode="R" country="Costa Rica" location="Puntarenas" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puntarenas">
HolotypeE:
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFE39B874A478FBA3" bold="true" box="[475,616,1104,1126]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<collectingCountry id="F3047621FD8DFDFFFE39B874A478FBA3" box="[475,616,1104,1126]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFD97B874A4F3FBA0" bold="true" box="[629,739,1104,1125]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<collectingRegion id="49D7F853FD8DFDFFFD97B874A4F3FBA0" box="[629,739,1104,1125]" country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<collectionCode id="ED02AE74FD8DFDFFFD13B875A512FBA3" box="[753,770,1105,1126]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">R</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3CECFD8DFDFFFCE7B875A768FB5E" collectingDate="1987-05-23" collectingDateMax="1991-05-11" collectingDateMin="1987-05-23" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="F. Golfo Dulce &amp; P. Hanson &amp; E. Cruz" country="Costa Rica" elevation="200" location="Material" municipality="Penas Blancas" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alajuela" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26E65367FD8DFDFFFCE7B875A582FBA3" box="[773,914,1104,1126]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">F. Golfo Dulce</collectorName>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A1E2F93FD8DFDFFFC7FB874A299FBA3" box="[925,1161,1104,1126]" location="Piedras Blancas" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<quantity id="4CEB9B54FD8DFDFFFC7FB874A5C1FBA3" box="[925,977,1104,1126]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" unit="km" value="24.0">24km</quantity>
W Piedras Blancas
</locationDeviation>
,
<quantity id="4CEB9B54FD8DFDFFFF57B84FA6FCFB45" box="[181,236,1131,1152]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="003ED182FD8DFDFFFF57B84FA6FCFB45" box="[181,236,1131,1152]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" unit="m" value="200.0">200m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAD1071FD8DFDFFFF16B84FA75DFB45" box="[244,333,1131,1152]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" value="1991-05-11">
<collectingDate id="EFE9E999FD8DFDFFFF16B84FA75DFB45" box="[244,333,1131,1152]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" value="1991-05-11">11.v.1991</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="26E65367FD8DFDFFFEBBB84FA7A8FB45" box="[345,440,1131,1152]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">P. Hanson</collectorName>
).
<typeStatus id="54A88813FD8DFDFFFE25B84FA433FB45" box="[455,547,1131,1152]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFDC9B84FA4A6FB44" bold="true" box="[555,694,1131,1153]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<collectingCountry id="F3047621FD8DFDFFFDC9B84FA4A6FB44" box="[555,694,1131,1153]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, 1E,
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFD0BB84FA52BFB44" bold="true" box="[745,827,1131,1153]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<collectingRegion id="49D7F853FD8DFDFFFD0BB84FA52BFB44" box="[745,827,1131,1153]" country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC8ACCBFD8DFDFFFCA4B84FA5DBFB44" box="[838,971,1131,1153]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Peñas Blancas</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFAD1071FD8DFDFFFC31B84FA23DFB45" box="[979,1069,1131,1152]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" value="1987-05-23">
<collectingDate id="EFE9E999FD8DFDFFFC31B84FA23DFB45" box="[979,1069,1131,1152]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" value="1987-05-23">23.v.1987</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="26E65367FD8DFDFFFBD8B84FA293FB44" box="[1082,1155,1131,1153]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">E. Cruz</collectorName>
).
<location id="8ECC606AFD8DFDFFFF57B8A2A712FB59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87A7FD8DFDFEFE2CBD37A7CBFE53:8ECC606AFD8DFDFFFF57B8A2A712FB59" box="[181,258,1158,1180]" country="Costa Rica" municipality="Penas Blancas" name="Material" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" stateProvince="Alajuela">Material</location>
in
<collectionCode id="ED02AE74FD8DFDFFFEFDB8A2A768FB5E" box="[287,376,1158,1179]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF39B885A511FB15" blockId="600.[181,1165,1078,1233]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3CECFD8DFDFFFF39B885A427FB14" collectingDate="2000-02" collectionCode="MT, YPT" collectorName="PN Corcovado &amp; J. S. Noyes &amp; J. Azofeifa" country="Costa Rica" elevation="200" latitude="8.55" location="Los Patos" longLatPrecision="1301" longitude="-83.5" municipality="Non" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puntarenas">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC8ACCBFD8DFDFFFF39B885A712FB73" box="[219,258,1185,1206]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Non</collectingMunicipality>
<typeStatus id="54A88813FD8DFDFFFEE5B885A73EFB73" box="[263,302,1185,1206]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">type</typeStatus>
material.
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFE6AB884A402FB73" bold="true" box="[392,530,1184,1206]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<collectingCountry id="F3047621FD8DFDFFFE6AB884A402FB73" box="[392,530,1184,1206]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, 1E,
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFDA6B884A4A2FB70" bold="true" box="[580,690,1184,1205]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
<collectingRegion id="49D7F853FD8DFDFFFDA6B884A4A2FB70" box="[580,690,1184,1205]" country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<collectorName id="26E65367FD8DFDFFFD5FB885A555FB73" box="[701,837,1184,1206]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">PN Corcovado</collectorName>
,
<location id="8ECC606AFD8DFDFFFCAFB885A5B7FB73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87A7FD8DFDFEFE2CBD37A7CBFE53:8ECC606AFD8DFDFFFCAFB885A5B7FB73" box="[845,935,1185,1206]" country="Costa Rica" latitude="8.55" longLatPrecision="1301" longitude="-83.5" municipality="Non" name="Los Patos" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" stateProvince="Puntarenas">Los Patos</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE275076FD8DFDFFFC4DB884A5E2FB70" box="[943,1010,1184,1205]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" precision="925" value="8.55">8°33’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE275076FD8DFDFFFC15B884A25AFB70" box="[1015,1098,1184,1205]" degrees="83" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" precision="925" value="-83.5">83°30’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CEB9B54FD8DFDFFFBB1B884A299FB70" box="[1107,1161,1184,1205]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="003ED182FD8DFDFFFBB1B884A299FB70" box="[1107,1161,1184,1205]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" unit="m" value="200.0">200m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="ED02AE74FD8DFDFFFF57B89FA6C7FB15" box="[181,215,1211,1232]" country="Russia" name="Mus. Tinro, Vladyvostok" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">MT</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED02AE74FD8DFDFFFF3CB89FA719FB15" box="[222,265,1211,1232]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">YPT</collectionCode>
,
<date id="FFAD1071FD8DFDFFFEF0B89FA742FB14" box="[274,338,1211,1233]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" value="2000-02">
<collectingDate id="EFE9E999FD8DFDFFFEF0B89FA742FB14" box="[274,338,1211,1233]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" value="2000-02">ii.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="26E65367FD8DFDFFFEBDB89FA7D1FB15" box="[351,449,1211,1232]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">J.S. Noyes</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26E65367FD8DFDFFFE29B89FA422FB14" box="[459,562,1211,1233]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">J. Azofeifa</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3CECFD8DFDFFFDA2B89FA4EEFB15" box="[576,766,1211,1233]" collectionCode="MZUCR" country="Costa Rica" location="Material" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puntarenas">
<location id="8ECC606AFD8DFDFFFDA2B89FA49DFB14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87A7FD8DFDFEFE2CBD37A7CBFE53:8ECC606AFD8DFDFFFDA2B89FA49DFB14" box="[576,653,1211,1233]" country="Costa Rica" name="Material" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" stateProvince="Puntarenas">Material</location>
in
<collectionCode id="ED02AE74FD8DFDFFFD48B89FA4EEFB15" box="[682,766,1211,1232]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">MZUCR</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C309653AFD8DFDFEFF57B8CBA7CBFE53" lastPageId="601" lastPageNumber="600" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF57B8CBA7A1F983" blockId="600.[181,1165,1262,1687]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
COMMENTS.
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFEB2B8CAA423FAC3" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[336,563,1262,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFEB2B8CAA423FAC3" box="[336,563,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Psyllaephagus alexion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFD83B8CAA48FFAC3" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[609,671,1262,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thonis">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFD83B8CAA48FFAC3" box="[609,671,1262,1286]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">thonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very close and were once thought to represent varieties of the same species. However, in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFD86B92DA4BFFAE4" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[612,687,1289,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFD86B92DA4BFFAE4" box="[612,687,1289,1313]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">alexion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the sensory part of the clava is shorter than the combined ventral lengths of the first two segments, the ocelli form an angle of about 90°, and the sculpture of the frontovertex below the anterior ocellus and on the mesoscutum is relatively shallower. In
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFEDFB97DA76BFAB4" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[317,379,1369,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thonis">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFEDFB97DA76BFAB4" box="[317,379,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">thonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the sensory part of the clava is longer than the combined ventral lengths of its first two segments, the ocelli form a distinctly obtuse angle and the sculpture of the frontovertex below the anterior ocellus and on the mesoscutum is relatively coarse.
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFC6CB9AAA264FA63" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[910,1140,1422,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFC6CB9AAA264FA63" box="[910,1140,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Psyllaephagus alexion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFEABB98DA76EFA04" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[329,382,1449,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ufens">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFEABB98DA76EFA04" box="[329,382,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">ufens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but females of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFDFBB98DA474FA04" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[537,612,1449,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFDFBB98DA474FA04" box="[537,612,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">alexion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from those of the other two species in having the scape a little longer than the minimum frontovertex width, all funicle segments at least slightly longer than broad and the mesoscutum slightly more shiny than the scutellum, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFBACB9FAA29CFA33" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[1102,1164,1502,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thonis">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFBACB9FAA29CFA33" box="[1102,1164,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">thonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFF03B9DDA706F9D4" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[225,278,1529,1553]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ufens">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFF03B9DDA706F9D4" box="[225,278,1529,1553]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">ufens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the scape is a little shorter than the frontovertex width at least F6 is transverse and the mesoscutum is about as dull as, or duller than, the scutellum. See also comments under
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFBD6BA30A279F9E9" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[1076,1129,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ufens">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFBD6BA30A279F9E9" box="[1076,1129,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">ufens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(p. 583) and
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFEF7BA0AA743F983" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[277,339,1582,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thonis">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFEF7BA0AA743F983" box="[277,339,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">thonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(p. 598).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8DFDFFFF39BA6DA29CF952" blockId="600.[181,1165,1262,1687]" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">
There is also some similarity between
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFD80BA6DA4BDF9A4" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[610,685,1609,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFD80BA6DA4BDF9A4" box="[610,685,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">alexion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFD3CBA6DA234F9A4" authority="Tavares and Perioto" authorityName="Tavares and Perioto" box="[734,1060,1609,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baccharidis">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFD3CBA6DA546F9A4" box="[734,854,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">baccharidis</emphasis>
Tavares and Perioto
</taxonomicName>
described from southern
<collectingCountry id="F3047621FD8DFDFFFEB1BA40A784F9B9" box="[339,404,1636,1660]" name="Brazil" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The species have a similar habitus and leg colouration.
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8DFDFFFC1ABA40A73DF952" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="600" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baccharidis">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8DFDFFFC1ABA40A73DF952" italics="true" pageId="600" pageNumber="599">Psyllaephagus baccharidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in being generally brighter in colouration, the head and dorsum of the
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8CFDFEFF57BCA6A6F3FF5A" blockId="601.[181,227,130,159]" box="[181,227,130,159]" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">
<pageNumber id="BBB83D67FD8CFDFEFF57BCA6A6F3FF5A" ambiguity="2" box="[181,227,130,159]" fuzzyness="0" pageId="601" pageNumber="600" score="12" value="600">
<pageTitle id="CB8CEED6FD8CFDFEFF57BCA6A6F3FF5A" box="[181,227,130,159]" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">600</pageTitle>
</pageNumber>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8CFDFEFEB5BCA4A5FBFF5D" blockId="601.[343,1003,128,152]" box="[343,1003,128,152]" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">
<pageTitle id="CB8CEED6FD8CFDFEFEB5BCA4A5FBFF5D" box="[343,1003,128,152]" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">
Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8CFDFEFD11BCA4A5C7FF5D" authority=", Volume" authorityName="Volume" box="[755,983,128,152]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="601" pageNumber="600" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera, Volume</taxonomicName>
2
</pageTitle>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAC36B1FD8CFDFEFF57BCFAA7CBFE53" blockId="601.[181,1165,222,407]" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">
thorax being bright metallic green whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8CFDFEFD43BCFAA4FCFF33" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[673,748,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="601" pageNumber="600" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8CFDFEFD43BCFAA4FCFF33" box="[673,748,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">alexion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
these parts are relatively dull. Also, in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8CFDFEFF57BCDDA73DFED4" box="[181,301,249,273]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="601" pageNumber="600" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baccharidis">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8CFDFEFF57BCDDA73DFED4" box="[181,301,249,273]" italics="true" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">baccharidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the scutellum is similar in colouration and sculpture to the mesoscutum whilst in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8CFDFEFF57BD30A710FEE9" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[181,256,276,300]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="601" pageNumber="600" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8CFDFEFF57BD30A710FEE9" box="[181,256,276,300]" italics="true" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">alexion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the scutellum is significantly brighter and with deeper sculpture than the mesoscutum. The frontovertex of
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8CFDFEFE63BD0AA7E9FE83" box="[385,505,302,326]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="601" pageNumber="600" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baccharidis">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8CFDFEFE63BD0AA7E9FE83" box="[385,505,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">baccharidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has no distinct piliferous punctures and the posterior ocellus is clearly closer to the eye margin than occipital margin, whilst in
<taxonomicName id="4C134D32FD8CFDFEFC89BD6DA5A6FEA4" authorityName="Noyes &amp; Hanson" authorityYear="1996" box="[875,950,329,353]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Psyllaephagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="601" pageNumber="600" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alexion">
<emphasis id="B967EAA3FD8CFDFEFC89BD6DA5A6FEA4" box="[875,950,329,353]" italics="true" pageId="601" pageNumber="600">alexion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the frontovertex has shallow, but conspicuous piliferous punctures and the posterior ocellus is about equidistant from the eye and occipital margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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